"AU","AF","TI","PY","SO","VL","PP","TC","DI","C1","AB","DE","ID","FU","FX","CR","RP","PU","LA","JI","DT","DB","UT","J9","AU_UN","AU1_UN","AU_UN_NR","SR_FULL","SR"
"HOKSRUD A;TORGALSEN T;HARSTAD H;HAUGEN S;ANDERSEN T;RISBERG M;BAHR R","HOKSRUD, AASNE (8533868300); TORGALSEN, THOMAS (55070850300); HARSTAD, HERLOF (15071337300); HAUGEN, SIMEN (15071550000); ANDERSEN, THOR EINAR (7201524414); RISBERG, MAY ARNA (6603553600); BAHR, ROALD (7102647460)","ULTRASOUNDGUIDED SCLEROSIS OF NEOVESSELS IN PATELLAR TENDINOPATHY A PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF 101 PATIENTS",2012,"AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE","40","5",54,"10.1177/0363546511433012","OSLO SPORTS TRAUMA RESEARCH CENTER, DEPARTMENT OF SPORTS MEDICINE, NORWEGIAN SCHOOL OF SPORT SCIENCES, 0806 OSLO, PO BOX 4014 ULLEVAAL STADION, NORWAY;HJELP24 NIMI, OSLO, NORWAY;SYKEHUSET VESTFOLD, STAVERN, NORWAY;SYKEHUSET VESTFOLD, STAVERN, NORWAY;OSLO SPORTS TRAUMA RESEARCH CENTER, DEPARTMENT OF SPORTS MEDICINE, NORWEGIAN SCHOOL OF SPORT SCIENCES, 0806 OSLO, PO BOX 4014 ULLEVAAL STADION, NORWAY;HJELP24 NIMI, OSLO, NORWAY, NAR, OSLO, NORWAY;OSLO SPORTS TRAUMA RESEARCH CENTER, DEPARTMENT OF SPORTS MEDICINE, NORWEGIAN SCHOOL OF SPORT SCIENCES, 0806 OSLO, PO BOX 4014 ULLEVAAL STADION, NORWAY","BACKGROUND: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED STUDY HAS SHOWN PROMISING CLINICAL RESULTS AFTER TREATMENT WITH SCLEROSING INJECTIONS IN A GROUP OF PATIENTS WITH PATELLAR TENDINOPATHY, BUT NO STUDY HAS INVESTIGATED MEDIUM- OR LONG-TERM OUTCOME IN A LARGE AND UNSELECTED GROUP OF PATIENTS. PURPOSE: TO INVESTIGATE IF SCLEROSING TREATMENT WOULD AFFECT THE LEVEL OF PATELLAR TENDON PAIN AND KNEE FUNCTION AFTER 24 MONTHS IN A LARGE GROUP OF PATIENTS WITH PATELLAR TENDINOPATHY. STUDY DESIGN: CASE SERIES; LEVEL OF EVIDENCE, 4. METHODS: THIS PROSPECTIVE STUDY RECRUITED PATIENTS WITH A CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS OF JUMPER'S KNEE AND VISIBLE NEOVASCULARIZATION CORRESPONDING TO THE PAINFUL AREA ON POWER DOPPLER ULTRASOUND. THEY RECEIVED UP TO A MAXIMUM OF 5 ULTRASOUND-GUIDED SCLEROSING INJECTIONS USING POLIDOCANOL AT 4- TO 6-WEEK INTERVALS. KNEE PAIN AND FUNCTION WERE RECORDED USING THE VICTORIAN INSTITUTE OF SPORT ASSESSMENT-PATELLA (VISA-P) SCORE BEFORE TREATMENT AND 6, 12, AND 24 MONTHS AFTER THE FIRST INJECTION.RESULTS: IN TOTAL, 101 PATIENTS (15 WOMEN AND 86 MEN) WITH 120 TENDONS WERE INCLUDED AND GIVEN FROM 1 TO 5 SCLEROSING INJECTIONS (MEAN [SD], 2.5 [0.9]). THE PATIENTS REPORTED A SIGNIFICANTLY IMPROVED VISA-P SCORE FROM BASELINE (MEAN, 39; 95% CONFIDENCE INTERVAL [CI], 36-42) TO THE 24-MONTH FOLLOW-UP (MEAN, 65; 95% CI, 60-70) (RANGE, 21-100; P <.001, PAIRED T TEST). HOWEVER, A VISA-P SCORE OF >95 POINTS WAS REPORTED IN ONLY 22 CASES (20%), WHEREAS 37 CASES (36%) REPORTED A VISA-P SCORE OF <50 AT 24 MONTHS. CONCLUSION: SCLEROSING TREATMENT WITH POLIDOCANOL RESULTED IN A MODERATE IMPROVEMENT IN KNEE FUNCTION AND REDUCED PAIN IN A HETEROGENEOUS GROUP OF PATIENTS WITH PATELLAR TENDINOPATHY. NEVERTHELESS, FEW OF THE PATIENTS WERE CURED, AND THE MAJORITY STILL HAD REDUCED FUNCTION AND SUBSTANTIAL PAIN AFTER 24 MONTHS OF FOLLOW-UP. © 2012 AMERICAN ORTHOPAEDIC SOCIETY FOR SPORTS MEDICINE.","JUMPER'S KNEE; NEOVASCULARIZATION; POLIDOCANOL; SCLEROSING TREATMENT","ADOLESCENT; ADULT; FATTY ALCOHOLS; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NEOVASCULARIZATION, PATHOLOGIC; PAIN; PAIN MANAGEMENT; PATELLAR LIGAMENT; SCLEROSING SOLUTIONS; SCLEROTHERAPY; TENDINOPATHY; TREATMENT OUTCOME; YOUNG ADULT; FATTY ALCOHOL; POLICOSANOL; SCLEROSING AGENT; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ANALGESIA; ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; ECHOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HUMAN; INJURY; MALE; METHODOLOGY; MIDDLE AGED; NEOVASCULARIZATION (PATHOLOGY); PAIN; PATELLA LIGAMENT; SCLEROTHERAPY; TENDINITIS; TREATMENT OUTCOME","","","ALFREDSON H., HARSTAD H., HAUGEN S., OHBERG L., SCLEROSING POLIDOCANOL INJECTIONS TO TREAT CHRONIC PAINFUL SHOULDER IMPINGEMENT SYNDROME-RESULTS OF A TWO-CENTRE COLLABORATIVE PILOT STUDY, KNEE SURGERY, SPORTS TRAUMATOLOGY, ARTHROSCOPY, 14, 12, PP. 1321-1326, (2006); ALFREDSON H., OHBERG L., NEOVASCULARISATION IN CHRONIC PAINFUL PATELLAR TENDINOSIS - PROMISING RESULTS AFTER SCLEROSING NEOVESSELS OUTSIDE THE TENDON CHALLENGE THE NEED FOR SURGERY, KNEE SURGERY, SPORTS TRAUMATOLOGY, ARTHROSCOPY, 13, 2, PP. 74-80, (2005); ALFREDSON H., OHBERG L., SCLEROSING INJECTIONS TO AREAS OF NEO-VASCULARISATION REDUCE PAIN IN CHRONIC ACHILLES TENDINOPATHY: A DOUBLE-BLIND RANDOMISED CONTROLLED TRIAL, KNEE SURGERY, SPORTS TRAUMATOLOGY, ARTHROSCOPY, 13, 4, PP. 338-344, (2005); ALFREDSON H., OHBERG L., ZEISIG E., LORENTZON R., TREATMENT OF MIDPORTION ACHILLES TENDINOSIS: SIMILAR CLINICAL RESULTS WITH US AND CD-GUIDED SURGERY OUTSIDE THE TENDON AND SCLEROSING POLIDOCANOL INJECTIONS, KNEE SURG SPORTS TRAUMATOL ARTHROSC, 15, PP. 1504-1509, (2007); ALMEKINDERS L.C., TEMPLE J.D., ETIOLOGY, DIAGNOSIS, AND TREATMENT OF TENDONITIS: AN ANALYSIS OF THE LITERATURE, MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE, 30, 8, PP. 1183-1190, (1998); BAHR R., FOSSAN B., LOKEN S., ENGEBRETSEN L., SURGICAL TREATMENT COMPARED WITH ECCENTRIC TRAINING FOR PATELLAR TENDINOPATHY (JUMPER'S KNEE): A RANDOMIZED, CONTROLLED TRIAL, JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY - SERIES A, 88, 8, PP. 1689-1698, (2006); CLEMENTSON M., LOREN I., DAHLBERG L., ASTROM M., SCLEROSING INJECTIONS IN MIDPORTION ACHILLES TENDINOPATHY: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF 25 PATIENTS, KNEE SURG SPORTS TRAUMATOL ARTHROSC, 16, PP. 887-890, (2008); COLEMAN B.D., KHAN K.M., MAFFULLI N., COOK J.L., WARK J.D., STUDIES OF SURGICAL OUTCOME AFTER PATELLAR TENDINOPATHY: CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF METHODOLOGICAL DEFICIENCIES AND GUIDELINES FOR FUTURE STUDIES. VICTORIAN INSTITUTE OF SPORT TENDON STUDY GROUP, SCAND J MED SCI SPORTS, 10, PP. 2-11, (2000); COOK J.L., KHAN K.M., HARCOURT P.R., GRANT M., YOUNG D.A., BONAR S.F., A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY OF 100 ATHLETES WITH JUMPER'S KNEE MANAGED CONSERVATIVELY AND SURGICALLY. THE VICTORIAN INSTITUTE OF SPORT TENDON STUDY GROUP, BR J SPORTS MED, 31, PP. 332-336, (1997); FREDBERG U., BOLVIG L., JUMPER'S KNEE: REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE, SCAND J MED SCI SPORTS, 9, PP. 66-73, (1999); HOKSRUD A., OHBERG L., ALFREDSON H., BAHR R., ULTRASOUND-GUIDED SCLEROSIS OF NEOVESSELS IN PAINFUL CHRONIC PATELLAR TENDINOPATHY: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL, AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE, 34, 11, PP. 1738-1746, (2006); HOKSRUD A.F., BAHR R., INJECTABLE AGENTS DERIVED FROM OR TARGETING VASCULARITY: HAS CLINICAL ACCEPTANCE IN MANAGING TENDON DISORDERS SUPERSEDED SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE?, J MUSCULOSKELET NEURONAL INTERACT, 11, PP. 174-184, (2011); LIAN O., HOLEN K.J., ENGEBRETSEN L., BAHR R., RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SYMPTOMS OF JUMPER'S KNEE AND THE ULTRASOUND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PATELLAR TENDON AMONG HIGH LEVEL MALE VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS, SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS, 6, 5, PP. 291-296, (1996); LIND B., OHBERG L., ALFREDSON H., SCLEROSING POLIDOCANOL INJECTIONS IN MID-PORTION ACHILLES TENDINOSIS: REMAINING GOOD CLINICAL RESULTS AND DECREASED TENDON THICKNESS AT 2-YEAR FOLLOW-UP, KNEE SURGERY, SPORTS TRAUMATOLOGY, ARTHROSCOPY, 14, 12, PP. 1327-1332, (2006); MAFFULLI N., LONGO U.G., DENARO V., NOVEL APPROACHES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF TENDINOPATHY, J BONE JOINT SURG AM, 92, PP. 2604-2613, (2010); MAGNUSSEN R.A., DUNN W.R., THOMSON A.B., NONOPERATIVE TREATMENT OF MIDPORTION ACHILLES TENDINOPATHY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW, CLIN J SPORT MED, 19, PP. 54-64, (2009); OHBERG L., ALFREDSON H., SCLEROSING THERAPY IN CHRONIC ACHILLES TENDON INSERTIONAL PAIN-RESULTS OF A PILOT STUDY, KNEE SURGERY, SPORTS TRAUMATOLOGY, ARTHROSCOPY, 11, 5, PP. 339-343, (2003); OHBERG L., ALFREDSON H., KHAN K., ULTRASOUND GUIDED SCLEROSIS OF NEOVESSELS IN PAINFUL CHRONIC ACHILLES TENDINOSIS: PILOT STUDY OF A NEW TREATMENT, BR J SPORTS MED, 36, PP. 173-177, (2002); RABAGO D., BEST T.M., ZGIERSKA A.E., ZEISIG E., RYAN M., CRANE D., A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF FOUR INJECTION THERAPIES FOR LATERAL EPICONDYLOSIS: PROLOTHERAPY, POLIDOCANOL, WHOLE BLOOD AND PLATELET-RICH PLASMA, BR J SPORTS MED, 43, PP. 471-481, (2009); VAN STERKENBURG M.N., DE JONGE M.C., SIEREVELT I.N., VAN DIJK C.N., LESS PROMISING RESULTS WITH SCLEROSING ETHOXYSCLEROL INJECTIONS FOR MIDPORTION ACHILLES TENDINOPATHY: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY, AM J SPORTS MED, 38, PP. 2226-2232, (2010); VISENTINI P.J., KHAN K.M., COOK J.L., KISS Z.S., HARCOURT P.R., WARK J.D., THE VISA SCORE: AN INDEX OF SEVERITY OF SYMPTOMS IN PATIENTS WITH JUMPER'S KNEE (PATELLAR TENDINOSIS). VICTORIAN INSTITUTE OF SPORT TENDON STUDY GROUP, J SCI MED SPORT, 1, PP. 22-28, (1998); VISNES H., BAHR R., THE EVOLUTION OF ECCENTRIC TRAINING AS TREATMENT FOR PATELLAR TENDINOPATHY (JUMPER'S KNEE): A CRITICAL REVIEW OF EXERCISE PROGRAMMES, BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE, 41, 4, PP. 217-223, (2007); VISNES H., HOKSRUD A., COOK J., BAHR R., NO EFFECT OF ECCENTRIC TRAINING ON JUMPER'S KNEE IN VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS DURING THE COMPETITIVE SEASON: A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL, CLIN J SPORT MED, 15, PP. 227-234, (2005); WILLBERG L., SUNDING K., OHBERG L., FORSSBLAD M., FAHLSTROM M., ALFREDSON H., SCLEROSING INJECTIONS TO TREAT MIDPORTION ACHILLES TENDINOSIS: A RANDOMISED CONTROLLED STUDY EVALUATING TWO DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF POLIDOCANOL, KNEE SURG SPORTS TRAUMATOL ARTHROSC, 16, PP. 859-864, (2008); ZEISIG E., FAHLSTROM M., OHBERG L., ALFREDSON H., PAIN RELIEF AFTER INTRATENDINOUS INJECTIONS IN PATIENTS WITH TENNIS ELBOW: RESULTS OF A RANDOMISED STUDY, BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE, 42, 4, PP. 267-271, (2008); ZEISIG E., OHBERG L., ALFREDSON H., SCLEROSING POLIDOCANOL INJECTIONS IN CHRONIC PAINFUL TENNIS ELBOW-PROMISING RESULTS IN A PILOT STUDY, KNEE SURGERY, SPORTS TRAUMATOLOGY, ARTHROSCOPY, 14, 11, PP. 1218-1224, (2006)","A. HOKSRUD; OSLO SPORTS TRAUMA RESEARCH CENTER, DEPARTMENT OF SPORTS MEDICINE, NORWEGIAN SCHOOL OF SPORT SCIENCES, 0806 OSLO, PO BOX 4014 ULLEVAAL STADION, NORWAY; EMAIL: AASNE.HOKSRUD@NIH.NO","","ENGLISH","AM. J. SPORTS MED.","REVIEW","ISI","2-S2.0-84857986849","AM J SPORTS MED","NORWEGIAN SCHOOL OF SPORT SCIENCES;NORWEGIAN SCHOOL OF SPORT SCIENCES;NORWEGIAN SCHOOL OF SPORT SCIENCES","NOTREPORTED;NORWEGIAN SCHOOL OF SPORT SCIENCES;NOTREPORTED",NA,"HOKSRUD A, 2012, AM J SPORTS MED","HOKSRUD A, 2012, AM J SPORTS MED"
"","","POLICOSANOL",2004,"ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE REVIEW","9","5",10,"","","[NO ABSTRACT AVAILABLE]","","ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ACIPIMOX; ATORVASTATIN; MEVINOLIN; PLANT EXTRACT; POLICOSANOL; PRAVASTATIN; PROBUCOL; SIMVASTATIN; TICLOPIDINE; BIOCHEMISTRY; BODY WEIGHT DISORDER; BULIMIA; CLINICAL TRIAL; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG INDICATION; DRUG INTERACTION; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG NUTRIENT INTERACTION; DRUG STRUCTURE; HUMAN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; INSOMNIA; INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; LOW DRUG DOSE; NONHUMAN; NUTRIENT; PHYTOTHERAPY; PLANT PRODUCT; POLYURIA; REVIEW; SUGARCANE; WEIGHT REDUCTION","","","ARRUZAZABALA M.L., NOA M., MENENDEZ R., ET AL., PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON ATHEROSCLEROTIC LESIONS IN RABBITS WITH EXOGENOUS HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, BRAZ J MED BIOL RES, 33, PP. 835-840, (2000); MENENDEZ R., AMOR A.M., GONZALEZ R., ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON THE HEPATIC CHOLESTEROL BIOSYNTHESIS OF NORMOCHOLESTEROLEMIC RATS, BIOL RES, 29, PP. 253-257, (1996); MENENDEZ R., AMOR A.M., RODEIRO I., ET AL., POLICOSANOL MODULATES HMG-COA REDUCTASE ACTIVITY IN CULTURED FIBROBLASTS, ARCH MED RES, 32, PP. 8-12, (2001); MENENDEZ R., FERNANDEZ S.I., DEL RIO A., ET AL., POLICOSANOL INHIBITS CHOLESTEROL BIOSYNTHESIS AND ENHANCES LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN PROCESSING IN CULTURED HUMAN FIBROBLASTS, BIOL RES, 27, PP. 199-203, (1994); MENENDEZ R., FRAGA V., AMOR M.A., ET AL., ORAL ADMINISTRATION OF POLICOSANOL INHIBITS IN VITRO COPPER ION-INDUCED RAT LIPOPROTEIN PEROXIDATION, PHYSIOL BEHAV, 67, PP. 1-7, (1999); MENENDEZ R., MAS R., AMOR M.A., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL TREATMENT ON THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN (LDL) ISOLATED FROM HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS TO OXIDATIVE MODIFICATION IN VITRO, BR J CLIN PHARMACOL, 50, PP. 255-262, (2000); NOA M., MAS R., MESA R., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON INTIMAL THICKENING IN RABBIT CUFFED CAROTID ARTERY, INT J CARDIOL, 67, PP. 125-132, (1998); NOA M., MAS R., MESA R., A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF POLICOSANOL VS. LOVASTATIN ON INTIMAL THICKENING IN RABBIT CUFFED CAROTID ARTERY, PHARMACOL RES, 43, PP. 31-37, (2001); CARBAJAL D., ARRUZAZABALA M.L., VALDES S., MAS R., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON PLATELET AGGREGATION AND SERUM LEVELS OF ARACHIDONIC ACID METABOLITES IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, PROSTAGLANDINS LEUKOT ESSENT FATTY ACIDS, 58, PP. 61-64, (1998); CASTANO G., MAS R., ARRUZAZABALA M., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL AND PRAVASTATIN ON LIPID PROFILE, PLATELET AGGREGATION AND ENDOTHELEMIA IN OLDER HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC PATIENTS, INT J CLIN PHARMACOL RES, 29, PP. 105-116, (1999); VALDES S., ARRUZAZABALA M.I., FERNANDEZ L., ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON PLATELET AGGREGATION IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, INT J CLIN PHARMACOL RES, 16, PP. 67-72, (1996); ARRUZAZABALA M.L., VALDES S., MAS L., ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL SUCCESSIVE DOSE INCREASE ON PLATELET AGGREGATION IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, PHARMACOL RES, 34, PP. 181-185, (1996); ARRUZAZABALA M.L., VALDES S., MAS R., ET AL., COMPARATIVE STUDY OF POLICOSANOL, AND THE COMBINATION THERAPY POLICOSANOL-ASPIRIN ON PLATELET AGGREGATION IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, PHARMACOL RES, 36, PP. 293-297, (1997); ARRUZAZABALA M.L., MAS R., MOLINA V., ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON PLATELET AGGREGATION IN TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC PATIENTS, INT J TISSUE REACT, 20, PP. 119-124, (1998); PONS P., MAS R., ILLNAIT J., ET AL., EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF POLICOSANOL IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 52, PP. 507-513, (1992); ANEIROS E., CALDERON B., MAS R., ET AL., EFFECT OF SUCCESSIVE DOSE INCREASES OF POLICOSANOL ON THE LIPID PROFILE AND TOLERABILITY OF TREATMENT, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 54, PP. 304-312, (1993); PONS P., RODRIGUEZ M., MAS R., ET AL., ONE-YEAR EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF POLICOSANOL IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 55, PP. 1084-1092, (1994); PONS P., RODRIQUEZ M., ROBAINA C., ET AL., EFFECTS OF SUCCESSIVE DOSE INCREASES OF POLICOSANOL ON THE LIPID PROFILE OF PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA AND TOLERABILITY TO TREATMENT, INT J CLIN PHARMACOL RES, 14, PP. 27-33, (1994); CANETTI M., MOREIRA M., ILLNAIT J., ET AL., ONE-YEAR STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON LIPID PROFILE IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, ADV THER, 12, PP. 245-254, (1995); ANEIROS E., MAS R., CALDERON B., ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL IN LOWERING CHOLESTEROL LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 56, PP. 176-182, (1995); CASTANO G., MAS R., NODARSE M., ET AL., ONE-YEAR STUDY OF THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF POLICOSANOL (5 MG TWICE DAILY) IN THE TREATMENT OF TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 56, PP. 296-304, (1995); CANETTI M., MOREIRA M., MAS R., ET AL., A TWO-YEAR STUDY ON THE EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF POLICOSANOL IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA, INT J CLIN PHARMACOL RES, 15, PP. 159-165, (1995); CASTANO G., CANETTI M., MOREIRA M., ET AL., EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF POLICOSANOL IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA: A 12-MONTH STUDY, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 56, PP. 819-827, (1995); CASTANO G., TULA L., CANETTI M., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 57, PP. 691-699, (1996); BATISTA J., STUSSER R., SAEZ F., PEREZ B., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON HYPERLIPIDEMIA AND CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN MIDDLE-AGED PATIENTS. A 14-MONTH PILOT STUDY, INT J CLIN PHARMACOL THER, 34, PP. 134-137, (1996); MAS R., CASTANO G., ILLNAIT J., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA AND ADDITIONAL CORONARY RISK FACTORS, CLIN PHARMACOL THER, 65, PP. 439-447, (1999); CASTANO G., MAS R., FERNANDEZ J.C., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL IN OLDER PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA AND HIGH CORONARY RISK, J GERONTOL, 56 A, (2001); CASTANO G., MAS R., FERNANDEZ L., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL 20 VERSUS 40 MG/DAY IN THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA: A 6-MONTH DOUBLE-BLIND STUDY, INT J CLIN PHARMACOL RES, 21, PP. 43-57, (2001); CASTANO G., MAS R., FERNANDEZ J.C., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL ON OLDER PATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION AND TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLAEMIA, DRUGS R D, 3, PP. 159-172, (2002); CRESPO N., ALVAREZ R., MAS R., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL ON PATIENTS WITH NON-INSULIN-DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS AND HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA: A PILOT STUDY, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 58, PP. 44-51, (1997); TORRES O., AGRAMONTE A., ILLNAIT J., ET AL., TREATMENT OF HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA IN NIDDM WITH POLICOSANOL, DIABETES CARE, 18, PP. 393-397, (1995); CRESPO N., ILLNAIT J., MAS R., ET AL., COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF POLICOSANOL AND LOVASTATIN IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA AND NONINSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS, INT J CLIN PHARMACOL RES, 29, PP. 117-127, (1999); CASTANO G., MAS R., FERNANDEZ L., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL AND LOVASTATIN IN PATIENTS WITH INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION: A DOUBLE-BLIND COMPARATIVE PILOT STUDY, ANGIOLOGY, 54, PP. 25-38, (2003); CASTANO G., MAS R., FERNANDEZ L., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL ON POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, GYNECOL ENDOCRINOL, 14, PP. 187-195, (2000); MIRKIN A., MAS R., MARTINTO M., ET AL., EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF POLICOSANOL IN HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN, INT J CLIN PHARMACOL RES, 21, PP. 31-41, (2001); ORTENSI G., GLADSTEIN J., VALLI H., TESONE P.A., A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF POLICOSANOL VERSUS SIMVASTATIN IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 58, PP. 390-401, (1997); ILLNAIT J., CASTANO G., MAS R., FERNANDEZ J.C., A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF POLICOSANOL AND SIMVASTATIN FOR TREATING TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CAN J CARDIOL, 13, (1997); BENITEZ M., ROMERO C., MAS R., ET AL., A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF POLICOSANOL VERSUS PRAVASTATIN IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 58, PP. 859-867, (1997); CASTANO G., MAS R., FERNANDEZ J.C., ET AL., EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF POLICOSANOL COMPARED WITH LOVASTATIN IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA AND CONCOMITANT CORONARY RISK FACTORS, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 61, PP. 137-146, (2000); PONS P., ILLNAIT J., MAS R., ET AL., A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF POLICOSANOL VERSUS PROBUCOL IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 58, PP. 26-35, (1997); ALCOCER L., FERNANDEZ L., COMPOS E., MAS R., A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF POLICOSANOL VERSUS ACIPIMOX IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, INT J TISSUE REACT, 21, PP. 85-92, (1999); CASTANO G., MAS R., FERNANDEZ L., ET AL., COMPARISON OF THE EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF POLICOSANOL WITH ATORVASTATIN IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLAEMIA, DRUGS AGING, 20, PP. 153-163, (2003); ZARDOYA R., TULA L., CASTANO G., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL ON HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC PATIENTS WITH ABNORMAL SERUM BIOCHEMICAL INDICATORS OF HEPATIC FUNCTION, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 57, PP. 568-577, (1996); CASTANO G., MAS R., ROCA J., ET AL., A DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL IN PATIENTS WITH INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION, ANGIOLOGY, 50, PP. 123-130, (1999); CASTANO G., MAS R., FERNANDEZ L., ET AL., A LONG-TERM STUDY OF POLICOSANOL IN THE TREATMENT OF INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION, ANGIOLOGY, 52, PP. 115-125, (2001); CASTANO G., MAS R., GAMEZ R., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL AND TICLOPIDINE IN PATIENTS WITH INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION: A DOUBLE-BLINDED PILOT COMPARATIVE STUDY, ANGIOLOGY, 55, PP. 361-371, (2004); BATISTA J., STRUSSER R., PADRON R., ET AL., FUNCTIONAL IMPROVEMENT IN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE AFTER 20 MONTHS OF LIPID-LOWERING THERAPY WITH POLICOSANOL, ADV THER, 13, PP. 137-148, (1996); STUSSER R., BATISTA J., PADRON R., ET AL., LONG-TERM THERAPY WITH POLICOSANOL IMPROVES TREADMILL EXERCISE-ECG TESTING PERFORMANCE OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE PATIENTS, INT J CLIN PHARMACOL THER, 36, PP. 469-473, (1998); BATISTA J., STUSSER R., PENICHET M., UGUET E., DOPPLER-ULTRASOUND PILOT STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF LONG-TERM POLICOSANOL THERAPY ON CAROTID-VERTEBRAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 56, PP. 906-914, (1995); FERNANDEZ L., MAS R., ILLNAIT J., FERNANDEZ J.C., POLICOSANOL: RESULTS OF A POSTMARKETING SURVEILLANCE STUDY OF 27,879 PATIENTS, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 59, PP. 717-722, (1998); CELIA A.L., MAS R., HERNANDEZ C., ET AL., A 12-MONTH STUDY OF POLICOSANOL ORAL TOXICITY IN SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS, TOXICOL LETT, 70, PP. 77-87, (1994); ALEMAN C.L., MAS R., NOA M., ET AL., CARCINOGENICITY OF POLICOSANOL IN SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS: A 24 MONTH STUDY, TERATOG CARCINOG MUTAGEN, 14, PP. 239-249, (1994); MESA A.R., MAS R., NOA M., ET AL., TOXICITY OF POLICOSANOL IN BEAGLE DOGS: ONE-YEAR STUDY, TOXICOL LETT, 73, PP. 81-90, (1994); RODREGUEZ-ECHENIGUE C., MESA R., MAS R., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL CHRONICALLY ADMINISTERED IN MALE MONKEYS (MACACA ARCTOIDES), FOOD CHEM TOXICOL, 32, PP. 565-575, (1994); ALEMAN C.L., NOA M., ELIAS E.C., ET AL., CARCINOGENICITY OF POLICOSANOL IN MICE: AN 18-MONTH STUDY, FOOD CHEM TOXICOL, 33, PP. 573-578, (1995); RODRIGUEZ M.D., GARCIA H., EVALUATION OF PERI-AND POST-NATAL TOXICITY OF POLICOSANOL IN RATS, TERATOG CARCINOG MUTAGEN, 18, PP. 1-7, (1998); RODRIGUEZ M.D., GARCIA H., TERATOGENIC AND REPRODUCTIVE STUDIES OF POLICOSANOL IN THE RAT AND RABBIT, TERATOG CARCINOG MUTAGEN, 14, PP. 107-113, (1994); RODRIGUEZ M.D., SANCHEZ M., GARCIA H., MULTIGENERATION REPRODUCTION STUDY OF POLICOSANOL IN RATS, TOXICOL LETT, 90, PP. 97-106, (1997)","","THORNE RESEARCH INC.","ENGLISH","ALTERN. MED. REV.","REVIEW","ISI","2-S2.0-4644227274","ALTERN MED REV",NA,"NOTREPORTED",NA,"NA, 2004, ALTERN MED REV","NA, 2004, ALTERN MED REV"
"ASIKIN Y;TAKAHASHI M;HIROSE N;HOU D;TAKARA K;WADA K","ASIKIN, YONATHAN (35092077000); TAKAHASHI, MAKOTO (56287823400); HIROSE, NAOTO (24474914200); HOU, DE-XING (7103150875); TAKARA, KENSAKU (7005621893); WADA, KOJI (7401668452)","WAX POLICOSANOL AND LONGCHAIN ALDEHYDES OF DIFFERENT SUGARCANE SACCHARUM OFFICINARUM L CULTIVARS",2012,"EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF LIPID SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY","114","8",50,"10.1002/ejlt.201100300","UNITED GRADUATE SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE, KAGOSHIMA UNIVERSITY, KAGOSHIMA, JAPAN;FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, DEPARTMENT OF BIOSCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF THE RYUKYUS, OKINAWA, JAPAN;OKINAWA PREFECTURAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH CENTER, OKINAWA, JAPAN;UNITED GRADUATE SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE, KAGOSHIMA UNIVERSITY, KAGOSHIMA, JAPAN, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, KAGOSHIMA UNIVERSITY, KAGOSHIMA, JAPAN;UNITED GRADUATE SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE, KAGOSHIMA UNIVERSITY, KAGOSHIMA, JAPAN, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, DEPARTMENT OF BIOSCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF THE RYUKYUS, OKINAWA, JAPAN;UNITED GRADUATE SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE, KAGOSHIMA UNIVERSITY, KAGOSHIMA, JAPAN, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, DEPARTMENT OF BIOSCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF THE RYUKYUS, OKINAWA, JAPAN","SUGARCANE (SACCHARUM OFFICINARUM L.) WAX THAT CONTAINS POLICOSANOL (A MIXTURE OF LONG-CHAIN ALCOHOLS), IS WIDELY KNOWN TO HAVE BENEFICIAL EFFECTS ON HUMAN HEALTH. IN ORDER TO INVESTIGATE DIFFERENCES IN THE COMPOSITION AND CONTENT OF SUGARCANE WAX IN DIFFERENT SUGARCANE CULTIVARS, THE WAX, POLICOSANOL, AND LONG-CHAIN ALDEHYDE COMPOSITION OF EIGHT SUGARCANE CULTIVARS WERE EXAMINED. THE WAX COMPOSITION OF SUGARCANE WAS ANALYZED USING HPLC COUPLED WITH AN EVAPORATIVE LIGHT SCATTERING DETECTOR (ELSD). SUGARCANE WAXES WERE COMPRISED OF 55-60% ALDEHYDE AND STEROL ESTERS, 32-40% ALCOHOL, AND SMALL AMOUNTS OF TAG, ACID, AND PLANT STEROLS. ADDITIONALLY, THE COMPOSITION OF POLICOSANOL AND LONG-CHAIN ALDEHYDES WAS DETERMINED USING GC-FID AND THEIR MASS FRAGMENT COMPOUNDS WERE IDENTIFIED USING GC-MS. THE HIGHEST CONTENT OF POLICOSANOL AND LONG-CHAIN ALDEHYDE COMPOUNDS (500MG AND 600MG/100G RIND, RESPECTIVELY), WAS FOUND IN THE HAND-PEELED RIND OF THE NI 22 SUGARCANE CULTIVAR. THE CONTENT OF THESE COMPOUNDS INCREASED UP TO 72% DURING SUGARCANE MATURATION FROM OCTOBER TO JANUARY. THIS STUDY INDICATED THAT THE COMPOSITION AND CONTENT OF WAX, POLICOSANOL, AND LONG-CHAIN ALDEHYDES MAY VARY DEPENDING ON THE CULTIVAR OF THE SUGARCANE AND THE SPECIFIC PART OF THE SUGARCANE ANALYZED, AS WELL AS ON THE DEGREE OF SUGARCANE MATURITY. © 2012 WILEY-VCH VERLAG GMBH & CO. KGAA, WEINHEIM.","DEGREE OF MATURITY; LONG-CHAIN ALDEHYDE; POLICOSANOL; SUGARCANE CULTIVARS; WAX COMPOSITION","SACCHARUM OFFICINARUM","JAPAN SOCIETY FOR THE PROMOTION OF SCIENCE, JSPS, (23500932)","","NUISSIER G., BOURGEOIS P., GRIGNON-DUBOIS M., PARDON P., LESCURE M.H., COMPOSITION OF SUGARCANE WAXES IN RUM FACTORY WASTES, PHYTOCHEMISTRY, 61, PP. 721-726, (2002); PHUKAN A.C., BORUAH R.K., EXTRACTION AND EVALUATION OF MICROCRYSTALLINE WAX FROM PRESS MUD WASTE OF THE SUGAR INDUSTRY, SEP. PURIF. TECHNOL., 17, PP. 189-194, (1999); TAMAKI H., MAN S.L., OHTA Y., KATSUYAMA N., CHINEN I., INHIBITION OF OSTEOPOROSIS IN RATS FED WITH SUGAR CANE WAX, BIOSCI. BIOTECHNOL. BIOCHEM., 67, PP. 423-425, (2003); ARRUZAZABALA M.L., MOLINA V., MAS R., FERNANDEZ L., ET AL., ANTIPLATELET EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL (20 AND 40MG/DAY) IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS AND DYSLIPIDAEMIC PATIENTS, CLIN. EXP. PHARMACOL. P, 29, PP. 891-897, (2002); NOA M., MAS R., PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE ON AORTAS IN MONKEYS, ARCH. MED. RES., 36, PP. 441-447, (2005); SINGH D.K., LI L., PORTER T.D., POLICOSANOL INHIBITS CHOLESTEROL SYNTHESIS IN HEPATOMA CELLS BY ACTIVATION OF AMP-KINASE, J. PHARMACOL. EXP. THER., 318, PP. 1020-1026, (2006); CUBEDDU L.X., CUBEDDU R.J., HEIMOWITZ T., RESTREPO B., ET AL., COMPARATIVE LIPID-LOWERING EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL AND ATORVASTATIN: A RANDOMIZED, PARALLEL, DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL, AM. HEART J., 152, (2006); FRANCINI-PESENTI F., BELTRAMOLLI D., DALL'ACQUA S., BROCADELLO F., EFFECT OF SUGAR CANE POLICOSANOL ON LIPID PROFILE IN PRIMARY HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, PHYTOTHER. RES., 22, PP. 318-322, (2008); WANG L., WELLER C.L., SCHLEGEL V.L., CARR T.P., CUPPETT S.L., COMPARISON OF SUPERCRITICAL CO<SUB>2</SUB> AND HEXANE EXTRACTION OF LIPIDS FROM SORGHUM DISTILLERS GRAINS, EUR. J. LIPID SCI. TECHNOL., 109, PP. 567-574, (2007); CRAVOTTO G., BINELLO A., MERIZZI G., AVOGADRO M., IMPROVING SOLVENT-FREE EXTRACTION OF POLICOSANOL FROM RICE BRAN BY HIGH-INTENSITY ULTRASOUND TREATMENT, EUR. J. LIPID SCI. TECHNOL., 106, PP. 147-151, (2004); CHEN Y., DUNFORD N.T., EDWARDS J., CARVER B., GOAD C., POLICOSANOL CONTENT AND COMPOSITION OF WHEAT VARIETIES AS AFFECTED BY ENVIRONMENT, J. SCI. FOOD AGRIC., 89, PP. 310-314, (2009); CHERIF A.O., MESSAOUDA M.B., KAABI B., BOUKHCHINA S., ET AL., COMPARISON OF THE CONCENTRATIONS OF LONG-CHAIN ALCOHOLS (POLICOSANOL) IN THREE TUNISIAN PEANUT VARIETIES (ARACHIS HYPOGAEA L.), J. AGRIC. FOOD CHEM., 58, PP. 12143-12148, (2010); DE LUCAS A., GARCIA A., ALVAREZ A., GRACIA I., SUPERCRITICAL EXTRACTION OF LONG CHAIN N-ALCOHOLS FROM SUGAR CANE CRUDE WAX, J. SUPERCRIT. FLUIDS, 41, PP. 267-271, (2007); HWANG K.T., WELLER C.L., CUPPETT S.L., HANNA M.A., CHANGES IN COMPOSITION AND THERMAL TRANSITION TEMPERATURES OF GRAIN SORGHUM WAX DURING STORAGE, IND. CROP PROD., 19, PP. 125-132, (2004); JANSEN B., NIEROP K.G.J., HAGEMAN J.A., CLEEF A.M., VERSTRATEN J.M., THE STRAIGHT-CHAIN LIPID BIOMARKER COMPOSITION OF PLANT SPECIES RESPONSIBLE FOR THE DOMINANT BIOMASS PRODUCTION ALONG TWO ALTITUDINAL TRANSECTS IN THE ECUADORIAN ANDES, ORG. GEOCHEM., 37, PP. 1514-1536, (2006); HANSJAKOB A., BISCHOF S., BRINGMANN G., RIEDERER M., HILDEBRANDT U., VERY-LONG-CHAIN ALDEHYDES PROMOTE IN VITRO PREPENETRATION PROCESSES OF BLUMERIA GRAMINIS IN A DOSE- AND CHAIN LENGTH-DEPENDENT MANNER, NEW PHYTOL., 188, PP. 1039-1054, (2010); TAKAGI H., SATO M., MATSUOKA M., (2005); HWANG K.T., CUPPETT S.L., WELLER C.L., HANNA M.A., SHOEMAKER R.K., ALDEHYDES IN GRAIN SORGHUM WAX, J. AM. OIL CHEM. SOC., 79, PP. 529-533, (2002); ADHIKARI P., HWANG K.T., PARK J.N., KIM C.K., POLICOSANOL CONTENT AND COMPOSITION IN PERILLA SEEDS, J. AGRIC. FOOD CHEM., 54, PP. 5359-5362, (2006); PEREZ-CAMINO M.C., MOREDA W., MATEOS R., CERT A., SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF LONG-CHAIN ALIPHATIC ALDEHYDE AND WAXES IN OLIVE OILS, J. CHROMATOGR., A, 983, PP. 283-288, (2003); ASIKIN Y., CHINEN T., TAKARA K., WADA K., DETERMINATION OF LONG-CHAIN ALCOHOL AND ALDEHYDE CONTENTS IN THE NON-CENTRIFUGED CANE SUGAR KOKUTO, FOOD SCI. TECHNOL. RES., 14, PP. 583-588, (2008); PURCELL D.E., LEONARD G.J., O'SHEA M.G., KOKOT S., A CHEMOMETRICS INVESTIGATION OF SUGARCANE PLANT PROPERTIES BASED ON THE MOLECULAR COMPOSITION OF EPICUTICULAR WAX, CHEMOMETR. INTELL. LAB., 76, PP. 135-147, (2005); GEORGES P., SYLVESTRE M., RUEGGER H., BOURGEOIS P., KETOSTEROIDS AND HYDROXYKETOSTEROIDS, MINOR METABOLITES OF SUGARCANE WAX, STEROIDS, 71, PP. 647-652, (2006); IRMAK S., DUNFORD N.T., MILLIGAN J., POLICOSANOL CONTENTS OF BEESWAX, SUGAR CANE AND WHEAT EXTRACTS, FOOD CHEM., 95, PP. 312-318, (2006); DOMINGUEZ E., HEREDIA A., WAXES A., A FORGOTTEN TOPIC IN LIPID TEACHING, BIOCHEM. EDUC., 26, PP. 315-316, (1998); KOCH K., HARTMANN K.D., SCHREIBER L., BARTHLOTT W., NEINHUIS C., INFLUENCES OF AIR HUMIDITY DURING THE CULTIVATION OF PLANTS ON WAX CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, MORPHOLOGY AND LEAF SURFACE WETTABILITY, ENVIRON. EXP. BOT., 56, PP. 1-9, (2006); SAKOUHI F., BOUKHCHINA S., ABSALON C., FOUQUET E., KALLEL H., POLICOSANOL CHARACTERIZATION AND ACCUMULATION DURING RIPENING OF TUNISIAN OLEA EUROPAEA L. FRUITS, EUR. J. LIPID SCI. TECHNOL., 112, PP. 373-379, (2010); MARRISON III W.B., HOLSER R., AKIN D.E., CUTICULAR WAX FROM FLAX PROCESSING WASTE WITH HEXANE AND SUPER CRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE EXTRACTIONS, IND. CROP PROD., 24, PP. 119-122, (2006); REISIGE K., GORZELANNY C., DANIELS U., MOERSCHBACHER B.M., THE C28 ALDEHYDE OCTACOSANAL IS A MORPHOGENETICALLY ACTIVE COMPONENT INVOLVED IN HOST PLANT RECOGNITION AND INFECTION STRUCTURE DIFFERENTIATION IN THE WHEAT STEM RUST FUNGUS, PHYSIOL. MOL. PLANT M., 68, PP. 33-40, (2006); RUTHERFORD R.S., VAN STADEN J., TOWARDS A RAPID NEAR-INFRARED TECHNIQUE FOR PREDICTION OF RESISTANCE TO SUGARCANE BORER ELDANA SACCHARINA WALKER (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE) USING STALK SURFACE WAX, J. CHEM. ECOL., 22, PP. 681-694, (1996); HARRABI S., BOUKHCHINA S., MAYER P.M., KALLEL H., POLICOSANOL DISTRIBUTION AND ACCUMULATION IN DEVELOPING CORN KERNELS, FOOD CHEM., 115, PP. 918-923, (2009); RAVINDRANATH S.V., UPPUGUNDLA N., LAY J.O., CLAUSEN E.C., ET AL., POLICOSANOL, Α-TOCOPHEROL, AND MOISTURE CONTENT AS A FUNCTION OF TIMING OF HARVEST OF SWITCHGRASS (PANICUM VIRGATUM L.), J. AGRIC. FOOD CHEM., 57, PP. 3500-3505, (2009)","K. WADA; FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, UNIVERSITY OF THE RYUKYUS, NISHIHARA, OKINAWA 903-0213, 1 SENBARU, JAPAN; EMAIL: KOJIWADA@AGR.U-RYUKYU.AC.JP","","ENGLISH","EUR. J. LIPID SCI. TECHNOL.","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-84861136024","EUR J LIPID SCI TECHNOL","KAGOSHIMA UNIVERSITY;UNIVERSITY OF THE RYUKYUS;OKINAWA PREFECTURAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH CENTER;KAGOSHIMA UNIVERSITY;KAGOSHIMA UNIVERSITY;KAGOSHIMA UNIVERSITY","NOTREPORTED;UNIVERSITY OF THE RYUKYUS;NOTREPORTED",NA,"ASIKIN Y, 2012, EUR J LIPID SCI TECHNOL","ASIKIN Y, 2012, EUR J LIPID SCI TECHNOL"
