Evaluation of Metabolic and Some Renal Function Indices in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Seropositive Subjects on Antiretroviral Therapy in ABA Metropolis

Abstract

A group of illnesses collectively referred to as Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) are defined by a progressive loss of immune function. Comparatively speaking to other parts of the world, Sub-Saharan Africa is more affected by HIV and AIDS. Renal problems are a major feature of advanced HIV disease and a major cause of morbidity and mortality among HIV/AIDS patients. This study's objective was to evaluate the HIV participants' metabolic and renal function indices at the Rhema University Teaching Hospital in Aba Metropolis. Biochemical data and samples were collected from patients attending the ART clinic at Rhema University Teaching Hospital, Aba, Nigeria, as part of a cross-sectional study using a comparative design. Ninety volunteers had their renal functions evaluated, and the data was collected and analyzed using SPSS version 29.0 through the use of ANOVA and the student’s t-test. 90 people in all were divided into three groups for the study: 30 HIV-seronegative controls, 30 HIV-seropositive treatment-naive patients, and 30 HIV-seropositive patients receiving antiretroviral therapy. Subjects on ART groups had mean blood total protein levels higher than those of treatment-naive individuals. Both HIV-positive groups showed a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in serum total protein when compared to the control group. There was no significant difference in the mean serum creatinine level between the three groups. Individuals without treatment had a poorer creatinine clearance than both the control group and the ART individuals. When comparing the creatinine clearance levels of HIV-positive people (both naive and treated) to negative controls, no statistically significant changes were observed. Compared to those on ART and the HIV-seronegative control, treatment-naive patients had a greater prevalence of renal impairment, defined as CrCl< 60 mL/min.

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Keywords: Metabolic; Renal function indices; Human immunodeficiency virus seropositive subjects; Antiretroviral therapy