A spectrum of cognitive-behavioral-movement disorders in adrenoleukodystrophy: A case series from a tertiary care centre in the eastern part of India

Video 1. Stereotypy in ALD.

CASE 1. Stereotypical movements involving the face, neck, and upper extremities and inappropriate
laughter in a 10-year-old male. He presented with higher-order auditory and visual dysfunction and
language regression, followed by global impairment and seizures, along with a parieto-occipital pattern
of radiological involvement.
CASE 2. Stereotypical movements of the head (no-no type) in a 30-year-old male who presented with
impairment of attention, executive functions, memory along with emotional lability, and a frontal
pattern radiologically.
CASE 3. Stereotypical movements of the head (no-no type) in a 46-year-old male who presented with
inattentiveness, paranoid delusions, wandering, and apathy, progressing to an akinetic mute state with
a frontal pattern radiologically.

Video 2. A 23-year-old male with generalized dystonia, appendicular ataxia, and spastic-ataxic gait.