"CANETTI M;MOREIRA M;MÁS R;ILLNAIT J;FERNÁNDEZ L;FERNÁNDEZ J","CANETTI, M. MIGUEL (7004415986); MOREIRA, MARTA (9433321400); MÁS, ROSA (7007164572); ILLNAIT, JOSÉ (8631465800); FERNÁNDEZ, LILIA (7202848319); FERNÁNDEZ, JULIO C. (9432805500)","EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL ON PRIMARY HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA A 3YEAR OPENEXTENSION FOLLOWUP",1997,"CURRENT THERAPEUTIC RESEARCH - CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL","58","7",29,"10.1016/S0011-393X(97)80053-7","SALVADOR ALLENDE HOSPITAL, HAVANA CITY, CUBA;NATL. CENTER FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, HAVANA CITY, CUBA;NATL. CENTER FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, HAVANA CITY, CUBA, CENTER OF NATURAL PRODUCTS, NATL. CENTER FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, HAVANA, P.O. BOX 6990, CUBA;NATL. CENTER FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, HAVANA CITY, CUBA;NATL. CENTER FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, HAVANA CITY, CUBA;NATL. CENTER FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, HAVANA CITY, CUBA","POLICOSANOL IS A NEW CHOLESTEROL-LOWERING DRUG THAT IS PURIFIED FROM SUGARCANE WAX. THE PRESENT STUDY INVESTIGATED THE LONG-TERM EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF POLICOSANOL IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA. EIGHTY-FIVE PATIENTS WHO PARTICIPATED IN A PREVIOUS DOUBLE-MASKED, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED STUDY WERE GIVEN POLICOSANOL (10 MG/D) IN A 3-YEAR OPEN-EXTENSION PERIOD. THE DURATION OF THE POLICOSANOL TREATMENT WAS 5 YEARS FOR THOSE PATIENTS WHO HAD PREVIOUSLY RECEIVED POLICOSANOL (N = 42) AND 3 YEARS FOR THOSE PREVIOUSLY TREATED WITH PLACEBO (N = 43). EFFICACY WAS MAINTAINED DURING THE ENTIRE TREATMENT PERIOD. POLICOSANOL SIGNIFICANTLY LOWERED CHOLESTEROL LEVELS IN BOTH GROUPS, COMPARED WITH PRETREATMENT, BASELINE VALUES, BY 20% IN THE GROUP RECEIVING POLICOSANOL FOR THE ENTIRE 5 YEARS, AND BY 17% IN THOSE RECEIVING POLICOSANOL FOR 3 YEARS (PREVIOUSLY RECEIVING PLACEBO). FIVE PATIENTS WITHDREW FROM THE STUDY, NONE BECAUSE OF ADVERSE EVENTS. NO DRUG-RELATED DISTURBANCES WERE OBSERVED IN THE SAFETY INDICATORS. THIS LONG-TERM STUDY SHOWS THAT POLICOSANOL IS BOTH EFFECTIVE AND WELL TOLERATED, WHICH IS IN AGREEMENT WITH RESULTS OF PREVIOUS SHORT- AND LONG-TERM TRIALS.","CHOLESTEROL-LOWERING DRUGS; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP; POLICOSANOL","CHOLESTEROL; PLACEBO; POLICOSANOL; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG TOLERABILITY; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL","","","EDLAVITCH S.A., POSTMARKETING SURVEILLANCE METHODOLOGIES, PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY, 22, PP. 68-78, (1988); ARRUZAZABALA M.D.L., CARBAJAL D., MAS R., ET AL., CHOLESTEROL-LOWERING EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL IN RABBITS, BIOL RES, 27, PP. 205-208, (1994); RODRIGUEZ C., MESA R., MAS R., ET AL., ESTUDIO DEL EFECTO SOBRE LÍPIDOS Y LIPOPROTEÍNAS SÉRICOS Y DE LA TOLERANCIA AL TRATAMIENTO ORAL CON DOSIS CRECIENTES DE POLICOSANOL EN MONOS (MACACA ARCTOIDES), ARCH VENEZOL FARMACOL TERAP, 11, PP. 74-79, (1992); ALEMAN C.L., MAS R., NOA C., ET AL., CARCINOGENICITY OF POLICOSANOL IN SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS: A 24 MONTH STUDY, TERATOG CARCINOG MUTAG., 14, PP. 239-249, (1994); ALEMAN C., MAS R., HERNANDEZ C., ET AL., A 12 MONTHS STUDY OF POLICOSANOL ORAL TOXICITY IN SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS, TOXICOL LETT, 70, PP. 77-87, (1994); RENDON A., RODRIGUEZ M.D., LOPEZ M., ET AL., POLICOSANOL: A STUDY OF ITS GENOTOXICITY AND TERATOGENICITY IN RODENTS, TOXICOL LETT, SUPPL., (1992); RODRIGUEZ C., MESA R., MAS R., ET AL., STUDY OF POLICOSANOL ORAL CHRONIC TOXICITY IN MALE MONKEYS (MACACA ARCTOIDES), FOOD CHEM TOXICOL, 32, PP. 565-575, (1993); RODRIGUEZ M.D., GARCIA H., TERATOGENIC AND REPRODUCTIVE STUDIES OF POLICOSANOL IN THE RAT AND RABBIT, TERATOG CARCINOG MUTAG., 14, PP. 107-113, (1994); MESA A.R., MAS R., NOA M., ET AL., TOXICITY OF POLICOSANOL IN BEAGLE DOGS: ONE YEAR STUDY, TOXICOL LETT, 73, PP. 81-90, (1994); HERNANDEZ F., ILLNAIT J., MAS R., ET AL., EFFECT OF ATEROMIXOL (POLICOSANOL) ON SERUM LIPIDS AND LIPOPROTEINS IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, CURR THER RES, 4, PP. 568-575, (1992); CASTANO G., ZARDOYA R., ILLNAIT J., ET AL., EFECTOS DEL TRATAMIENTO CON ATEROMIXOL (PPG) (5 MG) EN PACIENTES CON HIPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA TIPO II, PCM, 5, PP. 21-28, (1991); PONS P., MAS R., ILLNAIT J., ET AL., EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF ATEROMIXOL (POLICOSANOL) IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES, 52, PP. 507-513, (1992); SOLTERO I., FUENMAYOR I., COLMENARES J., ESTUDIO COMPARATIVO DOBLE CIEGO DE LA EFICACIA Y TOLERANCIA DEL POLICOSANOL VS BEZAFIBRATO EN PACIENTES CON HIPERLIPIDEMIAS TIPO II, ARCH VENEZOL DE FARMACOL Y TERAP, 12, PP. 71-76, (1993); PONS P., MAS R., ILLNAIT J., ET AL., EFFECTS OF ATEROMIXOL (POLICOSANOL) IN ELDERLY HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC PATIENTS, CURR THER RES, 53, PP. 265-269, (1993); ANEIROS E., CALDERON B., MAS R., ET AL., EFFECTS OF SUCCESSIVE DOSE INCREASES OF POLICOSANOL ON THE LIPID PROFILE AND TOLERABILITY OF TREATMENT, CURR THER RES, 54, PP. 304-312, (1993); PONS P., RODRIGUEZ M., ROBAINA C., ET AL., EFFECTS OF SUCCESSIVE DOSE INCREASES OF POLICOSANOL ON THE LIPID PROFILE OF PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA AND TOLERABILITY TO TREATMENT, J CLIN PHARMACOL RES, 14, PP. 27-33, (1994); PONS P., RODRIGUEZ M., MAS R., ET AL., ONE YEAR EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF POLICOSANOL IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES, 55, PP. 1084-1092, (1994); ANEIROS E., MAS R., CALDERON B., ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL IN LOWERING-CHOLESTEROL LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES, 56, PP. 176-182, (1995); CASTANO G., MAS R., NODARSE M., ET AL., ONE-YEAR STUDY OF THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF POLICOSANOL (5 MG TWICE DAILY) IN THE TREATMENT OF TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES, 56, PP. 296-304, (1995); CASTANO G., CANETTI M., MOREIRA M., ET AL., EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF POLICOSANOL IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA: A 12 MONTH STUDY, CURR THER RES, 56, PP. 819-828, (1995); CANETTI M., MOREIRA M., ILLNAIT J., ET AL., ONE YEAR STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL (5 MG TWICE-A-DAY) ON LIPID PROFILE IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, ADV THER, 12, PP. 245-254, (1995); CANETTI M., MOREIRA M., ILLNAIT J., ET AL., A TWO YEAR STUDY ON THE EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF POLICOSANOL IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, INT J CLIN PHARMACOL RES, 15, PP. 159-165, (1995); TORRES O., AGRAMONTE A.J., ILLNAIT J., ET AL., TREATMENT OF HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA IN NIDDM WITH POLICOSANOL, DIABETES CARE, 18, PP. 393-397, (1995); ARRUZAZABALA M.L., CARBAJAL D., MAS R., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL ON PLATELET AGGREGATION IN RATS, THROMB RES, 69, PP. 321-327, (1992); ARRUZAZABALA M.L., CARBAJAL D., MOLINA V., ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA IN MONGOLIAN GERBILS: ROLE OF PROSTACYCLIN AND THROMBOXANE A2, PROSTAGLANDINS LEUKOTRIENES ESSENT FATTY ACIDS, 49, PP. 695-697, (1993); ARRUZAZABALA M.L., CARBAJAL D., MOLINA V., ET AL., ESTUDIO FARMACOLÓGICO DE LA INTERACCIÓN ENTRE EL POLICOSANOL Y LA ASPIRINA EN ANIMALES DE EXPERIMENTACIÓN, REV IBEROAM DE TROMBOSIS Y HEMOSTASIA, 5, PP. 17-20, (1992); ARRUZAZABALA M.L., VALDES S., MAS R., ET AL., EFECTO DEL POLICOSANOL SOBRE LA AGREGACIÓN PLAQUETARIA EN VOLUNTARIOS SANOS, SYMPOSIUM ON DRUG AFFECTING LIPID METABOLISM, (1995); ARRUZAZABALA M.L., VALDES S., MAS R., ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL SUCCESSIVE DOSE INCREASE ON PLATELET AGGREGATION IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, PHARMACOL RES, 33, PP. 1-5, (1996); VALDES S., ARRUZAZABALA M.L., CARBAJAL D., ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON PLATELET AGGREGATION IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, INT J CLIN PHARMACOL RES, 16, PP. 67-72, (1996); NOA M., MAS R., DE LA ROSA M.C., MAGRANER J., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON LIPOFUNDIN-INDUCED ATHEROSCLEROTIC LESIONS IN RATS, J PHARM PHARMACOL, 47, PP. 289-291, (1995); NOA M., DE LA ROSA M.C., MAS R., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON FOAM CELL FORMATION IN CARRAGEENAN-INDUCED GRANULOMAS IN RATS, J PHARM PHARMACOL, 48, PP. 306-309, (1996); BACISTA J., STUSSER R., PENICHET M., UGUET E., DOPPLER-ULTRASOUND PILOT STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF LONG-TERM POLICOSANOL THERAPY ON CAROTID-VERTEBRAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS, CURR THER RES, 56, PP. 906-914, (1995); O'BRIEN P.C., SHAMPO M.C., STATISTICAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR PERFORMING MULTIPLE TESTS IN A SINGLE EXPERIMENT. 5. COMPARING TWO THERAPIES WITH RESPECT TO SEVERAL ENDPOINTS, MAYO CLIN PROC, 63, PP. 1140-1143, (1988); BOCCUZZI S.J., KEEGAN M.E., HIRSCH L.J., ET AL., LONG-TERM EXPERIENCE WITH SIMVASTATIN, DRUG INVEST, 5, PP. 135-140, (1993)","","EXCERPTA MEDICA INC.","ENGLISH","CURR. THER. RES. CLIN. EXP.","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-0031406655","CURR THER RES CLIN EXP",NA,"NOTREPORTED",NA,"CANETTI MM, 1997, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP","CANETTI MM, 1997, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP"
"BATISTA J;STÜSSER R;PADRÓN R;SOSA F;PEREZTOL O;PÉREZ B","BATISTA, JUAN F. (7005814235); STÜSSER, RODOLFO J. (6602973165); PADRÓN, RENÉ (18735349800); SOSA, FELIX (8928992600); PEREZTOL, OSVALDO (8928993000); PÉREZ, BEATRIZ (57213758299)","FUNCTIONAL IMPROVEMENT IN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE AFTER 20 MONTHS OF LIPIDLOWERING THERAPY WITH POLICOSANOL",1996,"ADVANCES IN THERAPY","13","11",7,"","DEPARTMENT OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, CLINICAL RESEARCH CENTER, HAVANA UNIVERSITY, HAVANA, CUBA, CTRO. DE INVEST. CLÍNICAS, KOHLY, PLAYA HAVANA 13, CALLE 34 #4501 ENTRE 47 Y 45, CUBA;DEPARTMENT OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, CLINICAL RESEARCH CENTER, HAVANA UNIVERSITY, HAVANA, CUBA;CARDIOVASCULAR LABORATORY, HAVANA UNIVERSITY, CALIXTO GARCÍA HOSPITAL, HAVANA, CUBA;CARDIOVASCULAR LABORATORY, CLINICAL RESEARCH CENTER, HAVANA UNIVERSITY, HAVANA, CUBA;DEPARTMENT OF CARDIOLOGY, CLINICAL RESEARCH CENTER, HAVANA UNIVERSITY, HAVANA, CUBA;DEPARTMENT OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, CLINICAL RESEARCH CENTER, HAVANA UNIVERSITY, HAVANA, CUBA","TO EXAMINE THE EFFECTS OF LONG-TERM LIPID-LOWERING THERAPY WITH POLICOSANOL ON CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE (CAD), A 20-MONTH EXPLORATORY PHASE II, RANDOMIZED, BLINDED, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL WAS CONDUCTED IN 45 PATIENTS WITH ISCHEMIA, AS DOCUMENTED BY TOMOGRAPHIC 201THALLIUM-LABELED MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION SCINTIGRAPHY (201TL MPS). FIFTEEN PATIENTS RECEIVED POLICOSANOL 5 MG TWICE DAILY, 15 PATIENTS RECEIVED POLICOSANOL 5 MG TWICE DAILY PLUS ASPIRIN 125 MG, AND 15 PATIENTS RECEIVED PLACEBO PLUS ASPIRIN, ISCHEMIC SEGMENTS (IS) WERE ASSESSED SERIALLY BY MPS IN REGIONS NOT RELATED TO INFARCTED AREAS. EXERCISE ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY, BIDIMENSIONAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION, AND SERUM LIPID TESTS WERE ALSO PERFORMED. FORTY-ONE PATIENTS COMPLETED THE FOLLOW-UP STUDY, 38 WITH PRIMARY HYPERLIPIDEMIA, 37 WITH A PRIOR MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. PROPORTIONS OF FUNCTIONAL NONPROGRESSION OF IS IN THE GROUPS TAKING POLICOSANOL ALONE (.75) AND POLICOSANOL PLUS ASPIRIN (.73) WERE DOUBLE THOSE OF THE GROUP RECEIVING PLACEBO PLUS ASPIRIN (.36) (P = .04, Χ2(1DF) = 4.01; P = .04, Χ2(1DF) = 4.14). SETS OF MEAN CHANGES AFTER TREATMENT OF IS, MAXIMUM OXYGEN UPTAKE, AND LEFT VENTRICULAR EJECTION FRACTION IMPROVED SIMULTANEOUSLY WITH POLICOSANOL THERAPY (P = .066, F(3.22DF) = 2.76; P = .006, F(3.25DF) = 5.19) BUT REMAINED IMPAIRED WITHOUT IT. LIPID PARAMETERS WERE ALSO EVALUATED. RESULTS SUGGEST THAT LONG-TERM LIPID-LOWERING THERAPY WITH POLICOSANOL IMPROVES MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA, EXERCISE CAPACITY, AND LEFT VENTRICULAR FUNCTION IN CAD PATIENTS. THIS RESPONSE WAS ENHANCED WHEN POLICOSANOL WAS GIVEN WITH ASPIRIN.","<SUP>201</SUP>THALLIUM-LABELLED MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION SCINTIGRAPHY; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; EJECTION FRACTION; LIPID-LOWERING DRUG; MAXIMUM OXYGEN UPTAKE; POLICOSANOL","ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ANTILIPEMIC AGENT; PLACEBO; POLICOSANOL; THALLIUM; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG EFFECT; FEMALE; HEART EJECTION FRACTION; HEART LEFT VENTRICLE FUNCTION; HEART MUSCLE ISCHEMIA; HEART MUSCLE PERFUSION; HUMAN; LIPID BLOOD LEVEL; LIPOPROTEIN BLOOD LEVEL; MALE; ORAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; PHASE 2 CLINICAL TRIAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SCINTIGRAPHY","","","ORNISH D., BROWN S., SCHERWITZ L., ET AL., CAN LIFESTYLE CHANGES REVERSE CORONARY HEART DISEASE?, LANCET, 336, PP. 129-133, (1990); SCHULER G., HAMBRECHT R., SCHIERF G., ET AL., REGULAR EXERCISE AND LOW-FAT DIET. EFFECTS ON PROGRESSION OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE, CIRCULATION, 86, PP. 1-11, (1992); GOULD K., REVERSAL OF CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS. CLINICAL PROMISE AS THE BASIS FOR NONINVASIVE MANAGEMENT OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE, CIRCULATION, 90, PP. 1558-1571, (1994); GOULD K., ORNISH D., SCHERWITZ L., ET AL., CHANGES IN MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION ABNORMALITIES BY POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY AFTER LONG-TERM, INTENSE RISK FACTOR MODIFICATION, JAMA, 274, PP. 894-901, (1995); LEVINE G., KEANEY J., VITA J., MEDICAL PROGRESS. CHOLESTEROL REDUCTION IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE. CLINICAL BENEFITS AND POSSIBLE MECHANISMS, N ENGL J MED., 332, PP. 512-521, (1995); BATISTA J., STUSSER R., REGRESIÓN DE LA ATEROSCLEROSIS HUMANA. RESULTADOS DE ENSAYOS CLÍNICOS CON EL USO PROLONGADO DE HIPOLIPEMIANTES, REV CUB MED; GOULD K., MARTUCCI J., GOLDBERG D., ET AL., SHORT-TERM CHOLESTEROL LOWERING DECREASES SIZE AND SEVERITY OF PERFUSION ABNORMALITIES BY POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY AFTER DIPYRIDAMOLE IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE. A POTENTIAL NONINVASIVE MARKER OF HEALING CORONARY ENDOTHELIUM, CIRCULATION, 89, PP. 1530-1538, (1994); EICHSTADT H., ESKOTTER H., HOFFMANN I., AMTHAUR H., WEIDINGER G., IMPROVEMENT OF MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION BY SHORT-TERM FLUVASTATIN THERAPY IN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE, AM J CARDIOL., 76, (1995); CASTANO G., MAS R., NODARSE M., ET AL., ONE-YEAR STUDY OF THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF POLICOSANOL (5 MG TWICE-DAILY) IN THE TREATMENT OF TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES., 56, PP. 296-303, (1995); ARRUZAZABALA M., VALDES S., MAS R., FERNANDEZ I., CARBAJAL D., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON PLATELET AGGREGATION IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, REV CENIC CIENC BIOL., 26, (1995); NOA M., HERRERA M., MAS R., EFFECT OF ATEROMIXOL (POLICOSANOL) ON ENDOTHELIAL INJURY IN RATS, REV CENIC CIENC BIOL., 22, PP. 79-80, (1991); RODRIGUEZ-ECHENIQUE C., MESA R., MAS R., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL CHRONICALLY ADMINISTERED IN MALE MONKEYS (MACACA ARCTOIDES), FOOD CHEM TOXICOL., 32, PP. 565-575, (1994); BATISTA J., STUSSER R., PENICHET M., UGUET E., DOPPLER-ULTRASOUND PILOT STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF LONG-TERM POLICOSANOL THERAPY ON CAROTID-VERTEBRAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS, CURR THER RES., 56, PP. 906-914, (1995); BATISTA J., STUSSER R., SAEZ F., PEREZ B., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON HYPERLIPIDEMIA AND CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN MIDDLE-AGED PATIENTS. A 14-MONTH PILOT STUDY, INT J PHARMACOL THER., 34, PP. 134-137, (1996); GRUNDY S., NATIONAL CHOLESTEROL EDUCATION PROGRAM: SECOND REPORT OF THE EXPERT PANEL ON DETECTION, EVALUATION, AND TREATMENT OF HIGH BLOOD CHOLESTEROL IN ADULTS, CIRCULATION, 89, PP. 1329-1446, (1994); BRUCE R., EXERCISE TESTING OF PATIENTS WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE: PRINCIPLES AND NORMAL STANDARDS FOR EVALUATION, ANN CLIN RES., 3, PP. 323-332, (1971); RISK STRATIFICATION AND SURVIVAL AFTER MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, N ENGL J MED., 309, PP. 331-336, (1983); BROWN B., STEWART B., ZHAO X., ET AL., WHAT BENEFIT CAN BE DERIVED FROM TREATING NORMOCHOLESTEROLEMIC PATIENTS WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE?, AM J CARDIOL., 76, SUPPL., (1995); JUKEMA J., BRUSCHKE A., VAN BOVEN A., ET AL., EFFECTS OF LIPID LOWERING BY PRAVASTATIN ON PROGRESSION AND REGRESSION OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE IN SYMPTOMATIC MEN WITH NORMAL TO MODERATELY ELEVATED SERUM CHOLESTEROL LEVELS. THE REGRESSION GROWTH EVALUATION STATIN STUDY (REGRESS), CIRCULATION, 91, PP. 2528-2540, (1995); BENZULY K., PADGETT R., SANJAY K., ET AL., FUNCTIONAL IMPROVEMENT PRECEDES STRUCTURAL REGRESSION OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS, CIRCULATION, 89, PP. 1810-1818, (1994); SCHMIEDER R., SCHOBEL H., IS ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION REVERSIBLE?, AM J CARDIOL., 76, SUPPL., (1995); WHITE H., FRENCH J., HAMER A., ET AL., FREQUENT REOCCLUSION OF PATIENT INFARCT-RELATED ARTERIES BETWEEN 4 WEEKS AND 1 YEAR: EFFECTS OF ANTIPLATELET THERAPY, J AM COLL CARDIOL., 25, PP. 218-223, (1995)","","","ENGLISH","ADV. THER.","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-0030002177","ADV THER",NA,"NOTREPORTED",NA,"BATISTA JF, 1996, ADV THER","BATISTA JF, 1996, ADV THER"
"BANACH M;BURCHARDT P;CHLEBUS K;DOBROWOLSKI P;DUDEK D;DYRBUŚ K;GĄSIOR M;JANKOWSKI P;JÓŹWIAK J;KŁOSIEWICZ-LATOSZEK L;KOWALSKA I;MAŁECKI M;PREJBISZ A;RAKOWSKI M;RYSZ J;SOLNICA B;SITKIEWICZ D;SYGITOWICZ G;SYPNIEWSKA G;TOMASIK T;WINDAK A;ZOZULIŃSKA-ZIÓŁKIEWICZ D;CYBULSKA B","BANACH, MACIEJ (22936699500); BURCHARDT, PAWEŁ (9633798500); CHLEBUS, KRZYSZTOF (35614248700); DOBROWOLSKI, PIOTR (56439595700); DUDEK, DARIUSZ (7006649800); DYRBUŚ, KRZYSZTOF (6507000466); GĄSIOR, MARIUSZ (7005055488); JANKOWSKI, PIOTR (57190678466); JÓŹWIAK, JACEK (21833993700); KŁOSIEWICZ-LATOSZEK, LONGINA (7003994546); KOWALSKA, IRINA (7004840503); MAŁECKI, MACIEJ (25622252400); PREJBISZ, ALEKSANDER (6602179118); RAKOWSKI, MICHAŁ (57221240171); RYSZ, JACEK (7004232269); SOLNICA, BOGDAN (6603107418); SITKIEWICZ, DARIUSZ (7003763261); SYGITOWICZ, GRAZYNA (6507148865); SYPNIEWSKA, GRAZYNA (6701464828); TOMASIK, TOMASZ (6602445472); WINDAK, ADAM (6506589548); ZOZULIŃSKA-ZIÓŁKIEWICZ, DOROTA (23986607400); CYBULSKA, BARBARA (7005907719)","POLACFPIPPCSPSLDPSDPSH GUIDELINES ON DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPY OF LIPID DISORDERS IN POLAND 2021",2021,"ARCHIVES OF MEDICAL SCIENCE","17","100",97,"10.5114/aoms/141941","DEPARTMENT OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY AND LIPIDOLOGY, MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF LODZ, LODZ, POLAND, CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH CENTER, UNIVERSITY OF ZIELONA GORA, ZIELONA GORA, POLAND, DEPARTMENT OF CARDIOLOGY AND CONGENITAL DISEASES OF ADULTS, POLISH MOTHER'S MEMORIAL HOSPITAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE (PMMHRI) IN LODZ, LODZ, POLAND;DEPARTMENT OF HYPERTENSIOLOGY, ANGIOLOGY, AND INTERNAL MEDICINE, K. MARCINKOWSKI POZNAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCE, POZNAN, POLAND, DEPARTMENT OF CARDIOLOGY, CARDIOVASCULAR UNIT, J. STRUS HOSPITAL, POZNAN, POLAND;FIRST DEPARTMENT AND CHAIR OF CARDIOLOGY, MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF GDANSK, GDANSK, POLAND;DEPARTMENT OF HYPERTENSION, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CARDIOLOGY, WARSAW, POLAND;INSTITUTE OF CARDIOLOGY, JAGIELLONIAN UNIVERSITY MEDICAL COLLEGE, KRAKOW, POLAND;3RD DEPARTMENT OF CARDIOLOGY, FACULTY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES IN ZABRZE, MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SILESIA, KATOWICE, POLAND, SILESIAN CENTER FOR HEART DISEASES, ZABRZE, POLAND;3RD DEPARTMENT OF CARDIOLOGY, FACULTY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES IN ZABRZE, MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SILESIA, KATOWICE, POLAND, SILESIAN CENTER FOR HEART DISEASES, ZABRZE, POLAND;DEPARTMENT OF INTERNAL MEDICINE AND GERIATRIC CARDIOLOGY, CENTRE OF POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL EDUCATION, WARSAW, POLAND, DEPARTMENT OF CARDIOLOGY AND ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION, INSTITUTE OF CARDIOLOGY, JAGIELLONIAN UNIVERSITY MEDICAL COLLEGE, KRAKOW, POLAND;DEPARTMENT OF FAMILY MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH, INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY OF OPOLE, OPOLE, POLAND;NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC HEALTH NIH, NATIONAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE, WARSAW, POLAND;DEPARTMENT OF INTERNAL MEDICINE AND METABOLIC DISEASES, MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF BIALYSTOK, BIALYSTOK, POLAND;DEPARTMENT AND CHAIR OF METABOLIC DISEASES, JAGIELLONIAN UNIVERSITY MEDICAL COLLEGE, KRAKOW, POLAND;DEPARTMENT OF HYPERTENSION, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CARDIOLOGY, WARSAW, POLAND;DEPARTMENT OF MOLECULAR BIOPHYSICS, INSTITUTE OF BIOPHYSICS, FACULTY OF BIOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, UNIVERSITY OF LODZ, LODZ, POLAND;MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF LODZ, LODZ, POLAND;JAGIELLONIAN UNIVERSITY MEDICAL COLLEGE, KRAKOW, POLAND;DEPARTMENT OF CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICS, MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF WARSAW, WARSAW, POLAND;DEPARTMENT OF CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICS, MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF WARSAW, WARSAW, POLAND;DEPARTMENT OF LABORATORY MEDICINE, L. RYDYGIER MEDICAL COLLEGE IN BYDGOSZCZ, NICOLAUS COPERNICUS UNIVERSITY, TORUN, POLAND;JAGIELLONIAN UNIVERSITY MEDICAL COLLEGE, KRAKOW, POLAND;JAGIELLONIAN UNIVERSITY MEDICAL COLLEGE, KRAKOW, POLAND;DEPARTMENT AND CHAIR OF INTERNAL MEDICINE AND DIABETOLOGY, K. MARCINKOWSKI POZNAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, POZNAN, POLAND;NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC HEALTH NIH, NATIONAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE, WARSAW, POLAND","[NO ABSTRACT AVAILABLE]","","ACARBOSE; ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE; ALIROCUMAB; ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; AMIODARONE; ANTHOCYANIN; ANTIDIABETIC AGENT; ANTIFUNGAL AGENT; ANTILIPEMIC AGENT; ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENT; ANTIVIRUS AGENT; APABETALONE; APOLIPOPROTEIN B; ARTICHOKE EXTRACT; ASPARAGINASE; ATORVASTATIN; BEMPEDOIC ACID; BERBERINE; BERGAMOT OIL; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; BETA GLUCAN; BILE ACID SEQUESTRANT; CARBOXYLIC ACID; CARNITINE; CHITOSAN; CHOLESTEROL; CHOLESTEROL ESTER TRANSFER PROTEIN INHIBITOR; CLARITHROMYCIN; CLOPIDOGREL; CLOZAPINE; COLECALCIFEROL; COLESEVELAM; COLESTIPOL; COLESTYRAMINE; CURCUMIN; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; CYCLOSPORINE; DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE IV INHIBITOR; ENZYME INHIBITOR; ERYTHROMYCIN; ESTROGEN; EVINACUMAB; EVOLOCUMAB; EZETIMIBE; FENOFIBRATE; FIBRIC ACID DERIVATIVE; GAMMA ORYZANOL; GARLIC EXTRACT; GLUCAGON LIKE PEPTIDE 1 DERIVATIVE; GLUCOCORTICOID; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; INCLISIRAN; INSULIN; ISPAGULA; LAROPIPRANT; LIPOPROTEIN A; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; MANNAN; METFORMIN; MIPOMERSEN; NICOTINIC ACID; NUTRACEUTICAL; OLANZAPINE; OMEGA 3 FATTY ACID; PANTETHINE; PEMAFIBRATE; PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR ACTIVATED RECEPTOR AGONIST; PHYTOSTEROL; PIOGLITAZONE; PITAVASTATIN; PLANT EXTRACT; POLYCOSANOL; PRAVASTATIN; PROBIOTIC AGENT; PROPROTEIN CONVERTASE 9 INHIBITOR; PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; PYRROLE DERIVATIVE; RETINOL; ROSUVASTATIN; SIMVASTATIN; SINECATECHINS; SODIUM GLUCOSE COTRANSPORTER 2 INHIBITOR; SOYBEAN PROTEIN; SPIRULINA EXTRACT; STANOZOLOL; SULFONAMIDE; SULFONYLUREA DERIVATIVE; TAMOXIFEN; THIAZIDE DIURETIC AGENT; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VERAPAMIL; VOLANESORSEN; VUPANORSEN; XUEZHIKANG; ABDOMINAL PAIN; ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME; ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE LEVEL; ALLERGIC REACTION; ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE; ANTISENSE THERAPY; ARTICHOKE; AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE; BODY WEIGHT LOSS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTOR; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CHILD; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE; COGNITIVE DEFECT; COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY; CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIARRHEA; DIETARY FIBER; DIETARY SUPPLEMENT; DISEASE PREDISPOSITION; DISORDERS OF LIPID METABOLISM; DRUG ABSORPTION; DRUG BIOAVAILABILITY; DRUG CONTRAINDICATION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG MEGADOSE; DRUG RECEPTOR BINDING; DRUG TOLERABILITY; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; DYSLIPIDEMIA; DYSPEPSIA; FATIGUE; FEMALE; FLATULENCE; FUNCTIONAL FOOD; GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX; GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASE; HEADACHE; HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATION; HEALTHY DIET; HEALTHY LIFESTYLE; HEART FAILURE; HEART MUSCLE ISCHEMIA; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTRANSAMINASEMIA; HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA; IMPAIRED GLUCOSE TOLERANCE; INJECTION SITE REACTION; INTERMETHOD COMPARISON; LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION; LIPID FINGERPRINTING; LIPOPROTEIN APHERESIS; LIVER DISEASE; LOW DRUG DOSE; LUPIN; LUPUS LIKE SYNDROME; MALE; MEDICAL SOCIETY; MONOTHERAPY; MUSCLE CRAMP; MUSCLE DISEASE; MUSCLE RIGIDITY; MUSCLE TOXICITY; MUSCLE WEAKNESS; MYALGIA; MYOPATHY; NAUSEA; PALLIATIVE THERAPY; PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY; PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE; PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; POLAND; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; RECOMMENDED DRUG DOSE; REVIEW; RHABDOMYOLYSIS; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK REDUCTION; SIDE EFFECT; SKIN DEFECT; SYNERGISTIC EFFECT; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; TERMINAL DISEASE; THROMBOCYTOPENIA","","","SORAN H, ADAM S, MOHAMMAD JB, ET AL., HYPERCHOLESTEROLAEMIA - PRACTICAL INFORMATION FOR NON-SPECIALISTS, ARCH MED SCI, 14, PP. 1-21, (2018); PENSON PE, PIRRO M, BANACH M., LDL-C: LOWER IS BETTER FOR LONGER-EVEN AT LOW RISK, BMC MED, 18, (2020); LING JZJ, MONTVIDA O, KHUNTI K, ZHANG AL, XUE CC, PAUL SK., THERAPEUTIC INERTIA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF DYSLIPIDAEMIA AND HYPERTENSION IN INCIDENT TYPE 2 DIABETES AND THE RESULTING RISK FACTOR BURDEN: REAL-WORLD EVIDENCE FROM PRIMARY CARE, DIABETES OBES METAB, 23, PP. 1518-1531, (2021); ZDROJEWSKI T, SOLNICA B, CYBULSKA B, ET AL., PREVALENCE OF LIPID ABNORMALITIES IN POLAND. 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RESULTS OF THE WOBASZ II STUDY (2013-2014) AND COMPARISON WITH THE WOBASZ STUDY (2003-2005), POL ARCH MED WEWN, 126, PP. 662-671, (2016); HARTLEY L, MAY MD, LOVEMAN E, COLQUITT JL, REES K., DIETARY FIBRE FOR THE PRIMARY PREVENTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, COCHRANE DATABASE SYST REV, 2016, (2016); RIVELLESE AA, MAFFETTONE A, VESSBY B, ET AL., EFFECTS OF DIETARY SATURATED, MONOUNSATURATED AND N-3 FATTY ACIDS ON FASTING LIPOPROTEINS, LDL SIZE AND POST-PRANDIAL LIPID METABOLISM IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS, ATHEROSCLEROSIS, 167, PP. 149-158, (2003); BHATT DL, STEG PG, MILLER M, ET AL., CARDIOVASCULAR RISK REDUCTION WITH ICOSAPENT ETHYL FOR HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA, N ENGL J MED, 380, PP. 11-22, (2019); MOHOLDT T, LAVIE CJ, NAUMAN J., SUSTAINED PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, NOT WEIGHT LOSS, ASSOCIATED WITH IMPROVED SURVIVAL IN CORONARY HEART DISEASE, J AM COLL CARDIOL, 71, PP. 1094-1101, (2018); TOTH PP, BANACH M., STATINS: THEN AND NOW, METHODIST DEBAKEY CARDIOVASC J, 15, PP. 23-31, (2019); SHEHAB A, ELNOUR AA, BHAGAVATHULA AS, ET AL., A MULTICENTER PROSPECTIVE HOSPITAL-BASED COHORT STUDY ON THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF PITAVASTATIN, CURR DIABETES REV, 17, (2021); JONES PH, DAVIDSON MH, STEIN EA, ET AL., COMPARISON OF THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF ROSUVASTATIN VERSUS ATORVASTATIN, SIMVASTATIN, AND PRAVASTATIN ACROSS DOSES (STELLAR∗ TRIAL), AM J CARDIOL, 92, PP. 152-160, (2003); BANACH M, STULC T, DENT R, TOTH PP., STATIN NON-ADHERENCE AND RESIDUAL CARDIOVASCULAR RISK: THERE IS NEED FOR SUBSTANTIAL IMPROVEMENT, INT J CARDIOL, 225, PP. 184-196, (2016); BANACH M, RIZZO M, TOTH P, ET AL., STATIN INTOLERANCE - AN ATTEMPT AT A UNIFIED DEFINITION. POSITION PAPER FROM AN INTERNATIONAL LIPID EXPERT PANEL, ARCH MED SCI, 11, PP. 1-23, (2015); BANACH M, RIZZO M, OBRADOVIC M, ET AL., PCSK9 INHIBITION - A NOVEL MECHANISM TO TREAT LIPID DISORDERS?, CURR PHARM DES, 19, PP. 3869-3877, (2013); MIKHAILIDIS DP, LAWSON RW, MCCORMICK AL, ET AL., COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF THE ADDITION OF EZETIMIBE TO STATIN VS STATIN TITRATION IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERCHOLESTEROLAEMIA: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS, CURR MED RES OPIN, 27, PP. 1191-1210, (2011); BANACH M, MIKHAILIDIS DP., STATIN INTOLERANCE: SOME PRACTICAL HINTS, CARDIOL CLIN, 36, PP. 225-231, (2018); BANACH M, PENSON PE, FRAS Z, ET AL., BRIEF RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE MANAGEMENT OF ADULT PATIENTS WITH FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC, PHARMACOL RES, 158, (2020); BANACH M, MIKHAILIDIS DP., STATIN THERAPY AND NEW-ONSET DIABETES: AN ATTEMPT AT RECOMMENDATIONS, EXP REV ENDOCRINOL METAB, 8, PP. 213-216, (2013); EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF MORE INTENSIVE LOWERING OF LDL CHOLESTEROL: A META-ANALYSIS OF DATA FROM 170 000 PARTICIPANTS IN 26 RANDOMISED TRIALS, LANCET, 376, PP. 1670-1681, (2010); GARCIA-CALVO M, LISNOCK J, BULL HG., THE TARGET OF EZETIMIBE IS NIEMANN-PICK C1-LIKE 1 (NPC1L1), PROC NATL ACAD SCI USA, 102, PP. 8132-8137, (2005); KNOPP RH, GITTER H, TRUITT T, ET AL., EFFECTS OF EZETIMIBE, A NEW CHOLESTEROL ABSORPTION INHIBITOR ON PLASMA LIPIDS IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, EUR HEART J, 24, PP. 729-741, (2003); SIMON JS, KARNOUB MC, DEVLIN DJ, ET AL., SEQUENCE VARIATION IN NPC1L1 AND ASSOCIATION WITH IMPROVED LDL-CHOLESTEROL LOWERING IN RESPONSE TO EZETIMIBE TREATMENT, GENOMIC, 86, PP. 648-656, (2005); DUJOVNE CA, ETTINGER MP, MCNEER JF, ET AL., EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF A POTENT NEW SELECTIVE CHOLESTEROL ABSORPTION INHIBITOR, EZETIMIBE, IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, AM J CARDIOL, 90, PP. 1092-1097, (2002); AWAD K, MIKHAILIDIS DP, KATSIKI N, MUNTNER P, BANACH M, EFFECT OF EZETIMIBE MONOTHERAPY ON PLASMA LIPOPROTEIN(A) CONCENTRATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS, DRUGS, 78, PP. 453-462, (2018); SAHEBKAR A, SIMENTAL-MENDIA LE, PIRRO M, ET AL., IMPACT OF EZETIMIBE ON PLASMA LIPOPROTEIN(A) CONCENTRATIONS AS MONOTHERAPY OR IN COMBINATION WITH STATINS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS, SCI REP, 8, (2018); TSIMIKAS S, GORDTS PLSM, NORA C, YEANG C, WITZTUM JL., STATIN THERAPY INCREASES LIPOPROTEIN(A) LEVELS, EUR HEART J, 41, PP. 2275-2284, (2020)","","TERMEDIA PUBLISHING HOUSE LTD.","ENGLISH","ARCH. MED. SCI.","REVIEW","ISI","2-S2.0-85117803043","ARCH MED SCI",NA,"NOTREPORTED",NA,"BANACH M, 2021, ARCH MED SCI","BANACH M, 2021, ARCH MED SCI"
"ZENTI M;STEFANUTTI C;SANGA V;ALTOMARI A;FABRIS A;DAURIZ M;BONORA E","ZENTI, M.G. (6602739661); STEFANUTTI, C. (56055363600); SANGA, V. (57216782994); ALTOMARI, A. (57201586817); FABRIS, A. (57224702686); DAURIZ, M. (55757721100); BONORA, E. (7004495052)","EVOLOCUMAB AND LIPOPROTEIN APHERESIS COMBINATION THERAPY MAY HAVE SYNERGIC EFFECTS TO REDUCE LOWDENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL LEVELS IN HETEROZYGOUS FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA A CASE REPORT",2018,"JOURNAL OF CLINICAL APHERESIS","33","4",4,"10.1002/jca.21632","DIVISION OF ENDOCRINOLOGY, DIABETES AND METABOLISM, DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF VERONA, VERONA, ITALY;EXTRACORPOREAL THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES UNIT, LIPID CLINIC AND ATHEROSCLEROSIS PREVENTION CENTRE, IMMUNOHEMATOLOGY AND TRANSFUSION MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE, ‘‘SAPIENZA’’ UNIVERSITY OF ROME, ‘‘UMBERTO I’’ HOSPITAL, ROME, ITALY;DIVISION OF ENDOCRINOLOGY, DIABETES AND METABOLISM, DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF VERONA, VERONA, ITALY;DIVISION OF ENDOCRINOLOGY, DIABETES AND METABOLISM, DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF VERONA, VERONA, ITALY;SECTION OF NEPHROLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF VERONA, VERONA, ITALY;DIVISION OF ENDOCRINOLOGY, DIABETES AND METABOLISM, DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF VERONA, VERONA, ITALY;DIVISION OF ENDOCRINOLOGY, DIABETES AND METABOLISM, DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF VERONA, VERONA, ITALY","A 49 YEARS OLD WOMAN (WEIGHT 68 KG, BMI 27.3 KG/M2) WITH HETEROZYGOUS FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA (HEFH) AND MULTIPLE STATIN INTOLERANCE WITH MUSCLE ACHES AND CREATINE KINASE ELEVATION, PRESENTED AT THE OUTPATIENT LIPID CLINIC OF VERONA UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL IN MAY 2015. HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA WAS FIRSTLY DIAGNOSED DURING ADOLESCENCE, FOLLOWED IN ADULTHOOD BY A DIAGNOSIS OF COGAN'S SYNDROME, A RHEUMATOLOGIC DISORDER CHARACTERIZED BY CORNEAL AND INNER EAR INFLAMMATION. NO XANTHOMAS, CORNEAL ARCUS, OR VASCULAR BRUITS WERE DETECTABLE AT PHYSICAL EXAMINATION. SCREENING FOR MACROVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS DID NOT REVEAL RELEVANT DAMAGES. ONGOING MEDICAL THERAPY INCLUDED SALICYLIC ACID, METHYLPREDNISOLONE, METHOTREXATE, AND PROTONIC-PUMP INHIBITOR. IN THE ABSENCE OF SPECIFIC LIPID-LOWERING THERAPY, PLASMA LIPID LEVELS AT FIRST VISIT WERE: TOTAL-CHOLESTEROL = 522 MG/DL, LDL-CHOLESTEROL = 434 MG/DL, HDL-CHOLESTEROL = 84 MG/DL, TRIGLYCERIDES = 120 MG/DL, LP(A) = 13 MG/DL. ON DECEMBER 2015, EVOLOCUMAB 140 MG SC EVERY 2 WEEKS WAS INITIATED. AFTER A 24-WEEK TREATMENT, THE LDL-CHOLESTEROL LEVELS DECREASED BY AN AVERAGE OF 21.2% TO 342 ± 22 MG/DL (MEAN ± SD). ON MAY 2016, LDL-APHERESIS (H.E.L.P.SYSTEM) WAS STARTED AS ADD-ON THERAPY. COMPARED TO THE AVERAGE LEVELS OBTAINED DURING THE EVOLOCUMAB MONOTHERAPY PERIOD, THE LDL-CHOLESTEROL WAS REDUCED BY 49.4%, THUS REACHING AN INTER-APHERESIS LEVEL (MEAN ± SD) OF 173 ± 37 MG/DL. THIS REPORT SUGGESTS THAT A COMBINATION THERAPY WITH EVOLOCUMAB AND LIPOPROTEIN-APHERESIS MAY HAVE SYNERGIC EFFECTS ON CIRCULATING LIPID LEVELS. ITS RELEVANCE AS A HIGHLY EFFECTIVE TREATMENT OPTION FOR HYPERLIPIDEMIA IN HEFH PATIENTS WARRANTS FURTHER INVESTIGATION IN LARGER DATASETS. © 2018 WILEY PERIODICALS, INC.","ANTI-PCSK9 ANTIBODY; EVOLOCUMAB; HETEROZYGOUS FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; LIPOPROTEIN APHERESIS; STATIN INTOLERANCE","ANTIBODIES, MONOCLONAL; ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENTS; BLOOD COMPONENT REMOVAL; CHOLESTEROL, LDL; COMBINED MODALITY THERAPY; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA TYPE II; LIPOPROTEINS; MIDDLE AGED; ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE; ARMOLIPID PLUS; ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE; ASTAXANTHIN; BERBERINE; COLESTYRAMINE; EVOLOCUMAB; EZETIMIBE; FLUINDOSTATIN; FOLIC ACID; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE; LIPOPROTEIN; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; METHOTREXATE; METHYLPREDNISOLONE; MYOGLOBIN; PANTOPRAZOLE; POLICOSANOL; PRAVASTATIN; PROTON PUMP INHIBITOR; SALICYLIC ACID; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; UBIDECARENONE; EVOLOCUMAB; HYPOCHOLESTEROLEMIC AGENT; LIPOPROTEIN; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY; ACUTE KIDNEY FAILURE; ADULT; ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE BLOOD LEVEL; APHERESIS; ARTICLE; ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE BLOOD LEVEL; CASE REPORT; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS; COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY; DOPPLER ULTRASONOGRAPHY; DRUG POTENTIATION; FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; FEMALE; GENE MUTATION; GENETIC SCREENING; HEMODIALYSIS; HUMAN; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE BLOOD LEVEL; LDLR GENE; MIDDLE AGED; MONOTHERAPY; MUTATIONAL ANALYSIS; MYALGIA; MYOGLOBINURIA; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; RECEPTOR GENE; RHABDOMYOLYSIS; TRIACYLGLYCEROL BLOOD LEVEL; APHERESIS; BLOOD; DRUG EFFECT; FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION; MULTIMODALITY CANCER THERAPY; PROCEDURES","","","GOLDSTEIN J.L., KITA T., BROWN M.S., DEFECTIVE LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTORS AND ATHEROSCLEROSIS. LESSONS FROM AN ANIMAL COUNTERPART OF FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, N ENGL J MED., 309, 5, PP. 288-296, (1983); NORDESTGAARD B.G., CHAPMAN M.J., HUMPHRIES S.E., ET AL., FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLAEMIA IS UNDERDIAGNOSED AND UNDERTREATED IN THE GENERAL POPULATION: GUIDANCE FOR CLINICIANS TO PREVENT CORONARY HEART DISEASE: CONSENSUS STATEMENT OF THE EUROPEAN ATHEROSCLEROSIS SOCIETY, EUR HEART J., 34, 45, PP. 3478-3490A, (2013); WIEGMAN A., GIDDING S.S., WATTS G.F., ET AL., FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLAEMIA IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS: GAINING DECADES OF LIFE BY OPTIMIZING DETECTION AND TREATMENT, EUR HEART J., 36, 36, PP. 2425-2437, (2015); PIEPOLI M.F., HOES A.W., AGEWALL S., ET AL., 2016 EUROPEAN GUIDELINES ON CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE PREVENTION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE: THE SIXTH JOINT TASK FORCE OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY AND OTHER SOCIETIES ON CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE PREVENTION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE (CONSTITUTED BY REPRESENTATIVES OF 10 SOCIETIES AND BY INVITED EXPERTS) DEVELOPED WITH THE SPECIAL CONTRIBUTION OF THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION FOR CARDIOVASCULAR PREVENTION & REHABILITATION (EACPR), ATHEROSCLEROSIS., 252, PP. 207-274, (2016); STROES E.S., THOMPSON P.D., CORSINI A., ET AL., STATIN-ASSOCIATED MUSCLE SYMPTOMS: IMPACT ON STATIN THERAPY-EUROPEAN ATHEROSCLEROSIS SOCIETY CONSENSUS PANEL STATEMENT ON ASSESSMENT, AETIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT, EUR HEART J., 36, 17, PP. 1012-1022, (2015); MORIARTY P.M., THOMPSON P.D., CANNON C.P., ET AL., EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF ALIROCUMAB VS EZETIMIBE IN STATIN-INTOLERANT PATIENTS, WITH A STATIN RECHALLENGE ARM: THE ODYSSEY ALTERNATIVE RANDOMIZED TRIAL, J CLIN LIPIDOL., 9, 6, PP. 758-769, (2015); NISSEN S.E., STROES E., DENT-ACOSTA R.E., ET AL., EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF EVOLOCUMAB VS EZETIMIBE IN PATIENTS WITH MUSCLE-RELATED STATIN INTOLERANCE: THE GAUSS-3 RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL, JAMA., 315, 15, PP. 1580-1590, (2016); MEHTA P.K., BAER J., NELL C., SPERLING L.S., LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN APHERESIS AS A TREATMENT OPTION FOR HYPERLIPIDEMIA, CURR TREAT OPTIONS CARDIOVASC MED., 11, 4, PP. 279-288, (2009); STEFANUTTI C., THOMPSON G.R., LIPOPROTEIN APHERESIS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLAEMIA: HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE AND RECENT ADVANCES, CURR ATHEROSCLER REP., 17, 1, (2015); BARRIOS V., ESCOBAR C., CICERO A.F., ET AL., A NUTRACEUTICAL APPROACH (ARMOLIPID PLUS) TO REDUCE TOTAL AND LDL CHOLESTEROL IN INDIVIDUALS WITH MILD TO MODERATE DYSLIPIDEMIA: REVIEW OF THE CLINICAL EVIDENCE, ATHEROSCLER SUPPL., 24, PP. 1-15, (2017); ARMSTRONG V.W., WINDISCH M., WIELAND H., ET AL., SELECTIVE CONTINUOUS EXTRACORPORAL ELIMINATION OF LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS WITH HEPARIN AT ACIDIC PH, TRANS AM SOC ARTIF INTERN ORGANS., 29, PP. 323-328, (1983); KROON A.A., VAN'T HOF M.A., DEMACKER P.N., STALENHOEF A.F., THE REBOUND OF LIPOPROTEINS AFTER LDL-APHERESIS. KINETICS AND ESTIMATION OF MEAN LIPOPROTEIN LEVELS, ATHEROSCLEROSIS., 152, 2, PP. 519-526, (2000); GALEMA-BOERS A.M.H., LENZEN M.J., SIJBRANDS E.J., ROETERS VAN LENNEP J.E., PROPROTEIN CONVERTASE SUBTILISIN/KEXIN 9 INHIBITION IN PATIENTS WITH FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA: INITIAL CLINICAL EXPERIENCE, J CLIN LIPIDOL., 11, 3, PP. 674-681, (2017); PFOHL M., NAOUMOVA R.P., KLASS C., ET AL., ACUTE AND CHRONIC EFFECTS ON CHOLESTEROL BIOSYNTHESIS OF LDL-APHERESIS WITH OR WITHOUT CONCOMITANT HMG-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITOR THERAPY, J LIPID RES., 35, 11, PP. 1946-1955, (1994); ZENTI M.G., STEFANUTTI C., EFFECTS OF SELECTIVE H.E.L.P. LDL-APHERESIS ON PLASMA INFLAMMATORY MARKERS CONCENTRATION IN SEVERE DYSLIPIDEMIA: IMPLICATION FOR ANTI-INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE, CYTOKINE., 56, 3, PP. 850-854, (2011); BECKER D.M., CHAMBERLAIN B., SWANK R., ET AL., RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CORTICOSTEROID EXPOSURE AND PLASMA LIPID LEVELS IN HEART TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS, AM J MED., 85, 5, PP. 632-638, (1988)","M.G. ZENTI; DIVISION OF ENDOCRINOLOGY, DIABETES AND METABOLISM, DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF VERONA, VERONA, ITALY; EMAIL: MARIAGRAZIA.ZENTI@UNIVR.IT","WILEY-LISS INC.","ENGLISH","J. CLIN. APHERESIS","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-85045297276","J CLIN APHERESIS","UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF VERONA;‘‘SAPIENZA’’ UNIVERSITY OF ROME;UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF VERONA;UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF VERONA;UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF VERONA;UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF VERONA;UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF VERONA","NOTREPORTED;UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF VERONA;EMAIL: MARIAGRAZIA.ZENTI@UNIVR.IT",NA,"ZENTI MG, 2018, J CLIN APHERESIS","ZENTI MG, 2018, J CLIN APHERESIS"
