A Comparative Evaluates and Analyze the Microbiomes Component of the Vagina in Females with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)
Creators
- 1. Senior Resident, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Darbhanga, Bihar, India
- 2. Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Darbhanga, Bihar, India
- 3. Associate Professor and HOD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Darbhanga, Bihar, India
- 4. Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Darbhanga, Bihar, India
Description
Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate and analyze the microbiomes component of the vagina in females with polycystic ovarian syndrome PCOS, and compare it with that of healthy females. Methods: The present study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Darbhanga, Bihar, India for 1 year. A case-control study in which the microorganisms settling in the vaginal area was compared for two groups of women, the first group suffering from PCOS and the second group being the control group. The study included 100 females. Results: We compared the sociodemographic data, the mean age of PCOS patient is (27.3±951) while mean age of control group is (29.1±0.786), (4%) were smokers in PCOS group and (2%) in controls, the PCOS patient tends to be obese (mean of BMI is 27.3±4.26) while the mean of BMI for control group is (22.8±2.12). We found that there is significant difference in mean of the frequency of menstrual cycle between both study groups (5.6±1.7) and (11.5±1.6) respectively (p- value < 0.0001, 45 cases of total 50 PCOS cases were have oligomenorrhea while 1 out of 50 control group have oligomenorrhea. All PCOS cases had Ultrasound feature of polycystic ovaries while control group have no case have this feature; for biochemical and clinical feature of hyperandrogenism, p-value was significant between both study groups. Conclusion: There is large diversity in the vaginal microbiota with disruption to normal flora in PCOS affected patients so we need further studies to evaluate the relationship between the microbiota.
Abstract (English)
Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate and analyze the microbiomes component of the vagina in females with polycystic ovarian syndrome PCOS, and compare it with that of healthy females. Methods: The present study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital, Darbhanga, Bihar, India for 1 year. A case-control study in which the microorganisms settling in the vaginal area was compared for two groups of women, the first group suffering from PCOS and the second group being the control group. The study included 100 females. Results: We compared the sociodemographic data, the mean age of PCOS patient is (27.3±951) while mean age of control group is (29.1±0.786), (4%) were smokers in PCOS group and (2%) in controls, the PCOS patient tends to be obese (mean of BMI is 27.3±4.26) while the mean of BMI for control group is (22.8±2.12). We found that there is significant difference in mean of the frequency of menstrual cycle between both study groups (5.6±1.7) and (11.5±1.6) respectively (p- value < 0.0001, 45 cases of total 50 PCOS cases were have oligomenorrhea while 1 out of 50 control group have oligomenorrhea. All PCOS cases had Ultrasound feature of polycystic ovaries while control group have no case have this feature; for biochemical and clinical feature of hyperandrogenism, p-value was significant between both study groups. Conclusion: There is large diversity in the vaginal microbiota with disruption to normal flora in PCOS affected patients so we need further studies to evaluate the relationship between the microbiota.
Files
IJPCR,Vol14,Issue8,Article153.pdf
Files
(298.8 kB)
| Name | Size | Download all |
|---|---|---|
|
md5:1a19f7307d5096dbe637c129592489aa
|
298.8 kB | Preview Download |
Additional details
Dates
- Accepted
-
2022-07-29
Software
- Repository URL
- https://impactfactor.org/PDF/IJPCR/14/IJPCR,Vol14,Issue8,Article153.pdf
- Development Status
- Active
References
- 1. Goodarzi MO, Dumesic DA, Chazenbalk G, Azziz R. Polycystic ovary syndrome: etiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis. Nature reviews endocrinology. 2011 Apr;7(4): 219-31. 2. Lizneva D, Suturina L, Walker W, Brakta S, Gavrilova-Jordan L, Azziz R. Criteria, prevalence, and phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertility and sterility. 2016 Jul 1;106(1):6-15. 3. ChR M, Marshall JC. Clinical practice: Polycystic ovary syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2016;375(1):54-64. 4. Escobar-Morreale HF. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Definition, Aetiology, Diagnosis and Treatment. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2018; 14(5):270– 84. 