"GISBERTZ S;HISSINK R;DEVRIES J;MOLL F","GISBERTZ, S.S. (9247751500); HISSINK, R.J. (9247751600); DEVRIES, J.-P.P.M. (9247751700); MOLL, F.L. (7103009095)","FUTURE PERSPECTIVES IN THE TREATMENT OF FEMOROPOPLITEAL ARTERIAL OCCLUSIONS",2005,"JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY","46","13",4,"","DEPARTMENT OF VASCULAR SURGERY, ST. ANTONIUS HOSPITAL, NIEUWEGEIN, NETHERLANDS;DEPARTMENT OF VASCULAR SURGERY, UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER, 3508 GA UTRECHT, P.O. BOX 85500, NETHERLANDS;DEPARTMENT OF VASCULAR SURGERY, ST. ANTONIUS HOSPITAL, NIEUWEGEIN, NETHERLANDS;DEPARTMENT OF VASCULAR SURGERY, UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER, 3508 GA UTRECHT, P.O. BOX 85500, NETHERLANDS","FEMORO-POPLITEAL OCCLUSIVE DISEASE REPRESENTS THE MOST FREQUENT LOCALIZATION OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN THE LOWER EXTREMITIES. TREATMENT OF THIS DISEASE HAS CHANGED REMARKABLY IN THE LAST DECADE. A DEFINITE TREATMENT STRATEGY HAS STILL TO BE ESTABLISHED. THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY IS DESCRIBED. A GENERAL OVERVIEW OF THE STATE-OF-THE ART TREATMENT MODALITIES AND THE MOST RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IS GIVEN. THIS IS DIVIDED INTO NON-INTERVENTIONAL PREVENTIVE AND SUPPORTIVE THERAPY, ENDOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONAL THERAPY, AND SURGICAL INTERVENTIONAL THERAPY. THE DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICAL THERAPY HAS EXPANDED ENORMOUSLY AND IS PROGRESSING STILL. IN THE WIDE RANGE OF INTERVENTIONAL TREATMENT MODALITIES, THERE HAS BEEN A CHANGE FROM INVASIVE BYPASS SURGERY TO MORE REFINED TECHNIQUES LIKE ENDARTERECTOMY AND PERCUTANEOUS ENDOVASCULAR THERAPY. THIS TREND TOWARDS RESTORING THE PATENCY OF THE ARTERY USING THE VESSEL WALL ITSELF AS A CONDUIT, LEADS TO A TERM ENCOMPASSING ALL THESE TREATMENT MODALITIES, KNOWN AS RESTORATIVE INTERVENTION. PERI-PROCEDURAL RISKS OF RESTORATIVE INTERVENTIONS ARE OF A MUCH LESSER DEGREE COMPARED TO BYPASS SURGERY. REPORTS OF PATENCY RATES SHOW A STEADY INCREASE. IT IS EXPECTED THAT PATENCY RATES WILL EVENTUALLY EQUAL OR EVEN SURPASS THOSE OF BYPASS SURGERY. IN CONCLUSION, A TREATMENT STRATEGY FOR FEMORO-POPLITEAL OCCLUSIONS IN THE FUTURE IS PROPOSED AS FOLLOWS: THE FIRST LINE OF INTERVENTIONAL THERAPY IN FEMORO-POPLITEAL OCCLUSIONS SHOULD BE A RESTORATIVE INTERVENTION. WITH ADEQUATE ADJUVANT MEDICAL THERAPY AND SUFFICIENT MONITORING, THIS WILL BE THE DEFINITE TREATMENT FOR THE MAJORITY OF PATIENTS. BYPASS SURGERY SHOULD BE REGARDED AS THE SECOND LINE OF INTERVENTIONAL THERAPY AND SHOULD BE RESERVED FOR THOSE PATIENTS IN WHOM RESTORATIVE INTERVENTIONS FAIL.","ARTERIAL OCCLUSIVE DISEASE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; ENDOVASCULAR SURGICAL PROCEDURES; POPLITEAL ARTERY; SUPERFICIAL FEMORAL ARTERY","ANGIOSCOPY; ARTERIAL OCCLUSIVE DISEASES; BLOOD VESSEL PROSTHESIS IMPLANTATION; FEMORAL ARTERY; HUMANS; POPLITEAL ARTERY; ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ANGIOGENIC FACTOR; ANTITHROMBOCYTIC AGENT; ARGININE; CARNITINE; CILOSTAZOL; CLOPIDOGREL; DIPYRIDAMOLE; GINKGO BILOBA EXTRACT; GLYCERYL TRINITRATE; HOMOCYSTEINE; MONOCYTE CHEMOTACTIC PROTEIN 1; NAFTIDROFURYL; OXIDIZED LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; PENTOXIFYLLINE; PLACEBO; PLATELET DERIVED GROWTH FACTOR; POLICOSANOL; PROPIONYLCARNITINE; PROSTAGLANDIN E1; TICLOPIDINE; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 4; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA; VERAPAMIL; WARFARIN; ADJUVANT THERAPY; ANTICOAGULATION; ATHEROGENESIS; BLEEDING; BRACHYTHERAPY; CLINICAL TRIAL; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG ELUTING STENT; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG SAFETY; ENDARTERECTOMY; ENDOVASCULAR SURGERY; EXCIMER LASER; FEMORAL ARTERY; FEMOROPOPLITEAL BYPASS; GRAFT FAILURE; GRAFT PATENCY; HEALTH CARE COST; HUMAN; INTERMETHOD COMPARISON; KINESIOTHERAPY; META ANALYSIS; NONHUMAN; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PERCUTANEOUS TRANSLUMINAL ANGIOPLASTY; PERIPHERAL OCCLUSIVE ARTERY DISEASE; POPLITEAL ARTERY; RECANALIZATION; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; SAFETY; SMOKING CESSATION; SURGICAL RISK; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; VEIN GRAFT","","","BERGAMINI T.M., TOWNE J.B., BANDYK D.F., SEABROOK G.R., SCHMITT D.D., EXPERIENCE WITH IN SITU SAPHENOUS VEIN BYPASSES DURING 1981 TO 1989: DETERMINANT FACTORS OF LONG-TERM PATENCY, J. 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SURG., 15, PP. 594-598, (2001); MANAGEMENT OF PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE PAD), EUR. J. VASC. ENDOVASC. SURG., 19, SUPPL. A, (2000)","F.L. MOLL; DEPARTMENT OF VASCULAR SURGERY, UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER UTRECHT, 3508 GA UTRECHT, P.O. BOX 85500, NETHERLANDS; EMAIL: F.L.MOLL@UMCUTRECHT.NL","","ENGLISH","J. CARDIOVASC. SURG.","REVIEW","ISI","2-S2.0-27744495927","J CARDIOVASC SURG","ST. ANTONIUS HOSPITAL;UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER;ST. ANTONIUS HOSPITAL;UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER","NOTREPORTED;UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER UTRECHT;NOTREPORTED",NA,"GISBERTZ SS, 2005, J CARDIOVASC SURG","GISBERTZ SS, 2005, J CARDIOVASC SURG"
"SIRIPATTANAKULKAJORN C;SOMBUTSUWAN P;NAKORNSADET A;CHUMSANTEA S;LILITCHAN S;KRISNANGKURA K;ARYUSUK K","SIRIPATTANAKULKAJORN, CHATCHAI (58753310100); SOMBUTSUWAN, PIRAPORN (57204622598); NAKORNSADET, AKKARADECH (57204624748); CHUMSANTEA, SALISA (37060531200); LILITCHAN, SUPATHRA (20436041500); KRISNANGKURA, KANIT (6701651738); ARYUSUK, KORNKANOK (7801495708)","POLICOSANOL AND OTHER BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN DIFFERENT THAI RICE VARIETIES",2024,"JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS","126","",0,"10.1016/j.jfca.2023.105891","DIVISION OF BIOCHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY, SCHOOL OF BIORESOURCES AND TECHNOLOGY, KING MONGKUT'S UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY THONBURI, BANGKHUNTIEN, BANGKOK, 10150, THAILAND;PILOT PLANT DEVELOPMENT AND TRAINING INSTITUTE (PDTI), KING MONGKUT'S UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY THONBURI (KMUTT), BANGKOK, 10150, THAILAND;PILOT PLANT DEVELOPMENT AND TRAINING INSTITUTE (PDTI), KING MONGKUT'S UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY THONBURI (KMUTT), BANGKOK, 10150, THAILAND;DIVISION OF BIOCHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY, SCHOOL OF BIORESOURCES AND TECHNOLOGY, KING MONGKUT'S UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY THONBURI, BANGKHUNTIEN, BANGKOK, 10150, THAILAND;DEPARTMENT OF NUTRITION, FACULTY OF PUBLIC HEALTH, MAHIDOL UNIVERSITY, RACHATHEWI, BANGKOK, 10400, THAILAND;DIVISION OF BIOCHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY, SCHOOL OF BIORESOURCES AND TECHNOLOGY, KING MONGKUT'S UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY THONBURI, BANGKHUNTIEN, BANGKOK, 10150, THAILAND;DIVISION OF BIOCHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY, SCHOOL OF BIORESOURCES AND TECHNOLOGY, KING MONGKUT'S UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY THONBURI, BANGKHUNTIEN, BANGKOK, 10150, THAILAND","THIS STUDY EXAMINES THE TOTAL LIPID, POLICOSANOL (PC), TOCOLS, AND Γ-ORYZANOL CONTENTS, AND FATTY ACID COMPOSITION IN RICE BRAN (RB) OBTAINED FROM 4 MIN-POLISHED BROWN RICE OF 13 THAI RICE VARIETIES, WITH A NEW EMPHASIS ON THE PC CONTENT AND COMPOSITION. THE TOTAL PC CONTENT IN THE OIL EXTRACTED FROM RB RANGED FROM 2776 TO 7274 ΜG/G. SUNGYOD RICE HAD THE HIGHEST TOTAL PC CONTENT AT 7274 ΜG/G, FOLLOWED CLOSELY BY NIAW DUM MOR AT 6407 ΜG/G, AND RD10 AT 6308 ΜG/G. THE BRAN OF THAI RICE VARIETIES CONTAINED TRIACONTANOL, DOTRIACONTANOL, AND TETRATRIACONTANOL AS THEIR MAIN COMPONENTS. SUNGYOD RICE HAD SIGNIFICANTLY MORE OCTACOSANOL. CONSIDERING THE PC COMPOSITION, BLACK-PIGMENTED GLUTINOUS RICE VARIETIES, LEUM PUA AND NIAW DUM MOR, HAD HIGHER HEXATRIACONTANOL AND OCTATRIACONTANOL LEVELS. THE TOTAL LIPIDS IN RICE BRAN (RB) RANGED FROM 14.9 TO 22.1 G/100 G. THE KEY FATTY ACIDS FOUND IN THE THAI RICE VARIETIES INCLUDED OLEIC ACID (37.8–43.0%), LINOLEIC ACID (30.3–36.4%), AND PALMITIC ACID (14.2–21.6%). IN TERMS OF OTHER BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS, LEUM PUA HAD THE HIGHEST TOCOLS LEVEL AT 635 ΜG/G RB, WHILE PATHUM THANI 1 SHOWED AN IMPRESSIVE Γ-ORYZANOL LEVEL OF 4011 ΜG/G RB. THESE FINDINGS SUGGEST THAT CERTAIN THAI RICE VARIETIES HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO BE RICH SOURCES OF LIPIDS, PC, AND BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS. © 2023 ELSEVIER INC.","FATTY ACID PROFILE; LONG CHAIN FATTY ALCOHOL; POLICOSANOL; RICE BRAN OIL; RICE VARIETIES; TOCOLS; TOTAL LIPID; Γ-ORYZANOL","","THAILAND RESEARCH FUND, TRF, (PHD/0204/2561); NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF THAILAND, NRCT; THAILAND SCIENCE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION, TSRI","THE WORK WAS SUPPORTED BY THAILAND RESEARCH FUND THROUGH THE ROYAL GOLDEN JUBILEE PH.D. PROGRAM UNDER GRANT PHD/0204/2561 , THAILAND SCIENCE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION (TSRI) AND THE NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF THAILAND (NRCT) . BASIC RESEARCH FUND: FISCAL YEAR 2023 UNDER PROJECT NUMBER FRB660073/0164 . ","ANWAR F., ANWER T., MAHMOOD Z., METHODICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF RICE (ORYZA SATIVA) BRAN OIL FROM PAKISTAN, GRASAS Y. 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ANAL.","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-85179110915","J FOOD COMPOS ANAL","KING MONGKUT'S UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY THONBURI;KING MONGKUT'S UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY THONBURI (KMUTT);KING MONGKUT'S UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY THONBURI (KMUTT);KING MONGKUT'S UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY THONBURI;MAHIDOL UNIVERSITY;KING MONGKUT'S UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY THONBURI;KING MONGKUT'S UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY THONBURI","NOTREPORTED;KING MONGKUT'S UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY THONBURI (KMUTT);NOTREPORTED",NA,"SIRIPATTANAKULKAJORN C, 2024, J FOOD COMPOS ANAL","SIRIPATTANAKULKAJORN C, 2024, J FOOD COMPOS ANAL"
"DOG T;RILEY D","DOG, TIERAONA LOW (6603331026); RILEY, DAVID (7402919742)","MANAGEMENT OF HYPERLIPIDEMIA",2003,"ALTERNATIVE THERAPIES IN HEALTH AND MEDICINE","9","12",12,"","","[NO ABSTRACT AVAILABLE]","","ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ALLICIN; ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; ANTILIPEMIC AGENT; ANTIOXIDANT; ASCORBIC ACID; BETA CAROTENE; CHOLESTIN; CITRININ; CYNARA SCOLYMUS EXTRACT; DILTIAZEM; FIBRIC ACID DERIVATIVE; GUGGULSTERONE; HOMOCYSTEINE; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; ISOFLAVONE DERIVATIVE; LIPOPROTEIN; MEVINOLIN; NICOTINIC ACID; OMEGA 3 FATTY ACID; PHYTOSTEROL; POLICOSANOL; PRAVASTATIN; PROPRANOLOL; RESIN; SELENIUM; SIMVASTATIN; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; UNINDEXED DRUG; WARFARIN; ABDOMINAL PAIN; AMMI VISNAGA; ARTICHOKE; BLEEDING; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CLINICAL TRIAL; COMMIPHORA; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; CRATAEGUS; DIARRHEA; DIET; DIET SUPPLEMENTATION; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG COST; DRUG MECHANISM; EPIDURAL HEMATOMA; FLUSHING; FOOD DRUG INTERACTION; GARLIC; GINGER; GOUT; HEADACHE; HERBAL MEDICINE; HUMAN; HYPERGLYCEMIA; HYPERLIPIDEMIA; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; LIFESTYLE; LIVER TOXICITY; MONASCUS PURPUREUS; MULTICENTER STUDY; NAUSEA; POSTOPERATIVE INFECTION; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RASH; RESTLESSNESS; REVIEW; RICE; RISK FACTOR; SIDE EFFECT; TEA","","","EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE THIRD REPORT OF THE NATIONAL CHOLESTEROL EDUCATION PROGRAM (NCEP) EXPERT PANEL ON DETECTION, EVALUATION, AND TREATMENT OF HIGH BLOOD CHOLESTEROL IN ADULTS (ADULT TREATMENT PANEL III), JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, 285, MAY 16, (2001); AUSTIN M.A., HOKANSON J.E., EDWARDS K.L., HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA AS A CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTOR, AM J CARDIOL, 81, (1998); ASSMANN G., SCHULTE H., FUNKE H., VON ECKARDSTEIN A., THE EMERGENCE OF TRIGLYCERIDES AS A SIGNIFICANT INDEPENDENT RISK FACTOR IN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE, EUR HEART J, 19, SUPPL. 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(23985899500)","2019 ESCEAS GUIDELINES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF DYSLIPIDAEMIAS LIPID MODIFICATION TO REDUCE CARDIOVASCULAR RISK",2019,"ATHEROSCLEROSIS","290","65",655,"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.08.014","CARDIOLOGY DEPARTMENT, GENEVA UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, 4 GABRIELLE-PERRET-GENTIL, GENEVA, 1211, SWITZERLAND;NUFFIELD DEPARTMENT OF POPULATION HEALTH, UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD, RICHARD DOLL BUILDING, ROOSEVELT DRIVE, OXFORD OX3 7LF, UNITED KINGDOM, UNITED KINGDOM;DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGICAL AND BIOMOLECULAR SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF MILAN, MULTIMEDICA IRCCS, VIA BALZARETTI, 9, MILAN, 20133, ITALY;CARDIOLOGY, BERN UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL (INSELSPITAL), BERN, SWITZERLAND;EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PREVENTIVE PHARMACOLOGY SERVICE (SEFAP), DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGICAL AND BIOMOLECULAR SCIENCES (DISFEB), UNIVERSITY OF MILAN, MILAN, ITALY, IRCCS MULTIMEDICA, SESTO S. GIOVANNI, MILAN, ITALY;CARDIOVASCULAR PROGRAM-ICCC AND CIBERCV, IR-HOSPITAL DE LA SANTA CREU I SANT PAU, BARCELONA, SPAIN;NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR HEALTH AND MEDICAL RESEARCH (INSERM), PARIS, FRANCE, DIVISION OF ENDOCRINOLOGY- METABOLISM, PITIE-SALPETRIERE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, PARIS, FRANCE, SORBONNE UNIVERSITY, PARIS, FRANCE;PUBLIC HEALTH AND PRIMARY CARE, FACULTY OF MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCES, GHENT UNIVERSITY, GHENT, BELGIUM;CARDIOLOGY, LEIDEN UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER, LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS, NETHERLANDS;CENTRE FOR NATURALLY RANDOMIZED TRIALS, DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND PRIMARY CARE, UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE, CAMBRIDGE, UNITED KINGDOM;CARDIOLOGY, TRINITY COLLEGE, DUBLIN, IRELAND;NUFFIELD DEPARTMENT OF SURGERY, UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD, NIHR OXFORD BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH CENTRE, OXFORD, UNITED KINGDOM;DEPARTMENT OF CARDIOLOGY, CHARITE UNIVERSITÄTSMEDIZIN BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY, BERLIN INSTITUTE OF HEALTH (BIH), BERLIN, GERMANY, GERMAN CENTER OF CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH (DZHK), BERLIN, GERMANY, GERMANY;NUFFIELD DEPARTMENT OF POPULATION HEALTH, NIHR OXFORD BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH CENTRE, UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD, OXFORD, UNITED KINGDOM, BARTS AND THE LONDON SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND DENTISTRY, QUEEN MARY UNIVERSITY OF LONDON, LONDON, UNITED KINGDOM;PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY, OSLO UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, AKER, OSLO, NORWAY;CLINICAL MEDICINE AND SURGERY, FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY, NAPLES, ITALY;CARDIAC DEPARTMENT, EUROCLINIC, ATHENS, GREECE, GREECE;TIMI STUDY GROUP, DIVISION OF CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE, BRIGHAM, WOMEN'S HOSPITAL AND HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL, BOSTON, MA, UNITED STATES;RESEARCH PROGRAM FOR CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR METABOLISM, UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI, HELSINKI, FINLAND;CARDIOLOGY, HACETTEPE UNIVERSITY, ANKARA, TURKEY;INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE, THE SAHLGRENSKA ACADEMY AT UNIVERSITY OF GOTHENBURG, GOTHENBURG, SWEDEN;SWITZERLAND;FRANCE;FRANCE;FRANCE;UNITED KINGDOM;UNITED KINGDOM;NETHERLANDS;NORWAY;GERMANY;FRANCE;CANADA;GERMANY;FRANCE;ITALY;ISRAEL;HUNGARY;SWITZERLAND;UNITED KINGDOM;ITALY;SWITZERLAND;RUSSIAN FEDERATION;UNITED KINGDOM;PORTUGAL;UNITED KINGDOM;ALGERIAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, ALGERIA;ARMENIAN CARDIOLOGISTS ASSOCIATION, ARMENIA;AUSTRIAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, AUSTRIA;AZERBAIJAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, AZERBAIJAN;BELGIAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, BELGIUM;ASSOCIATION OF CARDIOLOGISTS OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA, BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA;BULGARIAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, BULGARIA;CYPRUS SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, CYPRUS;CZECH SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, CZECH REPUBLIC;DANISH SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, DENMARK;EGYPTIAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, EGYPT;ESTONIAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, ESTONIA;FINNISH CARDIAC SOCIETY, FINLAND;FRENCH SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, FRANCE;GEORGIAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, GEORGIA;GERMAN CARDIAC SOCIETY, GERMANY;HELLENIC SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, GREECE;HUNGARIAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, HUNGARY;ICELANDIC SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, ICELAND;IRISH CARDIAC SOCIETY, IRELAND;ISRAEL HEART SOCIETY, ISRAEL;ITALIAN FEDERATION OF CARDIOLOGY, ITALY;ASSOCIATION OF CARDIOLOGISTS OF KAZAKHSTAN, KAZAKHSTAN;KOSOVO SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, SERBIA;KYRGYZ SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, KYRGYZSTAN;LATVIAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, LATVIA;LEBANESE SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, LEBANON;LITHUANIAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, LITHUANIA;LUXEMBOURG SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, LUXEMBOURG;MALTESE CARDIAC SOCIETY, MALTA;MOLDAVIAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, MOLDOVA;MONTENEGRO SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, MONTENEGRO;MOROCCAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, MOROCCO;NETHERLANDS SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, NETHERLANDS;NORTH MACEDONIAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, NORTH MACEDONIA;NORWEGIAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, NORWAY;POLISH CARDIAC SOCIETY, POLAND;PORTUGUESE SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, PORTUGAL;ROMANIAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, ROMANIA;RUSSIAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, RUSSIAN FEDERATION;SAN MARINO SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, SAN MARINO;CARDIOLOGY SOCIETY OF SERBIA, SERBIA;SLOVAK SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, SLOVAKIA;SLOVENIAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, SLOVENIA;SPANISH SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, SPAIN;SWEDISH SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, SWEDEN;SWISS SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, SWITZERLAND;TUNISIAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY AND CARDIO-VASCULAR SURGERY, TUNISIA;TURKISH SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY, TURKEY;UKRAINIAN ASSOCIATION OF CARDIOLOGY, UKRAINE;BRITISH CARDIOVASCULAR SOCIETY, IRELAND","[NO ABSTRACT AVAILABLE]","APOLIPOPROTEIN B; CHOLESTEROL; DYSLIPIDAEMIAS; FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLAEMIA; GUIDELINES; HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS; LIPOPROTEIN REMNANTS; LIPOPROTEIN(A); LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS; TOTAL CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; TREATMENT (ADHERENCE); TREATMENT (DRUGS); TREATMENT (LIFESTYLE); TRIGLYCERIDES; VERY LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS","ADULT; AGED; BIOMARKERS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CONSENSUS; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; DYSLIPIDEMIAS; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYPOLIPIDEMIC AGENTS; LIPIDS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTORS; RISK REDUCTION BEHAVIOR; TREATMENT OUTCOME; ANTILIPEMIC AGENT; BERBERINE; BILE ACID SEQUESTRANT; CHOLESTEROL; CHOLESTEROL ESTER TRANSFER PROTEIN INHIBITOR; CHOLESTIN; ENZYME; ESTROGEN; EZETIMIBE; FIBRIC ACID DERIVATIVE; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; LIPID; LIPOPROTEIN; LIPOPROTEIN A; LOMITAPIDE; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; MIPOMERSEN; MONACOLIN; NICOTINIC ACID; OMEGA 3 FATTY ACID; PHYTOSTEROL; POLICOSANOL; PROPROTEIN CONVERTASE 9; SERINE PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; SOYBEAN PROTEIN; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; ANTILIPEMIC AGENT; BIOLOGICAL MARKER; LIPID; ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURYSM; ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME; ACUTE PANCREATITIS; ADVERSE DRUG REACTION; AGING; ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; ARTERY DISEASE; ARTICLE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; BODY WEIGHT; BRAIN HEMORRHAGE; CARBOHYDRATE DIET; CARDIAC IMAGING; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CAROTID ARTERY DISEASE; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CHILDHOOD DISEASE; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE; CORONARY ARTERY ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIETARY FIBER; DIETARY SUPPLEMENT; DISEASE SEVERITY; DISORDERS OF LIPOPROTEIN METABOLISM; DRUG INTERACTION; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG SAFETY; DYSLIPIDEMIA; FAMILIAL DISEASE; FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; FAMILIAL HYPERLIPEMIA; FASTING; FAT INTAKE; FUNCTIONAL FOOD; GENETIC DISORDER; HEALTHY LIFESTYLE; HEART FAILURE; HEREDITY; HETEROZYGOSITY; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL LEVEL; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HOMOZYGOSITY; HORMONAL THERAPY; HUMAN; HYPERLIPIDEMIA; HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA TYPE 3; HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA; INFLAMMATION; INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; INSULIN RESISTANCE; KIDNEY DISEASE; KIDNEY FUNCTION; LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION; LIPID BLOOD LEVEL; LIPID FINGERPRINTING; LIPOPROTEIN BLOOD LEVEL; LIVER DISEASE; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL LEVEL; LOWER LIMB; MEDICATION COMPLIANCE; MORBIDITY; MYOPATHY; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; NON INVASIVE PROCEDURE; ONSET AGE; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PATIENT COMPLIANCE; PATIENT MONITORING; PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION; PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PREGNANT WOMAN; PRIMARY PREVENTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RENOVASCULAR DISEASE; RETINAL VASCULAR DISEASE; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK REDUCTION; SECONDARY PREVENTION; SEX DIFFERENCE; SMOKING; TRANSPLANTATION; TRIACYLGLYCEROL BLOOD LEVEL; TRIACYLGLYCEROL LEVEL; VALVULAR HEART DISEASE; ADULT; AGED; BLOOD; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; COMBINATION DRUG THERAPY; CONSENSUS; DYSLIPIDEMIA; FEMALE; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; RISK FACTOR; RISK REDUCTION; TREATMENT OUTCOME","","","CATAPANO A.L., GRAHAM I., DE BACKER G., WIKLUND O., CHAPMAN M.J., DREXEL H., HOES A.W., JENNINGS C.S., LANDMESSER U., PEDERSEN T.R., REINER Z., RICCARDI G., TASKINEN M.R., TOKGOZOGLU L., VERSCHUREN W.M.M., VLACHOPOULOS C., WOOD D.A., ZAMORANO J.L., COONEY M.T., ESC SCIENTIFIC DOCUMENT GROUP, ESC/EAS GUIDELINES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF DYSLIPIDAEMIAS, EUR. HEART J., 37, PP. 2999-3058, (2016); FERENCE B.A., GINSBERG H.N., GRAHAM I., RAY K.K., PACKARD C.J., BRUCKERT E., HEGELE R.A., KRAUSS R.M., RAAL F.J., SCHUNKERT H., WATTS G.F., BOREN J., FAZIO S., HORTON J.D., MASANA L., NICHOLLS S.J., NORDESTGAARD B.G., VAN DE SLUIS B., TASKINEN M.R., TOKGOZOGLU L., LANDMESSER U., LAUFS U., WIKLUND O., STOCK J.K., CHAPMAN M.J., CATAPANO A.L., LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS CAUSE ATHEROSCLEROTIC CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE. 1. EVIDENCE FROM GENETIC, EPIDEMIOLOGIC, AND CLINICAL STUDIES. A CONSENSUS STATEMENT FROM THE EUROPEAN ATHEROSCLEROSIS SOCIETY CONSENSUS PANEL, EUR. HEART J., 38, PP. 2459-2472, (2017); TOWNSEND N., NICHOLS M., SCARBOROUGH P., RAYNER M., CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN EUROPE--EPIDEMIOLOGICAL UPDATE 2015, EUR. HEART J., 36, PP. 2696-2705, (2015); COONEY M.T., DUDINA A., WHINCUP P., CAPEWELL S., MENOTTI A., JOUSILAHTI P., NJOLSTAD I., OGANOV R., THOMSEN T., TVERDAL A., WEDEL H., WILHELMSEN L., GRAHAM I., INVESTIGATORS S.C.O.R.E., RE-EVALUATING THE ROSE APPROACH: COMPARATIVE BENEFITS OF THE POPULATION AND HIGH-RISK PREVENTIVE STRATEGIES, EUR. J. CARDIOVASC. PREV. REHABIL., 16, PP. 541-549, (2009); WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, GLOBAL STATUS REPORT ON NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES 2014, WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, (2014); COONEY M.T., DUDINA A.L., GRAHAM I.M., VALUE AND LIMITATIONS OF EXISTING SCORES FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK: A REVIEW FOR CLINICIANS, J. AM. COLL. CARDIOL., 54, PP. 1209-1227, (2009); HAJIFATHALIAN K., UEDA P., LU Y., WOODWARD M., AHMADVAND A., AGUILAR-SALINAS C.A., AZIZI F., CIFKOVA R., DI CESARE M., ERIKSEN L., FARZADFAR F., IKEDA N., KHALILI D., KHANG Y.H., LANSKA V., LEON-MUNOZ L., MAGLIANO D., MSYAMBOZA K.P., OH K., RODRIGUEZ-ARTALEJO F., ROJAS-MARTINEZ R., SHAW J.E., STEVENS G.A., TOLSTRUP J., ZHOU B., SALOMON J.A., EZZATI M., DANAEI G., A NOVEL RISK SCORE TO PREDICT CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE RISK IN NATIONAL POPULATIONS (GLOBORISK): A POOLED ANALYSIS OF PROSPECTIVE COHORTS AND HEALTH EXAMINATION SURVEYS, LANCET DIABETES ENDOCRINOL, 3, PP. 339-355, (2015); COONEY M.T., DUDINA A., D'AGOSTINO R., GRAHAM I.M., CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-ESTIMATION SYSTEMS IN PRIMARY PREVENTION: DO THEY DIFFER? DO THEY MAKE A DIFFERENCE? CAN WE SEE THE FUTURE?, CIRCULATION, 122, PP. 300-310, (2010); PERK J., DE BACKER G., GOHLKE H., GRAHAM I., REINER Z., VERSCHUREN M., ALBUS C., BENLIAN P., BOYSEN G., CIFKOVA R., DEATON C., EBRAHIM S., FISHER M., GERMANO G., HOBBS R., HOES A., KARADENIZ S., MEZZANI A., PRESCOTT E., RYDEN L., SCHERER M., SYVANNE M., SCHOLTE OP REIMER W.J., VRINTS C., WOOD D., ZAMORANO J.L., ZANNAD F., EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION FOR CARDIOVASCULAR PREVENTION & REHABILITATION; ESC COMMITTEE FOR PRACTICE GUIDELINES (CPG). EUROPEAN GUIDELINES ON CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE PREVENTION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE (VERSION 2012). THE FIFTH JOINT TASK FORCE OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY AND OTHER SOCIETIES ON CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE PREVENTION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE (CONSTITUTED BY REPRESENTATIVES OF NINE SOCIETIES AND BY INVITED EXPERTS), EUR. HEART J., 33, PP. 1635-1701, (2012); PIEPOLI M.F., HOES A.W., AGEWALL S., ALBUS C., BROTONS C., CATAPANO A.L., COONEY M.T., CORRA U., COSYNS B., DEATON C., GRAHAM I., HALL M.S., HOBBS F.D., LOCHEN M.L., LOLLGEN H., MARQUES-VIDAL P., PERK J., PRESCOTT E., REDON J., RICHTER D.J., SATTAR N., SMULDERS Y., TIBERI M., VAN DER WORP H.B., VAN DIS I., VERSCHUREN W.M., AUTHORS/TASK FORCE M., EUROPEAN GUIDELINES ON CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE PREVENTION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE: THE SIXTH JOINT TASK FORCE OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY AND OTHER SOCIETIES ON CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE PREVENTION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE (CONSTITUTED BY REPRESENTATIVES OF 10 SOCIETIES AND BY INVITED EXPERTS)DEVELOPED WITH THE SPECIAL CONTRIBUTION OF THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION FOR CARDIOVASCULAR PREVENTION & REHABILITATION (EACPR), EUR. HEART J., 37, PP. 2315-2381, (2016); COONEY M.T., SELMER R., LINDMAN A., TVERDAL A., MENOTTI A., THOMSEN T., DEBACKER G., DE BACQUER D., TELL G.S., NJOLSTAD I., GRAHAM I.M., SCORE AND CONOR INVESTIGATORS, CARDIOVASCULAR RISK ESTIMATION IN OLDER PERSONS: SCORE O.P, EUR J PREV CARDIOL, 23, PP. 1093-1103, (2016); BERRY J.D., DYER A., CAI X., GARSIDE D.B., NING H., THOMAS A., GREENLAND P., VAN HORN L., TRACY R.P., LLOYD-JONES D.M., LIFETIME RISKS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, N. ENGL. J. MED., 366, PP. 321-329, (2012); FOSTER H.M.E., CELIS-MORALES C.A., NICHOLL B.I., PETERMANN-ROCHA F., PELL J.P., GILL J.M.R., O'DONNELL C.A., MAIR F.S., THE EFFECT OF SOCIOECONOMIC DEPRIVATION ON THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN AN EXTENDED MEASUREMENT OF UNHEALTHY LIFESTYLE FACTORS AND HEALTH OUTCOMES: A PROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE UK BIOBANK COHORT, LANCET PUBLIC HEALTH, 3, PP. E576-E585, (2018); KAVOUSI M., ELIAS-SMALE S., RUTTEN J.H., LEENING M.J., VLIEGENTHART R., VERWOERT G.C., KRESTIN G.P., OUDKERK M., DE MAAT M.P., LEEBEEK F.W., MATTACE-RASO F.U., LINDEMANS J., HOFMAN A., STEYERBERG E.W., VAN DER LUGT A., VAN DEN MEIRACKER A.H., WITTEMAN J.C., EVALUATION OF NEWER RISK MARKERS FOR CORONARY HEART DISEASE RISK CLASSIFICATION: A COHORT STUDY, ANN. INTERN. MED., 156, PP. 438-444, (2012); VLACHOPOULOS C., XAPLANTERIS P., ABOYANS V., BRODMANN M., CIFKOVA R., COSENTINO F., DE CARLO M., GALLINO A., LANDMESSER U., LAURENT S., LEKAKIS J., MIKHAILIDIS D.P., NAKA K.K., PROTOGEROU A.D., RIZZONI D., SCHMIDT-TRUCKSASS A., VAN BORTEL L., WEBER T., YAMASHINA A., ZIMLICHMAN R., BOUTOUYRIE P., COCKCROFT J., O'ROURKE M., PARK J.B., SCHILLACI G., SILLESEN H., TOWNSEND R.R., THE ROLE OF VASCULAR BIOMARKERS FOR PRIMARY AND SECONDARY PREVENTION. A POSITION PAPER FROM THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY WORKING GROUP ON PERIPHERAL CIRCULATION: ENDORSED BY THE ASSOCIATION FOR RESEARCH INTO ARTERIAL STRUCTURE AND PHYSIOLOGY (ARTERY) SOCIETY, ATHEROSCLEROSIS, 241, PP. 507-532, (2015); YEBOAH J., MCCLELLAND R.L., POLONSKY T.S., BURKE G.L., SIBLEY C.T., O'LEARY D., CARR J.J., GOFF D.C., GREENLAND P., HERRINGTON D.M., COMPARISON OF NOVEL RISK MARKERS FOR IMPROVEMENT IN CARDIOVASCULAR RISK ASSESSMENT IN INTERMEDIATE-RISK INDIVIDUALS, J. AM. MED. ASSOC., 308, PP. 788-795, (2012); MADSEN C.M., VARBO A., NORDESTGAARD B.G., EXTREME HIGH HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL IS PARADOXICALLY ASSOCIATED WITH HIGH MORTALITY IN MEN AND WOMEN: TWO PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDIES, EUR. 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MACH; CARDIOLOGY DEPARTMENT, GENEVA UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, GENEVA, 4 GABRIELLE-PERRET-GENTIL, 1211, SWITZERLAND; EMAIL: FRANCOIS.MACH@HCUGE.CH","ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD","ENGLISH","ATHEROSCLEROSIS","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-85072794956","ATHEROSCLEROSIS","GENEVA UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL;UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD;UNIVERSITY OF MILAN;BERN UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL (INSELSPITAL);UNIVERSITY OF MILAN;IR-HOSPITAL DE LA SANTA CREU I SANT PAU;PITIE-SALPETRIERE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL;GHENT UNIVERSITY;LEIDEN UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER;UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE;TRINITY COLLEGE;UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD;CHARITE UNIVERSITÄTSMEDIZIN BERLIN;UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD;OSLO UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL;FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY;EUROCLINIC;WOMEN'S HOSPITAL AND HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL;UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI;HACETTEPE UNIVERSITY;THE SAHLGRENSKA ACADEMY AT UNIVERSITY OF GOTHENBURG;ARMENIAN CARDIOLOGISTS ASSOCIATION;ASSOCIATION OF CARDIOLOGISTS OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA;ASSOCIATION OF CARDIOLOGISTS OF KAZAKHSTAN;UKRAINIAN ASSOCIATION OF CARDIOLOGY","NOTREPORTED;GENEVA UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL;NOTREPORTED",NA,"MACH F, 2019, ATHEROSCLEROSIS","MACH F, 2019, ATHEROSCLEROSIS"
"PATEL S","PATEL, SEEMA (35750270400)","FUNCTIONAL FOOD RED YEAST RICE RYR FOR METABOLIC SYNDROME AMELIORATION A REVIEW ON PROS AND CONS",2016,"WORLD JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY","32","",68,"10.1007/s11274-016-2035-2","BIOINFORMATICS AND MEDICAL INFORMATICS RESEARCH CENTER, SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY, 5500 CAMPANILE DR, SAN DIEGO, 92182, CA, UNITED STATES","ABSTRACT: RED YEAST RICE (RYR), THE FERMENTATION PRODUCT OF MOLD MONASCUS PURPUREUS HAS BEEN AN INTEGRAL PART OF ORIENTAL FOOD AND TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE, LONG BEFORE THE DISCOVERY OF THEIR MEDICINAL ROLES. WITH THE IDENTIFICATION OF BIOACTIVE COMPONENTS AS POLYKETIDE PIGMENTS (STATINS), AND UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS, RYR HAS GAINED A NUTRACEUTICAL STATUS. HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC EFFECT OF THIS FERMENTED COMPOUND HAS BEEN VALIDATED AND MONACOLIN K HAS BEEN RECOGNIZED AS THE PIVOTAL COMPONENT IN CHOLESTEROL ALLEVIATION. FUNCTIONAL SIMILARITY WITH COMMERCIAL DRUG LOVASTATIN SANS THE SIDE EFFECTS HAS CATAPULTED ITS POPULARITY IN OTHER PARTS OF THE WORLD AS WELL. APART FROM THE HYPOTENSIVE ROLE, AMELIORATIVE BENEFITS OF RYR AS ANTI-INFLAMMATORY, ANTIDIABETIC, ANTICANCER AND OSTEOGENIC AGENT HAVE EMERGED, FUELING INTENSE RESEARCH ON IT. MECHANISTIC STUDIES HAVE REVEALED THEIR INTERACTION WITH FUNCTIONAL AGENTS LIKE COENZYME Q10, ASTAXANTHIN, VITAMIN D, FOLIC ACID, POLICOSANOL, AND BERBERINE. ON THE OTHER HAND, CONCURRENCE OF MYCOTOXIN CITRININ AND VARIABLE CONTENT OF STATIN HAS MARRED ITS INTEGRATION IN MAINSTREAM MEDICATION. IN THIS DISPUTABLE SCENARIO, EVALUATION OF THE SCOPES AND LACUNAE TO OVERCOME SEEMS TO CONTRIBUTE TO AN EMINENT AREA OF HEALTHCARE. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: RED YEAST RICE (RYR), THE RICE-BASED FERMENTATION PRODUCT OF MOLD MONASCUS PURPUREUS IS A FUNCTIONAL FOOD. ITS BIOACTIVE COMPONENT MONACOLIN K ACTS LIKE SYNTHETIC DRUG LOVASTATIN, WITHOUT THE SEVERE SIDE EFFECTS OF THE LATTER. RYR HAS BEEN VALIDATED TO LOWER CHOLESTEROL, CONTROL HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE; CONFER ANTI-FLAMMATION, HYPOGLYCAEMIC, ANTICANCER AND OSTEOGENIC PROPERTIES. HOWEVER, DOSE INCONSISTENCY AND CO-OCCURRENCE OF TOXIN CITRININ HAMPERS ITS DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION PROSPECT. FURTHER RESEARCH MIGHT FACILITATE DEVELOPMENT OF RYR AS A NUTRACEUTICAL.[FIGURE NOT AVAILABLE: SEE FULLTEXT.] © 2016, SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA DORDRECHT.","DYSLIPIDEMIA; LOVASTATIN; MONACOLIN; MONASCUS; RED YEAST RICE","ANIMALS; BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS; FUNCTIONAL FOOD; HUMANS; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; MONASCUS; ORYZA; BLOOD PRESSURE; CHOLESTEROL; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS; FATTY ACIDS; FERMENTATION; KETONES; MEDICAL APPLICATIONS; MEDICINE; MOLDS; PIGMENTS; UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS; YEAST; BIOLOGICAL PRODUCT; CHOLESTIN; DYSLIPIDEMIAS; LOVASTATIN; MONACOLIN; MONASCUS; RED YEAST RICE; ADVERSE EFFECTS; ANALYSIS; ANIMAL; CHEMISTRY; DIET THERAPY; FUNCTIONAL FOOD; HUMAN; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; METABOLISM; MICROBIOLOGY; MONASCUS; ORYZA; FUNCTIONAL FOOD","","","ABDELBASET M., SAFAR M.M., MAHMOUD S.S., ET AL., RED YEAST RICE AND COENZYME Q10 AS SAFE ALTERNATIVES TO SURMOUNT ATORVASTATIN-INDUCED MYOPATHY IN HYPERLIPIDEMIC RATS, CAN J PHYSIOL PHARMACOL, 92, PP. 481-489, (2014); AFFUSO F., A NUTRACEUTICAL COMBINATION IMPROVES INSULIN SENSITIVITY IN PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME, WORLD J CARDIOL, 4, (2012); 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CRIT REV FOOD SCI NUTR, DOI:10.1080/10408398.2015.1018987, (2015); YANG C.W., MOUSA S.A., THE EFFECT OF RED YEAST RICE (MONASCUS PURPUREUS) IN DYSLIPIDEMIA AND OTHER DISORDERS, COMPLEMENT THER MED, 20, PP. 466-474, (2012); YANG N.-C., CHOU C.-W., CHEN C.-Y., ET AL., COMBINED NATTOKINASE WITH RED YEAST RICE BUT NOT NATTOKINASE ALONE HAS POTENT EFFECTS ON BLOOD LIPIDS IN HUMAN SUBJECTS WITH HYPERLIPIDEMIA, ASIA PAC J CLIN NUTR, 18, PP. 310-317, (2009); ZANARDI M., QUIRICO E., BENVENUTI C., PEZZANA A., USE OF A LIPID-LOWERING FOOD SUPPLEMENT IN PATIENTS ON HORMONE THERAPY FOLLOWING BREAST CANCER, MINERVA GINECOL, 64, PP. 431-435, (2012); ZHANG B.-B., LU L.-P., XU G.-R., WHY SOLID-STATE FERMENTATION IS MORE ADVANTAGEOUS OVER SUBMERGED FERMENTATION FOR CONVERTING HIGH CONCENTRATION OF GLYCEROL INTO MONACOLIN K BY MONASCUS PURPUREUS 9901: A MECHANISTIC STUDY, J BIOTECHNOL, 206, PP. 60-65, (2015); ZHOU G., FU L., LI X., OPTIMISATION OF ULTRASOUND-ASSISTED EXTRACTION CONDITIONS FOR MAXIMAL RECOVERY OF ACTIVE MONACOLINS AND REMOVAL OF TOXIC CITRININ FROM RED YEAST RICE BY A FULL FACTORIAL DESIGN COUPLED WITH RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY, FOOD CHEM, 170, PP. 186-192, (2015); ZHU L., LU J.-G., LI T., ET AL., IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE DECALIN DERIVATIVES FROM RED YEAST RICE, J NAT PROD, 75, PP. 567-571, (2012); ZHU L., YAU L.-F., LU J.-G., ET AL., CYTOTOXIC DEHYDROMONACOLINS FROM RED YEAST RICE, J AGRIC FOOD CHEM, 60, PP. 934-939, (2012); ZHU L., HAN Q.-B., HO A., ET AL., CHARACTERIZATION AND SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE DECALINS IN RED YEAST RICE BY ULTRA-HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY HYPHENATED WITH MASS SPECTROMETRY, J CHROMATOGR A, 1303, PP. 54-61, (2013); ZHU X.-Y., LI P., YANG Y.-B., LIU M.-L., XUEZHIKANG, EXTRACT OF RED YEAST RICE, IMPROVED ABNORMAL HEMORHEOLOGY, SUPPRESSED CAVEOLIN-1 AND INCREASED ENOS EXPRESSION IN ATHEROSCLEROTIC RATS, PLOS ONE, 8, (2013)","S. PATEL; BIOINFORMATICS AND MEDICAL INFORMATICS RESEARCH CENTER, SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY, SAN DIEGO, 5500 CAMPANILE DR, 92182, UNITED STATES; EMAIL: SEEMABIOTECH83@GMAIL.COM","SPRINGER NETHERLANDS","ENGLISH","WORLD J. MICROBIOL. BIOTECHNOL.","REVIEW","ISI","2-S2.0-84962168129","WORLD J MICROBIOL BIOTECHNOL","SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY","NOTREPORTED;SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY;NOTDECLARED",NA,"PATEL S, 2016, WORLD J MICROBIOL BIOTECHNOL","PATEL S, 2016, WORLD J MICROBIOL BIOTECHNOL"
"WONGWAIWECH D;KAMCHONEMENUKOOL S;HO C;DETYOTHIN S;KASEMWEERASAN P;WEERAWATANAKORN M","WONGWAIWECH, DONPORN (57202775373); KAMCHONEMENUKOOL, SUDTHIDA (57219992228); HO, CHI-TANG (56510763200); DETYOTHIN, SUKEEWAN (55882604500); KASEMWEERASAN, PATTANAN (57557234400); WEERAWATANAKORN, MONTHANA (55976489600)","ANALYTICAL PROCEDURAL VALIDATION OF POLICOSANOL COMPOUNDS",2022,"FOOD ANALYTICAL METHODS","15","9",1,"10.1007/s12161-022-02265-8","DEPARTMENT OF AGRO-INDUSTRY, NARESUAN UNIVERSITY, 99 MOO 9, THA PHO, PHITSANULOK, 65000, THAILAND;DEPARTMENT OF AGRO-INDUSTRY, NARESUAN UNIVERSITY, 99 MOO 9, THA PHO, PHITSANULOK, 65000, THAILAND;DEPARTMENT OF FOOD SCIENCE, RUTGERS UNIVERSITY, 65 DUDLEY ROAD, NEW BRUNSWICK, 08901, NJ, UNITED STATES;DEPARTMENT OF AGRO-INDUSTRY, NARESUAN UNIVERSITY, 99 MOO 9, THA PHO, PHITSANULOK, 65000, THAILAND;NATIONAL BUREAU OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY AND FOOD STANDARDS, 50 PHAHOLYOTHIN ROAD, LADYAO CHATUCHAK, BANGKOK, 10900, THAILAND;DEPARTMENT OF AGRO-INDUSTRY, NARESUAN UNIVERSITY, 99 MOO 9, THA PHO, PHITSANULOK, 65000, THAILAND","CURRENTLY, THE WIDELY ACCEPTED METHOD FOR DETERMINING POLICOSANOL CONTENTS IS GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY (GC–MS), BUT MEASUREMENT METHOD VALIDATION IS LACKING. THE VALIDATION IS ESSENTIAL TO IMPROVE MEASUREMENT EFFICIENCY FOR GREATER ACCURACY AND PRECISION. THE AIM OF THE STUDY PURPOSED TO VALIDATE POLICOSANOL ANALYSIS BY GC–MS USING SILYLATION DERIVATIZATION TO IMPROVE MEASUREMENT EFFICIENCY. THE LINEARITY (CALIBRATION CURVE PERFORMANCE); THE LOWER LIMIT OF DETECTION; AND THE LOWER LIMIT OF QUANTIFICATION, ACCURACY, PRECISION, STABILITY, AND ROBUSTNESS OF POLICOSANOL EXTRACTED FROM STANDARD POLICOSANOL SOLUTIONS AND DEFATTED RICE BRAN WERE EVALUATED. THE PERCENTAGE OF RECOVERY OF EACH POLICOSANOL CONCENTRATION OF 50, 100, AND 150 MG/L RANGED FROM 98.90 TO 102.02%, 99.28 TO 101.37%, AND 99.67 TO 101.37%, RESPECTIVELY, WHICH IS UNDER THE AOAC ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA. THE ACCURACY OF METHOD BY RELATIVE STANDARD DEVIATIONS (RSD) SHOWED THAT INTRA-DAY RECOVERY PERCENTAGE AND INTER-DAY PRECISION ANALYSIS FOLLOWED THE AOAC ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA. LIMIT OF DETECTION (LOD) AND LIMIT OF QUANTITATION (LOQ) OF POLICOSANOL WERE 0.6–0.84 MG/L AND 2.09–2.82 MG/L, RESPECTIVELY. POLICOSANOL DERIVATIZED WITH N, O-BIS(TRIMETHYLSILYL)-TRIFLUOROACETAMIDE WAS NOT STABLE UNDER STORAGE, WITH VARIATION IN EXCESS OF 15%. POLICOSANOL STANDARD STOCK SOLUTION STORED AT 4 °C FOR MORE THAN 1 WEEK WAS NOT RECOMMENDED FOR FURTHER USE. THE RUGGEDNESS OR ROBUSTNESS OF THE METHOD BY CHANGING THE TESTED PARAMETERS INCLUDING DERIVATIVE TEMPERATURE, LIGHT EXPOSURE, STORAGE TEMPERATURE SOLVENT TYPE, REACTION TIME, ANALYSIS TIME PERIOD, AND ULTRASONIC WAVE EXPOSURE WAS EXAMINED. THE RUGGEDNESS TEST SHOWED THAT CHANGES IN FACTORS RELATED TO POLICOSANOL ANALYSIS HAD NO SIGNIFICANT IMPACT (P < 0.05) ON CHANGES IN POLICOSANOL QUANTITIES. DETERMINATION OF POLICOSANOL BY GC–MS AFTER SILYLATION DERIVATIZATION WAS SUCCESSFULLY VALIDATED AND WAS A BENEFIT TO THE QUALITY CONTROL PROCESS OF POLICOSANOL AS ACTIVE INGREDIENT ANALYSIS. © 2022, THE AUTHOR(S), UNDER EXCLUSIVE LICENCE TO SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, LLC, PART OF SPRINGER NATURE.","GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; METHOD VALIDATION; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; SILYLATION DERIVATIZATION","EFFICIENCY; MASS SPECTROMETRY; QUALITY CONTROL; ULTRASONIC APPLICATIONS; ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA; ACCURACY AND PRECISION; DERIVATIZATIONS; GASCHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; MEASUREMENT EFFICIENCY; MEASUREMENT METHODS; METHOD VALIDATIONS; POLICOSANOLS; SILYLATION DERIVATIZATION; SILYLATIONS; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY","NARESUAN UNIVERSITY, NU; FACULTY OF MEDICAL SCIENCE, NARESUAN UNIVERSITY, NU, (R2564B023); THAILAND SCIENCE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION, TSRI, (FRB640025)","FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR THIS STUDY WAS PROVIDED BY A RESEARCH GRANT FROM NARESUAN UNIVERSITY (NO. R2564B023) AND THAILAND SCIENCE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION (FRB640025). ","AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES (2021) DB-5 GC COLUMNS 2021, (2021); ANTOLIN E.J.M., CANAVACIOLO V.L.G., PEREZ R.S., GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT ALCOHOLS FROM POLICOSANOL IN OMEGA-3 FISH OIL BY ACYLATION WITH ACETYL CHLORIDE, J AOAC INT, 91, PP. 1013-1019, (2008); GUIDELINES FOR SINGLE LABORATORY VALIDATION OF CHEMICAL METHODS FOR DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS AND BOTANICALS, AOAC INT, PP. 1-38, (2002); ASIKIN Y., CHINEN T., KENSAKU T., WADA K., DETERMINATION OF LONG-CHAIN ALCOHOL AND ALDEHYDE CONTENTS IN THE NON-CENTRIFUGED CANE SUGAR KOKUTO, FOOD SCI TECHNOL RES, 14, PP. 583-588, (2008); ASIKIN Y., TAKAHASHI M., HIROSE N., HOU D.X., TAKARA K., WADA K., WAX, POLICOSANOL, AND LONG-CHAIN ALDEHYDES OF DIFFERENT SUGARCANE (SACCHARUM OFFICINARUM L.) CULTIVARS, EUR J LIPID SCI TECHNOL, 114, PP. 583-591, (2012); ATTARD T.M., MCELROY C.R., REZENDE C.A., POLIKARPOV I., CLARK J.H., HUNT A.J., SUGARCANE WASTE AS A VALUABLE SOURCE OF LIPOPHILIC MOLECULES, IND CROPS PROD, 76, PP. 95-103, (2015); BEDREGAL P., TORRES B., UBILLUS M., MENDOZA P., MONTOYA E., ROBUSTNESS IN NAA EVALUATED BY THE YOUDEN AND STEINER TEST, J RADIOANAL NUCL CHEM, 278, PP. 801-806, (2008); CHEN Y., DUNFORD N.T., EDWARDS J., CARVER B., GOAD C., POLICOSANOL CONTENT AND COMPOSITION OF WHEAT VARIETIES AS AFFECTED BY ENVIRONMENT, J SCI FOOD AGRIC, 89, PP. 310-314, (2009); CHOI S.J., PARK S.Y., PARK J.S., PARK S.K., JUNG M.Y., CONTENTS AND COMPOSITIONS OF POLICOSANOLS IN GREEN TEA (CAMELLIA SINENSIS) LEAVES, FOOD CHEM, 204, PP. 94-101, (2016); DEL RIO J.C., MARQUES G., LINO A.G., LIMA C.F., COLODETTE J.L., GUTIERREZ A., LIPOPHILIC PHYTOCHEMICALS FROM SUGARCANE BAGASSE AND STRAW, IND CROPS PROD, 77, PP. 992-1000, (2015); THE FITNESS FOR PURPOSE OF ANALYTICAL METHODS. A LABORATORY GUIDE TO METHOD VALIDATION AND RELATED TOPICS, (1998); EURACHEM GUIDE: THE FITNESS FOR PURPOSE OF ANALYTICAL METHODS – A LABORATORY GUIDE TO METHOD VALIDATION AND RELATED TOPICS, (2014); GUIDELINE ON BIOANALYTICAL METHOD VALIDATION. EMEA, COMM MED PROD HUM USE. 44, 1–23.EMEA/CHMP/EWP/192217/2009, (2014); HARRABI S., BOUKHCHINA S., MAYER P.M., KALLEL H., POLICOSANOL DISTRIBUTION AND ACCUMULATION IN DEVELOPING CORN KERNELS, FOOD CHEM, 115, PP. 918-923, (2009); IRMAK S., DUNFORD N.T., MILLIGAN J., POLICOSANOL CONTENTS OF BEESWAX, SUGAR CANE AND WHEAT EXTRACTS, FOOD CHEM, 95, PP. 312-318, (2006); KEUM T.H., JI E.K., WELLER C.L., POLICOSANOL CONTENTS AND COMPOSITIONS IN WAX-LIKE MATERIALS EXTRACTED FROM SELECTED CEREALS OF KOREAN ORIGIN, CEREAL CHEM, 82, PP. 242-245, (2005); KIM J.K., PARK S.Y., NA J.K., SEONG E.S., YU C.Y., METABOLITE PROFILING BASED ON LIPOPHILIC COMPOUNDS FOR QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF PERILLA (PERILLA FRUTESCENS) CULTIVARS, J AGRIC FOOD CHEM, 60, PP. 2257-2263, (2012); MA J., MA L., ZHANG H., ZHANG Z., WANG Y., LI K., CHEN X., POLICOSANOL FABRICATION FROM INSECT WAX AND OPTIMIZATION BY RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY, PLOS ONE, 13, PP. 1-14, (2018); MEEROD K., WEERAWATANAKORN M., PANSAK W., IMPACT OF SUGARCANE JUICE CLARIFICATION ON PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES, SOME NUTRACEUTICALS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF NON-CENTRIFUGAL SUGAR, SUGAR TECH, 21, PP. 471-480, (2019); MEEROD K., WEERAWATANAKORN M., PANSAK W., EFFECT OF LIMING PROCESS ON PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPONENTS OF NON-CENTRIFUGAL SUGAR FROM DIFFERENT SUGARCANE CULTIVARS, AGRIC RES, 9, PP. 35-45, (2020); NOWATZKE W., WOOLF E., BEST PRACTICES DURING BIOANALYTICAL METHOD VALIDATION FOR THE CHARACTERIZATION OF ASSAY REAGENTS AND THE EVALUATION OF ANALYTE STABILITY IN ASSAY STANDARDS, QUALITY CONTROLS, AND STUDY SAMPLES, AAPS J, 9, PP. E117-E122, (2007); PIERRE A.E., SILYLATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, J CHROMATOGR SCI, 6, (1968); SAKOUHI F., BOUKHCHINA S., ABSALON C., FOUQUET E., KALLEL H., POLICOSANOL CHARACTERIZATION AND ACCUMULATION DURING RIPENING OF TUNISIAN OLEA EUROPAEA L. FRUITS, EUR J LIPID SCI TECHNOL, 112, PP. 373-379, (2010); SENGUL U., COMPARING DETERMINATION METHODS OF DETECTION AND QUANTIFICATION LIMITS FOR AFLATOXIN ANALYSIS IN HAZELNUT, J FOOD DRUG ANAL, 24, PP. 56-62, (2016); SEO W.D., YUK H.J., CURTIS-LONG M.J., JANG K.C., LEE J.H., HAN S.I., KANG H.W., NAM M.H., LEE H.J., LEE J.H., PARK K.H., EFFECT OF THE GROWTH STAGE AND CULTIVAR ON POLICOSANOL PROFILES OF BARLEY SPROUTS AND THEIR ADENOSINE 5′-MONOPHOSPHATE-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE ACTIVATION, J AGRIC FOOD CHEM, 61, PP. 1117-1123, (2013); (2013); SRISAIPET A., KEAWPROM P., EXTRACTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLICOSANOL FROM WHEAT GERM, INT J ENG TECHNOL, 7, PP. 1478-1482, (2019); WONGWAIWECH D., WEERAWATANAKORN M., BOONNOUN P., SUBCRITICAL DIMETHYL ETHER EXTRACTION AS A SIMPLE METHOD TO EXTRACT NUTRACEUTICALS FROM BYPRODUCTS FROM RICE BRAN OIL MANUFACTURE, SCI REP, 10, PP. 1-10, (2020); WONGWAIWECH D., WEERAWATANAKORN M., THARATHA S., HO C.T., COMPARATIVE STUDY ON AMOUNT OF NUTRACEUTICALS IN BY-PRODUCTS FROM SOLVENT AND COLD PRESSING METHODS OF RICE BRAN OIL PROCESSING, J FOOD DRUG ANAL, 27, 1, PP. 71-82, (2019)","M. WEERAWATANAKORN; DEPARTMENT OF AGRO-INDUSTRY, NARESUAN UNIVERSITY, PHITSANULOK, 99 MOO 9, THA PHO, 65000, THAILAND; EMAIL: MONTHANAC@NU.AC.TH","SPRINGER","ENGLISH","FOOD ANAL. METHODS.","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-85127315389","FOOD ANAL METHODS","NARESUAN UNIVERSITY;NARESUAN UNIVERSITY;RUTGERS UNIVERSITY;NARESUAN UNIVERSITY;NATIONAL BUREAU OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY AND FOOD STANDARDS;NARESUAN UNIVERSITY","NOTREPORTED;NARESUAN UNIVERSITY;NOTREPORTED",NA,"WONGWAIWECH D, 2022, FOOD ANAL METHODS","WONGWAIWECH D, 2022, FOOD ANAL METHODS"
"GIMMLER F;SIEGERT D;KELLER S;JAHREIS G","GIMMLER, FRANZISKA (22957658400); SIEGERT, DOROTHEA (15052218900); KELLER, SYLVIA (8587403200); JAHREIS, GERHARD (7007175896)","POLICOSANOLS ARE THESE WAXY PLANT COMPONENTS CAPABLE OF LOWERING SERUMCHOLESTEROL LEVELS POLICOSANOLE PFLANZENWACHSKOMPONENTEN ALS CHOLESTEROLSENKENDES NAHRUNGSSUPPLEMENT",2006,"ERNAHRUNGS UMSCHAU","53","",0,"","INSTITUT FÜR ERNÄHRUNGSWISSENSCHAFTEN, FRIEDRICH-SCHILLER-UNIVERSITÄT JENA, JENA, GERMANY;INSTITUT FÜR ERNÄHRUNGSWISSENSCHAFTEN, FRIEDRICH-SCHILLER-UNIVERSITÄT JENA, JENA, GERMANY;INSTITUT FÜR ERNÄHRUNGSWISSENSCHAFTEN, FRIEDRICH-SCHILLER-UNIVERSITÄT JENA, JENA, GERMANY;INSTITUT FÜR ERNÄHRUNGSWISSENSCHAFTEN, FRIEDRICH-SCHILLER-UNIVERSITÄT JENA, JENA, GERMANY, INSTITUT FÜR ERNÄHRUNGSWISSENSCHAFTEN, FRIEDRICH-SCHILLER-UNIVERSITÄT JENA, 07743 JENA, DORNBURGER STR. 24, GERMANY","CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES ARE THE MAIN CAUSE OF DEATH AND DISABILITY IN INDUSTRIALIZED COUNTRIES. DURING THE LAST FEW YEARS, POTENTIAL HEALTH PROMOTING EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOLS HAVE BEEN CONTROVERSIALLY DISCUSSED. POLICOSANOLS ARE DESCRIBED AS A MIXTURE OF NATURALLY OCCURRING LONG-CHAIN ALIPHATIC ALCOHOLS DERIVED FROM SUGAR-CANE WAX. WHEN ADMINISTERED AT 5 TO 20 MG/DAY, POLICOSANOLS ARE SAID TO LOWER SERUM CHOLESTEROL LEVELS. VARIOUS STUDIES, MOST OF THEM OF CUBAN ORIGIN, REPORT THAT POLICOSANOLS HAVE CHOLESTEROL LOWERING EFFECTS COMPARABLE TO THAT OF STATINS. BASED ON THE RESULTS OF CUBAN RESEARCH GROUPS, POLICOSANOLS ARE WORLD-WIDE DISTRIBUTED AS OTC PRODUCTS FOR WHICH SERUM CHOLESTEROL LOWERING ACTION WITHOUT SIDE-EFFECTS IS CLAIMED. HOWEVER, RECENT STUDIES OF RESEARCH GROUPS OUTSIDE OF CUBA HAVE NOT FOUND A CORRELATION BETWEEN POLICOSANOL INTERVENTION AND REDUCED SERUM CHOLESTEROL CONCENTRATIONS. IN VIEW OF THESE CONTROVERSIAL RESULTS, FURTHER RESEARCH INTO THE CHOLESTEROL LOWERING EFFECT AND ITS POTENTIAL MECHANISM OF ACTION IS RECOMMENDED. AT PRESENT, HOWEVER, THERAPEUTIC SUPPLEMENTATION OF POLICOSANOLS TO LOWER SERUM CHOLESTEROL LEVELS IS NOT ADVISABLE.","CHOLESTEROL LOWERING EFFECTS; POLICOSANOLS","SACCHARUM; ALKANOL; CHOLESTEROL; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; POLICOSANOL; ABSENCE OF SIDE EFFECTS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CUBA; DRUG EFFICACY; HEALTH PROMOTION; HUMAN; REVIEW; SUGARCANE","","","BOLEGO C., BAETTA R., BELLOSTA S., CORSINI A., PAOLETTI R., SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS FOR STATINS, CURR OPIN LIPIDOL, 13, PP. 637-644, (2002); KLEID J.J., POLICOSANOL: A NEW NEUTRACEUTICAL TOOL FOR REDUCING CHOLESTEROL, JANA, 6, PP. 39-40, (2003); GOUNI-BERTHOLD I., BERTHOLD H., POLICOSANOL: CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF A NEW LIPID-LOWERING AGENT, AM HEART J, 143, PP. 356-365, (2002); CRAVOTTO G., BINELLO A., MERIZZI G., AVOGADRO M., IMPROVING SOLVENT-FREE EXTRACTION OF POLICOSANOL FROM RICE BRAN BY HIGH-INTENSITY ULTRASOUND TREATMENT, EUR J LIPID SCI TECHNOL, 106, PP. 147-151, (2004); ARRUZAZABALA L., NOA M., MENENDEZ R., MAS R., CARBAJAL D., VALDES S., MOLINA V., PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON ATHEROGENIC LESIONS IN RABBITS WITH EXOGENOUS HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, BRAZ J MED BIOL RES, 33, PP. 835-840, (2000); IRMAK S., DUNFORD N.T., POLICOSANOL CONTENTS AND COMPOSITIONS OF WHEAT VARIETIES, J AGRIC FOOD CHEM, 53, PP. 5583-5586, (2005); HARGROVE J., GREENSPAN P., HARTLE K., NUTRITIONAL SIGNIFICANCE AND METABOLISM OF VERY LONG CHAIN FATTY ALCOHOLS AND ACIDS FROM DIETARY WAXES, EXP BIOL MED, 229, PP. 215-226, (2004); TAYLOR J.C., RAPPORT L., LOCKWOOD G.B., OCTACOSANOL IN HUMAN HEALTH, NUTRITION, 79, PP. 192-195, (2003); VARADY K., WANG Y., JONES P., ROLE OF POLICOSANOLS IN THE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, NUTR REV, 62, PP. 376-383, (2003); IRMAK S., DUNFORD N.T., MILLIGAN J., POLICOSANOL CONTENTS OF BEESWAX, SUGAR CANE AND WHEAT EXTRACTS, FOOD CHEM, 95, PP. 312-318, (2006); CASTANO G., MAS R., ARRUZAZABALA M.L., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL AND PRAVASTATIN ON LIPID PROFILE, PLATELET AGGREGATION AND ENDOTHELEMIA IN OLDER HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC PATIENTS, INT J CLIN PHARMACOL RES, 29, PP. 105-116, (1999); FERNANDEZ J.C., MAS R., MENENDEZ R., AMOR A.M., GONZALEZ R.M., ALVAREZ E., COMPARISON OF THE EFFICACY, SAFETY AND TOLERABILITY OF POLICOSANOL VERSUS FLUVASTATIN IN ELDERLY HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC WOMEN, CLIN DRUG INVEST, 21, PP. 103-113, (2001); CASTANO G., MENENDEZ R., MAS R., AMOR A., FERNANDEZ J.L., GONZALEZ R.L., LEZCAY M., ALVAREZ E., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL AND LOVASTATIN ON LIPID PROFILE AND LIPID PEROXIDATION IN PATIENTS WITH DYSLIPIDEMIA ASSOCIATED WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS, INT J CLIN PHARM RES, 22, PP. 89-100, (2002); JANIKULA M., POLICOSANOL: A NEW TREATMENT FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, ALTERN MED REV, 7, PP. 203-217, (2002); MCCARTY M.F., AN EZETIMIBE-POLICOSANOL COMBINATION HAS THE POTENTIAL TO BE AN OTC AGENT THAT COULD DRAMATICALLY LOWER LDL CHOLESTEROL WITHOUT SIDE EFFECTS, MED HYPOTHESES, 64, PP. 636-645, (2005); HERNANDEZ F., ILLNAIT J., CASTANO G., GONZALEZ M., CORDOVI N., FERNANDEZ J.C., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON SERUM LIPIDS AND LIPOPROTEINS IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, CURR THER RES, 51, PP. 568-575, (1992); MENENDEZ R., MAS R., AMOR A.M., GONZALEZ R.M., FERNANDEZ J.C., RODEIRO I., ZAYAS M., JIMENEZ S., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL TREATMENT ON THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN (LDL) ISOLATED FROM HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS TO OXIDATIVE MODIFICATION IN VITRO, BR J CLIN PHARMACOL, 50, PP. 255-262, (2000); ARRUZAZABALA M.L., MOLINA V., MAS R., FERNANDEZ L., CARBAJAL D., VALDES S., CASTANO G., ANTIPLATELET EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL (20 AND 40 MG/DAY) IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS AND DYSLIPIDAEMIC PATIENTS, CLIN EXP PHARM PHYS, 29, PP. 891-897, (2002); CHEN J.T., WESLEY R., SHAMBUREK R.D., PUCINO F., CSAKO G., META-ANALYSIS OF NATURAL THERAPIES FOR HYPERLIPIDEMIA: PLANT STEROLS AND STANOLS VERSUS POLICOSANOL, PHARMACOTHER, 25, PP. 171-183, (2005); MIRKIN A., MAS R., MARTINTO M., BOCCANERA R., ROBERTIS A., POUDES R., FUSTER A., LASTRETO E., YANEZ IRICO G., MCCOOK B., FARRE A., EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF POLICOSANOL IN HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN, INT J CLIN PHARMACOL RES, 21, PP. 31-41, (2001); ORTENSI G., JULIO G., HECTOR V., PEDRO A.T., A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF POLICOSANOL VERSUS SIMVASTATIN IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES, 58, PP. 390-401, (1997); NIKITIN IU.P., SLEPCHENKO N.Y., GRATSIANSKII N.A., NECHAEY A.S., SYRKIN A.L., POLTAVSKAIA M.G., SUMAROKOV A.V., REVOZOV A.V., RESULTS OF THE MULTICENTER CONTROLLED STUDY OF THE HYPERLIPIDEMIC DRUG POLYCOSANOL IN RUSSIA, TER ARKH, 72, PP. 7-10, (2000); PRAT H., ROMAN O., PINO E., COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL AND TWO HMG-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS ON TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, REV MED CHIL, 127, PP. 186-294, (1999); LIN Y., RUDRUM M., VAN DER WIELEN R., TRAUTWEIN E., MCNEILL G., SIERKSMA A., MEIJER G., WHEAT GERM POLICOSANOL FAILED TO LOWER PLASMA CHOLESTEROL IN SUBJECTS WITH NORMAL TO MILDLY ELEVATED CHOLESTEROL CONCENTRATION, METAB, 53, PP. 1309-1314, (2004); GREYLING A., DE WITT C., OOSTHUIZEN W., JERLING J.C., EFFECTS OF A POLICOSANOL SUPPLEMENT ON SERUM LIPID CONCENTRATIONS IN HYPERCHOLESTEROLAEMIC SUBJECTS, BR J NUTR, 95, PP. 968-975, (2006); BERTHOLD H.K., UNVERDORBEN S., DEGENHARDT R., BULITTA M., GOUNI-BERTHOLD I., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON LIPID LEVELS AMONG PATIENTS WITH HYPERCHOLESEROLEMIA OR COMBINED HYPERLIPIDEMIA, JAMA, 295, PP. 2262-2269, (2006); KELLER S., SIEGERT D., SCHUBERT R., JAHREIS G., UNVERÖFFENTLICHTE DATEN, (2006); GIMMLER F., UNTERSUCHUNGEN ZUM OCTACOSANOLMETABOLISMUS UND ZUM EINFLUSS EINER OCTACOSANOLGABE AUF DEN STEROLSTOFFWECHSEL JUNGER FRAUEN, DIPLOMARBEIT, (2006); TAN C.E., LOH L.M., TAI S.E., DO SINGAPORE PATIENTS REQUIRE LOWER DOSES OF STATINS? THE SGH CLINIC EXPERIENCE, SINGAPORE MED J, 44, 203, PP. 635-638; HOWARD B.V., HANNAH J.S., HEISER C.C., JABLONSKI K.A., EFFECTS OF SEX AND ETHNICITY ON RESPONSES TO A LOW-FAT DIET: A STUDY OF AFRICAN AMERICANS AND WHITES, AM J NUTR, 62, (1995); BAYS H., STEIN E.A., PHARMACOTHERAPY FOR DYSLIPIDAEMIA- CURRENT THERAPIES AND FUTURE GENTS, EXPERT OPIN PHARMACOTHER, 4, PP. 1901-1938, (2003)","G. JAHREIS; INSTITUT FÜR ERNÄHRUNGSWISSENSCHAFTEN, FRIEDRICH-SCHILLER-UNIVERSITÄT JENA, 07743 JENA, DORNBURGER STR. 24, GERMANY; EMAIL: B6JAGE@UNI-JENA.DE","","GERMAN","ERNAHR. UMSCH.","REVIEW","ISI","2-S2.0-33750579365","ERNAHR UMSCH","FRIEDRICH-SCHILLER-UNIVERSITÄT JENA;FRIEDRICH-SCHILLER-UNIVERSITÄT JENA;FRIEDRICH-SCHILLER-UNIVERSITÄT JENA;FRIEDRICH-SCHILLER-UNIVERSITÄT JENA","NOTREPORTED;FRIEDRICH-SCHILLER-UNIVERSITÄT JENA;NOTREPORTED",NA,"GIMMLER F, 2006, ERNAHR UMSCH","GIMMLER F, 2006, ERNAHR UMSCH"
"CRAVOTTO G;CALCIO G E;BARGE A;BINELLO A;ALBERTINO A;AGHEMO C","CRAVOTTO, GIANCARLO (7003394420); CALCIO GAUDINO, EMANUELA (23488197200); BARGE, ALESSANDRO (7003400236); BINELLO, ARIANNA (6603442129); ALBERTINO, ANDREA (15838843300); AGHEMO, COSTANZA (36165375600)","SYNTHESIS OF 1OCTACOSANOL AND GCCIRMS DISCRIMINATION OF SAMPLES FROM DIFFERENT ORIGIN",2010,"NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH","24","11",14,"10.1080/14786410903194498","DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZA E TECNOLOGIA DEL FARMACO, UNIVERSITÀ DI TORINO, 10125 TORINO, ITALY;DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZA E TECNOLOGIA DEL FARMACO, UNIVERSITÀ DI TORINO, 10125 TORINO, ITALY;DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZA E TECNOLOGIA DEL FARMACO, UNIVERSITÀ DI TORINO, 10125 TORINO, ITALY;DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZA E TECNOLOGIA DEL FARMACO, UNIVERSITÀ DI TORINO, 10125 TORINO, ITALY;DIPARTIMENTO DI CHIMICA, IFM, UNIVERSITÀ DI TORINO, 10125 TORINO, ITALY;DIPARTIMENTO DI CHIMICA, IFM, UNIVERSITÀ DI TORINO, 10125 TORINO, ITALY","LATELY, LONG-CHAIN PRIMARY ALCOHOLS HAVE BEEN INVESTIGATED IN DEPTH ON ACCOUNT OF THEIR BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES. IN PARTICULAR, 1-OCTACOSANOL (C 28H57OH), THE MAIN COMPONENT OF POLICOSANOL, THE HYPOLIPIDAEMIC FATTY ALCOHOL MIXTURE OBTAINED FROM SUGAR CANE WAX, HAS BEEN THE SUBJECT OF A MULTITUDE OF PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDIES. THE AIM OF THIS WORK WAS TO SEARCH A CONVENIENT SYNTHETIC PROTOCOL FOR THE PREPARATION OF 1-OCTACOSANOL IN A GRAM SCALE. THE KEY STEP WAS A WITTIG REACTION BETWEEN THE OCTADECYLTRIPHENYLPHOSPHONIUM YLIDE AND THE METHYL 10-OXODECANOATE. SOME STEPS WERE FURTHER IMPROVED BY POWER ULTRASOUND AND MICROWAVE IRRADIATION, EITHER ALONE OR IN COMBINATION. OUR METHODOLOGY IS SUITABLE FOR A RAPID GENERATION OF HOMOLOGUES BY VARYING THE CHAIN LENGTH IN THE ALKYL HALIDE. DUE TO THE HIGH COMMERCIAL VALUE, A SERIES OF 1-OCTACOSANOL SAMPLES, EITHER ISOLATED FROM NATURAL SOURCES OR FROM SYNTHESIS (DIFFERENT ORIGIN AND SUPPLIERS), WERE ANALYSED BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-COMBUSTION-ISOTOPIC RATIO MASS SPECTROMETRY (GC-C-IRMS) AND ACCORDING TO THE CARBON ISOTOPIC CONTENT, CLASSIFIED ON THE BASIS OF THEIR ORIGIN. © 2010 TAYLOR & FRANCIS.","GC-C-IRMS; MICROWAVES; OCTACOSANOL; SYNTHESIS; ULTRASOUND","FATTY ALCOHOLS; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; MICROWAVES; SPECTROSCOPY, FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED; SACCHARUM; 1 OCTACOSANOL; DECANOIC ACID DERIVATIVE; METHYL 10 OXODECANOATE; OCTACOSANOL; OCTADECYLTRIPHENYLPHOSPHONIUM YLIDE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; ARTICLE; COMBUSTION; DRUG SYNTHESIS; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; MASS SPECTROMETRY; MICROWAVE IRRADIATION; WITTIG REACTION","UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI TORINO, UNITO","FINANCIAL SUPPORT FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF TORINO IS GRATEFULLY ACKNOWLEDGED. WE ARE INDEBTED TO PROF. MARCO VINCENTI AND DR ALBERTO SALOMONE FOR THE IRMS ANALYSES AT THE CAD (ORBASSANO, TURIN).","AMARENGO W.L.F., PERRIN D.D., PURIFICATION OF LABORATORY CHEMICALS, (1998); BELTZ S.D., DOERING P.L., EFFICACY OF NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS USED BY ATHLETES, CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, 12, PP. 900-908, (1993); CHEN F., WANG Z., ZHAO G., LIAO X., CAI T., GUO L., ET AL., PURIFICATION PROCESS OF OCTACOSANOL EXTRACTS FROM RICE BRAN WAX BY MOLECULAR DISTILLATION, JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING, 79, PP. 63-68, (2007); COPLEN T.B., REPORTING OF STABLE HYDROGEN, CARBON, AND OXYGEN ISOTOPIC ABUNDANCES, PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY, 66, PP. 273-276, (1994); COPLEN T.B., REPORTING OF STABLE HYDROGEN, CARBON, AND OXYGEN ISOTOPIC ABUNDANCES, GEOTHERMICS, 24, PP. 708-711, (1995); COPLEN T.B., BRAND W.A., GEHRE M., GRONING M., MEIJER H.A.J., TOMAN B., ET AL., AFTER TWO DECADES A SECOND ANCHOR FOR THE VPDB DELTA C-13 SCALE, RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY, 20, PP. 3165-3166, (2006); CRAVOTTO G., A PROCESS FOR PREPARING LONG CHAIN SATURATED OR UNSATURATED OXYGENATED COMPOUNDS, (2005); CRAVOTTO G., BOFFA L., MANTEGNA S., AVOGADRO M., PEREGO P., CINTAS P., IMPROVED EXTRACTION OF NATURAL MATRICES UNDER HIGH-INTENSITY ULTRASOUND AND MICROWAVE, ALONE OR COMBINED, ULTRASONIC SONOCHEMISTRY, 15, PP. 898-902, (2008); CRAVOTTO G., CINTAS P., THE COMBINED USE OF MICROWAVES AND ULTRASOUND: NEW TOOLS IN PROCESS CHEMISTRY AND ORGANIC SYNTHESIS, CHEMISTRY: A EUROPEAN JOURNAL, 13, PP. 1902-1909, (2007); HERNA NDEZ F., ILLNAIT J., MA S.R., CASTANO G., FERNANDEZ L., GONZALEZ M., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL ON SERUM LIPIDS AND LIPOPROTEINS IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, CURRENT THERAPEUTIC RESEARCH, 51, PP. 568-575, (1992); HOUTZ R.L., RIES S.K., TOLBERT N.E., EFFECT OF TRIACONTANOL ON CHLAMYDOMONAS: I. STIMULATION OF GROWTH AND PHOTOSYNTHETIC CO2 ASSIMILATION, PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, 79, PP. 357-364, (1985); KABIR Y., KIMURA S., BIODISTRIBUTION AND METABOLISM OF ORALLY ADMINISTERED OCTACOSANOL IN RATS, ANNALS OF NUTRITIONAL AND METABOLISM, 37, PP. 33-38, (1993); KABIR Y., KIMURA S., DISTRIBUTION OF RADIOACTIVE OCTACOSANOL IN RESPONSE TO EXERCISE IN RATS, NAHRUNG, 38, PP. 373-377, (1994); KABIR Y., KIMURA S., TISSUE DISTRIBUTION OF (8-14C)-OCTACOSANOL IN LIVER AND MUSCLE OF RATS AFTER SERIAL ADMINISTRATION, ANNALS OF NUTRITIONAL AND METABOLISM, 39, PP. 279-284, (1995); KELLER S., GIMMLER F., JAHREIS G., OCTACOSANOL ADMINISTRATION TO HUMANS DECREASES NATURAL STEROL AND BILE ACID CONCENTRATION IN FAECES, LIPIDS, 43, PP. 109-115, (2008); MA S.R., POLICOSANOL, DRUGS FUTURE, 25, PP. 569-586, (2000); MENENDEZ R., SOTOLONGO V., FRAGA V., AMOR A.M., GONZE LEZ R., DEL RIO A., ET AL., PLASMA LEVELS AND TOTAL RADIOACTIVITY EXCRETION IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS AFTER ORAL 3HOCTACOSANOL ADMINISTRATION, REVISTA CENIC CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS, 27, PP. 32-35, (1996); NORRIS F.H., DENYS E.H., FALLAT R.J., TRIAL OF OCTACOSANOL IN AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS, NEUROLOGY, 36, PP. 1264-1264, (1986); PALMISANO G., TAGLIAPIETRA S., BARGE A., BINELLO A., BOFFA L., CRAVOTTO G., EFFICIENT REGIOSELECTIVE OPENING OF EPOXIDES BY NUCLEOPHILES IN WATER UNDER SIMULTANEOUS ULTRASOUND/MICROWAVE IRRADIATION, SYNLETT, 13, PP. 2041-2044, (2007); SAINT-JOHN M., MC NAUGHTON L., OCTACOSANOL INGESTION AND ITS EFFECTS ON METABOLIC RESPONSES TO SUBMAXIMAL CYCLE ERGOMETRY, REACTION TIME AND CHEST AND GRIP STRENGTH, INTERNATIONAL CLINICAL NUTRITIONAL REVIEW, 6, PP. 81-87, (1986); SHIMURA S., HASEGAWA T., TAKANO S., SUZUKI T., STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF OCTACOSANOL ON MOTOR ENDURANCE IN MICE, NUTRITIONAL REPORTS INTERNATIONAL, 36, PP. 1029-1036, (1987); SHO H., CHINEN I., FUKUDA N., EFFECTS OF OKINAWAN SUGAR CANE WAX AND FATTY ALCOHOL ON SERUM AND LIVER LIPIDS IN THE RAT, JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE AND VITAMINOLOGY, 30, PP. 553-559, (1984); SIERRA R., GONZA LEZ V., MAGRANER J., VALIDATION OF A GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD FOR DETERMINING FATTY ALCOHOLS THAT COMPOSE POLICOSANOL IN 10 MG FILM-COATED TABLETS, THE JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL, 85, PP. 563-566, (2002); SNIDER S.R., OCTACOSANOL IN PARKINSONISM, ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY, 16, PP. 723-723, (1984); VIOLA F., OLIARO S., BINELLO A., CRAVOTTO G., POLICOSANOL: UPDATING AND PERSPECTIVES, MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL AND METABOLISM, 1, PP. 77-83, (2008); VOY R., ILLICIT DRUGS AND THE ATHLETE, AMERICAN PHARMACY, 26, PP. 39-45, (1986); WANG M.F., LIAN H.Z., MAO L., ZHOU J.P., GONG H.J., QIAN B.Y., FANG Y., LI J., COMPARISON OF VARIOUS EXTRACTION METHODS FOR POLICOSANOL FROM RICE BRAN WAX AND ESTABLISHMENT OF CHROMATOGRAPHIC FINGERPRINT OF POLICOSANOL, JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY, 55, PP. 5552-5558, (2007); WOOLLEY B.H., THE LATEST FADS TO INCREASE MUSCLE MASS AND ENERGY: A LOOK AT WHAT SOME ATHLETES ARE USING, POSTGRADUATE MEDICINE, 89, PP. 195-205, (1991)","G. CRAVOTTO; DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZA E TECNOLOGIA DEL FARMACO, UNIVERSITÀ DI TORINO, 10125 TORINO, ITALY; EMAIL: GIANCARLO.CRAVOTTO@UNITO.IT","","ENGLISH","NAT. PROD. RES.","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-77950121134","NAT PROD RES","UNIVERSITÀ DI TORINO;UNIVERSITÀ DI TORINO;UNIVERSITÀ DI TORINO;UNIVERSITÀ DI TORINO;UNIVERSITÀ DI TORINO;UNIVERSITÀ DI TORINO","NOTREPORTED;UNIVERSITÀ DI TORINO;NOTREPORTED",NA,"CRAVOTTO G, 2010, NAT PROD RES","CRAVOTTO G, 2010, NAT PROD RES"