5. Yildiz BO, Bozdag G, Yapici Z, Esinler I, Yarali H. Prevalence, Phenotype and Cardiometabolic Risk of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Under Different Diagnostic Criteria. Hum Reprod. 2012; 27(10):3067–73. 6. Zhou G, Gu Y, Zhou F, Zhang M, Zhang G, Wu L, Hua K, Ding J. The emerging roles and therapeutic potential of extracellular vesicles in infertility. Frontiers in Endocrinology. 2021;12.7. Shaikh FY, Sears CL. Messengers from the microbiota. Science. 2020 Sep 18;369(6510):1427-8. 8. Dominguez-Bello MG, GodoyVitorino F, Knight R, Blaser MJ. Role of the Microbiome in Human Develo - pment. Gut. 2019; 68(6):1108–14. 9. Rowland I, Gibson G, Heinken A, Scott K, Swann J, Thiele I, et al. Gut Microbiota Functions: Metabolism of Nutrients and Other Food Components. Eur J Nutr. 2018;57(1):1–24. 10. Belkaid Y, Hand TW. Role of the Microbiota in Immunity and Inflammation. Cell. 2014; 157(1):121– 41. 11. Kim M, Qie Y, Park J, Kim CH. Gut Microbial Metabolites Fuel Host Antibody Responses. Cell Host Microbe. 2016; 20(2):202–14. 12. Valdes AM, Walter J, Segal E, Spector TD. Role of the Gut Microbiota in Nutrition and Health. BMJ. 2018; 13 (361):2179. 13. Belkaid Y, Harrison OJ. Homeostatic Immunity and the Microbiota. Immunity. 2017; 46(4):562–76. 14. De Leo V, Musacchio MC, Cappelli V, Massaro MG, Morgante G, Petraglia FJ. Genetic, hormonal and metabolic aspects of PCOS: an update. Reproductive Biology and Endocrin - ology. 2016 Dec;14(1):1-7. 15. Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; 2018. Available from: https://www.monash.edu/__data/assets /pdf_file/0004/1412644/ PCOS _Evid ence-Based-Guidelines_20181009.pdf. 7. Teede HJ, Misso ML, Costello MF. Recommendations from the internatio - nal evidence-base 16. Teede H, Misso M, Costello M, Dokras A, Laven J, Moran L, Piltonen T, Norman R. International evidencebased guideline for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome 2018. Monash University; 2018. 17. Hong X, Qin P, Yin J, Shi Y, Xuan Y, Chen Z, Zhou X, Yu H, Peng D, Wang B. Clinical manifestations of polycystic ovary syndrome and associations with the vaginal microbiome: a cross-sectional based exploratory study. Frontiers in endocrinology. 2021 Apr 23; 12:6627 25. 18. Gundersen Health System, Standard Operating Procedure. Vitek 2 Compact –Identification and Susceptibility Testing; 2019. 19. Escobar-Morreale HF. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Definition, Aetiology, Diagnosis and Treatment. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2018; 14(5):270– 84. 20. Polak K, Czyzyk A, Simoncini T, Meczekalski B. New Markers of Insulin Resistance in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. J Endocrinol Invest. 2017; 40(1):1–8. 21. Zeng X, Xie YJ, Liu YT, Long SL, Mo ZC. Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: Correlation Between Hyperandroge nism, Insulin Resistance and Obesity. Clin Chim Acta. 2020; 502:214–21. 22. Ma B, Forney LJ, Ravel J. Vaginal microbiome: rethinking health and disease. Annual review of microbiology. 2012 Oct 13; 66:371-89. 23. Hong X, Qin P, Huang K, Ding X, Ma J, Xuan Y, Zhu X, Peng D, Wang B. Association between polycystic ovary syndrome and the vaginal microbiome: a case-control study. Clinical Endocrinology. 2020 Jul;93(1):52-60. 24. Tu Y, Zheng G, Ding G, Wu Y, Xi J, Ge Y, Gu H, Wang Y, Sheng J, Liu X, Jin L. Comparative analysis of lower genital tract microbiome between PCOS and healthy women. Frontiers in physiology. 2020 Sep 8; 11:1108. 25. Brotman RM, Ravel J, Bavoil PM, Gravitt PE, Ghanem KG. Microbiome, sex hormones, and immune responses in the reproductive tract: challenges for vaccine development against sexually transmitted infections. Vaccine. 2014 Mar 20; 32(14):1543-52.26. Wira CR, Patel MV, Ghosh M, Mukura L, Fahey JV. Innate immunity in the human female reproductive tract: endocrine regulation of endogenous antimicrobial protection against HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. American journal of reproductive immunology. 2011 Mar; 65(3):196-211. 27. Sabo MC, Lehman DA, Wang B, Richardson BA, Srinivasan S, Osborn L, Matemo D, Kinuthia J, Fiedler TL, Munch MM, Drake AL. Associations between vaginal bacteria implicated in HIV acquisition risk and proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Sexually transmitted infections. 2020 Feb 1; 96(1):3-9. 28. Goldsammler M, Merhi Z, Buyuk E. Role of hormonal and inflammatory alterations in obesity-related reproductive dysfunction at the level of the hypothalamic -pituitary-ovarian axis. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology. 2018 Dec;16(1):1-0. 29. Al-Rawee R., Al-Fathy D. M., & Bashir Alsabee, D. W. Delivering Integrated Health Care: Role and Importance of Multidisciplinary Team Clinic Role and Importance of Multidisciplinary Team Clinic in Nineveh Province. Journal of Medical Research and Health Sciences. 2022; 5(10): 2278–2294.