"SIRTORI C;GALLI C;ANDERSON J;SIRTORI E;ARNOLDI A","SIRTORI, CESARE R. (57203252370); GALLI, CLAUDIO (55541649200); ANDERSON, JAMES W. (57203289063); SIRTORI, ELENA (17135958500); ARNOLDI, ANNA (7004093133)","FUNCTIONAL FOODS FOR DYSLIPIDAEMIA AND CARDIOVASCULAR RISK PREVENTION",2009,"NUTRITION RESEARCH REVIEWS","22","17",64,"10.1017/S0954422409990187","DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF MILANO, ITALY;DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF MILANO, ITALY;DEPARTMENT OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY, LEXINGTON, KY, UNITED STATES;DEPARTMENT OF ENDOCRINOLOGY, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND APPLIED BIOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF MILANO, ITALY;DEPARTMENT OF ENDOCRINOLOGY, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND APPLIED BIOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF MILANO, ITALY","A FOOD CAN BE REGARDED AS FUNCTIONAL IF IT CAN DEMONSTRATE A BENEFICIAL EFFICACY ON ONE OR MORE TARGET FUNCTIONS IN THE BODY IN A CONVINCING WAY. BEYOND ADEQUATE NUTRITIONAL QUALITIES, FUNCTIONAL FOODS SHOULD EITHER IMPROVE THE STATE OF HEALTH AND WELLBEING AND/OR REDUCE THE RISK OF DISEASE. FUNCTIONAL FOODS THAT ARE MARKETED WITH CLAIMS OF HEART DISEASE REDUCTION FOCUS PRIMARILY ON THE MAJOR RISK FACTORS, I.E. CHOLESTEROL, DIABETES AND HYPERTENSION. SOME OF THE MOST INNOVATIVE PRODUCTS ARE DESIGNED TO BE ENRICHED WITH PROTECTIVE INGREDIENTS, BELIEVED TO REDUCE RISK. THEY MAY CONTAIN, FOR EXAMPLE, SOLUBLE FIBRE (FROM OAT AND PSYLLIUM), USEFUL BOTH FOR LOWERING CHOLESTEROL AND BLOOD PRESSURE, OR FRUCTANS, EFFECTIVE IN DIABETES. PHYTOSTEROLS AND STANOLS LOWER LDL-CHOLESTEROL IN A DOSE-DEPENDENT MANNER. SOYA PROTEIN IS MORE HYPOCHOLESTEROLAEMIC IN SUBJECTS WITH VERY HIGH INITIAL CHOLESTEROL AND RECENT DATA INDICATE ALSO FAVOURABLE ACTIVITIES IN THE METABOLIC SYNDROME. N-3 FATTY ACIDS APPEAR TO EXERT SIGNIFICANT HYPOTRIACYLGLYCEROLAEMIC EFFECTS, POSSIBLY PARTLY RESPONSIBLE FOR THEIR PREVENTIVE ACTIVITY. DARK CHOCOLATE IS GAINING MUCH ATTENTION FOR ITS MULTIFUNCTIONAL ACTIVITIES, USEFUL BOTH FOR THE PREVENTION OF DYSLIPIDAEMIA AS WELL AS HYPERTENSION. FINALLY, CONSENSUS OPINIONS ABOUT TEA AND COFFEE HAVE NOT EMERGED YET, AND THE BENEFITS OF VITAMIN E, GARLIC, FENUGREEK AND POLICOSANOLS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF DYSLIPIDAEMIA AND PREVENTION OF ARTERIAL DISEASE ARE STILL CONTROVERSIAL. © 2009 THE AUTHORS.","CVD PREVENTION; DIABETES; DIET; FUNCTIONAL FOODS; HYPERCHOLESTEROLAEMIA; NUTRACEUTICALS","ANGIOSPERMS; ANTILIPEMIC AGENTS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; DIET; DYSLIPIDEMIAS; FATTY ACIDS; FUNCTIONAL FOOD; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; PHYTOTHERAPY; PLANT EXTRACTS; RISK FACTORS; VITAMIN E; ALLIUM SATIVUM; TRIGONELLA FOENUM-GRAECUM; ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; BETA GLUCAN; DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID; FISH PROTEIN; GUGGULSTERONE; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; ICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID; INULIN; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; OMEGA 3 FATTY ACID; PHYTOSTEROL; POLICOSANOL; PRIMROSE OIL; SOYBEAN PROTEIN; STANOL ESTER; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; VEGETABLE PROTEIN; ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; ANTILIPEMIC AGENT; FATTY ACID; PLANT EXTRACT; ARTERY DISEASE; ARTICHOKE; BARLEY; CACAO; CARBOHYDRATE INTAKE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CINNAMON; COFFEE; DIETARY FIBER; DYSLIPIDEMIA; FENUGREEK; FERMENTED PRODUCT; FOOD INTAKE; GARLIC; HIGH FIBER DIET; HUMAN; NUT; OAT; REVIEW; SEA FOOD; TEA; TRIACYLGLYCEROL BLOOD LEVEL; ANGIOSPERM; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; DIET; DIET THERAPY; DYSLIPIDEMIA; FUNCTIONAL FOOD; HYPERTENSION; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; PHYTOTHERAPY; RISK FACTOR","","","DE BACKER G., AMBROSIONI E., BORCH-JOHNSEN K., ET AL., EUROPEAN GUIDELINES ON CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE AND PREVENTION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE, ATHEROSCLEROSIS, 171, PP. 145-155, (2003); STAMPFER M.J., HU F.B., MANSON J.E., ET AL., PRIMARY PREVENTION OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN WOMEN THROUGH DIET AND LIFESTYLE, N ENGL J MED, 343, PP. 16-22, (2000); KRIS-ETHERTON P.M., ETHERTON T.D., CARLSON J., ET AL., RECENT DISCOVERIES IN INCLUSIVE FOOD-BASED APPROACHES AND DIETARY PATTERNS FOR REDUCTION IN RISK FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, CURR OPIN LIPIDOL, 13, PP. 397-407, (2002); MCCULLOUGH M., FESKANICH D., RIMM E., ET AL., ADHERENCE TO THE DIETARY GUIDELINES FOR AMERICANS AND RISK OF MAJOR CHRONIC DISEASE IN MEN, AM J CLIN NUTR, 72, PP. 1223-1231, (2000); MCCULLOUGH M., FESKANICH D., STAMPFER M., ET AL., ADHERENCE TO THE DIETARY GUIDELINES FOR AMERICANS AND RISK OF MAJOR CHRONIC DISEASE IN WOMEN, AM J CLIN NUTR, 72, PP. 1214-1222, (2000); SMITH U., CARBOHYDRATES, FAT, AND INSULIN ACTION, AM J CLIN NUTR, 59, (1994); PARK E.J., HELLERSTEIN M.K., CARBOHYDRATE-INDUCED HYPERTRIACYLGLYCEROLEMIA: HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE AND REVIEW OF BIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS, AM J CLIN NUTR, 71, PP. 412-433, (2000); ANDERSON J.W., WARD K., HIGH-CARBOHYDRATE, HIGHFIBER DIETS FOR INSULIN-TREATED MEN WITH DIABETES MELLITUS, AM J CLIN NUTR, 32, PP. 2312-2321, (1979); ANDERSON J.W., DIETARY FIBER PREVENTS CARBOHYDRATEINDUCED HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA, CURR ATHEROSCLER REP, 2, PP. 536-541, (2000); ANDERSON J.W., GARRITY T.F., WOOD C.L., ET AL., PROSPECTIVE, RANDOMIZED, CONTROLLED COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF LOW-FAT AND LOW-FAT PLUS HIGH-FIBER DIETS ON SERUM LIPID CONCENTRATIONS, AM J CLIN NUTR, 56, PP. 887-894, (1992); FROST G., LEEDS A.A., DORE C.J., ET AL., GLYCAEMIC INDEX AS A DETERMINANT OF SERUM HDL-CHOLESTEROL CONCENTRATION, LANCET, 353, PP. 1045-1048, (1999); ANDERSON J.W., RANDLES K.M., KENDALL C.W., ET AL., CARBOHYDRATE AND FIBER RECOMMENDATIONS FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH DIABETES: A QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT AND META-ANALYSIS OF THE EVIDENCE, J AM COLL NUTR, 23, PP. 5-17, (2004); SHAI I., SCHWARZFUCHS D., HENKIN Y., ET AL., WEIGHT LOSS WITH A LOW-CARBOHYDRATE, MEDITERRANEAN, OR LOW-FAT DIET, N ENGL J MED, 359, PP. 229-241, (2008); JENKINS D., KENDALL C., MCKEOWN-EYSSEN G., ET AL., EFFECT OF A LOW-GLYCEMIC INDEX OR A HIGH-CEREAL FIBER DIET ON TYPE 2 DIABETES: A RANDOMIZED TRIAL, JAMA, 300, PP. 2742-2753, (2008); ERKKILA A., LICHTENSTEIN A., FIBER AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE RISK: HOW STRONG IS THE EVIDENCE?, J CARDIOVASC NURS, 21, PP. 3-8, (2006); HALL R.S., JOHNSON S.K., BAXTER A.L., ET AL., LUPIN KERNEL FIBRE-ENRICHED FOODS BENEFICIALLY MODIFY SERUM LIPIDS IN MEN, EUR J CLIN NUTR, 59, PP. 325-333, (2005); HARA H., HAGA S., AOYAMA Y., ET AL., SHORT-CHAIN FATTY ACIDS SUPPRESS CHOLESTEROL SYNTHESIS IN RAT LIVER AND INTESTINE, J NUTR, 129, PP. 942-948, (1999); KIRBY R.W., ANDERSON J.W., SIELING B., ET AL., OAT-BRAN INTAKE SELECTIVELY LOWERS SERUM LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL CONCENTRATIONS OF HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC MEN, AM J CLIN NUTR, 34, PP. 824-829, (1981); ANDERSON J.W., ZETTWOCH N., FELDMAN T., ET AL., CHOLESTEROL-LOWERING EFFECTS OF PSYLLIUM HYDROPHILIC MUCILLOID FOR HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC MEN, ARCH INTERN MED, 148, PP. 292-296, (1988); ANDERSON J.W., ALLGOOD L.D., LAWRENCE A., ET AL., CHOLESTEROL-LOWERING EFFECTS OF PSYLLIUM INTAKE ADJUNCTIVE TO DIET THERAPY IN MEN AND WOMEN WITH HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA: META-ANALYSIS OF 8 CONTROLLED TRIALS, AM J CLIN NUTR, 71, PP. 472-479, (2000); RIPSIN C.M., KEENAN J.M., JACOBS D.R.J., ET AL., OAT PRODUCTS AND LIPID LOWERING. 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R. SIRTORI; DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF MILANO, ITALY; EMAIL: CESARE.SIRTORI@UNIMI.IT","","ENGLISH","NUT. RES. REV.","REVIEW","ISI","2-S2.0-77950363568","NUT RES REV","UNIVERSITY OF MILANO;UNIVERSITY OF MILANO;UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY;UNIVERSITY OF MILANO;UNIVERSITY OF MILANO","NOTREPORTED;UNIVERSITY OF MILANO;NOTREPORTED",NA,"SIRTORI CR, 2009, NUT RES REV","SIRTORI CR, 2009, NUT RES REV"
"STÜSSER R;BATISTA J;PADRÓN R;SOSA F;PEREZTOL O","STÜSSER, R. (6602973165); BATISTA, J. (7005814235); PADRÓN, R. (18735349800); SOSA, F. (8928992600); PEREZTOL, O. (8928993000)","LONGTERM THERAPY WITH POLICOSANOL IMPROVES TREADMILL EXERCISEECG TESTING PERFORMANCE OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE PATIENTS",1998,"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS","36","4",27,"","CLINICAL RESEARCH CENTER, HAVANA UNIVERSITY, HAVANA, CUBA, CTRO. DE INVEST. CLÍNICAS, KOHLY, PLAYA, CP 11300 HAVANA 13, CALLE 34#4501/45-47, CUBA;CLINICAL RESEARCH CENTER, HAVANA UNIVERSITY, HAVANA, CUBA;CLINICAL RESEARCH CENTER, HAVANA UNIVERSITY, HAVANA, CUBA;CLINICAL RESEARCH CENTER, HAVANA UNIVERSITY, HAVANA, CUBA;CLINICAL RESEARCH CENTER, HAVANA UNIVERSITY, HAVANA, CUBA","THIS STUDY EXAMINED THE EFFECTS OF LONG-TERM LIPID-LOWERING THERAPY WITH POLICOSANOL ON THE CLINICAL EVOLUTION, AND EXERCISE-ECG TESTING RESPONSES OF 45 CORONARY HEART DISEASE (CHD) PATIENTS WITH MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA, DOCUMENTED BY EXERCISE 201T1-MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION SCINTIGRAPHY, IN AN OVERALL RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL, MADE FOR DIFFERENT TEST ENDPOINTS. FIFTEEN PATIENTS WERE TREATED WITH 5 MG OF POLICOSANOL TWICE DAILY; ANOTHER 15 PATIENTS WERE ADMINISTERED THE SAME DRUG DOSE PLUS 125 MG ASPIRIN; AND THE OTHER 15 PATIENTS RECEIVED PLACEBO PLUS EQUAL ASPIRIN DOSE. THEY WERE FOLLOWED FOR 20 MONTHS, PREVIOUS BASELINE OBSERVATIONS, WITH TREADMILL EXERCISE-ECG, BESIDES SERUM LIPID TEST. BENEFICIAL CHANGES ON PROPORTIONS AMONG THE 2 POLICOSANOL GROUPS AND THE PLACEBO GROUP, SHOWED AN INCREMENT ON FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY CLASS, A DECREMENT ON REST AND EXERCISE ANGINA, AND A SIGNIFICANT DECREASE IN CARDIAC EVENTS, AND IN ISCHEMIC ST SEGMENT RESPONSE, ESPECIALLY IN THE POLICOSANOL PLUS ASPIRIN GROUP (P = 0.05, X2(2DF) = 5.8; P = 0.04, P = 0.02; FISHER). AFTER TREATMENT, SETS OF MEAN CHANGES REVEALED AN INCREASE ON MAXIMUM OXYGEN UPTAKE, AND A DECLINE ON DOUBLE PRODUCT SIMULTANEOUSLY IN BOTH POLICOSANOL GROUPS (P ≤ 0.02, P ≤ 0.002; PILLAIS, HOTELLINGS' T2), WHILE THE PLACEBO GROUP WAS IMPAIRED. AEROBIC FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY PERCENT SHOWED AN INCREMENT IN POLICOSANOL GROUPS (P ≤ 0.05, PAIRED T). LIPID LEVELS IMPROVED AS OTHER ENDPOINTS ALREADY REPORTED. A SUPPOSED ERGOGENIC EFFECT OF OCTACOSANOL, POLICOSANOL'S MAIN ACTIVE COMPOUND, WAS NOT DETECTED WITH THIS DESIGN. THESE RESULTS SHOW THAT POLICOSANOL-TREATED CHD PATIENTS IMPROVED CLINICAL EVOLUTION, AND EXERCISE-ECG RESPONSES, OWING TO THE AMELIORATION OF MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA, EVEN MORE WHEN ADMINISTERED WITH ASPIRIN.","CORONARY HEART DISEASE; ERGOGENIC EFFECT; EXERCISE-ECG TESTING; LIPID-LOWERING EFFECT; OCTACOSANOL; PLATELET ANTIAGGREGANT EFFECT; POLICOSANOL","ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENTS; ASPIRIN; CORONARY DISEASE; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; EXERCISE TEST; FATTY ALCOHOLS; HUMANS; PLATELET AGGREGATION INHIBITORS; ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ANTILIPEMIC AGENT; POLICOSANOL; THALLIUM 201; ADULT; AEROBIC METABOLISM; ANGINA PECTORIS; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; ELECTROCARDIOGRAM; FEMALE; HEART MUSCLE ISCHEMIA; HEART MUSCLE PERFUSION; HUMAN; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; LIPID BLOOD LEVEL; MALE; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; PHASE 2 CLINICAL TRIAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SCINTIGRAPHY; ST SEGMENT; TREADMILL EXERCISE","","","AHA MEDICAL SCIENTIFIC STATEMENT. 1994 REVISIONS TO CLASSIFICATION OF FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY AND OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT OF PATIENTS WITH DISEASES OF THE HEART, CIRCULATION, 90, PP. 644-645, (1994); ARRUZAZABALA M., VALDES S., MAS R., ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON PLATELET AGGREGATION IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, REV CENIC CIENC BIOL, 26, (1995); BATISTA J., STUSSER R., PENICHET M., ET AL., DOPPLER-ULTRASOUND PILOT STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF LONG-TERM POLICOSANOL THERAPY ON CAROTID-VERTEBRAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS, CURR THER RES, 56, PP. 906-914, (1995); BATISTA J., STUSSER K., SAEZ F., ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON HYPERLIPIDEMIA AND CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN MIDDLE-AGED PATIENTS. A 14-MONTH PILOT STUDY, INT J CLIN PHARMACOL THER, 34, PP. 134-137, (1996); BATISTA J., STUSSER R., PADRON R., ET AL., FUNCTIONAL IMPROVEMENT IN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE AFTER 20 MONTHS OF LIPID-LOWERING THERAPY WITH POLICOSANOL, ADV THER, 13, PP. 137-148, (1996); BELTZ S., DOERING P., EFFICACY OF NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS USED IN ATHLETES, CLIN PHARM, 12, PP. 900-908, (1993); BLANKENHORN D., NESSIM S., JOHNSON R., ET AL., BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF COMBINED COLESTIPOL-NIACIN THERAPY ON CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND CORONARY BYPASS GRAFTS, JAMA, 57, PP. 3233-3240, (1987); BLANKENHORN D.H., SELZER R.H., CRAWFORD D.W., ET AL., BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF COLESTIPOL-NIACIN THERAPY ON THE COMMON CAROTID ARTERY, CIRCULATION, 88, PP. 20-28, (1993); BOGATY P., GUIMOND J., ROBITAILLE N.M., ET AL., A REAPPRAISAL OF EXERCISE ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC INDEXES OF THE SEVERITY OF ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE: ANGIOGRAPHIC AND SCINTIGRAPHIC CORRELATES, JACC, 29, PP. 1497-1504, (1997); BRUCE R., EXERCISE TESTING OF PATIENTS WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE: PRINCIPLES AND NORMAL STANDARDS FOR EVALUATION, ANN CLIN RES, 3, PP. 323-332, (1971); CASTANO G., MAS R., NODARSE M., ET AL., ONE-YEAR STUDY OF THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF POLICOSANOL (5 MG TWICE-DAILY) IN THE TREATMENT OF TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES, 56, PP. 296-303, (1995); FLETCHER G.F., BALADY G., FROELICHER V.F., ET AL., AHA MEDICAL SCIENTIFIC STATEMENT. EXERCISE STANDARDS. A STATEMENT FOR HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS FROM THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION, CIRCULATION, 91, PP. 580-615, (1995); GRUNDY S., NATIONAL CHOLESTEROL EDUCATION PROGRAM: SECOND REPORT OF THE EXPERT PANEL ON DETECTION, EVALUATION, AND TREATMENT OF HIGH BLOOD CHOLESTEROL IN ADULTS, CIRCULATION, 89, PP. 1329-1446, (1994); KABIR Y., KIMURA S., BIODISTRIBUTION AND METABOLISM OF ORALLY ADMINISTERED OCTACOSANOL IN RATS, ANN NUTR METAB, 37, PP. 33-38, (1993); KABIR Y., KIMURA S., TISSUE DISTRIBUTION OF (8-14C)-OCTACOSANOL IN LIVER AND MUSCLE OF RATS AFTER SERIAL ADMINISTRATION, ANN NUTR METAB, 39, PP. 279-284, (1995); NOHARA R., HOSOKAWA L., LINXUE L., ET AL., LONG-TERM CHOLESTEROL-LOWERING TREATMENT AND MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION, J NUCL CARD, 4, (1997); NORRIS F., DENYS E., NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS IN AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS, ADV EXP MED BIOL, 209, PP. 183-189, (1987); SAINT-JOHN M., MC NAUGHTON L., OCTACOSANOL INGESTION AND ITS EFFECTS ON METABOLIC RESPONSES TO SUBMAXIMAL CYCLE ERGOMETRY REACTION TIME AND CHEST AND GRIP STRENGTH, INT CLIN NUTR REV, 6, PP. 81-87, (1986); SCHELL W.D., MYERS J.N., REGRESSION OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS: A REVIEW, PROGR CARDIOVASC DIS, 39, PP. 483-496, (1997); SCHULER G., SCHLIERF G., WIRTH A., ET AL., LOW-FAT DIET AND REGULAR, SUPERVISED PHYSICAL EXERCISE IN PATIENTS WITH SYMPTOMATIC CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE: REDUCTION OF STRESS-INDUCED MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA, CIRCULATION, 77, PP. 172-181, (1988); SCHULER G., HAMBRECHT R., SCHIERF G., ET AL., REGULAR EXERCISE AND LOW-FAT DIET. EFFECTS ON PROGRESSION OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE, CIRCULATION, 86, PP. 1-11, (1992); THEIN L.A., THEIN J.M., LANDRY G.L., ERGOGENIC AIDS, PHYS THER, 75, PP. 426-439, (1995); VICKERS A., CASSILETH B., ERNST F., ET AL., HOW SHOULD WE RESEARCH UNCONVENTIONAL THERAPIES? A PANEL REPORT FROM THE CONFERENCE ON COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY, NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH, INT J TECHNO ASSESS HEALTH CARE, 13, PP. 11-121, (1997); WHITE H., FRENCH J., HAMER A., ET AL., FREQUENT REOCCLUSSION OF PATIENT INFARCT-RELATED ARTERIES BETWEEN 4 WEEKS AND 1 YEAR: EFFECTS OF ANTIPLATELET THERAPY, J AM COLL CARDIOL, 25, PP. 218-223, (1995)","","","ENGLISH","INT. J. CLIN. PHARMACOL. THER.","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-0031679774","INT J CLIN PHARMACOL THER",NA,"NOTREPORTED",NA,"STÜSSER R, 1998, INT J CLIN PHARMACOL THER","STÜSSER R, 1998, INT J CLIN PHARMACOL THER"
"CHEN J;WESLEY R;SHAMBUREK R;PUCINO F;CSAKO G","CHEN, JUDY T. (9740467200); WESLEY, ROBERT (55384357900); SHAMBUREK, ROBERT D. (6701748801); PUCINO, FRANK (6701705695); CSAKO, GYORGY (57204299898)","METAANALYSIS OF NATURAL THERAPIES FOR HYPERLIPIDEMIA PLANT STEROLS AND STANOLS VERSUS POLICOSANOL",2005,"PHARMACOTHERAPY","25","12",113,"10.1592/phco.25.2.171.56942","PURDUE UNIVERSITY, WEST LAFAYETTE, IN, UNITED STATES, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE, PURDUE UNIVERSITY, R. HEINE PHARMACY BUILDING, WEST LAFAYETTE, IN 47907-2091, 575 STADIUM MALL DRIVE, UNITED STATES;NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH, BETHESDA, MD, UNITED STATES;NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH, BETHESDA, MD, UNITED STATES;DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY, NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH, BETHESDA, MD, UNITED STATES;DEPARTMENT OF LABORATORY MEDICINE, NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH, BETHESDA, MD, UNITED STATES","STUDY OBJECTIVE. TO COMPARE THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF PLANT STEROLS AND STANOLS AS WELL AS POLICOSANOL IN THE TREATMENT OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE, AS MEASURED BY A REDUCTION IN LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL (LDL) LEVELS. DESIGN. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS. PATIENTS. A TOTAL OF 4596 PATIENTS FROM 52 ELIGIBLE STUDIES. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS. WE SEARCHED MEDLINE, EMBASE, THE WEB OF SCIENCE, AND THE COCHRANE LIBRARY FROM JANUARY 1967-JUNE 2003 TO IDENTIFY PERTINENT STUDIES. REDUCTION OF LDL LEVELS WAS THE PRIMARY END POINT; EFFECTS ON OTHER LIPID PARAMETERS AND WITHDRAWAL OF STUDY PATIENTS DUE TO ADVERSE EFFECTS WERE THE SECONDARY END POINTS. WEIGHTED ESTIMATES OF PERCENT CHANGE IN LDL WERE -11.0% FOR PLANT STEROL AND STANOL ESTERS 3.4 G/DAY (RANGE 2-9 G/DAY [893 PATIENTS]) VERSUS -2.3% FOR PLACEBO (769 PATIENTS) IN 23 ELIGIBLE STUDIES, COMPARED WITH -23.7% FOR POLICOSANOL 12 MG/DAY (RANGE 5-40 MG/DAY [1528 PATIENTS]) VERSUS -0.11% FOR PLACEBO (1406 PATIENTS) IN 29 ELIGIBLE STUDIES. CUMULATIVE P VALUES WERE SIGNIFICANTLY DIFFERENT FROM PLACEBO FOR BOTH (P<0.0001). THE NET LDL REDUCTION IN THE TREATMENT GROUPS MINUS THAT IN THE PLACEBO GROUPS WAS GREATER WITH POLICOSANOL THAN PLANT STEROLS AND STANOLS (-24% VERSUS -10%, P<0.0001). POLICOSANOL ALSO AFFECTED TOTAL CHOLESTEROL, HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL (HDL), AND TRIGLYCERIDE LEVELS MORE FAVORABLY THAN PLANT STEROLS AND STANOLS. POLICOSANOL CAUSED A CLINICALLY SIGNIFICANT DECREASE IN THE LDL:HDL RATIO. POOLED WITHDRAWAL RATE DUE TO ADVERSE EFFECTS AND COMBINED RELATIVE RISK FOR PATIENTS WHO WITHDREW WERE 0% AND 0.84, RESPECTIVELY (95% CONFIDENCE INTERVAL [CI] 0.36-1.95, P=0.69), FOR PLANT STEROLS AND STANOLS ACROSS 20 STUDIES VERSUS 0.86% AND 0.31, RESPECTIVELY (95% CI 0.20-0.48, P<0.0001), FOR POLICOSANOL ACROSS 28 STUDIES. CONCLUSION. PLANT STEROLS AND STANOLS AND POLICOSANOL ARE WELL TOLERATED AND SAFE; HOWEVER, POLICOSANOL IS MORE EFFECTIVE THAN PLANT STEROLS AND STANOLS FOR LDL LEVEL REDUCTION AND MORE FAVORABLY ALTERS THE LIPID PROFILE, APPROACHING ANTILIPEMIC DRUG EFFICACY.","CHOLESTEROL; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; HYPERLIPIDEMIA; LDL; NATURAL THERAPY; PLANT STANOLS; PLANT STEROLS; POLICOSANOL","ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENTS; CORONARY DISEASE; FATTY ALCOHOLS; HUMANS; HYPERLIPIDEMIAS; PHYTOSTEROLS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS; SITOSTEROLS; ANTILIPEMIC AGENT; BILE ACID SEQUESTRANT; EZETIMIBE; FIBRIC ACID DERIVATIVE; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; NICOTINIC ACID; PHYTOSTEROL; PLACEBO; POLICOSANOL; STANOL ESTER; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; APPETITE DISORDER; ARTHRALGIA; ASTHENIA; BULIMIA; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASE; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CLINICAL TRIAL; COCHRANE LIBRARY; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; CONSTIPATION; DIARRHEA; DIZZINESS; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; DYSPEPSIA; EMBASE; EPIGASTRIC PAIN; FECES COLOR; FLATULENCE; GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX; GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOM; HUMAN; HYPERLIPIDEMIA; HYPOTENSION; INSOMNIA; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; LEG CRAMP; LEUKOPENIA; MEDLINE; META ANALYSIS; MUSCLE CRAMP; NAUSEA; NERVOUSNESS; POLYDIPSIA; PRURITUS; REVIEW; SIDE EFFECT; SKIN DISEASE; SOMNOLENCE; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; TIME SERIES ANALYSIS","NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE, NHLBI, (Z01HL002064); NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE, NHLBI","","THIRD REPORT OF THE NATIONAL CHOLESTEROL EDUCATION PROGRAM (NCEP) EXPERT PANEL ON DETECTION, EVALUATION, AND TREATMENT OF HIGH BLOOD CHOLESTEROL IN ADULTS (ADULT TREATMENT PANEL III) FINAL REPORT, CIRCULATION, 106, 25, PP. 3143-3421, (2002); EISENBERG D.M., DAVIS R.B., ETTNER S.L., ET AL., TRENDS IN ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE USE IN THE UNITED STATES, 1990-1997: RESULTS OF A FOLLOW-UP NATIONAL SURVEY, JAMA, 280, 18, PP. 1569-1575, (1998); MACLENNAN A.H., WILSON D.H., TAYLOR A.W., THE ESCALATING COST AND PREVALENCE OF ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE, PREV MED, 35, 2, PP. 166-173, (2002); GYLLING H., MIETTINEN T.A., CHOLESTEROL REDUCTION BY DIFFERENT PLANT STANOL MIXTURES AND WITH VARIABLE FAT INTAKE, METABOLISM, 48, 5, PP. 575-580, (1999); PLAT J., MENSINK R.P., VEGETABLE OIL-BASED VERSUS WOOD-BASED STANOL ESTER MIXTURES: EFFECTS ON SERUM LIPIDS AND HEMOSTATIC FACTORS IN NON-HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC SUBJECTS, ATHEROSCLEROSIS, 148, 1, PP. 101-112, (2000); HALLIKAINEN M.A., UUSITUPA M.I., EFFECTS OF 2 LOW-FAT STANOL ESTERCONTAINING MARGARINES ON SERUM CHOLESTEROL CONCENTRATIONS AS PART OF A LOW-FAT DIET IN HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC SUBJECTS, EUR J CLIN NUTR, 69, 3, PP. 403-410, (1999); HALLIKAINEN M.A., SARKKINEN E.S., GYLLING H., ERKKILA A.T., UUSITUPA M.I., COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF PLANT STEROL ESTER AND PLANT STANOL ESTER-ENRICHED MARGARINES IN LOWERING SERUM CHOLESTEROL CONCENTRATIONS IN HYPERCHOLESTEROLAEMIC SUBJECTS ON A LOW-FAT DIET, EUR J CLIN NUTR, 54, 9, PP. 715-725, (2000); LAW M., PLANT STEROL AND STANOL MARGARINES AND HEALTH, BMJ, 320, 7238, PP. 861-864, (2000); GOUNI-BERTHOLD I., BERTHOLD H.K., POLICOSANOL: CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF A NEW LIPID-LOWERING AGENT, AM HEART J, 143, 2, PP. 356-365, (2002); JANIKULA M., POLICOSANOL: A NEW TREATMENT FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE?, ALTERN MED REV, 7, 3, PP. 203-217, (2002); CRESPO N., ALVAREZ R., MAS R., ILLNAIT J., FERNANDEZ L., FERNANDEZ J.C., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL ON PATIENTS WITH NON-INSULIN-DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS AND HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA: A PILOT STUDY, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 58, 1, PP. 44-51, (1997); CASTANO G., MAS R., FERNANDEZ L., ILLNAIT J., GAMEZ R., FERNANDEZ J.C., COMPARISON OF TWO REGIMENS OF POLICOSANOL ADMINISTERED AT 20 MG/D IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA: A RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED STUDY, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 62, 3, PP. 194-208, (2001); PONS P., RODRIGUEZ M., ROBAINA C., ET AL., EFFECTS OF SUCCESSIVE DOSE INCREASES OF POLICOSANOL ON THE LIPID PROFILE OF PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLAEMIA AND TOLERABILITY TO TREATMENT, INT J CLIN PHARMACOL RES, 14, 1, PP. 27-33, (1994); ANEIROS E., CALDERON B., MAS R., ET AL., EFFECT OF SUCCESSIVE DOSE INCREASES OF POLICOSANOL ON THE LIPID PROFILE AND TOLERABILITY OF TREATMENT, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 54, 3, PP. 304-312, (1993); CASTANO G., MAS R., FERNANDEZ L., ILLNAIT J., GAMEZ R., ALVAREZ E., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL 20 VERSUS 40 MG/DAY IN THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA: A 6-MONTH DOUBLE-BLIND STUDY, INT J CLIN PHARMACOL RES, 21, 1, PP. 43-57, (2001); CANETTI M., MOREIRA M., ILLNAIT J., ET AL., ONE-YEAR STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON LIPID PROFILE IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, ADV THER, 12, 4, PP. 245-254, (1995); CASTANO G., MAS R., NODARSE M., ILLNAIT J., FERNANDEZ L., FERNANDEZ J.C., ONE-YEAR STUDY OF THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF POLICOSANOL (5 MG TWICE DAILY) IN THE TREATMENT OF TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 56, 3, PP. 296-304, (1995); MIRKIN A., MAS R., MARTINTO M., ET AL., EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF POLICOSANOL IN HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN, INT J CLIN PHARMACOL RES, 21, 1, PP. 31-41, (2001); CASTANO G., MAS R., FERNANDEZ L., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL ON POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, GYNECOL ENDOCRINOL, 14, 3, PP. 187-195, (2000); MAS R., CASTANO G., ILLNAIT J., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA AND ADDITIONAL CORONARY RISK FACTORS, CLIN PHARMACOL THER, 65, 4, PP. 439-447, (1999); CASTANO G., MAS R., FERNANDEZ J.C., ILLNAIT J., FERNANDEZ L., ALVAREZ E., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL IN OLDER PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA AND HIGH CORONARY RISK, J GERONTOL A BIOL SCI MED SCI, 56, 3, (2001); CASTANO G., MENENDEZ R., MAS R., ET AL., EFFECTS OF D-003, A NEW HYPOCHOLESTEROLAEMIC AND ANTIPLATELET COMPOUND, ON LIPID PROFILE AND LIPID PEROXIDATION IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, CLIN DRUG INVEST, 23, 3, PP. 193-203, (2003); CANETTI M., MOREIRA M., MAS R., ET AL., A TWO-YEAR STUDY ON THE EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF POLICOSANOL IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERLIPOPROTEINAEMIA, INT J CLIN PHARMACOL RES, 15, 4, PP. 159-165, (1995); PONS P., RODRIGUEZ M., MAS R., ET AL., ONE-YEAR EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF POLICOSANOL IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 55, 9, PP. 1084-1092, (1994); CASTANO G., CANETTI M., MOREIRA M., ET AL., EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF POLICOSANOL IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA: A 12-MONTH STUDY, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 56, 8, PP. 819-828, (1995); CASTANO G., MAS R., FERNANDEZ J.C., ILLNAIT J., COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF TWO ONCE-DAILY REGIMENS OF POLICOSANOL IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 58, 3, PP. 154-162, (1997); TORRES O., AGRAMONTE A.J., ILLNAIT J., MAS F.R., FERNANDEZ L., FERNANDEZ J.C., TREATMENT OF HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA IN NIDDM WITH POLICOSANOL, DIABETES CARE, 18, 3, PP. 393-397, (1995); MAS R., CASTANO G., FERNANDEZ L., ILLNAIT J., FERNANDEZ J., ALVAREZ E., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL ON LIPID PROFILE AND CARDIAC EVENTS IN OLDER HYPERCHOLESTEROLAEMIC PATIENTS WITH CORONARY DISEASE, CLIN DRUG INVEST, 21, 7, PP. 485-497, (2001); ANEIROS E., MAS R., CALDERON B., ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL IN LOWERING CHOLESTEROL LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 56, 2, PP. 176-182, (1995); CASTANO G., MAS R., FERNANDEZ J.C., FERNANDEZ L., ILLNAIT J., LOPEZ E., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL ON OLDER PATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION AND TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLAEMIA, DRUGS R D, 3, 3, PP. 159-172, (2002); ZARDOYA R., TULA L., CASTANO G., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL ON HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC PATIENTS WITH ABNORMAL SERUM BIOCHEMICAL INDICATORS OF HEPATIC FUNCTION, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 57, 7, PP. 568-577, (1996); CASTANO G., TULA L., CANETTI M., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 57, 9, PP. 691-699, (1996); MENENDEZ R., MAS R., AMOR A.M., FERNANDEZ J.C., GONZALEZ R.M., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL ON THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN ISOLATED FROM HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC PATIENTS AT HIGH CORONARY RISK TO IN VITRO COPPER-MEDIATED LIPID PEROXIDATION: A RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND PILOT STUDY, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 61, 9, PP. 609-620, (2000); MENENDEZ R., MAS R., AMOR A.M., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL TREATMENT ON THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN (LDL) ISOLATED FROM HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS TO OXIDATIVE MODIFICATION IN VITRO, BR J CLIN PHARMACOL, 50, 3, PP. 255-262, (2000); PONS P., MAS R., ILLNAIT J., ET AL., EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF POLICOSANOL IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 52, 4, PP. 507-513, (1992); ARRUZAZABALA M.L., MOLINA V., MAS R., ET AL., ANTIPLATELET EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL (20 AND 40 MG/DAY) IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS AND DYSLIPIDAEMIC PATIENTS, CLIN EXP PHARMACOL PHYSIOL, 29, 10, PP. 891-897, (2002); BATISTA J., STUSSER R., PENICHET M., UGUET E., DOPPLER-ULTRASOUND PILOT-STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF LONG-TERM POLICOSANOL THERAPY ON CAROTID-VERTEBRAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 56, 9, PP. 906-914, (1995); HERNANDEZ F., ILLNAIT J., MAS R., ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON SERUM LIPIDS AND LIPOPROTEINS IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 51, 4, PP. 568-575, (1992); BATISTA J.F., STUSSER R.J., PADRON R., SOSA F., PEREZTOL O., PEREZ B., FUNCTIONAL IMPROVEMENT IN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE AFTER 20 MONTHS OF LIPID-LOWERING THERAPY WITH POLICOSANOL, ADV THER, 13, 3, PP. 137-148, (1996); DAVIDSON M.H., MAKI K.C., UMPOROWICZ D.M., ET AL., SAFETY AND TOLERABILITY OF ESTERIFIED PHYTOSTEROLS ADMINISTERED IN REDUCED-FAT SPREAD AND SALAD DRESSING TO HEALTHY ADULT MEN AND WOMEN, J AM COLL NUTR, 20, 4, PP. 307-319, (2001); MIETTINEN T.A., PUSKA P., GYLLING H., VANHANEN H., VARTIAINEN E., REDUCTION OF SERUM CHOLESTEROL WITH SITOSTANOL-ESTER MARGARINE IN A MILDLY HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC POPULATION, N ENGL J MED, 333, 20, PP. 1308-1312, (1995); HOMMA Y., IKEDA I., ISHIKAWA T., TATENO M., SUGANO M., NAKAMURA H., DECREASE IN PLASMA LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL, APOLIPOPROTEIN B, CHOLESTERYL ESTER TRANSFER PROTEIN, AND OXIDIZED LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN BY PLANT STANOL ESTER-CONTAINING SPREAD: A RANDOMIZED, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL, NUTRITION, 19, 4, PP. 369-374, (2003); 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CLEGHORN C.L., SKEAFF C.M., MANN J., CHISHOLM A., PLANT STEROLENRICHED SPREAD ENHANCES THE CHOLESTEROL-LOWERING POTENTIAL OF A FAT-REDUCED DIET, EUR J CLIN NUTR, 57, 1, PP. 170-176, (2003); LOTTENBERG A.M., NUNES V.S., NAKANDAKARE E.R., ET AL., THE HUMAN CHOLESTERYL ESTER TRANSFER PROTEIN I405V POLYMORPHISM IS ASSOCIATED WITH PLASMA CHOLESTEROL CONCENTRATION AND ITS REDUCTION BY DIETARY PHYTOSTEROL ESTERS, J NUTR, 133, 6, PP. 1800-1805, (2003); MENSINK R.P., EBBING S., LINDHOUT M., PLAT J., VAN HEUGTEN M.M., EFFECTS OF PLANT STANOL ESTERS SUPPLIED IN LOW-FAT YOGHURT ON SERUM LIPIDS AND LIPOPROTEINS, NON-CHOLESTEROL STEROLS AND FAT SOLUBLE ANTIOXIDANT CONCENTRATIONS, ATHEROSCLEROSIS, 160, 1, PP. 205-213, (2002); SPILBURG C.A., GOLDBERG A.C., MCGILL J.B., ET AL., FAT-FREE FOODS SUPPLEMENTED WITH SOY STANOL-LECITHIN POWDER REDUCE CHOLESTEROL ABSORPTION AND LDL CHOLESTEROL, J AM DIET ASSOC, 103, 5, PP. 577-581, (2003); BLOMQVIST S.M., JAUHIAINEN M., VANTOL A., ET AL., EFFECT OF SITOSTANOL ESTER ON COMPOSITION AND SIZE DISTRIBUTION OF LOW-DENSITY AND HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN, NUTR METAB CARDIOVASC DIS, 3, 4, PP. 158-164, (1993); VANHANEN H.T., BLOMQVIST S., EHNHOLM C., ET AL., SERUM CHOLESTEROL, CHOLESTEROL PRECURSORS, AND PLANT STEROLS IN HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC SUBJECTS WITH DIFFERENT APOE PHENOTYPES DURING DIETARY SITOSTANOL ESTER TREATMENT, J LIPID RES, 34, 9, PP. 1535-1544, (1993); MAKI K.C., DAVIDSON M.H., UMPOROWICZ D.M., ET AL., LIPID RESPONSES TO PLANT-STEROL-ENRICHED REDUCED-FAT SPREADS INCORPORATED INTO A NATIONAL CHOLESTEROL EDUCATION PROGRAM STEP 1 DIET, AM J CLIN NUTR, 74, 1, PP. 33-43, (2001); SIMONS L.A., ADDITIVE EFFECT OF PLANT STEROL-ESTER MARGARINE AND CERIVASTATIN IN LOWERING LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL IN PRIMARY HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, AM J CARDIOL, 90, 7, PP. 737-740, (2002); DE GRAAF J., SAUVAGE NOLTING P.R., VAN DAM M., ET AL., CONSUMPTION OF TALL OIL-DERIVED PHYTOSTEROLS IN A CHOCOLATE MATRIX SIGNIFICANTLY DECREASES PLASMA TOTAL AND LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN-CHOLESTEROL LEVELS, BR J NUTR, 88, 5, PP. 479-488, (2002); MATVIENKO O.A., LEWIS D.S., SWANSON M., ET AL., A SINGLE DAILY DOSE OF SOYBEAN PHYTOSTEROLS IN GROUND BEEF DECREASES SERUM TOTAL CHOLESTEROL AND LDL CHOLESTEROL IN YOUNG, MILDLY HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC MEN, AM J CLIN NUTR, 76, 1, PP. 57-64, (2002); 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ILLINGWORTH D.R., AN OVERVIEW OF LIPID-LOWERING DRUGS, DRUGS, 36, 3 SUPPL., PP. 63-71, (1988); SCHECTMAN G., HIATT J., DRUG THERAPY FOR HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE: FACTORS LIMITING ACHIEVEMENT OF LIPID GOALS, AM J MED, 100, 2, PP. 197-204, (1996); RADER D.J., THERAPY TO REDUCE RISK OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE, CLIN CARDIOL, 26, 1, PP. 2-8, (2003); ZEMA M.J., GEMFIBROZIL, NICOTINIC ACID AND COMBINATION THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH ISOLATED HYPOALPHALIPOPROTEINEMIA: A RANDOMIZED, OPEN-LABEL, CROSSOVER STUDY, J AM COLL CARDIOL, 35, 3, PP. 640-646, (2000); HELLER F.R., DESAGER J.P., HARVENGT C., PLASMA LIPID CONCENTRATIONS AND LECITHIN:CHOLESTEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY IN NORMOLIPIDEMIC SUBJECTS GIVEN FENOFIBRATE AND COLESTIPOL, METABOLISM, 30, 1, PP. 67-71, (1981); PHYSICIANS' DESK REFERENCE, 57TH ED., (2003); CASTANO G., MAS R., FERNANDEZ L., ET AL., COMPARISON OF THE EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF POLICOSANOL WITH ATORVASTATIN IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLAEMIA, DRUGS AGING, 20, 2, PP. 153-163, (2003); LAW M.R., WALD N.J., THOMPSON S.G., BY HOW MUCH AND HOW QUICKLY DOES REDUCTION IN SERUM CHOLESTEROL CONCENTRATION LOWER RISK OF ISCHAEMIC HEART DISEASE?, BMJ, 308, 6925, PP. 367-372, (1994); GOULD A.L., ROSSOUW J.E., SANTANELLO N.C., HEYSE J.F., FURBERG C.D., CHOLESTEROL REDUCTION YIELDS CLINICAL BENEFIT: IMPACT OF STATIN TRIALS, CIRCULATION, 97, 10, PP. 946-952, (1998); OSE L., LUURILA O., ERIKSSON J., OLSSON A., LITHELL H., WIDGREN B., CERIVASTATIN GENDER EFFECT: SUB-ANALYSES OF RESULTS FROM A MULTINATIONAL, RANDOMISED, DOUBLE-BLIND STUDY: CERIVASTATIN STUDY GROUP, CURR MED RES OPIN, 16, 2, PP. 80-87, (2000); DAWSON P.A., RUDEL L.L., INTESTINAL CHOLESTEROL ABSORPTION, CURR OPIN LIPIDOL, 10, 4, PP. 315-320, (1999); HEINEMANN T., AXTMANN G., VON BERGMANN K., COMPARISON OF INTESTINAL ABSORPTION OF CHOLESTEROL WITH DIFFERENT PLANT STEROLS IN MAN, EUR J CLIN INVEST, 23, 12, PP. 827-831, (1993); LICHTENSTEIN A.H., DECKELBAUM R.J., AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION SCIENCE ADVISORY: STANOL/STEROL ESTER-CONTAINING FOODS AND BLOOD CHOLESTEROL LEVELS: A STATEMENT FOR HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS FROM THE NUTRITION COMMITTEE OF THE COUNCIL ON NUTRITION, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, AND METABOLISM OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION, CIRCULATION, 103, 8, PP. 1177-1179, (2001); BLAIR S.N., CAPUZZI D.M., GOTTLIEB S.O., NGUYEN T., MORGAN J.M., CATER N.B., INCREMENTAL REDUCTION OF SERUM TOTAL CHOLESTEROL AND LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL WITH THE ADDITION OF PLANT STANOL ESTER-CONTAINING SPREAD TO STATIN THERAPY, AM J CARDIOL, 86, 1, PP. 46-52, (2000); WILT T.J., MACDONALD R., ISHANI A., Β-SITOSTEROL FOR THE TREATMENT OF BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW, BJU INT, 83, 9, PP. 976-983, (1999); LING W.H., JONES P.J., DIETARY PHYTOSTEROLS: A REVIEW OF METABOLISM, BENEFITS AND SIDE EFFECTS, LIFE SCI, 57, 3, PP. 195-206, (1995); TAYLOR J.C., RAPPORT L., LOCKWOOD G.B., OCTACOSANOL IN HUMAN HEALTH, NUTRITION, 19, 2, PP. 192-195, (2003); MAS R., RIVAS P., IZQUIERDO J.E., ET AL., PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDY OF POLICOSANOL, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 60, 8, PP. 458-467, (1999); ORTENSI G., GLADSTEIN J., VALLI H., TESONE P.A., A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF POLICOSANOL VERSUS SIMVASTATIN IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 58, 6, PP. 390-401, (1997); PRAT H., ROMAN O., PINO E., COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL AND TWO HMG-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS ON TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, REV MED CHIL, 127, 3, PP. 286-294, (1999); NIKITIN I., SLEPCHENKO N.V., GRATSIANSKII N.A., ET AL., RESULTS OF THE MULTICENTER CONTROLLED STUDY OF THE HYPOLIPIDEMIC DRUG POLYCOSANOL IN RUSSIA, TER ARKH, 72, 12, PP. 7-10, (2000); DENKE M.A., LACK OF EFFICACY OF LOW-DOSE SITOSTANOL THERAPY AS AN ADJUNCT TO A CHOLESTEROL-LOWERING DIET IN MEN WITH MODERATE HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, J LIPID RES, 61, 2, PP. 392-396, (1995); JENKINS D.J., KENDALL C.W., MARCHIE A., ET AL., EFFECTS OF A DIETARY PORTFOLIO OF CHOLESTEROL-LOWERING FOODS VS LOVASTATIN ON SERUM LIPIDS AND C-REACTIVE PROTEIN, JAMA, 290, 4, PP. 502-510, (2003); ABRAMOWICZ M., THREE NEW DRUGS FOR HYPERLIPIDEMIA, MED LETT DRUGS THER, 45, 1151, PP. 17-19, (2003)","J.T. CHEN; DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY PRACTICE, PURDUE UNIVERSITY, R. HEINE PHARMACY BUILDING, WEST LAFAYETTE, IN 47907-2091, 575 STADIUM MALL DRIVE, UNITED STATES; EMAIL: JTCHEN@PHARMACY.PURDUE.EDU","","ENGLISH","PHARMACOTHERAPY","REVIEW","ISI","2-S2.0-13544277440","PHARMACOTHERAPY","PURDUE UNIVERSITY;NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH;NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH;NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH;NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH","NOTREPORTED;PURDUE UNIVERSITY;NOTREPORTED",NA,"CHEN JT, 2005, PHARMACOTHERAPY","CHEN JT, 2005, PHARMACOTHERAPY"
"MERU A;MITTRA S;THYAGARAJAN B;CHUGH A","MERU, ASHWINKUMAR V. (14028581700); MITTRA, SHIVANI (7004619900); THYAGARAJAN, BASKARAN (15056848200); CHUGH, ANITA (9234282800)","INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION AN OVERVIEW",2006,"ATHEROSCLEROSIS","187","16",96,"10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2005.11.027","NEW DRUG DISCOVERY RESEARCH, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGY, RANBAXY LABORATORIES LIMITED, GURGAON 122001, HARYANA, PLOT 20, INDIA;NEW DRUG DISCOVERY RESEARCH, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGY, RANBAXY LABORATORIES LIMITED, GURGAON 122001, HARYANA, PLOT 20, INDIA;NEW DRUG DISCOVERY RESEARCH, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGY, RANBAXY LABORATORIES LIMITED, GURGAON 122001, HARYANA, PLOT 20, INDIA;NEW DRUG DISCOVERY RESEARCH, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGY, RANBAXY LABORATORIES LIMITED, GURGAON 122001, HARYANA, PLOT 20, INDIA","INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION (IC) IS DEFINED BY LEG MUSCLE PAIN, CRAMPING AND FATIGUE BROUGHT ON BY AMBULATION/EXERCISE; RELIEVED ON REST; AND CAUSED BY INADEQUATE BLOOD SUPPLY AND IS THE PRIMARY SYMPTOM OF PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE (PAD). PAD HAS A DETRIMENTAL EFFECT ON THE QUALITY OF LIFE. PAD IS A DEBILITATING ATHEROSCLEROTIC DISEASE OF THE LOWER LIMBS AND IS ASSOCIATED WITH AN INCREASED RISK OF CARDIOVASCULAR MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY. IC IS AN EXTREMELY IMPORTANT MARKER OF ATHEROMA. UP TO 60% PATIENTS WITH IC HAVE SIGNIFICANT UNDERLYING CORONARY AND/OR CAROTID DISEASE AND 40% OF ALL PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM IC DIE OR SUFFER A STROKE WITHIN 5 YEARS OF PRESENTATION. THE THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTION OF IC ESSENTIALLY AIMS AT PROVIDING SYMPTOMATIC RELIEF AND REDUCING THE SYSTEMIC CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS. ALTHOUGH EXERCISE THERAPY IS ONE OF THE MOST EFFICACIOUS CONSERVATIVE TREATMENTS FOR CLAUDICATION, THE PHARMACOTHERAPEUTIC GOALS CAN BE BEST ACHIEVED THROUGH AN INCREASE IN THE WALKING CAPACITY TO IMPROVE QUALITY OF LIFE AND A DECREASE IN RATES OF AMPUTATION. IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF TREATMENT FOR IC, AN AGGRESSIVE NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL INTERVENTION AND PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF THE RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH IC ARE CONSIDERED. IN THE NEXT 2 YEARS, THE RESULTS OF MAJOR TRIALS OF DRUGS THAT STABILIZE AND REGRESS ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUCH AS STATINS AND ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS, AND ANTI-PLATELET AGENTS, RECOMBINANT GROWTH FACTORS AND IMMUNE MODULATORS WILL BE AVAILABLE FOR IC. LEVOCARNITINE (L-CARNITINE) AND A DERIVATIVE, PROPIONYL LEVOCARNITINE, ARE EMERGING AGENTS THAT INCREASE THE PAIN-FREE WALKING AND IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF LIFE IN IC PATIENTS BY WORKING AT THE METABOLISM AND EXERCISE PERFORMANCE OF ISCHEMIC MUSCLES. THIS ARTICLE PROVIDES A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY INVOLVED, DIAGNOSIS OF IC AND EXISTING AND EMERGING PHARMACOTHERAPIES WITH RATIONALE FOR THEIR USE IN ITS TREATMENT. © 2005 ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.","INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE; PHARMACOTHERAPY; RISK FACTORS","HUMANS; INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION; PLATELET AGGREGATION INHIBITORS; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTORS; VASODILATOR AGENTS; ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ADENOVIRUS VECTOR; ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; ARGININE; ASCORBIC ACID; BERAPROST; BUFLOMEDIL; C REACTIVE PROTEIN; CARNITINE; CILOSTAZOL; CLOPIDOGREL; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; DIPYRIDAMOLE; ECRAPROST; GINKGO BILOBA EXTRACT; HOMOCYSTEINE; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; INSULIN; LIMAPROST; NAFTIDROFURYL; PENTOXIFYLLINE; PLACEBO; POLICOSANOL; PROSTAGLANDIN; SARPOGRELATE; SULODEXIDE; THROMBOXANE RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; TICLOPIDINE; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; VASCULOTROPIN; ABDOMINAL CRAMP; ABNORMAL FECES; ANEURYSM RUPTURE; ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX; ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE; BLOOD FLOWMETRY; BODY ODOR; BULIMIA; CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE; COLOR ULTRASOUND FLOWMETRY; DERMATITIS; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH ROUTE; DIAGNOSTIC TEST; DIARRHEA; DIZZINESS; DRUG CONTRAINDICATION; DRUG ERUPTION; DRUG INDUCED DISEASE; DRUG INDUCED HEADACHE; DYSPEPSIA; ERYTHEMA; FEMORAL ARTERY; GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOM; HEART MUSCLE OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; HEART PALPITATION; HOMOCYSTINURIA; HUMAN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA; INSOMNIA; INSULIN RESISTANCE; INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION; LEG EDEMA; LEG ISCHEMIA; LIFE EXPECTANCY; LIFESTYLE; LOOSE FECES; NAUSEA AND VOMITING; NEUTROPENIA; NON INVASIVE MEASUREMENT; OBESITY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; POLYURIA; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PRURITUS; PULSE WAVE; QUALITY OF LIFE; RESTENOSIS; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; SCREENING TEST; SECONDARY PREVENTION; SIDE EFFECT; SMOKING; SYMPTOM; SYNCOPE; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; THROMBOCYTE ACTIVATION; THROMBOTIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA; VIRAL GENE DELIVERY SYSTEM; VIRAL GENE THERAPY; WEIGHT REDUCTION","","","BICK C., INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION, NURS STAND, 17, PP. 45-52, (2003); DUPREZ D.A., DE BUYZERE M.L., HIRSCH A.T., DEVELOPING PHARMACEUTICAL TREATMENTS FOR PERIPHERAL ARTERY DISEASE, EXPERT OPIN INVESTIG DRUGS, 12, PP. 101-108, (2003); HIATT W.R., PHARMACOLOGIC THERAPY FOR PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE AND CLAUDICATION, J VASC SURG, 36, PP. 1283-1291, (2002); LANZER P., VASCULAR MULTIMORBIDITY IN PATIENTS WITH A DOCUMENTED CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE, Z KARDIOL, 8, PP. 650-659, (2003); SCHMIEDER F.A., INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION: MAGNITUDE OF THE PROBLEM, PATIENT EVALUATION, AND THERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES, AM J CARDIOL, 87, (2001); VASCULAR DISEASE: NURSING AND MANAGEMENT, (2001); LENG G.C., LEE A.J., FOWKES F.G., ET AL., INCIDENCE, NATURAL HISTORY AND CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS IN SYMPTOMATIC AND ASYMPTOMATIC PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE IN THE GENERAL POPULATION, INT J EPIDEMIOL, 25, PP. 1172-1181, (1996); MULUK S.C., MULUK V.S., KELLEY M.E., ET AL., OUTCOME EVENTS IN PATIENTS WITH CLAUDICATION: A 15-YEAR STUDY IN 2777 PATIENTS, J VASC SURG, 33, PP. 251-257, (2001); JELNES R., GAARDSTING O., HOUGAARD JENSEN K., ET AL., FATE IN INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION: OUTCOME AND RISK FACTORS, BR MED J (CLIN RES ED), 293, PP. 1137-1140, (1986); CRIQUI M.H., LANGER R.D., FRONEK A., ET AL., MORTALITY OVER A PERIOD OF 10 YEARS IN PATIENTS WITH PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE, N ENGL J MED, 326, PP. 381-386, (1992); HOWELL M.A., COLGAN M.P., SEEGER R.W., RAMSEY D.E., SUMNER D.S., RELATIONSHIP OF SEVERITY OF LOWER LIMB PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE TO MORTALITY AND MORBIDITY: A SIX-YEAR FOLLOW-UP STUDY, J VASC SURG, 9, PP. 691-696, (1989); MCKENNA M., WOLFSON S., KULLER L., THE RATIO OF ANKLE AND ARM ARTERIAL PRESSURE AS AN INDEPENDENT PREDICTOR OF MORTALITY, ATHEROSCLEROSIS, 87, PP. 119-128, (1991); REHRING T.F., SANDHOFF B.G., STOLCPART R.S., MERENICH J.A., HOLLIS JR. 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MERU; NEW DRUG DISCOVERY RESEARCH, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGY, RANBAXY LABORATORIES LIMITED, GURGAON 122001, HARYANA, PLOT 20, INDIA; EMAIL: ASHWINKUMAR.MERU@RANBAXY.COM","","ENGLISH","ATHEROSCLEROSIS","REVIEW","ISI","2-S2.0-33745602004","ATHEROSCLEROSIS","RANBAXY LABORATORIES LIMITED;RANBAXY LABORATORIES LIMITED;RANBAXY LABORATORIES LIMITED;RANBAXY LABORATORIES LIMITED","NOTREPORTED;RANBAXY LABORATORIES LIMITED;NOTREPORTED",NA,"MERU AV, 2006, ATHEROSCLEROSIS","MERU AV, 2006, ATHEROSCLEROSIS"
"ARUL G R","ARUL GNANARAJ, R. (55208119400)","APPLICATIONS OF SUGARCANE WAX AND ITS PRODUCTS A REVIEW",2012,"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMTECH RESEARCH","4","7",3,"","SCHOOL OF CHEMICAL AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, SASTRA UNIVERSITY, TIRUMALAISAMUDRAM THANJAVUR, TAMILNADU, 613 401, INDIA","SUGARCANE WAX IS A PRODUCT EXTRACTED FROM PRESS MUD, A SUGAR MILL WASTE. SUBSEQUENTLY, D-003ACIDS, POLICOSANOL AND OCTACOSANOL CAN BE DERIVED FROM THE EXTRACTED SUGAR CANE WAX. THESE COMPOUNDS EXHIBIT LIPID LOWERING EFFECT IN ANIMALS AND HUMANS. MOREOVER, THEY ARE NON-TOXIC AND NON-CARCINOGENIC. THE PRESENT ARTICLE DISCUSSES THE VARIOUS APPLICATIONS OF POLICOSANOL AND PRESENTS THE COMPILATION OF THE STUDIES CONDUCTED TO ASSESS THE HEALTH EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL.","LIPID LOWERING; OCTASANOL; POLCOSANOL; SUGARCANE WAX","ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ATORVASTATIN; BEZAFIBRATE; CHOLESTEROL; D 003; EZETIMIBE; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; MEVINOLIN; OCTACOSANOL; PLANT MEDICINAL PRODUCT; POLICOSANOL; PRAVASTATIN; SIMVASTATIN; SUGARCANE WAX OIL; THROMBOXANE B2; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; WARFARIN; ABSENCE OF SIDE EFFECTS; ANTICOAGULATION; ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; ARTERY THROMBOSIS; ARTHRITIS; ARTICLE; BLEEDING TIME; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CARCINOGENICITY; CHOLESTEROL SYNTHESIS; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; DIET SUPPLEMENTATION; DRUG DOSE INCREASE; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG TOLERABILITY; DYSLIPIDEMIA; EMBRYOTOXICITY; EXTRACTION; HUMAN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; LONG TERM CARE; LOW FAT DIET; MONOTHERAPY; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; NONHUMAN; PSORIASIS; REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY; SAPONIFICATION; SINGLE DRUG DOSE; SPINAL CORD INJURY; SUGARCANE; TERATOGENICITY; THROMBOCYTE AGGREGATION; THROMBOSIS","","","REZANKA T., SIGLER K., IDENTIFICATION OF VERY LONG CHAIN FATTY ACIDS FROM SUGAR CANE WAX BY ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE CHEMICAL IONIZATION LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROSCOPY, PHYTOCHEMISTRY, 67, PP. 916-923, (2006); PEREZ Y., MENENDEZ R., FERRER J.I., LOPEZ E., CASTANO G., FERNANDEZ J., FERREIRO R.M., FERNANDEZ L., MENDOZA S., GONZALEZ R., ME M., EFFECTS OF D-003, A MIXTURE OF HIGH-MOLECULARWEIGHT SUGAR CANE WAX ACIDS, ON LIPID PEROXIDATION MARKERS IN OLDER INDIVIDUALS: A RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED STUDY, CURR. THER. RES., 69, PP. 36-48, (2008); LEDON N., CASACO A., REMIREZ D., GONZALEZ A., CRUZ J., GONZALEZ R., CAPOTE A., TOLON Z., ROJAS E., RODRIGUEZ V.J., MERINO N., RODRIGUEZ S., ANCHETA O., CANO M.C., EFFECTS OF A MIXTURE OF FATTY ACIDS FROM SUGAR CANE (SACCHARUM OFFICINARUM L) WAX OIL IN TWO MODELS OF INFLAMMATION: ZYMOSAN-INDUCED ARTHRITIS AND MICE TAIL TEST OF PSORIASIS, PHYTOMEDICINE, 14, PP. 690-695, (2007); PHUKAN A.C., BORUAH R.K., EXTRACTION AND EVALUATION OF MICROCRYSTALLINE WAX FROM PRESS MUD WASTE OF THE SUGAR INDUSTRY, SEP. PURIF. TECHNOL., 17, PP. 189-194, (1999); SMITH R.M., SMITH M.M., HYDROCARBONS IN LEAF WAXES OF SACCHARUM AND RELATED GENERA, PHYTOCHEMISTRY, 17, PP. 1293-1296, (1978); GAMEZ R., NOA M., MAS R., MENDOZA N., PARDO B., MENENDEZ R., PEREZ Y., GONZALEZ R.M., GUTIERREZ A., MARRERO G., GOICOCHEA E., GARCIA H., CURVECO D., LONG-TERM CARCINOGENICITY OF D-003, A MIXTURE OF HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT ACIDS FROM SUGARCANE WAX, IN SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS: A 24 MONTHS STUDY, FOOD CHEM. TOXICOL., 45, PP. 2352-2358, (2007); NOA M., GAMEZ R., MAS R., GUTIERREZ A., MENDOZA N., PARDO B., MARRERO G., CURVECO D., GOICOCHEA E., GARCIA H., PEREZ Y., GONZALEZ R.M., STUDY OF THE LONG-TERM CARCINOGENICITY POTENTIAL OF D-003, A MIXTURE OF HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT SUGARCANE WAX ACIDS, IN MICE, FOOD CHEM. TOXICOL., 47, PP. 687-692, (2009); RODRIGUEZ M.D., GAMEZ R., GONZALEZ J.E., GARCIA H., ACOSTA C.P., GOICOCHEA E., LACK OF DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY OF D-003: A MIXTURE OF LONG-CHAIN FATTY ACIDS IN RATS, FOOD CHEM. TOXICOL., 41, PP. 89-93, (2003); RODRIGUEZ M.D., GONZALEZ J.E., ALEMAN C., RODEIRO I., ARANGO E., GAMEZ R., VALDES S., GARCIA H., GOICOCHEA E., ACOSTA C.P., EVALUATION OF THE REPRODUCTIVE AND DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY OF THE D-003, A MIXTURE OF LONG-CHAIN FATTY ACIDS, IN RATS AND RABBITS, FOOD CHEM. TOXICOL., 42, PP. 1977-1985, (2004); CARBAJAL D., ARRUZAZABALA M.L., NOA M., MOLINA V., MAS R., ARANGO E., VALDES S., GONZALEZ J.E., PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF D-003 ON EXPERIMENTAL SPINAL CORD ISCHEMIA IN RABBITS, PROSTAGLANDINS, LEUKOTRIENES ESSENT. FATTY ACIDS, 70, PP. 1-6, (2004); CUBEDDU L.X., CUBEDDU R.J., HEIMOWITZ T., RESTREPO B., LAMAS G.A., WEINBERG G.B., COMPARATIVE LIPID-LOWERING EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL AND ATORVASTATIN: A RANDOMIZED, PARALLEL, DOUBLEBLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL, AM. HEART. 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DIS., 21, PP. 424-429, (2011); AND ITS COSMETIC APPLICATION FOR SKIN HAIR AND NAILS.; OU S., ZHAO J., WANG Y., TIAN Y., WANG J., PREPARATION OF OCTACOSANOL FROM FILTER MUD PRODUCED AFTER SUGARCANE JUICE CLARIFICATION, LWT-FOOD SCI. TECHNOL., 45, PP. 295-298, (2012)","R. ARUL GNANARAJ; SCHOOL OF CHEMICAL AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, SASTRA UNIVERSITY, TIRUMALAISAMUDRAM THANJAVUR, TAMILNADU, 613 401, INDIA; EMAIL: RAARUL@CHEM.SASTRA.EDU","","ENGLISH","INT. J. CHEMTECH RES.","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-84860604062","INT J CHEMTECH RES","SASTRA UNIVERSITY","NOTREPORTED;SASTRA UNIVERSITY;NOTREPORTED",NA,"ARUL GNANARAJ R, 2012, INT J CHEMTECH RES","ARUL GNANARAJ R, 2012, INT J CHEMTECH RES"
"CHERIF A;BEN M M;KAABI B;BOUKHCHINA S;PEPE C;KALLEL H","CHERIF, AICHA O. (36348325300); BEN MESSAOUDA, MHAMED (36348167800); KAABI, BELHASSEN (6505947724); BOUKHCHINA, SADOK (6507257738); PEPE, CLAUDE (7003951390); KALLEL, HABIB (22934478000)","COMPARISON OF THE CONCENTRATIONS OF LONGCHAIN ALCOHOLS POLICOSANOL IN THREE TUNISIAN PEANUT VARIETIES ARACHIS HYPOGAEA L",2010,"JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY","58","5",21,"10.1021/jf1030345","LABORATOIRE DE BIOCHIMIE, DES LIPIDES ET DES PROTÉINES, DÉPARTEMENT DE BIOLOGIE, FACULTÉ DES SCIENCES DE TUNIS, TUNIS, 2092 EL MANAR, TUNISIA;UNITÉ DE PHYSICO-CHIMIE MOLÉCULAIRE, IPEST, 2075 LA MARSA, B.P. 51, TUNISIA;LABORATOIRE D'EPIDÉMIOLOGIE ET D'ECOLOGIE PARASITAIRE, INSTITUT PASTEUR DE TUNIS, 1002 TUNIS, 13 PLACE PASTEUR, TUNISIA;LABORATOIRE DE BIOCHIMIE, DES LIPIDES ET DES PROTÉINES, DÉPARTEMENT DE BIOLOGIE, FACULTÉ DES SCIENCES DE TUNIS, TUNIS, 2092 EL MANAR, TUNISIA;LABORATOIRE DE DYNAMIQUE, INTERACTIONS ET RÉACTIVITÉ, UNIVERSITÉ DE PIERRE ET MARIE CURIE, 75005 PARIS, CASE COURRIER 49, 4 PLACE JUSSIEU, FRANCE;LABORATOIRE DE BIOCHIMIE, DES LIPIDES ET DES PROTÉINES, DÉPARTEMENT DE BIOLOGIE, FACULTÉ DES SCIENCES DE TUNIS, TUNIS, 2092 EL MANAR, TUNISIA","POLICOSANOL (PC) IS A MIXTURE OF HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT ALIPHATIC PRIMARY ALCOHOLS. LITERATURE ABOUT THE CONTENTS AND COMPOSITIONS OF PC DERIVED FROM PEANUT VARIETIES IS SCARCE. TOTAL PC COMPOSITION AND CONTENT IN WHOLE PEANUT GRAIN SAMPLES FROM THREE VARIETIES OF PEANUT (TWO CULTIVARS, ARAC AND ARAT, AND A WILD ONE, ARAA) WERE IDENTIFIED USING A GAS CHROMATOGRAPH SYSTEM COUPLED WITH A MASS SPECTROPHOTOMETER. THE RESULTS SHOW THAT, QUALITATIVELY, 21 COMPONENTS OF PEANUT ALIPHATIC ALCOHOLS WERE IDENTIFIED (C14-C30). BESIDES (C18=), THE RESULTS EXHIBITED A PREVIOUSLY UNREPORTED MIXTURE OF PC COMPOSITIONS IN THE PEANUTS: THE UNSATURATED PC (UPC), WHICH ARE (C 20=), (C21=), (C22=), AND (C24=). THE MAIN COMPONENTS OF TOTAL PC IN TUNISIAN PEANUT KERNELS ARE DOCOSANOL (C 22), (Z)-OCTADEC-9-EN-1-OL (C18=), HEXADECANOL (C 16), AND OCTADECANOL (C18). QUANTITATIVELY, THE TOTAL PC CONTENT OF THE WHOLE PEANUT SAMPLES VARIED FROM 11.18 TO 54.19 MG/100 G OF OIL AND WAS HIGHER THAN THOSE OF BEESWAX AND WHOLE SUGAR CANE, WHICH ARE SOURCES OF DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS CONTAINING POLICOSANOL. © 2010 AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY.","DEVELOPMENT; GC-MS; PEANUTS; POLICOSANOL; WILD CULTIVARS","ARACHIS HYPOGAEA; FATTY ALCOHOLS; MOLECULAR STRUCTURE; MOLECULAR WEIGHT; PLANT EXTRACTS; SEEDS; TUNISIA; ARACHIS HYPOGAEA; SACCHARUM; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS; MIXTURES; SUGAR CANE; FATTY ALCOHOL; PLANT EXTRACT; POLICOSANOL; DEVELOPMENT; GC-MS; PEANUTS; POLICOSANOL; WILD CULTIVARS; CHEMICAL STRUCTURE; CHEMISTRY; CLASSIFICATION; COMPARATIVE STUDY; MOLECULAR WEIGHT; PEANUT; PLANT SEED; TUNISIA; OILSEEDS","","","SALES J.M., RESURRECCION A.V.A., PHENOLIC PROFILE, ANTIOXIDANTS, AND SENSORY ACCEPTANCE OF BIOACTIVE-ENHANCED PEANUTS USING ULTRASOUND AND UV, FOOD CHEM., 122, 3, PP. 795-803, (2010); ARRUZAZABALA M.L., CARBAJAL D., GARCIA M., FRAGA V., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL ON PLATELET AGGREGATION IN RATS, THROMB. 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SOC., 46, PP. 485-488, (1970); MARCELLETTI J.F., SYNERGISTIC INHIBITION OF HERPESVIRUS REPLICATION BY DOCOSANOL AND ANTIVIRAL NUCLEOSIDE ANALOGS, ANTIVIRAL RES., 56, PP. 153-166, (2002); MENENDEZ R., MARRERO D., MAS R., FERNANDEZ I., GONZALEZ L., GONZALEZ R.M., IN VITRO AND IN VIVO STUDY OF OCTACOSANOL METABOLISM, ARCH. MED. RES., 36, PP. 113-119, (2005)","A. O. CHERIF; LABORATOIRE DE BIOCHIMIE, DES LIPIDES ET DES PROTÉINES, DÉPARTEMENT DE BIOLOGIE, FACULTÉ DES SCIENCES DE TUNIS, TUNIS, 2092 EL MANAR, TUNISIA; EMAIL: AICHA.ECHERIF@GMAIL.COM","AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY","ENGLISH","J. AGRIC. FOOD CHEM.","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-78649644737","J AGRIC FOOD CHEM","FACULTÉ DES SCIENCES DE TUNIS;INSTITUT PASTEUR DE TUNIS;FACULTÉ DES SCIENCES DE TUNIS;UNIVERSITÉ DE PIERRE ET MARIE CURIE;FACULTÉ DES SCIENCES DE TUNIS","NOTREPORTED;FACULTÉ DES SCIENCES DE TUNIS;NOTREPORTED",NA,"CHERIF AO, 2010, J AGRIC FOOD CHEM","CHERIF AO, 2010, J AGRIC FOOD CHEM"
"GIUFFRÈ A;CAPOCASALE M;ZAPPIA C","GIUFFRÈ, ANGELO M. (9279506500); CAPOCASALE, MARCO (56664492000); ZAPPIA, CLOTILDE (56698351500)","TOMATO SEED OIL FOR EDIBLE USE COLD BREAK HOT BREAK AND HARVEST YEAR EFFECTS",2017,"JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION","41","",43,"10.1111/jfpp.13309","DIPARTIMENTO DI AGRARIA, UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI MEDITERRANEA DI REGGIO CALABRIA, REGGIO CALABRIA, ITALY;DIPARTIMENTO DI AGRARIA, UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI MEDITERRANEA DI REGGIO CALABRIA, REGGIO CALABRIA, ITALY;DIPARTIMENTO DI AGRARIA, UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI MEDITERRANEA DI REGGIO CALABRIA, REGGIO CALABRIA, ITALY","IN THE TOMATO JUICE AND SAUCE INDUSTRIES, TOMATOES ARE SUBMITTED TO A HOT BREAK OR A COLD BREAK THERMAL TREATMENT. TOMATO SEED IS CONSIDERED WASTE BUT COULD BECOME AN IMPORTANT SOURCE OF EDIBLE OIL. A 3-YEAR STUDY WAS CONDUCTED. THE STUDIED PROPERTIES WERE FREE ACIDITY (MAX 1.26%), PEROXIDE VALUE (MAX 6.14 MEQ O2/KG OIL), P-ANISIDINE VALUE (0.40–13.45), TOTOX (3.85–24.68), SAPONIFICATION VALUE (187.84–198.90), TOTAL PHENOLS (212–532 MG/KG), AND REFRACTIVE INDEX (1.4707–1.4723). DPPH· WAS ALWAYS HIGHER THAN 70%. ESSENTIAL FATTY ACIDS WERE HIGHER THAN 56% OF THE TOTAL FATTY ACID METHYL ESTER COMPOSITION CONTENT. TOTAL STEROLS RANGED FROM 1,546 TO 2,077 MG/KG. POLICOSANOL WERE HIGHER ON 2014 HARVEST YEAR. THE LOW FREE ACIDITY, PEROXIDE VALUE, SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS, THE HIGH PHENOL CONTENT, AND RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITY VALUES SUGGEST THAT TOMATO SEED OIL IS POTENTIALLY EDIBLE. HOT BREAK AND COLD BREAK TREATMENTS DID NOT SIGNIFICANTLY INFLUENCE THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND THE COLD BREAK IS RECOMMENDED BECAUSE CHEAPER. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: THIS STUDY GIVES INFORMATION ABOUT THE EFFECT ON THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THE TOMATO SEED OIL AS A FOOD AFTER COLD BREAK AND HOT BREAK TREATMENTS. IN ADDITION, IT IS EVIDENCED HOW THE HARVEST YEAR INFLUENCES THESE PARAMETERS. © 2017 WILEY PERIODICALS, INC.","","FATTY ACIDS; FRUITS; HARVESTING; OXIDATION; PEROXIDES; PHENOLS; REFRACTIVE INDEX; COMPOSITION CONTENT; ESSENTIAL FATTY ACIDS; FATTY ACID METHYL ESTER; PEROXIDE VALUE; PHENOL CONTENT; PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTY; RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITY; TOTAL PHENOLS; OILS AND FATS","","","AHMADI KAMAZANI N., TAVAKOLIPOUR H., HASANI M., AMIRI M., EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS OF THE ULTRASOUND-ASSISTED EXTRACTED TOMATO SEED OIL, JOURNAL OF FOOD BIOSCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY, 4, PP. 57-66, (2014); ALBANESE D., ADILETTA G., D'ACUNTO M., CINQUANTA L., DI MATTEO M., TOMATO PEEL DRYING AND CAROTENOIDS STABILITY OF THE EXTRACTS, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE, 49, PP. 2458-2463, (2014); ALONSO A., GARCIA-ALIAGA R., GARCIA-MARTINEZ S., RUIZ J.J., CARBONELL-BARRACHINA A.A., CHARACTERIZATION OF SPANISH TOMATOES USING AROMA COMPOSITION AND DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS, FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, 15, PP. 47-55, (2009); ALONSO A., VAZQUEZ-ARAUJO L., GARCIA-MARTINEZ S., RUIZ J.J., CARBONELL-BARRACHINA A.A., VOLATILE COMPOUNDS OF TRADITIONAL AND VIRUS-RESISTANT BREEDING LINES OF MUCHAMIEL TOMATOES, EUROPEAN FOOD RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY, 230, PP. 315-323, (2009); ANASTASI U., SANTONOCETO C., GIUFFRE A.M., SORTINO O., GRESTA F., ABBATE V., YIELD PERFORMANCE AND GRAIN LIPID COMPOSITION OF STANDARD AND OLEIC SUNFLOWER AS AFFECTED BY WATER SUPPLY, FIELD CROPS RESEARCH, 119, PP. 145-153, (2010); ANDERSSON S.W., SKINNER J., ELLEGARD L., WELCH A.A., BINGHAM S., MULLIGAN A., KHAW K.T., INTAKE OF DIETARY PLANT STEROLS IS INVERSELY RELATED TO SERUM CHOLESTEROL CONCENTRATION IN MEN AND WOMEN IN THE EPIC NORFOLK POPULATION: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY, EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION, 58, PP. 1378-1385, (2004); ANDRIAMANANTENA R.W., ARTAUD J., GAYDOU E.M., IATRIDES M.C., CHEVALIER J.L., FATTY ACID AND STEROL COMPOSITION OF MALAGASY TAMARIND KERNEL OILS, JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS' SOCIETY, 60, PP. 1318-1321, (1983); ANWAR F., NASEER R., BHANGER M.I., ASHRAF S., TALPU F.N., ADEKUNLE, ALADEDUNYE F., PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CITRUS SEEDS AND SEED OILS FROM PAKISTAN, JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS' SOCIETY, 85, PP. 321-330, (2008); SAPONIFICATION NUMBER OF OILS AND FATS., OFFICIAL METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF THE ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS, (17TH ED.), (2000); OFFICIAL METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF THE ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS, (17TH ED.), (2000); BOTINESTEAN C., HADARUGA N.G., HADARUGA D.I., JIANU I., FATTY ACIDS COMPOSITION BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY (GC-MS) AND MOST IMPORTANT PHYSICAL-CHEMICALS PARAMETERS OF TOMATO SEED OIL, JOURNAL OF AGROALIMENTARY PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES, 18, PP. 89-94, (2012); BOTINESTEAN C., GRUIA A.T., JIANU I., UTILIZATION OF SEEDS FROM TOMATO PROCESSING WASTES AS RAW MATERIAL FOR OIL PRODUCTION, JOURNAL OF MATERIAL CYCLES AND WASTE MANAGEMENT, 17, PP. 118-124, (2015); CAMARA M., DEL VALLE M., TORIJA M.E., CASTILHO C., FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF TOMATO POMACE, ACTA HORTICULTURAE, 542, PP. 175-181, (2001); CANTARELLI P.R., REGITANO-D'ARCE M.A.B., PALMA E.R., PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF TOMATO SEED OILS FROM PROCESSING WASTES, (PIRACICABA), 50, PP. 117-120, (1993); CARAMIA G., GORI A., VALLI E., CERRETANI L., VIRGIN OLIVE OIL IN PREVENTIVE MEDICINE: FROM LEGEND TO EPIGENETICS, EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF LIPID SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 114, PP. 375-388, (2012); CASAL S., MALHEIRO R., SENDAS A., OLIVEIRA B.P.P., PEREIRA J.A., OLIVE OIL STABILITY UNDER DEEP-FRYING CONDITIONS, FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY, 48, PP. 2972-2979, (2010); CECI L.N., CARELLI A.A., CHARACTERIZATION OF MONOVARIETAL ARGENTINIAN OLIVE OILS FROM NEW PRODUCTIVE ZONES, JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS' SOCIETY, 84, PP. 1125-1136, (2007); CERRETANI L., BENDINI A., RODRIGUEZ-ESTRADA M.T., CITTADINI E., CHIAVARO E., MICROWAVE HEATING OF DIFFERENT COMMERCIAL CATEGORIES OF OLIVE OIL: PART I. 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NORME ITALIANE PER IL CONTROLLO DEI GRASSI E DERIVATI, (1976); DECEMBER 16)., COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING REGULATION EU, (1348/2013), (2013); REDONDO-CUENCA A., VILLANUEVA-SUAREZ M.J., RODRIGUEZ-SEVILLA M.D., MATEOS-APARICIO I., CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND DIETARY FIBRE OF YELLOW AND GREEN COMMERCIAL SOYBEANS (GLYCINE MAX), FOOD CHEMISTRY, 101, PP. 1216-1222, (2006); RAMADAN M.F., KROH L.W., MORSEL J.T., RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITY OF BLACK CUMIN (NIGELLA SATIVA L.), CORIANDER (CORIANDRUM SATIVUM L.) AND NIGER (GUIZOTIA ABYSSINICA CASS.) CRUDE SEED OILS AND OIL FRACTIONS, JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY, 51, PP. 6961-6969, (2003); RONDANINI D.P., CASTRO D.N., SEARLES P.S., ROUSSEAUX M.C., FATTY ACID PROFILES OF VARIETAL VIRGIN OLIVE OILS (OLEA EUROPAEA L.) FROM MATURE ORCHARDS IN WARM ARID VALLEYS OF NORTHWESTERN ARGENTINA (LA RIOJA), GRASAS ACEITES, 62, PP. 399-409, (2011); SINGLETON V.L., ORTHOFER R., LAMUELA-RAVENTOS R.M., ANALYSIS OF TOTAL PHENOLS AND OTHER OXIDATION SUBSTRATES AND ANTIOXIDANTS BY MEANS OF FOLIN-CIOCALTEU REAGENT, METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY, 299, PP. 152-178, (1999); SPAGNA G., TODARO A., PELUSO O., CATALANO A.E., BARBAGALLO R.N., EFFETTI DELL'ESSICCAMENTO SULL'ATTIVITÀ POLIFENOLOSSIDASICA E PATTERN ANTIOSSIDANTE DI POMODORO CILIEGINO, INDUSTRIE ALIMENTARI-ITALY, 59, PP. 25-29, (2010); TAKASOVA J., DRDAK M., MINAROVICOVA I., CHARACTERISTICS OF LIPIDS IN TOMATO SEEDS, MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH, 39, PP. 244-245, (1995); TAYLOR J.C., RAPPORT L., LOCKWOOD G., OCTACOSANOL IN HUMAN HEALTH, NUTRITION, 191, PP. 192-195, (2003); ZUORRO A., LAVECCHIA R., MEDICI F., PIGA L., ENZYME-ASSISTED PRODUCTION OF TOMATO SEED OIL ENRICHED WITH LYCOPENE FROM TOMATO POMACE, FOOD AND BIOPROCESS TECHNOLOGY, 6, PP. 3499-3509, (2013); WASSNER D., LARRAN A., RONDANINI D., EVALUATION OF JATROPHA MACROCARPA AS AN OIL CROP FOR BIODIESEL PRODUCTION IN ARID LANDS OF THE DRY CHACO, ARGENTINA, JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS, 77, PP. 153-156, (2012)","A.M. GIUFFRÈ; DIPARTIMENTO DI AGRARIA, UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI MEDITERRANEA DI REGGIO CALABRIA, REGGIO CALABRIA, ITALY; EMAIL: AMGIUFFRE@UNIRC.IT","BLACKWELL PUBLISHING LTD","ENGLISH","J. FOOD PROCESS. PRESERV.","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-85017147750","J FOOD PROCESS PRESERV","UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI MEDITERRANEA DI REGGIO CALABRIA;UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI MEDITERRANEA DI REGGIO CALABRIA;UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI MEDITERRANEA DI REGGIO CALABRIA","NOTREPORTED;UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI MEDITERRANEA DI REGGIO CALABRIA;NOTREPORTED",NA,"GIUFFRÈ AM, 2017, J FOOD PROCESS PRESERV","GIUFFRÈ AM, 2017, J FOOD PROCESS PRESERV"
"WANG L;WELLER C;SCHLEGEL V;CARR T;CUPPETT S","WANG, LIJUN (37105248800); WELLER, CURTIS L. (7102722517); SCHLEGEL, VICKI L. (7003881781); CARR, TIMOTHY P. (7103305648); CUPPETT, SUSAN L. (7003349552)","SUPERCRITICAL CO2 EXTRACTION OF LIPIDS FROM GRAIN SORGHUM DRIED DISTILLERS GRAINS WITH SOLUBLES",2008,"BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY","99","9",59,"10.1016/j.biortech.2007.01.055","DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA, LINCOLN, NE 68583-0726, UNITED STATES;DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA, LINCOLN, NE 68583-0726, UNITED STATES;DEPARTMENT OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA, LINCOLN, NE 68583-0919, UNITED STATES;DEPARTMENT OF NUTRITION AND HEALTH SCIENCE, UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA, LINCOLN, NE 68583-0806, UNITED STATES;DEPARTMENT OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA, LINCOLN, NE 68583-0919, UNITED STATES","EXPERIMENTS WERE CARRIED OUT ON A LAB SUPERCRITICAL CO2 EXTRACTION SYSTEM TO DETERMINE THE EFFECTS OF EXTRACTION CONDITIONS, INCLUDING MASS RATIO OF CO2 CONSUMED TO DISTILLERS DRY GRAIN WITH SOLUBLES (DDGS) EXTRACTED, EXTRACTION PRESSURE, EXTRACTION TEMPERATURE AND TIME, ON YIELD AND COMPOSITION OF EXTRACTED LIPIDS. A MAXIMUM LIPID YIELD OF 150 G/KG DDGS WAS ACHIEVED WITH A MASS RATIO ∼45, AN EXTRACTION PRESSURE AT 27.5 MPA, AN EXTRACTION TEMPERATURE AT 70 °C AND AN EXTRACTION TIME OF 4 H. UNDER THESE EXTRACTION CONDITIONS, THE CONTENTS OF TOCOLS, PHYTOSTEROLS, POLICOSANOLS AND FREE FATTY ACIDS WERE 0.44, 15.6, 31.2 AND 155.3 MG/G IN THE EXTRACT. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS INDICATED THAT SHORTER EXTRACTION TIME AND HIGHER FLOW RATE OF CO2 CAN ACHIEVE HIGHER CONTENTS OF TOCOLS, PHYTOSTEROLS AND POLICOSANOLS BUT LOWER CONTENT OF FREE FATTY ACIDS IN THE LIPID EXTRACT. EXTRACTION CONDITIONS HAD NO OBSERVED EFFECTS ON THE COMPOSITION OF FREE FATTY ACIDS IN THE EXTRACT. PALMITIC, OLEIC AND LINOLEIC ACIDS WERE THREE MAIN FREE FATTY ACIDS EXTRACTED AND CONSTITUTED ABOUT 94% OF ALL FREE FATTY ACIDS. © 2007 ELSEVIER LTD. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.","DDGS; NUTRACEUTICALS; PHYTOSTEROLS; POLICOSANOLS; SUPERCRITICAL CO<SUB>2</SUB> EXTRACTION","CARBON DIOXIDE; CEREALS; CHROMATOGRAPHY, THIN LAYER; LIPIDS; SORGHUM; TEMPERATURE; CARBON DIOXIDE; EXTRACTION; LIPIDS; PRESSURE EFFECTS; SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION; SORGHUM BICOLOR BICOLOR; CARBON DIOXIDE; EXTRACTION; PRESSURE EFFECTS; SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION; CARBON DIOXIDE; FATTY ACID; LINOLEIC ACID; LIPID; OLEIC ACID; PALMITIC ACID; PHYTOSTEROL; POLICOSANOL; TOCOL; CARBON DIOXIDE; EXPERIMENTAL STUDY; FOOD SUPPLEMENTATION; LABORATORY METHOD; LIPID; SORGHUM; STEROL; TEMPERATURE PROFILE; ARTICLE; EXTRACTION; GRAIN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SORGHUM; TEMPERATURE; TIME; CEREAL; CHEMISTRY; THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY; DDGS; NUTRACEUTICALS; PHYTOSTEROLS; POLICOSANOLS; LIPIDS","USDA-CSREES-NATIONAL, (2004-35503-14824); UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH DIVISION; U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, USDA","A CONTRIBUTION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH DIVISION, SUPPORTED IN PART BY FUNDS PROVIDED THROUGH THE HATCH ACT, USDA. ADDITIONAL SUPPORT WAS PROVIDED BY THE USDA-CSREES-NATIONAL RESEARCH INITIATIVE COMPETITIVE GRANTS PROGRAM (GRANT NO.: 2004-35503-14824). MENTION OF A TRADE NAME, PROPRIETARY PRODUCTS, OR COMPANY NAME IS FOR PRESENTATION CLARITY AND DOES NOT IMPLY ENDORSEMENT BY THE AUTHORS OR THE UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA. THE AUTHORS THANK TAMMY GRIES AND RICHARD ZBASNIK FOR THEIR EXCELLENT TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.","BERNARDO-GIL M.G., GRENHA J., SANTOS J., CARDOSO P., SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF OIL FROM HAZELNUT, EUR. J. LIPID SCI. TECHNOL., 104, PP. 402-409, (2002); BRUNI R., GUERRINI A., SCALIA S., ROMAGNOLI C., SACCHETTI G., RAPID TECHNIQUES FOR THE EXTRACTION OF VITAMIN E ISOMERS FROM AMARANTHUS CAUDATUS SEEDS: ULTRASONIC AND SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION, PHYTOCHEM. ANAL., 13, PP. 257-261, (2002); CARR T.P., WELLER C.L., SCHLEGEL V.L., CUPPETT S.L., GUDERIAN JR. D.M., JOHNSON K.R., GRAIN SORGHUM LIPID EXTRACT REDUCES CHOLESTEROL ABSORPTION AND PLASMA NON-HDL CHOLESTEROL CONCENTRATION IN HAMSTERS, J. NUTR., 135, PP. 2236-2240, (2005); CHOI Y.H., KIM J., NOH M.J., CHOI E.S., YOO K.P., COMPARISON OF SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE EXTRACTION WITH SOLVENT OF NONACOSAN-10-OL, Α-AMYRIN ACETATE, SQUALENE AND STIGMASTEROL FROM MEDICINAL PLANTS, PHYTOCHEM. ANAL., 8, PP. 233-237, (1997); COELHO J.A.P., PEREIRA A.P., MENDES R.L., PALAVRA A.M.F., SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE EXTRACTION OF FOENICULUM VULGARE VOLATILE OIL, FLAVOR FRAGRANCE J., 18, PP. 316-319, (2003); DEAN J.R., LIU B., SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION OF CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES: INVESTIGATION OF EXTRACTION KINETICS, PHYTOCHEM. ANAL., 11, PP. 1-6, (2000); ELLINGTON E., BASTIDA J., VILADOMAT F., CODINA C., SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE EXTRACTION OF COLCHICINES AND RELATED ALKALOIDS FROM SEEDS OF COLCHICUM AUTUMNALE L, PHYTOCHEM. ANAL., 14, PP. 164-169, (2003); FRONING G.W., FIEMAN F., WEHLING R.L., CUPPETT S.L., NIEMANN L., SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE EXTRACTION OF LIPIDS AND CHOLESTEROL FROM DEHYDRATED CHICKEN MEAT, POULTRY SCI., 73, 4, PP. 571-575, (1994); GIANNUZZO A.N., BOGGETTI H.J., NAZARENO M.A., MISHIMA H.T., SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION OF NARINGIN FROM THE PEEL OF CITRUS PARADISE, PHYTOCHEM. ANAL., 14, PP. 221-223, (2003); HAMBURGER M., BAUMANN D., ADLER S., SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE EXTRACTION OF SELECTED MEDICINAL PLANTS - EFFECTS OF HIGH PRESSURE AND ADDED ETHANOL ON YIELD OF EXTRACTED SUBSTANCES, PHYTOCHEM. ANAL., 15, PP. 46-54, (2004); HWANG K.T., CUPPETT S.L., WELLER C.L., HANNA M.A., PROPERTIES, COMPOSITION, AND ANALYSIS OF GRAIN SORGHUM WAX, J. AM. OIL CHEM. SOC., 79, PP. 521-527, (2002); HWANG K.T., CUPPETT S.L., WELLER C.L., HANNA M.A., HPLC OF GRAIN SORGHUM WAX CLASSES HIGHLIGHTING SEPARATION OF ALDEHYDES FROM WAX ESTERS AND STERYL ESTERS, J. SEP. SCI., 25, PP. 619-623, (2002); HWANG K.T., CUPPETT S.L., WELLER C.L., HANNA M.A., SHOEMAKER R.K., ALDEHYDES IN GRAIN SORGHUM WAX, J. AM. OIL CHEM. SOC., 79, PP. 529-533, (2002); LANG Q., WAI C.M., SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION IN HERBAL AND NATURAL PRODUCT STUDIES - A PRACTICAL REVIEW, TALANTA, 53, PP. 771-782, (2001); MARONGIU B., PORCEDDA S., CAREDDA A., DE GIOANNIS B., VARGIU L., LA COLLA P., EXTRACTION OF JUNIPERUS OXYCEDRUS SSP. OXYCEDRUS ESSENTIAL OIL BY SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE: INFLUENCE OF SOME PROCESS PARAMETERS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY, FLAVOR FRAGRANCE J., 18, PP. 390-397, (2003); MAS R., POLICOSANOL-HYPOLIPIDEMIC ANTIOXIDANT TREATMENT OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS, DRUG FUTURE, 25, PP. 569-586, (2000); MEIRELES A., ANGELA M., SUPERCRITICAL EXTRACTION FROM SOLID: PROCESS DESIGN DATA (2001-2003), CURR. OPIN. SOLID STATE MATER. SCI., 7, PP. 321-330, (2003); ROY B.C., GOTO M., KODAMA A., HIROSE T., SUPERCRITICAL CO<SUB>2</SUB> EXTRACTION OF ESSENTIAL OILS AND CUTICULAR WAXES FROM PEPPERMINT LEAVES, J. CHEM. TECH. BIOTECHNOL., 67, PP. 21-26, (1996); SASS-KISS A., SIMANDI B., GAO Y., BOROSS F., VAMOS-FALUSI Z., STUDY ON THE PILOT-SCALE EXTRACTION OF ONION OLEORESIN USING SUPERCRITICAL CO<SUB>2</SUB>, J. SCI. FOOD AGRIC., 76, PP. 320-326, (1998); SINGH V., MOREAU R.A., HICKS K.B., YIELD AND PHYTOSTEROL COMPOSITION OF OIL EXTRACTED FROM GRAIN SORGHUM AND ITS WET-MILLED FRACTIONS, CEREAL CHEM., 80, PP. 126-129, (2003); WANG L.J., WELLER C.L., RECENT ADVANCES IN EXTRACTION OF NATURAL PRODUCTS FROM PLANTS, TRENDS FOOD SCI. TECHNOL., 17, PP. 300-312, (2006); WANG L.J., WELLER C.L., HWANG K.T., EXTRACTION OF LIPIDS FROM GRAIN SORGHUM DDG, TRANS. ASAE., 48, PP. 1883-1888, (2005)","C.L. WELLER; DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS ENGINEERING, UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA, LINCOLN, NE 68583-0726, UNITED STATES; EMAIL: CWELLER1@UNL.EDU","","ENGLISH","BIORESOUR. TECHNOL.","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-37049003943","BIORESOUR TECHNOL","UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA;UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA;UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA;UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA;UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA","NOTREPORTED;UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA;NOTREPORTED",NA,"WANG L, 2008, BIORESOUR TECHNOL","WANG L, 2008, BIORESOUR TECHNOL"
"KIM J;LEE J;JEONG D;JANG D;SEO T;LIM S","KIM, JONG-YEA (35211003900); LEE, JU HUN (58807077500); JEONG, DU-YUN (57225713930); JANG, DONG-KYUN (56478161400); SEO, TAE-RANG (37084041900); LIM, SEUNG-TAIK (7404081168)","PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF AQUEOUS DISPERSIONS OF DEXTRIN AND POLICOSANOL COMPOSITES",2015,"CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS","121","6",11,"10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.12.050","DEPARTMENT OF FOOD SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, KANGWON NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, CHUNCHEON, 200-701, SOUTH KOREA;SCHOOL OF LIFE SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, KOREA UNIVERSITY, 5-1, ANAM-DONG, SUNGBUK-KU, SEOUL, 136-701, SOUTH KOREA;SCHOOL OF LIFE SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, KOREA UNIVERSITY, 5-1, ANAM-DONG, SUNGBUK-KU, SEOUL, 136-701, SOUTH KOREA;SAMYANG GENEX CO. RANDD CENTER, DAEJEON, 305-707, SOUTH KOREA;SCHOOL OF LIFE SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, KOREA UNIVERSITY, 5-1, ANAM-DONG, SUNGBUK-KU, SEOUL, 136-701, SOUTH KOREA;SCHOOL OF LIFE SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, KOREA UNIVERSITY, 5-1, ANAM-DONG, SUNGBUK-KU, SEOUL, 136-701, SOUTH KOREA","POLICOSANOL (50-100 MG) WAS DISPERSED IN AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION (0.5-2.0% SOLIDS, W/V, 50 ML) OF AN AMYLOMAIZE STARCH DEXTRIN AT 90 °C UNDER DIFFERENT CONDITIONS. THE DISPERSION OF THE MIXTURE WAS OPAQUE BUT REMAINED HOMOGENOUS FOR UP TO 7 DAYS AT AN AMBIENT TEMPERATURE. THE PRECIPITATES OBTAINED BY CENTRIFUGING THE DISPERSION (5000 × G, 30 MIN) CONTAINED CRYSTALLINE V-AMYLOSE COMPLEX OF POLICOSANOL. THE SUPERNATANT ALSO CONTAINED POLICOSANOL BUT NOT IN THE COMPLEX FORM. STEPWISE ADDITION OF POLICOSANOL AND LONGER TIME COMPLEX FORMATION INCREASED THE DISPERSIBLE POLICOSANOL: ABOUT 95% BY 30 MIN INTERVAL, 1.0% DEXTRIN SOLUTION AND 12 H COMPLEX FORMATION TIME. AMONG THE DISPERSIBLE POLICOSANOL (95%), 70% POLICOSANOL RESIDED IN THE PRECIPITATES AND 25% WAS IN THE SUPERNATANT, INDICATING THE DEXTRIN BEHAVED AS A STABILIZER FOR THE DISPERSED POLICOSANOL AS WELL AS A COMPLEX FORMING AGENT WITH POLICOSANOL. THE POLICOSANOL DISPERSION WAS SONICATED UP TO 30 S TO EVALUATE PHYSICAL STABILITY. AROUND 70% POLICOSANOL IN THE DISPERSION REMAINED STABLE AGAINST THE SONICATION TREATMENT. © 2015 ELSEVIER LTD.","AQUEOUS DISPERSION; DEXTRIN; INCLUSION COMPLEX; POLICOSANOL; V-AMYLOSE","DEXTRINS; FATTY ALCOHOLS; SONICATION; STARCH; TEMPERATURE; TIME FACTORS; WATER; CYCLODEXTRINS; CALOREEN; DEXTRIN; FATTY ALCOHOL; POLICOSANOL; STARCH; WATER; AQUEOUS DISPERSIONS; DEXTRIN; INCLUSION COMPLEX; POLICOSANOL; V-AMYLOSE; CHEMISTRY; TEMPERATURE; TIME; ULTRASOUND; DISPERSIONS","KOREA INSTITUTE OF PLANNING AND EVALUATION FOR TECHNOLOGY IN FOOD, AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES, IPET; MINISTRY FOR FOOD, AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES, MIFAFF","THIS STUDY WAS FINANCIALLY SUPPORTED BY THE IPET (KOREA INSTITUTE OF PLANNING AND EVALUATION FOR TECHNOLOGY IN FOOD, AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES) , MINISTRY FOR FOOD, AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES, REPUBLIC OF KOREA .","ARRUZAZABALA M.L., CARBAJAL D., MAS R., GARCIA M., FRAGA V., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL ON PLATELET AGGREGATION IN RATS, THROMBOSIS RESEARCH, 69, 3, PP. 321-327, (1993); BERTHOLD H.K., UNVERDORBEN S., DEGENHARDT R., BULITTA M., GOUNI-BERTHOLD I., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON LIPID LEVELS AMONG PATIENTS WITH HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA OR COMBINED HYPERLIPIDEMIA: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL, JAMA, 295, 19, PP. 2262-2269, (2006); CARBAJAL D., ARRUZAZABALA M.L., VALDES S., MAS R., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON PLATELET AGGREGATION AND SERUM LEVELS OF ARACHIDONIC ACID METABOLITES IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, PROSTAGLANDINS, LEUKOTRIENES AND ESSENTIAL FATTY ACIDS, 58, 1, PP. 61-64, (1998); CHERIF A.O., BEN MESSAOUDA M., KAABI B., BOUKHCHINA S., PEPE C., KALLEL H., COMPARISON OF THE CONCENTRATIONS OF LONG-CHAIN ALCOHOLS (POLICOSANOL) IN THREE TUNISIAN PEANUT VARIETIES (ARACHIS HYPOGAEA L.), JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY, 58, 23, PP. 12143-12148, (2010); DE VOS P., FAAS M.M., SPASOJEVIC M., SIKKEMA J., ENCAPSULATION FOR PRESERVATION OF FUNCTIONALITY AND TARGETED DELIVERY OF BIOACTIVE FOOD COMPONENTS, INTERNATIONAL DAIRY JOURNAL, 20, 4, PP. 292-302, (2010); DUBOIS M., GILLES K.A., HAMILTON J.K., REBERS P.A., SMITH F., COLORIMETRIC METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF SUGARS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES, ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, 28, 3, PP. 350-356, (1956); DUNFORD N.T., IRMAK S., JONNALA R., PRESSURISED SOLVENT EXTRACTION OF POLICOSANOL FROM WHEAT STRAW, GERM AND BRAN, FOOD CHEMISTRY, 119, 3, PP. 1246-1249, (2010); ELIASSON A.C., STARCH IN FOOD: STRUCTURE, FUNCTION AND APPLICATIONS, (2004); GELDERS G.G., VANDERSTUKKEN T.C., GOESAERT H., DELCOUR J.A., AMYLOSE-LIPID COMPLEXATION: A NEW FRACTIONATION METHOD, CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS, 56, 4, PP. 447-458, (2004); GOUNI-BERTHOLD I., BERTHOLD H.K., POLICOSANOL: CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF A NEW LIPID-LOWERING AGENT, AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL, 143, 2, PP. 356-365, (2002); HEINEMANN C., ZINSLI M., RENGGLI A., ESCHER F., CONDE-PETIT B., INFLUENCE OF AMYLOSE-FLAVOR COMPLEXATION ON BUILD-UP AND BREAKDOWN OF STARCH STRUCTURES IN AQUEOUS FOOD MODEL SYSTEMS, LWT - FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 38, 8, PP. 885-894, (2005); IRMAK S., DUNFORD N.T., MILLIGAN J., POLICOSANOL CONTENTS OF BEESWAX, SUGAR CANE AND WHEAT EXTRACTS, FOOD CHEMISTRY, 95, 2, PP. 312-318, (2006); JANE J.-L., ROBYT J.F., STRUCTURE STUDIES OF AMYLOSE-V COMPLEXES AND RETRO-GRADED AMYLOSE BY ACTION OF Α-AMYLASES, AND A NEW METHOD FOR PREPARING AMYLODEXTRINS, CARBOHYDRATE RESEARCH, 132, 1, PP. 105-118, (1984); JOUQUAND C., DUCRUET V., LE BAIL P., FORMATION OF AMYLOSE COMPLEXES WITH C<SUB>6</SUB>-AROMA COMPOUNDS IN STARCH DISPERSIONS AND ITS IMPACT ON RETENTION, FOOD CHEMISTRY, 96, 3, PP. 461-470, (2006); JOVANOVICH G., ANON M.C., AMYLOSE-LIPID COMPLEX, PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT VARIABLES, LEBENSMITTEL-WISSENSCHAFT UND-TECHNOLOGIE, 32, 2, PP. 95-101, (1999); KIM E.-A., KIM J.-Y., CHUNG H.-J., LIM S.-T., PREPARATION OF AQUEOUS DISPERSIONS OF COENZYME Q10 NANOPARTICLES WITH AMYLOMAIZE STARCH AND ITS DEXTRIN, LWT - FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 47, 2, PP. 493-499, (2012); KIM J.-Y., SEO T.-R., LIM S.-T., PREPARATION OF AQUEOUS DISPERSION OF Β-CAROTENE NANO-COMPOSITES THROUGH COMPLEX FORMATION WITH STARCH DEXTRIN, FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS, 33, 2, PP. 256-263, (2013); KIM J.-Y., YOON J.-W., LIM S.-T., FORMATION AND ISOLATION OF NANOCRYSTAL COMPLEXES BETWEEN DEXTRINS AND N-BUTANOL, CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS, 78, 3, PP. 626-632, (2009); LALUSH I., BAR H., ZAKARIA I., EICHLER S., SHIMONI E., UTILIZATION OF AMYLOSE-LIPID COMPLEXES AS MOLECULAR NANOCAPSULES FOR CONJUGATED LINOLEIC ACID, BIOMACROMOLECULES, 6, 1, PP. 121-130, (2004); LEE J.H., HAN J.-A., LIM S.-T., EFFECT OF PH ON AQUEOUS STRUCTURE OF MAIZE STARCHES ANALYZED BY HPSEC-MALLS-RI SYSTEM, FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS, 23, 7, PP. 1935-1939, (2009); LESMES U., COHEN S.H., SHENER Y., SHIMONI E., EFFECTS OF LONG CHAIN FATTY ACID UNSATURATION ON THE STRUCTURE AND CONTROLLED RELEASE PROPERTIES OF AMYLOSE COMPLEXES, FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS, 23, 3, PP. 667-675, (2009); MADHAVI D.L., KAGAN D.I., WATER DISPERSIBLE POLICOSANOL CYCLODEXTRIN COMPLEX AND METHOD OF ITS PRODUCTION, (2013); MARTINEZ L., URIBARRI E., LAGUNA A., CHARACTERIZATION AND COMPATIBILITY STUDIES BETWEEN POLICOSANOL, A NEW HYPOCHOLESTEROLEMIC DRUG, AND TABLET EXCIPIENTS USING DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY (DSC), ARCHIV DER PHARMAZIE, 332, 12, PP. 439-441, (1999); MASWAL M., DAR A.A., FORMULATION CHALLENGES IN ENCAPSULATION AND DELIVERY OF CITRAL FOR IMPROVED FOOD QUALITY, FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS, 37, 0, PP. 182-195, (2014); MENENDEZ R., FRAGA V., AMOR A.M., GONZALEZ R.M., MAS R., ORAL ADMINISTRATION OF POLICOSANOL INHIBITS IN VITRO COPPER ION-INDUCED RAT LIPOPROTEIN PEROXIDATION, PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR, 67, 1, PP. 1-7, (1999); MENENDEZ R., FERNANDEZ S., DEL RIO A., GONZALEZ R., FRAGA V., AMOR A., POLICOSANOL INHIBITS CHOLESTEROL BIOSYNTHESIS AND ENHANCES LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN PROCESSING IN CULTURED HUMAN FIBROBLASTS, BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH, 27, PP. 199-203, (1994); ROUSSEAU D., FAT CRYSTALS AND EMULSION STABILITY - A REVIEW, FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL, 33, 1, PP. 3-14, (2000); SOMOGYI M., NOTES ON SUGAR DETERMINATION, JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, 195, 1, PP. 19-23, (1952); TOMASIK P., SCHILLING C.H., COMPLEXES OF STARCH WITH INORGANIC GUESTS, ADVANCES IN CARBOHYDRATE CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY, 53, PP. 263-343, (1998); TOMASIK P., SCHILLING C.H., COMPLEXES OF STARCH WITH ORGANIC GUESTS, ADVANCES IN CARBOHYDRATE CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY, 53, PP. 345-426, (1998); TUFVESSON F., ELIASSON A.C., FORMATION AND CRYSTALLIZATION OF AMYLOSE-MONOGLYCERIDE COMPLEX IN A STARCH MATRIX, CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS, 43, 4, PP. 359-365, (2000); VARADY K.A., WANG Y., JONES P.J.H., ROLE OF POLICOSANOLS IN THE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, NUTRITION REVIEWS, 61, 11, PP. 376-383, (2003); WHISTLER R.L., BEMILLER J.N., INDUSTRIAL GUMS: POLYSACCHARIDES AND THEIR DERIVATIVES, (1993); WU C., WANG Z., ZHI Z., JIANG T., ZHANG J., WANG S., DEVELOPMENT OF BIODEGRADABLE POROUS STARCH FOAM FOR IMPROVING ORAL DELIVERY OF POORLY WATER SOLUBLE DRUGS, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS, 403, 1-2, PP. 162-169, (2011); WULFF G., AVGENAKI G., GUZMANN M.S.P., MOLECULAR ENCAPSULATION OF FLAVOURS AS HELICAL INCLUSION COMPLEXES OF AMYLOSE, JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE, 41, 3, PP. 239-249, (2005); YAMAMOTO K., ZHANG Z.Z., KOBAYASHI S., CYCLOAMYLOSE (CYCLODEXTRIN) GLUCANOTRANSFERASE DEGRADES INTACT GRANULES OF POTATO RAW STARCH, JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY, 48, 3, PP. 962-966, (2000)","","ELSEVIER LTD","ENGLISH","CARBOHYDR POLYM","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-84920863701","CARBOHYDR POLYM",NA,"NOTREPORTED",NA,"KIM J-Y, 2015, CARBOHYDR POLYM","KIM J-Y, 2015, CARBOHYDR POLYM"
"WEERAWATANAKORN M;TAMAKI H;ASIKIN Y;WADA K;TAKAHASHI M;HO C;PAN M","WEERAWATANAKORN, M. (55976489600); TAMAKI, H. (7103290853); ASIKIN, Y. (35092077000); WADA, K. (7401668452); TAKAHASHI, M. (56287823400); HO, C.T. (56510763200); PAN, M.H. (7202544934)","POLICOSANOL CONTENTS VOLATILE PROFILE AND TOXICITY TEST OF GRANULATED CANE SUGAR ENRICHED WITH RICE BRAN MATERIALS",2017,"INTERNATIONAL FOOD RESEARCH JOURNAL","24","9",5,"","DEPARTMENT OF AGRO-INDUSTRY, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT, NARESUAN UNIVERSITY, 99 MOO 9, MUANG, PHITSANULOK, 65000, THAILAND;DEPARTMENT OF BIOSCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, UNIVERSITY OF THE RYUKYUS, SENBARU-1, NISHIHARA-CHO, OKINAWA, 903-0213, JAPAN;DEPARTMENT OF BIOSCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, UNIVERSITY OF THE RYUKYUS, SENBARU-1, NISHIHARA-CHO, OKINAWA, 903-0213, JAPAN;DEPARTMENT OF BIOSCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, UNIVERSITY OF THE RYUKYUS, SENBARU-1, NISHIHARA-CHO, OKINAWA, 903-0213, JAPAN;DEPARTMENT OF BIOSCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, UNIVERSITY OF THE RYUKYUS, SENBARU-1, NISHIHARA-CHO, OKINAWA, 903-0213, JAPAN;DEPARTMENT OF FOOD SCIENCE, RUTGERS UNIVERSITY, 65 DUDLEY ROAD, NEW BRUNSWICK, 08901, NJ, UNITED STATES;INSTITUTE OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY, TAIPEI, 10617, TAIWAN","SUGARCANE AND RICE BRAN ARE THE MOST IMPORTANT SOURCES OF COMMERCIAL POLICOSANOL (PC) WAX WHICH EXHIBITS A CHOLESTEROL LOWERING BIOACTIVITY. BOTH DEFATTED RICE BRAN (DRB) AS AGRICULTURAL WASTE AND RICE BRAN OIL (RBO) RETAIN A VARYING BUT SIGNIFICANT AMOUNT OF PC WAX. NON-CENTRIFUGAL CANE SUGAR (NCS) HAS BEEN CONSUMED WORLDWIDE, AND POSSESSES VARIOUS HEALTH BENEFITS. IT IS MOSTLY PRODUCED IN HARDENED BLOCK FORM, WHICH IS NOT CONVENIENT FOR USE COMPARED WITH GRANULAR FORM. WE AIMED TO INCREASE PC CONTENTS OF THE GRANULAR SUGAR BY ADDING WAX EXTRACTED FROM DRB AND RBO AND TO INVESTIGATE THE TOXICITY OF THE PRODUCTS. THE RESULTS SHOWED THAT THE TOTAL PC CONTENTS INCLUDING LONG CHAIN ALDEHYDE OF PRODUCTS WERE INCREASED TO THE MAXIMUM LEVEL OF 147.97 MG/100 G. DRB IS PROMISING SOURCE OF POLICOSANOL (6,044.7 MG/100 G). THE MAIN VOLATILE COMPONENTS OF DEVELOPED SUGAR PRODUCT WAS ALDEHYDE AND ALCOHOL COMPOUNDS. THE 28 DAY TOXICITY EVALUATIONS OF THE DEVELOPED SUGAR REVEALED NO ADVERSE EFFECTS. © ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.","CANE BROWN SUGAR; ENRICHMENT; POLICOSANOLS; RICE BRAN; WAX","","","","ALEMAN C.L., MAS R., HERNANDEZ C., RODIERO I., CEREJIDO E., NOA M., CAPOTE A., MENENDEZ R., AMOR A., FRAGA V., SOTOLONGO V., JIMENEZ S., A 12-MONTH STUDY OF POLICOSANOL ORAL TOXICITY IN SPRAUGE DAWLEY RATS, TOXICOLOGY LETTERS, 70, PP. 77-87, (1994); ARRUZAZABALA M.L., VALDES S., MAS R., FERNANDEZ L., CARBAJAL D., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL SUCCESSIVE DOSE INCREASES ON PLATELET AGGREGATION IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH, 34, 5-6, PP. 181-185, (1996); ASKIN Y., CHINEN T., TAKARA K., WADA K., DETERMINATION OF LONG-CHAIN ALCOHOL AND ALDEHYDE CONTENTS IN THE NON-CENTRIFUGED CANE SUGAR KOKUTO, FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH, 14, 6, PP. 583-588, (2008); ASIKIN Y., KAMIYA A., MIZU M., TAKARA K., TAMAKI H., WADA K., CHANGES IN THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS, INCLUDING FLAVOR COMPONENTS AND MAILLARD REACTION PRODUCTS, OF NON-CENTRIFUGAL CANE BROWN SUGAR DURING STORAGE, FOOD CHEMISTRY, 149, PP. 170-177, (2014); ASIKIN Y., TAKAHASHI M., HIROSE N., HOU D.X., TAKARA K., WADA K., WAX, POLICOSANOL, AND LONGCHAIN ALDEHYDES OF DIFFERENT SUGARCANE (SACCHARUM OFFICINARUM L. ) CULTIVARS, EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF LIPID SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 114, PP. 583-591, (2012); CASTANO G., MAS R., GAMEZ R., FERNANDEZ L., ILLNAIT J., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL AND TICLOPIDINE IN PATIENTS WITH INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION: A DOUBLEBLINDED PILOT COMPARATIVE STUDY, ANGIOLOGY, 55, 4, PP. 361-371, (2004); CHEN Z.Y., JIAO R., MA K.Y., CHOLESTEROLLOWERING NUTRACEUTICALS AND FUNCTIONAL FOODS, JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY, 56, PP. 8761-8773, (2008); CRAVOTTO G., BINELLO A., MERIZZI G., AVOGADRO M., IMPROVING SOLVENT-FREE EXTRACTION OF POLICOSANOL FROM RICE BRAN BY HIGH-INTENSITY ULTRASOUND TREATMENT, EUROPEAN JOURNAL LIPID SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY, 106, PP. 147-151, (2004); FRANCINI-PESENTI F., BELTRAMOLLI D., ACQUA D.S., BROCADELLO F., EFFECT OF SUGAR CANE POLICOSANOL ON LIPID PROFILE IN PRIMARY HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH, 22, PP. 318-322, (2008); GAMEZ R., ALEMAN C.L., MAS R., NOA M., RODEIRO I., GARCIA H., HERNANDEZ C., MENENDEZ R., AGUILAR C., A 6-MONTH STUDY ON THE TOXICITY OF HIGH DOSES OF POLICOSANOL ORALLY ADMINISTERED TO SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS, JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL FOOD, 4, PP. 57-65, (2001); GOUNI-BERTHOLD I., BERTHOLD H.K., POLICOSANOL: CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF A NEW LIPID-LOWERING AGENT, AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL, 143, 2, PP. 356-365, (2002); HARRABI S., BOUKHCHINA S., MAYER P.M., KALLEL H., POLICOSANOL DISTRIBUTION AND ACCUMULATION IN DEVELOPING CORN KERNELS, FOOD CHEMISTRY, 115, PP. 918-923, (2009); IRMAK S., DUNFORD N.T., MILLIGAN J., POLICOSANOL CONTENTS OF BEESWAX, SUGAR CANE AND WHEAT EXTRACTS, FOOD CHEMISTRY, 95, PP. 312-318, (2006); ISHAKA A., IMAM M.U., MAHAMUD R., ZUKI A.B.Z., MAZNAH I., CHARACTERIZATION OF RICE BRAN WAX POLICOSANOL AND ITS NANOEMULSION FORMULATION, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE, 9, PP. 2261-2269, (2014); JAFFE W.R., HEALTH EFFECTS OF NON-CENTRIFUGAL SUGAR (NCS): A REVIEW, SUGAR TECH, 14, 2, PP. 87-94, (2012); JANIKULA M., CANDIDATE POLICOSANOL: A NEW TREATMENT FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE?, ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE REVIEW, 7, 3, PP. 203-217, (2002); KABIR Y., KIMURA S., BIODISTRIBUTION AND METABOLISM OF ORALLY ADMINISTERED OCTACOSANOL IN RATS, ANNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM, 37, 1, PP. 33-38, (1993); KAEWKOOL P., KRISNANGKURA K., TRANSESTERIFICATION/ACETYLATION OF LONG CHAIN ALCOHOLS WITH ALKYL ACETATE, CHEMISTRY OF PHYSICS LIPIDS, 163, PP. 685-688, (2010); KATO S., KARINO K., HASEGAWA S., NAGASAWA J., NAGASAKI A., EGUCHI M., ICHINOSE T., TAGO K., OKUMORI H., HAMATANI K., TAKAHASHI M., OGASAWARA J., MASUSHIGE S., OCTACOSANOL AFFECTS LIPID METABOLISM IN RATS FED ON A HIGH-FAT DIET, BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION, 73, 3, PP. 433-441, (1995); KIM S.M., CHUNG H.J., LIM S.T., EFFECT OF VARIOUS HEAT TREATMENTS ON RANCIDITY AND SOME BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS OF RICE BRAN, JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE, 60, PP. 243-248, (2014); LIANG Y., GAO Y., LIN Q., LUO F., WU W., LU Q., LIU Y., A REVIEW OF THE RESEARCH PROGRESS ON THE BIOACTIVE INGREDIENTS AND PHYSIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF RICE BRAN OIL, EUROPEAN FOOD RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY, 238, PP. 169-176, (2014); MARRISON W.B., HOLSER R., AKIN D.E., CUTICULAR WAX FROM FLAX PROCESSING WASTE WITH HEXANE AND SUPER CRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE EXTRACTIONS, INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS, 24, PP. 119-122, (2006); MENENDEZ R., MARRERO D., MAS R., FERNANDEZ I., GONZALEZ L., GONZALEZ R., IN VITRO AND IN VIVO STUDY OF OCTACOSANOL METABOLISM, ARCHIVES OF MEDICAL RESEARCH, 36, PP. 113-119, (2005); PEREZ-CAMINO M.C., MOREDA W., MATEOS R., CERT A., SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF LONG-CHAIN ALIPHATIC ALDEHYDES AND WAXES IN OLIVE OILS, JOURNAL CHROMATOGRAPHY A, 983, PP. 283-288, (2003); POPE L.E., MARCELLETTI J.F., KATZ L.R., LIN J.Y., KATZ D.H., PARISH M.L., SPEAR P.G., THE ANTIHERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS ACTIVITY OF N-DOCOSANOL INCLUDES INHIBITION OF THE VIRAL ENTRY PROCESS, ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH, 40, 1-2, PP. 85-94, (1998); REDDI P.B.V., MURTI K.S., FEUGE R.O., RICE BRAIN OIL I. OIL OBTAINED BY SOLVENT EXTRACTION, JOURNAL OF AMERICAN OIL CHEMIST'S SOCIETY, 25, 6, PP. 206-211, (1948); REINER Z., TEDESCHI-REINER E., ROMIC Z., EFFECTS OF RICE POLICOSANOL ON SERUM LIPOPROTEINS, HOMOCYSTEINE, FIBRINOGEN AND C-REACTIVE PROTEIN IN HYPERCHOLESTEROLAEMIC PATIENTS, CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE NUTRITION, 25, 11, PP. 701-707, (2005); SAYRE R.N., SAUNDERS R.M., RICE BRAN AND RICE BRAN OIL, LIPID TECHNOLOGY, 2, 3, PP. 72-76, (1990); SHARIF M.K., BUTT M.S., ANJUM F.M., KHAN S.H., RICE BRAN: A NOVEL FUNCTIONAL INGREDIENT, CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE NUTRITION, 54, PP. 807-816, (2014); THANONKAEW A., WONGYAI S., MCCLEMENTS D.J., DECKER E.A., EFFECT OF STABILIZATION OF RICE BRAN BY DOMESTIC HEATING ON MECHANICAL EXTRACTION YIELD, QUALITY, AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF COLD-PRESSED RICEBRAN OIL (ORYZA SALTIVA L), LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 48, PP. 231-236, (2012); VALI S.R., JU Y., KAIMAL T.N.B., CHERN Y., A PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF FOOD-GRADE RICE BRAN WAX AND THE DETERMINATION OF ITS COMPOSITION, JOURNAL OF AMERICAN OIL CHEMIST'S SOCIETY, 82, 1, PP. 57-64, (2005)","M. WEERAWATANAKORN; DEPARTMENT OF AGRO-INDUSTRY, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT, NARESUAN UNIVERSITY, MUANG, PHITSANULOK, 99 MOO 9, 65000, THAILAND; EMAIL: MONTHANAC@NU.AC.TH","UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIA","ENGLISH","INT. FOOD RES. J.","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-85024092613","INT FOOD RES J","NARESUAN UNIVERSITY;UNIVERSITY OF THE RYUKYUS;UNIVERSITY OF THE RYUKYUS;UNIVERSITY OF THE RYUKYUS;UNIVERSITY OF THE RYUKYUS;RUTGERS UNIVERSITY;NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY","NOTREPORTED;NARESUAN UNIVERSITY;NOTREPORTED",NA,"WEERAWATANAKORN M, 2017, INT FOOD RES J","WEERAWATANAKORN M, 2017, INT FOOD RES J"
"ISHAKA A;IMAM M;MAHAMUD R;ZUKI A;MAZNAH I","ISHAKA, AMINU (55944603100); IMAM, MUSTAPHA UMAR (57469476100); MAHAMUD, ROZI (56157797300); ZUKI, ABU BAKAR ZAKARIA (9737771600); MAZNAH, ISMAIL (57191087465)","CHARACTERIZATION OF RICE BRAN WAX POLICOSANOL AND ITS NANOEMULSION FORMULATION",2014,"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE","9","8",40,"10.2147/IJN.S56999","LABORATORY OF MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE, INSTITUTE OF BIOSCIENCE, UNIVERSITY PUTRA MALAYSIA, SERDANG, SELANGOR, MALAYSIA, DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL BIOCHEMISTRY, COLLEGE OF HEALTH SCIENCES, USMANU DANFODIYO UNIVERSITY, SOKOTO, NIGERIA;LABORATORY OF MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE, INSTITUTE OF BIOSCIENCE, UNIVERSITY PUTRA MALAYSIA, SERDANG, SELANGOR, MALAYSIA;HEALTH SCIENCES, SERDANG, SELANGOR, MALAYSIA;UNIVERSITY PUTRA MALAYSIA, SERDANG, SELANGOR, MALAYSIA;LABORATORY OF MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE, INSTITUTE OF BIOSCIENCE, UNIVERSITY PUTRA MALAYSIA, SERDANG, SELANGOR, MALAYSIA","POLICOSANOL, A MIXTURE OF LONG-CHAIN ALCOHOLS FOUND IN ANIMAL AND PLANT WAXES, HAS SEVERAL BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS; HOWEVER, IT HAS A BIOAVAILABILITY OF LESS THAN 10%. THEREFORE, THERE IS A NEED TO IMPROVE ITS BIOAVAILABILITY, AND ONE OF THE WAYS OF DOING THIS IS BY NANOEMULSION FORMULATION. DIFFERENT DROPLET SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS ARE USUALLY ACHIEVED WHEN EMULSIONS ARE FORMED, WHICH SOLELY DEPENDS ON THE PREPARATION METHOD USED. MOSTLY, EMULSIONS ARE INTENDED FOR BETTER DELIVERY WITH MAINTENANCE OF THE CHARACTERISTICS AND PROPERTIES OF THE LEADING COMPONENTS. IN THIS STUDY, POLICOSANOL WAS EXTRACTED FROM RICE BRAN WAX, ITS COMPOSITION WAS DETERMINED BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS SPECTROPHOTOMETRY, NANOEMULSION WAS MADE, AND THE PHYSICAL STABILITY CHARACTERISTICS WERE DETERMINED. THE RESULTS SHOWED THAT POLICOSANOL NANOEMULSION HAS A NANOSIZE PARTICLE DISTRIBUTION BELOW 100 NM (92.56-94.52 NM), WITH OPTIMUM CHARGE DISTRIBUTION (-55.8 TO -45.12 MV), PH (6.79-6.92) AND REFRACTIVE INDEX (1.50); THESE WERE MONITORED AND FOUND TO BE STABLE FOR 8 WEEKS. THE STABILITY OF POLICOSANOL NANOEMULSION CONFERS THE POTENTIAL TO WITHSTAND LONG STORAGE TIMES. © 2014 ISHAKA ET AL.","CHARACTERIZATION; NANOEMULSION; POLICOSANOL; RICE BRAN WAX","DRUG STABILITY; DRUG STORAGE; EMULSIONS; FATTY ALCOHOLS; MATERIALS TESTING; NANOPARTICLES; PARTICLE SIZE; PLANT EXTRACTS; PLANT OILS; WAXES; POLICOSANOL; WAX; EMULSION; FATTY ALCOHOL; NANOPARTICLE; PLANT EXTRACT; POLICOSANOL; RICE BRAN OIL; VEGETABLE OIL; WAX; ARTICLE; BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; CHEMICAL PARAMETERS; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG FORMULATION; DRUG ISOLATION; DRUG STORAGE; MASS FRAGMENTOGRAPHY; MONITORING; NANOEMULSION; NONHUMAN; PARTICLE SIZE; PH; PHYSICAL PARAMETERS; REFRACTION INDEX; RICE BRAN; SHELF LIFE; CHEMISTRY; DRUG STABILITY; EMULSION; ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION; MATERIALS TESTING; SYNTHESIS; ULTRASTRUCTURE","","","TEMPLE N.J., ANTIOXIDANTS AND DISEASE: MORE QUESTIONS THAN ANSWERS, NUTR RES, 20, 3, PP. 449-459, (2000); STEVINSON C., PITTLER M.H., ERNST E., GARLIC FOR TREATING HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA. A META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIALS, ANN INTERN MED, 133, 6, PP. 420-429, (2000); FRANK N., ANDREWS F.M., ELLIOTT S.B., LEW J., BOSTON R.C., EFFECTS OF RICE BRAN OIL ON PLASMA LIPID CONCENTRATIONS, LIPOPROTEIN COMPOSITION, AND GLUCOSE DYNAMICS IN MARES, J ANIM SCI, 83, 11, PP. 2509-2518, (2005); TAI-SUN S., GODBER J.S., ISOLATION OF FOUR TOCOPHEROLS AND FOUR TOCOTRIENOLS FROM A VARIETY OF NATURAL SOURCES BY SEMI-PREPARATIVE HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY, J CHROMATOGRAPHY A, 678, 1, PP. 49-58, (1994); AKIHISA T., YASUKAWA K., YAMAURA M., ET AL., TRITERPENE ALCOHOL AND STEROL FERULATES FROM RICE BRAN AND THEIR ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS, J AGRIC FOOD CHEM, 48, 6, PP. 2313-2319, (2000); XU Z., GODBER J.S., PURIFICATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF COMPONENTS OF GAMMA-ORYZANOL IN RICE BRAN OIL, J AGRIC FOOD CHEM, 47, 7, PP. 2724-2728, (1999); HU W., WELLS J.H., SHIN T.-S., GODBER J.S., COMPARISON OF ISOPROPANOL AND HEXANE FOR EXTRACTION OF VITAMIN, E AND ORYZANOLS FROM STABILIZED RICE BRAN. 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ISHAKA; LABORATORY OF MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE, INSTITUTE OF BIOSCIENCE, UNIVERSITY PUTRA MALAYSIA, SERDANG, SELANGOR, MALAYSIA; EMAIL: MYHOME.E@GMAIL.COM","DOVE MEDICAL PRESS LTD.","ENGLISH","INT. J. NANOMED.","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-84900443040","INT J NANOMED","UNIVERSITY PUTRA MALAYSIA;UNIVERSITY PUTRA MALAYSIA;HEALTH SCIENCES;UNIVERSITY PUTRA MALAYSIA;UNIVERSITY PUTRA MALAYSIA","NOTREPORTED;UNIVERSITY PUTRA MALAYSIA;NOTREPORTED",NA,"ISHAKA A, 2014, INT J NANOMED","ISHAKA A, 2014, INT J NANOMED"
"RAMOS-ZAMBRANO E;HERRERA-SERRANO P;GARCÍA-DÁVILA J;RÍOS-CORTÉS G;JIMÉNEZ-APARICIO A;MARTÍNEZ-AYALA A;PARASKEVA C","RAMOS-ZAMBRANO, EMILIA (57207244202); HERRERA-SERRANO, PEDRO (57207251548); GARCÍA-DÁVILA, JORGE (56298439500); RÍOS-CORTÉS, GABRIEL (57207259770); JIMÉNEZ-APARICIO, ANTONIO RUPERTO (6603471518); MARTÍNEZ-AYALA, ALMA LETICIA (55989766600); PARASKEVA, CHRISTAKIS (7005526738)","COCHINEAL WAXY RESIDUES AS SOURCE OF POLICOSANOL CHEMICAL HYDROLYSIS AND ENZYMATIC TRANSESTERIFICATION",2019,"JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY","2019","",1,"10.1155/2019/4547378","INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO NACIONAL, CENTRO DE DESARROLLO DE PRODUCTOS BIÓTICOS, CARRETERA YAUTEPEC-JOJUTLA, KM. 6, CALLE CEPROBI NO. 8, YAUTEPEC, MORELOS, 62731, MEXICO;INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO NACIONAL, CENTRO DE DESARROLLO DE PRODUCTOS BIÓTICOS, CARRETERA YAUTEPEC-JOJUTLA, KM. 6, CALLE CEPROBI NO. 8, YAUTEPEC, MORELOS, 62731, MEXICO;UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE TLAXCALA, AV. UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA NO. 1, TEPEYANCO, TLAXCALA, 90180, MEXICO;INSTITUTO TECNOLÓGICO DE ORIZABA, AVENIDA ORIENTE 9 NO. 852, COLONIA EMILIANO ZAPATA, VERACRUZ, 94320, MEXICO;INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO NACIONAL, CENTRO DE DESARROLLO DE PRODUCTOS BIÓTICOS, CARRETERA YAUTEPEC-JOJUTLA, KM. 6, CALLE CEPROBI NO. 8, YAUTEPEC, MORELOS, 62731, MEXICO;INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO NACIONAL, CENTRO DE DESARROLLO DE PRODUCTOS BIÓTICOS, CARRETERA YAUTEPEC-JOJUTLA, KM. 6, CALLE CEPROBI NO. 8, YAUTEPEC, MORELOS, 62731, MEXICO; PARASKEVA C.","THE AIM OF THIS STUDY WAS TO OBTAIN AND CHARACTERISE THE LONG-CHAIN ALCOHOLS PRESENT IN POLICOSANOL DERIVED FROM WASTE FROM THE PRODUCTION OF CARMINIC ACID, A NATURAL COLOURING AGENT WIDELY USED IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY. THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DIFFERENT METHODS DESIGNED FOR EXTRACTION OF POLICOSANOL FROM WAXY WASTE WAS INVESTIGATED AND ITS CONTENT AND COMPOSITION WAS DETERMINED. TRIACONTANOL WAS THE MAIN COMPONENT IN POLICOSANOL PRODUCED BY CHEMICAL PROCESSES, AND IT YIELDS UP TO 13% BY ALKALINE HYDROLYSIS IN WATER AND CHLOROFORM EXTRACTION. REGARDING ENZYMATIC TRANSESTERIFICATION, POLICOSANOL WAS OBTAINED USING LIPASE CANDIDA ANTARCTICA RECOMBINANT IN ASPERGILLUS NIGER (CAL-BN) IN A REACTION MEDIUM WITH TOLUENE. TO IMPROVE THE REACTION, DIFFERENT ACYL RECEPTORS, PROPANOL, BUTANOL, AND ISOPROPANOL, WERE TESTED AND MOLECULAR SIEVES WERE EMPLOYED TO MAINTAIN AN ANHYDROUS REACTION MEDIUM. IN THIS CASE, THE POLICOSANOL WAS MADE UP OF OTHER LONG-CHAIN ALCOHOLS, BUT TRIACONTANOL WAS OBTAINED IN YIELDS OF UP TO 19% USING ISOPROPANOL AS AN ACYL RECEPTOR. TRIACONTANOL HAS A GREAT COMMERCIAL VALUE DUE TO ITS EFFECT AS A PROMOTER OF PLANT GROWTH, AND THESE RESULTS CONTRIBUTE TO THE USE AND APPLICATION OF THIS AGROINDUSTRIAL WASTE IN OBTAINING VALUE-ADDED PRODUCTS. © 2019 EMILIA RAMOS-ZAMBRANO ET AL.","","","INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO NACIONAL, IPN; CONSEJO NACIONAL DE CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGÍA, CONACYT","WE ACKNOWLEDGE THE CONSEJO NACIONAL DE CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGÍA (CONACYT) AND INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO NACIONAL (IPN) FOR THE SCHOLARSHIPS DURING THE COURSE OF THIS INVESTIGATION AND THE IPN FOR FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR THE RESEARCH. MARTÍNEZ-AYALA A.L. AND ANTONIO R. 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MARTÍNEZ-AYALA; INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO NACIONAL, CENTRO DE DESARROLLO DE PRODUCTOS BIÓTICOS, YAUTEPEC, MORELOS, CARRETERA YAUTEPEC-JOJUTLA, KM. 6, CALLE CEPROBI NO. 8, 62731, MEXICO; EMAIL: ALAYALA@IPN.MX","HINDAWI LIMITED","ENGLISH","J. CHEM.","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-85062329060","J CHEM","INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO NACIONAL;INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO NACIONAL;UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE TLAXCALA;INSTITUTO TECNOLÓGICO DE ORIZABA;INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO NACIONAL;INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO NACIONAL","NOTREPORTED;INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO NACIONAL;NOTREPORTED",NA,"RAMOS-ZAMBRANO E, 2019, J CHEM","RAMOS-ZAMBRANO E, 2019, J CHEM"
"AWAD K;PENSON P;BANACH M","AWAD, KAMAL (57191608451); PENSON, PETER (6506734112); BANACH, MACIEJ (22936699500)","D003 SACCHARUM OFFICINARUM THE FORGOTTEN LIPIDLOWERING AGENT",2016,"PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH","114","4",5,"10.1016/j.phrs.2016.10.008","FACULTY OF MEDICINE, ZAGAZIG UNIVERSITY, EGYPT, STUDENT RESEARCH UNIT (SRU), ZAGAZIG UNIVERSITY, EGYPT;SCHOOL OF PHARMACY AND BIOMOLECULAR SCIENCES, LIVERPOOL JOHN MOORES UNIVERSITY, LIVERPOOL, UNITED KINGDOM;HEAD DEPARTMENT OF HYPERTENSION, WAM UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL IN LODZ, MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF LODZ, ZEROMSKIEGO 113, LODZ, 90-549, POLAND, POLISH MOTHER'S MEMORIAL HOSPITAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE, LODZ, POLAND","REDUCTION OF ELEVATED CHOLESTEROL LEVELS, PARTICULARLY LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL (LDL-C), IS ESSENTIAL IN PRIMARY AND SECONDARY PREVENTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE (CVD). THEREFORE THERE IS STILL A LARGE NEED FOR NEW EFFECTIVE DRUGS, WHICH WOULD BE ABLE TO ESSENTIALLY REDUCE LDL-C AND IN THE CONSEQUENCE CV RESIDUAL RISK. D-003 IS A MIXTURE OF HIGH ALIPHATIC PRIMARY ACIDS PURIFIED FROM SUGARCANE (SACCHARUM OFFICINARUM) WAX. IT SHOWED PROMISING HYPOCHOLESTEROLEMIC EFFECTS IN BOTH ANIMAL AND HUMAN STUDIES; IT SIGNIFICANTLY LOWERS BOTH SERUM TOTAL CHOLESTEROL (TC) AND LDL-C, AND INCREASES HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL (HDL-C). IN ADDITION, IT SHOWED A FAVORABLE SAFETY PROFILE. IN THIS REVIEW, WE EVALUATED THE PROFILE OF D-003 AS A LIPID-LOWERING AGENT BASED ON DATA FROM AVAILABLE PRECLINICAL AND CLINICAL STUDIES. © 2016 ELSEVIER LTD","CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CHOLESTEROL; FATTY ACIDS; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; LDL; SACCHARUM","ANIMALS; ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENTS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CHOLESTEROL; FATTY ACIDS; HUMANS; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; HYPOLIPIDEMIC AGENTS; SACCHARUM; ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE; ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE; D 003; FLUINDOSTATIN; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; MEVINOLIN; PLACEBO; POLICOSANOL; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; ANTILIPEMIC AGENT; CHOLESTEROL; D-003 SUGARCANE WAX ACID MIXTURE; FATTY ACID; HYPOCHOLESTEROLEMIC AGENT; ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE BLOOD LEVEL; ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE BLOOD LEVEL; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CHOLESTEROL SYNTHESIS; CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); DRUG ACTIVITY; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG RESPONSE; DRUG TOLERABILITY; ENZYME ACTIVITY; ENZYME INHIBITION; HUMAN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; HYPOCHOLESTEROLEMIC ACTIVITY; LIPID PEROXIDATION; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); REVIEW; SACCHARUM OFFICINARUM; THROMBOCYTE AGGREGATION; TREATMENT DURATION; TRIACYLGLYCEROL BLOOD LEVEL; ANIMAL; BLOOD; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CHEMISTRY; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; METABOLISM; SUGARCANE","","","BARQUERA S., PEDROZA-TOBIAS A., MEDINA C., HERNANDEZ-BARRERA L., BIBBINS-DOMINGO K., LOZANO R., MORAN A.E., GLOBAL OVERVIEW OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ATHEROSCLEROTIC CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, ARCH. 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RES., 25, PP. 29-39, (2005); ARRUZAZABALA M.L., MAS R., MOLINA V., CARBAJAL D., FERNANDEZ L., ILLNAIT J., CASTANO G., FERNANDEZ J., MENDOZA S., EFFECTS OF D-003 A NEW SUBSTANCE PURIFIED FROM SUGAR CANE WAX, ON PLATELET AGGREGATION AND PLASMA LEVELS OF ARACHIDONIC ACID METABOLITES IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, INT. J. CLIN. PHARMACOL. RES., 24, PP. 55-63, (2004); ARRUZAZABALA M.L., MOLINA V., CARBAJAL D., MAS R., D-003 AND WARFARIN INTERACTION ON THE BLEEDING TIME AND VENOUS THROMBOSIS EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED IN RATS, J. MED. FOOD, 7, PP. 260-263, (2004); MOLINA V., ARRUZAZABALA M.L., CARBAJAL D., MAS R., D-003, A POTENTIAL ANTITHROMBOTIC COMPOUND ISOLATED FROM SUGAR CANE WAX WITH EFFECTS ON ARACHIDONIC ACID METABOLITES, PROSTAGLANDINS LEUKOT. ESSENT. FAT. ACIDS, 67, PP. 19-24, (2002); MOLINA V., ARRUZAZABALA M.L., CARBAJAL D., MAS R., VALDES S., ANTIPLATELET AND ANTITHROMBOTIC EFFECT OF D-003, PHARMACOL. 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A DOSE-TITRATION, RANDOMISED, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL, ARZNEIMITTELFORSCHUNG, 58, PP. 376-384, (2008); CASTANO G., MAS R., FERNANDEZ L., ILLNAIT J., MENDOZA S., GAMEZ R., FERNANDEZ J., MESA M., A COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF D-003 AND POLICOSANOL (5 AND 10 MG/DAY) IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA: A RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLINDED STUDY., DRUGS EXP, CLIN. RES., 31, PP. 31-44, (2005)","M. BANACH; HEAD DEPARTMENT OF HYPERTENSION, WAM UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL IN LODZ, MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF LODZ, LODZ, ZEROMSKIEGO 113, 90-549, POLAND; EMAIL: MACIEJBANACH@AOL.CO.UK","ACADEMIC PRESS","ENGLISH","PHARMACOL. RES.","REVIEW","ISI","2-S2.0-84992107995","PHARMACOL RES","ZAGAZIG UNIVERSITY;LIVERPOOL JOHN MOORES UNIVERSITY;WAM UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL IN LODZ","NOTREPORTED;WAM UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL IN LODZ;NOTREPORTED",NA,"AWAD K, 2016, PHARMACOL RES","AWAD K, 2016, PHARMACOL RES"
"WONGWAIWECH D;KAMCHONEMENUKOOL S;HO C;LI S;MAJAI N;RUNGRAT T;SUJIPULI K;PAN M;WEERAWATANAKORN M","WONGWAIWECH, DONPORN (57202775373); KAMCHONEMENUKOOL, SUDTHIDA (57219992228); HO, CHI-TANG (56510763200); LI, SHIMING (55741057400); MAJAI, NUTTHAPORN (57881135000); RUNGRAT, TEPSUDA (56067998300); SUJIPULI, KAWEE (57194178928); PAN, MIN-HSIUNG (7202544934); WEERAWATANAKORN, MONTHANA (55976489600)","BIOACTIVES FROM CRUDE RICE BRAN OILS EXTRACTED USING GREEN TECHNOLOGY",2023,"MOLECULES","28","",6,"10.3390/molecules28062457","DEPARTMENT OF AGRO-INDUSTRY, RAJAMANGALA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY LANNA TAK, 41/1 MOO 7, MAI NGAM, MUEANG, TAK, 63000, THAILAND;DEPARTMENT OF AGRO-INDUSTRY, NARESUAN UNIVERSITY, 99 MOO 9, THA PHO, MUEANG, PHITSANULOK, 65000, THAILAND;DEPARTMENT OF FOOD SCIENCE, RUTGERS UNIVERSITY, 65 DUDLEY ROAD, NEW BRUNSWICK, 08901, NJ, UNITED STATES;DEPARTMENT OF FOOD SCIENCE, COLLEGE OF LIFE SCIENCES, HUANGGANG NORMAL UNIVERSITY, HUANGGANG, 438000, CHINA;DEPARTMENT OF AGRO-INDUSTRY, NARESUAN UNIVERSITY, 99 MOO 9, THA PHO, MUEANG, PHITSANULOK, 65000, THAILAND;DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT, NARESUAN UNIVERSITY, 99 MOO 9, THA PHO, MUEANG, PHITSANULOK, 65000, THAILAND;DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT, NARESUAN UNIVERSITY, 99 MOO 9, THA PHO, MUEANG, PHITSANULOK, 65000, THAILAND;INSTITUTE OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY, NO.1, SECTION 4, ROOSEVELT ROAD, TAIPEI, 10617, TAIWAN;DEPARTMENT OF AGRO-INDUSTRY, NARESUAN UNIVERSITY, 99 MOO 9, THA PHO, MUEANG, PHITSANULOK, 65000, THAILAND","CRUDE RICE BRAN OILS FROM DIFFERENT RICE CULTIVARS AND EXTRACTION METHODS BEAR DIFFERENT CONTENTS OF NUTRACEUTICALS. THE HEALTH BENEFITS OF LOWERING CHOLESTEROL ACTIVITY OF RICE BRAN OIL BEING CONFIRMED BY MANY REPORTS ARE PARTLY ATTRIBUTED TO NON-NUTRIENT NUTRACEUTICALS, ESPECIALLY Γ-ORYZANOL, PHYTOSTEROLS, AND POLICOSANOLS. AS THE WORLD HAS BEEN FACING THE GLOBAL WARMING CRISIS, GREEN EXTRACTION TECHNOLOGY IS GAINING ATTENTION FROM MANY SECTORS. THE CURRENT STUDY AIMS TO COMPARE THE NUTRACEUTICAL COMPOSITION WITH RESPECT TO Γ-ORYZANOL, PHYTOSTEROL, AND POLICOSANOL CONTENT AS WELL AS THE ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF CRUDE RICE BRAN OILS EXTRACTED FROM WHITE AND RED RICE BRAN USING THREE GREEN TECHNOLOGIES, COMPARING WITH CONVENTIONAL HEXANE EXTRACTION. THE DATA SHOW THAT THE TRADITIONAL SOLVENT EXTRACTION GAVE THE HIGHEST OIL YIELD PERCENTAGE (26%), BUT IT WAS NOT SIGNIFICANTLY DIFFERENT FROM SUBCRITICAL LIQUEFIED DIMETHYL ETHER EXTRACTION (24.6%). SUBCRITICAL LIQUEFIED DIMETHYL ETHER EXTRACTION GAVE HIGHER OIL YIELD THAN SUPERCRITICAL CO2 EXTRACTION (15.5–16.2%). THE CRUDE RICE BRAN OIL EXTRACTED USING SUBCRITICAL LIQUEFIED DIMETHYL ETHER EXTRACTION PRODUCED THE HIGHEST TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENTS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES. THE HIGHEST Γ-ORYZANOL CONTENT OF THE CRUDE RICE BRAN OIL WAS FOUND IN OIL EXTRACTED BY CONVENTIONAL COLD PRESS (1370.43 MG/100 G). THE Γ-ORYZANOL CONTENT OF THE OIL OBTAINED VIA SUBCRITICAL LIQUEFIED DIMETHYL ETHER EXTRACTION WAS HIGH (1213.64 MG/100 G) COMPARED WITH SUPERCRITICAL CO2 EXTRACTION. THE RED RICE BRAN YIELDED THE CRUDE RICE BRAN OIL WITH THE HIGHEST TOTAL PHYTOSTEROL CONTENT COMPARED WITH THE WHITE BRAN, AND THE OIL FROM RED RICE BRAN EXTRACTED WITH SUBCRITICAL LIQUEFIED DIMETHYL ETHER GENERATED THE HIGHEST TOTAL PHYTOSTEROL CONTENT (1784.17 MG/100 G). THE HIGHEST POLICOSANOL CONTENT (274.40 MG/100 G) WAS ALSO FOUND IN OIL OBTAINED VIA SUBCRITICAL LIQUEFIED DIMETHYL ETHER EXTRACTION. © 2023 BY THE AUTHORS.","ORYZANOL; PHYTOSTEROL; POLICOSANOL; SUBCRITICAL EXTRACTION; SUPERCRITICAL EXTRACTION","ANTIOXIDANTS; CARBON DIOXIDE; ORYZA; PHENYLPROPIONATES; PHYTOSTEROLS; RICE BRAN OIL; ANTIOXIDANT; CARBON DIOXIDE; DIMETHYL ETHER; GAMMA-ORYZANOL; PHENYLPROPIONIC ACID DERIVATIVE; PHYTOSTEROL; POLICOSANOL; RICE BRAN OIL; ORYZA","THAILAND SCIENCE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION, TSRI","THIS RESEARCH WAS FUNDED BY THAILAND SCIENCE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION (TRSI) IN FISCAL YEAR 2022 (GRANT NUMBER FRB650022/0179) AND NARESUAN UNIVERSITY (GRANT NUMBER R2565B007).","LIU R., XU Y., CHANG M., TANG L., LU M., LIU R., JIN Q., WANG X., ANTIOXIDANT INTERACTION OF Α-TOCOPHEROL, Γ-ORYZANOL AND PHYTOSTEROL IN RICE BRAN OIL, FOOD CHEM, 343, (2021); JUNG D.M., LEE M.J., YOON S.H., JUNG M.Y., A GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-TANDEM QUADRUPOLE MASS SPECTROMETRIC ANALYSIS OF POLICOSANOLS IN COMMERCIAL VEGETABLE OILS, J. 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WEERAWATANAKORN; DEPARTMENT OF AGRO-INDUSTRY, NARESUAN UNIVERSITY, PHITSANULOK, 99 MOO 9, THA PHO, MUEANG, 65000, THAILAND; EMAIL: MONTHANAC@NU.AC.TH","MDPI","ENGLISH","MOLECULES","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-85151110957","MOLECULES","RAJAMANGALA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY LANNA TAK;NARESUAN UNIVERSITY;RUTGERS UNIVERSITY;HUANGGANG NORMAL UNIVERSITY;NARESUAN UNIVERSITY;NARESUAN UNIVERSITY;NARESUAN UNIVERSITY;NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY;NARESUAN UNIVERSITY","NOTREPORTED;NARESUAN UNIVERSITY;NOTREPORTED",NA,"WONGWAIWECH D, 2023, MOLECULES","WONGWAIWECH D, 2023, MOLECULES"
"CHABI I;ZANNOU O;DEDEHOU E;AYEGNON B;OSCAR O O;MAQSOOD S;GALANAKIS C;PIERRE P K A","CHABI, IFAGBÉMI BIENVENUE (57216964776); ZANNOU, OSCAR (57207455747); DEDEHOU, EMMANUELLE S.C.A. (58863205200); AYEGNON, BERNOLDE PAUL (56521608500); OSCAR ODOUARO, OLOUDÉ B. (58863669800); MAQSOOD, SAJID (26767951000); GALANAKIS, CHARIS M. (35077043100); PIERRE POLYCARPE KAYODÉ, ADÉCHOLA (58864128500)","TOMATO POMACE AS A SOURCE OF VALUABLE FUNCTIONAL INGREDIENTS FOR IMPROVING PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND SENSORY PROPERTIES AND EXTENDING THE SHELF LIFE OF FOODS A REVIEW",2024,"HELIYON","10","",2,"10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25261","LABORATORY OF HUMAN NUTRITION AND VALORIZATION OF FOOD BIO-INGREDIENTS, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF ABOMEY-CALAVI, JERICHO COTONOU, 03 BP 2819, BENIN;LABORATORY OF HUMAN NUTRITION AND VALORIZATION OF FOOD BIO-INGREDIENTS, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF ABOMEY-CALAVI, JERICHO COTONOU, 03 BP 2819, BENIN;ECOLE DES SCIENCES ET TECHNIQUES DE CONSERVATION ET DE TRANSFORMATION DES PRODUITS AGRICOLES, UNIVERSITÉ NATIONALE D'AGRICULTURE (UNA), SAKÉTÉ, BP 114, BENIN;LABORATORY OF HUMAN NUTRITION AND VALORIZATION OF FOOD BIO-INGREDIENTS, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF ABOMEY-CALAVI, JERICHO COTONOU, 03 BP 2819, BENIN;LABORATORY OF HUMAN NUTRITION AND VALORIZATION OF FOOD BIO-INGREDIENTS, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF ABOMEY-CALAVI, JERICHO COTONOU, 03 BP 2819, BENIN;FOOD SCIENCE DEPARTMENT, COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND VETERINARY MEDICINE, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES UNIVERSITY, AL-AIN, 15551, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES, NATIONAL WATER AND ENERGY CENTER, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES UNIVERSITY, AL-AIN, 15551, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES;RESEARCH & INNOVATION DEPARTMENT, GALANAKIS LABORATORIES, CHANIA, GREECE, FOOD WASTE RECOVERY GROUP, ISEKI FOOD ASSOCIATION, VIENNA, AUSTRIA, COLLEGE OF SCIENCE, TAIF UNIVERSITY, TAIF, SAUDI ARABIA;LABORATORY OF HUMAN NUTRITION AND VALORIZATION OF FOOD BIO-INGREDIENTS, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF ABOMEY-CALAVI, JERICHO COTONOU, 03 BP 2819, BENIN","DUE TO ITS NUTRITIONAL AND BIOACTIVE CONTENT, TOMATO POMACE (TP) REMAINS AMONG THE WORLD'S RICHEST FRUITS AND VEGETABLES. TOMATOES AND TP (GENERATED COPRODUCT) ARE A VERY RICH SOURCE OF LYCOPENE AND OTHER CAROTENOID COMPOUNDS AND CONTAIN AN ESSENTIAL AMOUNT OF POLYPHENOLS, POLICOSANOL, PHYTOSTEROLS, ORGANIC ACIDS, DIETARY FIBERS, MINERALS, AND VITAMINS. TP IS A PROMISING SOURCE OF SIGNIFICANT BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS WITH ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIAL. THEREFORE, THEIR CONSUMPTION IS KNOWN TO BE EFFECTIVE IN PREVENTING CERTAIN CHRONIC DISEASES. FOR EXAMPLE, LYCOPENE PREVENTS PROSTATE CANCER AND ACTS AS A HEPATOPROTECTOR AND GENOPROTECTOR AGAINST MYCOTOXINS, PESTICIDE RESIDUES, AND HEAVY METALS. THUS, THE VALORIZATION OF TP AS A FOOD INGREDIENT CAN BE OF GREAT HEALTH, ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL INTEREST AND CONTRIBUTE TO IMPROVING NUTRITION AND FOOD SECURITY. DURING THE LAST DECADES, CONSIDERABLE EFFORTS HAVE BEEN MADE TO VALORIZE TP AS A CRUCIAL FUNCTIONAL INGREDIENT IN IMPROVING: (I) THE NUTRITIONAL AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES, (II) SENSORY CHARACTERISTICS AND (III) THE SHELF LIFE OF MANY FOODS. THE CURRENT REVIEW AIMS TO UPDATE AND SUMMARIZE THE KNOWLEDGE ON THE RECENT FOOD APPLICATIONS OF TP, PARTICULARLY ITS USE AS A FUNCTIONAL INGREDIENT TO IMPROVE THE FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES AND SHELF LIFE OF FOODS. © THE AUTHORS","ANTIOXIDANT; BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS; HEALTH BENEFITS; SENSORY PROPERTIES; SHELF LIFE; TOMATO POMACE","","INTERNATIONAL FOUNDATION FOR SCIENCE, IFS, (I-3-E-6622-1)","THIS RESEARCH WAS SUPPORTED BY A GRANT FROM THE INTERNATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION (GRANT NO. I-3-E-6622-1 ) AWARDED TO THE FIRST AUTHOR. HE WOULD LIKE TO THANK MS. NATHALIE PERSSON ANDRIANASITERA AND MS. SIRILAK PONGPATIPAT FOR THEIR INVALUABLE ASSISTANCE. THE AUTHORS WOULD ALSO LIKE TO THANK MR. 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TECHNOL., 73, (2016); REHAL J.K., AGGARWAL P., DHALIWAL I., SHARMA M., KAUSHIK P., A TOMATO POMACE ENRICHED GLUTEN-FREE READY-TO-COOK SNACK'S NUTRITIONAL PROFILE, QUALITY, AND SHELF LIFE EVALUATION, HORTICULTURAE, 8, (2022)","O. ZANNOU; LABORATORY OF HUMAN NUTRITION AND VALORIZATION OF FOOD BIO-INGREDIENTS, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF ABOMEY-CALAVI, JERICHO COTONOU, 03 BP 2819, BENIN; EMAIL: ZANNOUOSCAR@GMAIL.COM; I.B. CHABI; LABORATORY OF HUMAN NUTRITION AND VALORIZATION OF FOOD BIO-INGREDIENTS, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF ABOMEY-CALAVI, JERICHO COTONOU, 03 BP 2819, BENIN; EMAIL: CHABIFAGBEMI@GMAIL.COM","ELSEVIER LTD","ENGLISH","HELIYON","REVIEW","ISI","2-S2.0-85184058720","HELIYON","UNIVERSITY OF ABOMEY-CALAVI;UNIVERSITY OF ABOMEY-CALAVI;UNIVERSITÉ NATIONALE D'AGRICULTURE (UNA);UNIVERSITY OF ABOMEY-CALAVI;UNIVERSITY OF ABOMEY-CALAVI;UNITED ARAB EMIRATES UNIVERSITY;TAIF UNIVERSITY;UNIVERSITY OF ABOMEY-CALAVI","NOTREPORTED;UNIVERSITY OF ABOMEY-CALAVI;NOTREPORTED;NOTREPORTED;UNIVERSITY OF ABOMEY-CALAVI;NOTREPORTED",NA,"CHABI IB, 2024, HELIYON","CHABI IB, 2024, HELIYON"
"KIM S;CHUNG H;LIM S","KIM, SUNG-MIN (57196227232); CHUNG, HYUN-JUNG (7404006790); LIM, SEUNG-TAIK (7404081168)","EFFECT OF VARIOUS HEAT TREATMENTS ON RANCIDITY AND SOME BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS OF RICE BRAN",2014,"JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE","60","5",101,"10.1016/j.jcs.2014.04.001","SCHOOL OF LIFE SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, KOREA UNIVERSITY, SUNGBUK-KU, SEOUL 136-701, 5-1 ANAM-DONG, SOUTH KOREA;DEPARTMENT OF FOOD AND NUTRITION, CHONNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, BUK-GU, GWANGJU 500-757, 77 YONGBONG-RO, SOUTH KOREA;SCHOOL OF LIFE SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, KOREA UNIVERSITY, SUNGBUK-KU, SEOUL 136-701, 5-1 ANAM-DONG, SOUTH KOREA","RICE BRAN CONTAINS NATURAL PHYTOCHEMICALS BUT UNSTABLE AGAINST HYDROLYTIC AND OXIDATIVE RANCIDITY. VARIOUS HEAT TREATMENTS, SUCH AS DRY-HEATING (DH), FREEZE-DRYING FOLLOWED BY DRY-HEATING (FDDH), MICROWAVE HEATING (MH), AUTOCLAVING (AC), AND ETHANOL VAPOR (EV) TREATMENT WERE APPLIED TO RICE BRAN AND THEIR EFFECTS ON THE STORAGE STABILITY AT ROOM TEMPERATURE WERE EVALUATED. THE FREE FATTY ACID (FFA) CONTENT OF UNTREATED RICE BRAN GRADUALLY INCREASED FROM 2.14 TO 19.81% DURING 24 WEEKS, WHEREAS THOSE OF THE TREATED RICE BRANS WERE NOT OR MARGINALLY CHANGED. THE FFA CONTENT IN DH SAMPLES WAS GREATER THAN THAT IN FDDH SAMPLES, INDICATING THE POSITIVE EFFECT OF FREEZE-DRYING PRIOR TO DH. AMONG THE TREATMENTS, AUTOCLAVING WAS MOST EFFECTIVE IN RETARDING THE FFA FORMATION. THE TOCOL CONTENT IN THE RICE BRANS VARIED WITH THE TREATMENTS, RANGING FROM 181.4MG/KG (EV) TO 310.6MG/KG (AC), WHEREAS THAT IN UNTREATED RICE BRAN WAS 216.3MG/KG. AMOUNTS OF OTHER BIO-FUNCTIONAL COMPONENTS SUCH AS PHYTOSTEROLS AND POLICOSANOLS WERE EITHER UNCHANGED OR INCREASED BY THE TREATMENTS. POLICOSANOL LEVEL WAS INCREASED BY ALL THE HEAT TREATMENTS, BUT NOT AFFECTED BY EV TREATMENT, INDICATING THAT THE THERMAL TREATMENTS INDUCED THE RELEASE OF FREE POLICOSANOLS. © 2014 ELSEVIER LTD.","HEAT TREATMENT; POLICOSANOLS; RICE BRAN; STORAGE STABILITY","","KOREA INSTITUTE OF PLANNING AND EVALUATION FOR TECHNOLOGY IN FOOD, AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES, IPET, (610009-03-2-WT241); MINISTRY FOR FOOD, AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES, MIFAFF; KOREA INSTITUTE OF PLANNING AND EVALUATION FOR TECHNOLOGY IN FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY, IPET","THIS RESEARCH WAS FINANCIALLY SUPPORTED BY IPET (KOREA INSTITUTE 356 OF PLANNING AND EVALUATION FOR TECHNOLOGY IN FOOD, AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES , UNDER GRANT NO: 610009-03-2-WT241 ), MINISTRY FOR FOOD, AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES, REPUBLIC OF KOREA .  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EMERG. TECHNOL., 9, PP. 495-500, (2008); VANSTONE C.A., SARJAZ M.R., JONES P.J.H., INJECTED PHYTOSTEROL/STANOLS SUPPRESS PLASMA CHOLESTEROL LEVELS IN HAMSTERS, J.NUTR. BIOCHEM., 12, PP. 565-574, (2001); YUEH J.Y., DIXON PHILLIPS R., RESURRECCION A.V.A., HUNG Y.C., PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND SENSORY CHARACTERISTIC CHANGES IN FORTIFIED PEANUT SPREADS AFTER 3 MONTHS OF STORAGE AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES, J.AGRIC. FOOD CHEM., 50, PP. 2377-2384, (2002)","S.-T. LIM; SCHOOL OF LIFE SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, KOREA UNIVERSITY, SUNGBUK-KU, SEOUL 136-701, 5-1 ANAM-DONG, SOUTH KOREA; EMAIL: LIMST@KOREA.AC.KR","ACADEMIC PRESS","ENGLISH","J. CEREAL SCI.","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-84901926470","J CEREAL SCI","KOREA UNIVERSITY;CHONNAM NATIONAL UNIVERSITY;KOREA UNIVERSITY","NOTREPORTED;KOREA UNIVERSITY;NOTREPORTED",NA,"KIM S-M, 2014, J CEREAL SCI","KIM S-M, 2014, J CEREAL SCI"
"BAYS H;STEIN E","BAYS, HAROLD (7003857915); STEIN, EVAN A. (7202194876)","PHARMACOTHERAPY FOR DYSLIPIDAEMIA CURRENT THERAPIES AND FUTURE AGENTS",2003,"EXPERT OPINION ON PHARMACOTHERAPY","4","37",168,"10.1517/14656566.4.11.1901","L-MARC RESEARCH CENTER, LOUISVILLE, KY 40213, 3288 ILLINOIS AVENUE, UNITED STATES;CINCINNATI, OH 45229, UNITED STATES","CURRENT LIPID-ALTERING AGENTS THAT LOWER LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL (LDL-C) PRIMARILY THROUGH INCREASED HEPATIC LDL RECEPTOR ACTIVITY INCLUDE STATINS, BILE ACID SEQUESTRANTS/RESINS AND CHOLESTEROL ABSORPTION INHIBITORS SUCH AS EZETIMIBE, PLANT STANOLS/STEROLS, POLYPHENOLS, AS WELL AS NUTRACEUTICALS SUCH AS OAT BRAN, PSYLLIUM AND SOY PROTEINS; THOSE CURRENTLY IN DEVELOPMENT INCLUDE NEWER STATINS, PHYTOSTANOL ANALOGUES, SQUALENE SYNTHASE INHIBITORS, BILE ACID TRANSPORT INHIBITORS AND SREBP CLEAVAGE-ACTIVATING PROTEIN (SCAP) ACTIVATING LIGANDS. OTHER CURRENT AGENTS THAT AFFECT LIPID METABOLISM INCLUDE NICOTINIC ACID (NIACIN), ACIPIMOX, HIGH-DOSE FISH OILS, ANTIOXIDANTS AND POLICOSANOL, WHILST THOSE IN DEVELOPMENT INCLUDE MICROSOMAL TRIGLYCERIDE TRANSFER PROTEIN (MTP) INHIBITORS, ACYLCOENZYME A: CHOLESTEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE (ACAT) INHIBITORS, GEMCABENE, LIFIBROL, PANTOTHENIC ACID ANALOGUES, NICOTINIC ACID-RECEPTOR AGONISTS, ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS (SUCH AS LP-PLA2 ANTAGONISTS AND AGI-1067) AND FUNCTIONAL OILS. CURRENT AGENTS THAT AFFECT NUCLEAR RECEPTORS INCLUDE PPAR-Α AND -Γ AGONISTS, WHILE IN DEVELOPMENT ARE NEWER PPAR-Α, -Γ AND -Δ AGONISTS, AS WELL AS DUAL PPAR-Α/Γ AND 'PAN' PPAR-Α/Γ/Δ AGONISTS. LIVER X RECEPTOR (LXR), FARNESOID X RECEPTOR (FXR) AND STEROL-REGULATORY ELEMENT BINDING PROTEIN (SREBP) ARE ALSO NUCLEAR RECEPTOR TARGETS OF INVESTIGATIONAL AGENTS. AGENTS IN DEVELOPMENT ALSO MAY AFFECT HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL (HDL-C) BLOOD LEVELS OR FLUX AND INCLUDE CHOLESTERYL ESTER TRANSFER PROTEIN (CETP) INHIBITORS (SUCH AS TORCETRAPIB), CETP VACCINES, VARIOUS HDL 'THERAPIES' AND UPREGULATORS OF ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER (ABC) A1, LECITHIN CHOLESTEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE (LCAT) AND SCAVENGER RECEPTOR CLASS B TYPE 1 (SRB1), AS WELL AS SYNTHETIC APOLIPOPROTEIN (APO)E-RELATED PEPTIDES. FIXED-DOSE COMBINATION LIPID-ALTERING DRUGS ARE CURRENTLY AVAILABLE SUCH AS EXTENDED-RELEASE NIACIN/LOVASTATIN, WHILST ATORVASTATIN/AMLODIPINE, EZETIMIBE/SIMVASTATIN, ATORVASTATIN/CETP INHIBITOR, STATIN/PPAR AGONIST EXTENDED-RELEASE NIACIN/SIMVASTATIN AND PRAVASTATIN/ASPIRIN ARE UNDER DEVELOPMENT. FINALLY, CURRENT AND FUTURE LIPID-ALTERING DRUGS MAY INCLUDE ANTI-OBESITY AGENTS WHICH COULD FAVOURABLY AFFECT LIPID LEVELS.","ABC A1; ACAT; ACIPIMOX; ADIPOSOPATHY; AGI-1067; CETP; CHOLESTEROL; CRP; EZETIMIBE; FM-VP4; FXR; GEMCABENE; HDL-C; IMPLITAPIDE; JUPITER; LARGE UNILAMELLAR VESIDES; LCAT; LDL-C; LIFIBROL; LIPID; LP-PLA<SUB>2</SUB>; LXR; MTP; NIACIN; PAF-AH; PANTETHINE; PANTOTHENIC ACID; PHYTOSTANOL; PPAR; RXR; SQUALENE SYNTHASE; SRBI; SREBP; STANOL; STEROL; TORCETRAPIB; TRIGLYCERIDE","ACIPIMOX; ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; ANTILIPEMIC AGENT; COLESTIPOL; COLESTYRAMINE; CYCLOSPORIN; EZETIMIBE; FISH OIL; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; LIFIBROL; LIGAND; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTOR; MACROLIDE; MICROSOMAL TRIGLYCERIDE TRANSFER PROTEIN; NICOTINIC ACID; NICOTINIC AGENT; PANTOTHENIC ACID DERIVATIVE; PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR ACTIVATED RECEPTOR AGONIST; POLICOSANOL; POLYPHENOL DERIVATIVE; PRAVASTATIN; PROTEIN INHIBITOR; PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; SIMVASTATIN; SITOSTANOL; SOYBEAN PROTEIN; SQUALENE SYNTHASE INHIBITOR; STEROL REGULATORY ELEMENT BINDING PROTEIN; UNINDEXED DRUG; ABDOMINAL PAIN; ANEMIA; BLEEDING TENDENCY; BRAN; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONSTIPATION; DIARRHEA; DOSE RESPONSE; DRUG BLOOD LEVEL; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG EXCRETION; DRUG FATALITY; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG METABOLISM; DYSLIPIDEMIA; DYSPEPSIA; GALLSTONE; GASTRITIS; GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOM; HEART PALPITATION; HEPATITIS; HOT FLUSH; HUMAN; HYPERGLYCEMIA; HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA; HYPERURICEMIA; LIPID BLOOD LEVEL; LIVER DYSFUNCTION; LIVER FAILURE; MYALGIA; MYOPATHY; NAUSEA; OAT; PRURITUS; REVIEW; RHABDOMYOLYSIS; SYNCOPE; TACHYCARDIA; TASTE DISORDER; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; VERTIGO","","","CANTOS J.G., ISKANDRIAN A.E., MAJOR RISK FACTORS FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE-DEBUNKING THE 'ONLY 50% MYTH, JAMA, 290, 7, PP. 947-949, (2003); BAYS H.E., EXISTING AND INVESTIGATIONAL COMBINATION DRUG THERAPY FOR HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL, AM. 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PHARMACOTHER.","REVIEW","ISI","2-S2.0-0242490816","EXPERT OPIN PHARMACOTHER","L-MARC RESEARCH CENTER","NOTREPORTED;L-MARC RESEARCH CENTER;NOTREPORTED",NA,"BAYS H, 2003, EXPERT OPIN PHARMACOTHER","BAYS H, 2003, EXPERT OPIN PHARMACOTHER"
"MA J;MA L;ZHANG H;ZHANG Z;WANG Y;LI K;CHEN X","MA, JINJU (56149760100); MA, LIYI (56332101700); ZHANG, HONG (55070241500); ZHANG, ZHONGQUAN (55806093000); WANG, YOUQIONG (36174758400); LI, KAI (57001344700); CHEN, XIAOMING (55739155400)","POLICOSANOL FABRICATION FROM INSECT WAX AND OPTIMIZATION BY RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY",2018,"PLOS ONE","13","",14,"10.1371/journal.pone.0197343","RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF RESOURCES INSECTS, CHINESE ACADEMY OF FORESTRY, KUNMING, YUNNAN, CHINA;RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF RESOURCES INSECTS, CHINESE ACADEMY OF FORESTRY, KUNMING, YUNNAN, CHINA;RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF RESOURCES INSECTS, CHINESE ACADEMY OF FORESTRY, KUNMING, YUNNAN, CHINA;RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF RESOURCES INSECTS, CHINESE ACADEMY OF FORESTRY, KUNMING, YUNNAN, CHINA;RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF RESOURCES INSECTS, CHINESE ACADEMY OF FORESTRY, KUNMING, YUNNAN, CHINA;RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF RESOURCES INSECTS, CHINESE ACADEMY OF FORESTRY, KUNMING, YUNNAN, CHINA;RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF RESOURCES INSECTS, CHINESE ACADEMY OF FORESTRY, KUNMING, YUNNAN, CHINA","BACKGROUND INSECT WAX IS A FAMOUS BIOLOGICAL RESOURCE FOR THE ROLE IN ECONOMIC PRODUCTION IN CHINA. INSECT WAX IS A GOOD SOURCE OF POLICOSANOL, WHICH MAY IS A CANDIDATE SUPPLEMENT IN FOODSTUFF AND PHARMACEUTICALS THAT HAS IMPORTANT PHYSIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES. THEREFORE, THIS WORK AIMS TO INVESTIGATE A HIGH-YIELD AND RAPID METHOD FOR POLICOSANOL FABRICATION FROM INSECT WAX. RESULTS THE CONDITIONS FOR POLICOSANOL FABRICATION WERE OPTIMIZED AS FOLLOWS: AN OIL BATH TEMPERATURE OF 112.7C AND REDUCTANT DOSAGE OF 0.97 G (USED FOR THE REDUCTION OF 10.00 G OF INSECT WAX). THE YIELD OF POLICOSANOL REACHED 83.20%, WHICH WAS 4 TIMES GREATER THAN THAT OF EXISTING METHODS, SUCH AS SAPONIFICATION. THE TOTAL CONTENT OF POLICOSANOL OBTAINED UNDER THE OPTIMAL CONDITIONS REACHED 87%. IN OTHER WORDS, A HIGH YIELD OF POLICOSANOL WAS OBTAINED FROM INSECT WAX (723.84 MG/G), THAT WAS 55 TIMES HIGHER THAN THAT GENERATED FROM BEESWAX-BROWN VIA SAPONIFICATION. THE CONCENTRATIONS OF METAL RESIDUES IN POLICOSANOL WERE WITHIN THE LIMITS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION REGULATIONS AND EFSA STIPULATION. THE LD50 VALUES FOR ORAL DOSES OF INSECT WAX AND POLICOSANOL WERE BOTH > 5 G/KG. CONCLUSION POLICOSANOL WAS FABRICATED VIA SOLVENT-FREE REDUCTION FROM INSECT WAX USING LIALH4 AT A HIGH YIELD. THE FABRICATION CONDITIONS WERE OPTIMIZED. POLICOSANOL AND INSECT WAX SHOWED HIGH SECURITY, WHICH MADE THEM POTENTIAL CANDIDATES AS SUPPLEMENTS IN FOODS, PHARMACEUTICALS AND COSMETICS. THE RAPID AND HIGH-YIELD METHOD HAS GREAT POTENTIAL FOR COMMERCIAL MANUFACTURING OF POLICOSANOL. © 2018 MA ET AL. THIS IS AN OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE DISTRIBUTED UNDER THE TERMS OF THE CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION LICENSE, WHICH PERMITS UNRESTRICTED USE, DISTRIBUTION, AND REPRODUCTION IN ANY MEDIUM, PROVIDED THE ORIGINAL AUTHOR AND SOURCE ARE CREDITED.","","ADMINISTRATION, ORAL; ALUMINUM COMPOUNDS; ANIMALS; FATTY ALCOHOLS; FEMALE; INSECTA; LITHIUM COMPOUNDS; RATS, SPRAGUE-DAWLEY; TEMPERATURE; WAXES; INSECT WAX; METAL; OIL; POLICOSANOL; PROPOLIS; REDUCING AGENT; STIFFENER; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; ALUMINUM DERIVATIVE; ALUMINUM LITHIUM HYDRIDE; FATTY ALCOHOL; LITHIUM DERIVATIVE; POLICOSANOL; WAX; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE; CONCENTRATION (PARAMETERS); CONTROLLED STUDY; EUROPEAN UNION; FEMALE; LD50; NONHUMAN; RAT; REACTION OPTIMIZATION; REDUCTION (CHEMISTRY); SAPONIFICATION; TEMPERATURE; ANIMAL; CHEMISTRY; INSECT; ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION; ORAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; SPRAGUE DAWLEY RAT","SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM OF GUANGXI; NATIONAL HIGH-TECH RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM, (2014AA021801); FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH FUNDS FOR THE CENTRAL UNIVERSITIES, (CAFYBB2018SY025)","THIS WORK WAS FINANCIALLY SUPPORTED BY THE FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH FUNDS FOR THE CENTRAL NON-PROFIT RESEARCH INSTITUTION OF CAF (CAFYBB2018SY025) HTTP://WWW.CAF.AC.CN/, AND NATIONAL HIGH TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM OF CHINA (863 PROGRAM) (2014AA021801) HTTP://PROGRAM.MOST.GOV.CN/. 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MA; RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF RESOURCES INSECTS, CHINESE ACADEMY OF FORESTRY, KUNMING, CHINA; EMAIL: LINHUASHI510@OUTLOOK.COM","PUBLIC LIBRARY OF SCIENCE","ENGLISH","PLOS ONE","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-85047117760","PLOS ONE","RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF RESOURCES INSECTS;RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF RESOURCES INSECTS;RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF RESOURCES INSECTS;RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF RESOURCES INSECTS;RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF RESOURCES INSECTS;RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF RESOURCES INSECTS;RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF RESOURCES INSECTS","NOTREPORTED;RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF RESOURCES INSECTS;NOTREPORTED",NA,"MA J, 2018, PLOS ONE","MA J, 2018, PLOS ONE"
"LUKIĆ M;LUKIĆ I;SLADONJA B;PILIŽOTA V","LUKIĆ, MARINA (36181149200); LUKIĆ, IGOR (9941727900); SLADONJA, BARBARA (9939334900); PILIŽOTA, VLASTA (6603031825)","POLICOSANOL VARIATION IN OLIVE OIL AS A RESULT OF VARIETY RIPENING AND STORAGE",2015,"EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF LIPID SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY","117","12",5,"10.1002/ejlt.201400483","INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE AND TOURISM, POREČ, CROATIA;INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE AND TOURISM, POREČ, CROATIA;INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE AND TOURISM, POREČ, CROATIA;FACULTY OF FOOD TECHNOLOGY, JOSIP JURAJ STROSSMAYER UNIVERSITY OF OSIJEK, OSIJEK, CROATIA","DESPITE THEIR IMPORTANCE AS BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS AND AUTHENTICATION PARAMETERS IN OLIVE OIL, THE RESPONSE OF POLICOSANOL ALIPHATIC ALCOHOLS TO EVEN THE MOST INFLUENTIAL SOURCES OF VARIABILITY IS PRACTICALLY UNKNOWN. TO INVESTIGATE POLICOSANOL VARIATION IN OLIVE OIL AS A RESULT OF VARIETY, RIPENING, AND OIL STORAGE TEMPERATURE, 36 SAMPLES WERE SUBJECTED TO GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC (GC-FID) AND MASS SPECTROMETRIC (GC-MS) ANALYSIS, AND RESULTS WERE PROCESSED BY UNIVARIATE (ANOVA) AND MULTIVARIATE (SLDA) STATISTICS. THE CONCENTRATION (MG/100G) AND RELATIVE AMOUNT (%) OF PENTACOSANOL ACCOUNTED FOR THE MOST VARIATION DUE TO VARIETY. THE LARGEST INFLUENCE OF RIPENING WAS OBSERVED FOR PENTACOSANOL (%) AND DOCOSANOL (%). DOCOSANOL, TRICOSANOL, AND TETRACOSANOL AMOUNTS MOSTLY INCREASED DURING RIPENING, WHEREAS THOSE OF PENTACOSANOL, HEXACOSANOL, HEPTACOSANOL, AND OCTACOSANOL DECREASED IN ČRNA AND ROSINJOLA OILS, WHEREAS BUŽA SHOWED DIFFERENT PATTERNS IN SOME CASES. VARIATIONS AS A RESULT OF STORAGE WERE LOWER AND INCONSISTENT. RESULTS SUGGEST THAT THE INVESTIGATED OLIVE OILS RETAINED THE BULK OF THEIR HEALTH BENEFICIAL FEATURES OF POLICOSANOL ORIGIN THROUGHOUT SHELF-LIFE. RELATIVELY SUCCESSFUL DIFFERENTIATION OF OILS ACHIEVED BY MULTIVARIATE MODELS POINTED TO THE POTENTIAL USE OF POLICOSANOL ALCOHOLS AS CHEMICAL INDICATORS OF VARIETAL ORIGIN WHICH ARE INDEPENDENT ON RIPENING DEGREE, AND VICE VERSA, APPLICABLE BOTH FOR FRESH AND STORED OILS. © 2015 WILEY-VCH VERLAG GMBH & CO. KGAA, WEINHEIM.","OLIVE OIL; POLICOSANOL; RIPENING DEGREE; STORAGE; VARIETY","","","","CHERIF A.O., MESSAOUDA M.B., KAABI B., BOUKHCHINA S., ET AL., COMPARISON OF THE CONCENTRATIONS OF LONG-CHAIN ALCOHOLS (POLICOSANOL) IN THREE TUNISIAN PEANUT VARIETIES (ARACHIS HYPOGAEA L.), J. AGRIC. FOOD CHEM., 58, PP. 12143-12148, (2010); JUNG D.M., LEE M.J., YOON S.H., JUNG M.Y., A GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-TANDEM QUADRUPOLE MASS SPECTROMETRIC ANALYSIS OF POLICOSANOLS IN COMMERCIAL VEGETABLE OILS, J. FOOD SCI., 76, PP. 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RES., 119, PP. 145-153, (2010); LOPEZ-LOPEZ A., MONTANO A., RUIZ-MENDEZ M.V., GARRIDO-FERNANDEZ A., STEROLS, FATTY ALCOHOL AND TRITERPENIC ALCOHOLS IN COMMERCIAL TABLE OLIVES, J. AM. OIL CHEM. SOC., 85, PP. 253-262, (2008); RANALLI A., TOMBESI A., FERRANTE M., DE MATTIA G., RESPIRATORY RATE OF OLIVE DRUPES DURING THEIR RIPENING CYCLE AND QUALITY OF OIL EXTRACTED, J. SCI. FOOD AGRIC., 77, PP. 359-367, (1998); GARCIA-GONZALES D.L., TENA N., APARICIO R., DESCRIBING THE CHEMICAL SINGULARITY OF THE SPANISH PROTECTED DESIGNATIONS OF ORIGIN FOR VIRGIN OLIVE OILS IN RELATION TO OILS FROM NEIGHBOURING AREAS, GRASAS ACEITES, 63, PP. 26-34, (2012); SAMUELS L., KUNST L., JETTER R., SEALING PLANT SURFACES: CUTICULAR WAX FORMATION BY EPIDERMAL CELLS, ANNU. REV. PLANT BIOL., 59, PP. 683-707, (2008); SALAS J.J., WILLIAMS M., HARWOOD J.L., SANCHEZ J., LIPOXYGENASE ACTIVITY IN OLIVE (OLEA EUROPAEA) FRUIT, J. AM. OIL CHEM. SOC., 76, PP. 1163-1168, (1999); CARADEC S., GROSSI V., GILBERT F., GUIGUE C., GOUTX M., INFLUENCE OF VARIOUS REDOX CONDITIONS ON THE DEGRADATION OF MICROALGAL TRIACYLGLYCEROLS AND FATTY ACIDS IN MARINE SEDIMENTS, ORG. GEOCHEM., 35, PP. 277-287, (2004)","M. LUKIĆ; INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE AND TOURISM, POREČ, KARLA HUGUESA 8, 52440, CROATIA; EMAIL: MARINA@IPTPO.HR","WILEY-VCH VERLAG","ENGLISH","EUR. J. LIPID SCI. TECHNOL.","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-84938744683","EUR J LIPID SCI TECHNOL","INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE AND TOURISM;INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE AND TOURISM;INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE AND TOURISM;JOSIP JURAJ STROSSMAYER UNIVERSITY OF OSIJEK","NOTREPORTED;INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE AND TOURISM;NOTREPORTED",NA,"LUKIĆ M, 2015, EUR J LIPID SCI TECHNOL","LUKIĆ M, 2015, EUR J LIPID SCI TECHNOL"
"VENTURELLI A;BRIGHENTI V;MASCOLO D;PELLATI F","VENTURELLI, ALBERTO (6603423752); BRIGHENTI, VIRGINIA (56162712900); MASCOLO, DANILO (57208791908); PELLATI, FEDERICA (6507646450)","A NEW STRATEGY BASED ON MICROWAVEASSISTED TECHNOLOGY FOR THE EXTRACTION AND PURIFICATION OF BEESWAX POLICOSANOLS FOR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES AND BEYOND",2019,"JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS","172","5",14,"10.1016/j.jpba.2019.04.015","STRADA GHERBELLA, 294, MODENA, 41126, ITALY;STRADA GHERBELLA, 294, MODENA, 41126, ITALY, DEPARTMENT OF LIFE SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF MODENA AND REGGIO EMILIA, VIA G. CAMPI 103, MODENA, 41125, ITALY;CONFINDUSTRIA EMILIA-ROMAGNA, VIA BARBERIA 13, BOLOGNA, 40123, ITALY;DEPARTMENT OF LIFE SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF MODENA AND REGGIO EMILIA, VIA G. CAMPI 103, MODENA, 41125, ITALY","                             POLICOSANOLS (PCS) ARE A MIXTURE OF LONG CHAIN PRIMARY ALIPHATIC ALCOHOLS MAINLY KNOWN FOR THEIR ABILITY TO REDUCE CHOLESTEROL LEVEL. DUE TO THIS PROPERTY, THERE IS AN INCREASING INTEREST IN THE EXTRACTION PROCESS OF THESE COMPOUNDS. IN THIS CONTEXT, BEESWAX, A NATURAL PRODUCT PRODUCED BY HONEY BEES OF THE GENUS APIS, IS A PROMISING SOURCE FOR THEIR EXTRACTION AND PURIFICATION. THE PRESENT RESEARCH WORK WAS AIMED AT THE DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW PROCEDURE FOR THE EXTRACTION AND PURIFICATION OF PCS FROM YELLOW BEESWAX BY USING MICROWAVE-ASSISTED TECHNOLOGY, WHICH HITHERTO HAS NEVER BEEN APPLIED TO THIS MIXTURE. THE DEVELOPED PROCESS COMPRISES THREE MAIN STEPS: 1) MICROWAVE-ASSISTED TRANS-ESTERIFICATION; 2) MICROWAVE-ASSISTED HYDROLYSIS; 3) FINAL PURIFICATION BY MEANS OF PREPARATIVE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY. THE FINAL STEP IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE INCREASED PURITY OF PCS, THANKS TO THE REMOVAL OF UNDESIRED COMPOUNDS, SUCH AS NATURAL PARAFFINS. THE PREDOMINANT ALCOHOLS INVESTIGATED IN THIS WORK ARE TETRACOSANOL (C                             24                             OH), HEXACOSANOL (C                             26                             OH), OCTACOSANOL (C                             28                             OH), TRIACONTANOL (C                             30                             OH) AND DOTRIACONTANOL (C                             32                             OH). COMPOUND IDENTIFICATION WAS PERFORMED USING GC-EI-MS, WHILE GC-FID ANALYSIS WAS CHOSEN FOR THE QUANTIFICATION OF THE MAIN FATTY ALCOHOLS PRESENT IN THE PRODUCT. THIS NEW METHOD REPRESENTS A USEFUL TOOL FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PCS FROM BEESWAX TO BE USED IN PHARMACEUTICALS AND NUTRACEUTICALS FOR HUMAN USE, FEED AND VETERINARY SUPPLEMENTS.                          © 2019 ELSEVIER B.V.","BEESWAX; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; MICROWAVE-ASSISTED EXTRACTION; POLICOSANOLS; PREPARATIVE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY","ALCOHOLS; ANIMALS; BEES; BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS; FATTY ALCOHOLS; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; MICROWAVES; TECHNOLOGY, PHARMACEUTICAL; WAXES; DOTRIACONTANOL; FATTY ALCOHOL; HEXACOSANOL; OCTACOSANOL; PARAFFIN; POLICOSANOL; PROPOLIS; TETRACOSANOL; TRIACONTANOL; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; 1-OCTACOSANOL; 1-TRIACONTANOL; ALCOHOL DERIVATIVE; BIOLOGICAL PRODUCT; FATTY ALCOHOL; POLICOSANOL; PROPOLIS; WAX; ARTICLE; DRUG HYDROLYSIS; DRUG ISOLATION; DRUG PURIFICATION; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; MASS FRAGMENTOGRAPHY; MICROWAVE ASSISTED EXTRACTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TRANSESTERIFICATION; ANIMAL; BEE; CHEMISTRY; DEVICES; MICROWAVE RADIATION; PHARMACEUTICS; PROCEDURES","EUROPEAN UNION HORIZON 2020 RESEARCH AND INNOVATION PROGRAM; HORIZON 2020 FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME, H2020, (854590)","THIS WORK WAS CARRIED OUT IN THE PROJECT “NEW POLI PHARMA NET” IN THE AMBIT OF THE REGIONAL PROGRAM “DAI DISTRETTI PRODUTTIVI AI DISTRETTI TECNOLOGICI 2 PER IL DISTRETTO 5-FARMACEUTICA E BIOTECNOLOGIE”, FUNDED BY EMILIA-ROMAGNA REGION, ITALY. ","IRMAK S., DUNFORD N.T., MILLIGAN J., POLICOSANOL CONTENTS OF BEESWAX, SUGAR CANE AND WHEAT EXTRACTS, FOOD CHEM., 95, PP. 312-318, (2006); VIOLA F., OLIARO S., BINELLO A., CRAVOTTO G., POLICOSANOL: UPDATING AND PERSPECTIVES, MED. J. NUTR. METAB., 1, PP. 77-83, (2008); CASTANO G., MAS R., FERNANDEZ L., ILLNAIT J., GAMEZ R., FERNANDEZ J.C., COMPARISON OF TWO REGIMENS OF POLICOSANOL ADMINISTERED AT 20 MG/D IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA: A RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND PLACEBO-CONTROLLED STUDY, CURR. THER. RES., 62, PP. 194-208, (2001); GOUNI-BERTHOLD I., BERTHOLD H.K., POLICOSANOL: CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF A NEW LIPID-LOWERING AGENT, AM. HEART J., 143, PP. 356-365, (2002); GUPTA H., PAWAR D., RIVA A., BOMBARDELLI E., MORAZZONI P., A RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL TO EVALUATE EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF AN OPTIMIZED BOTANICAL COMBINATION IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA AND MIXED DYSLIPIDEMIA, PHYTOTHER. RES., 26, PP. 265-272, (2012); BARRAT E., ZAIR Y., SIRVENT P., CHAUVEAU P., MAUDET C., HOUSEZ B., DERBORD E., LESCUYER J., BARD J., CAZAUBIEL M., PELTIER S.L., EFFECT ON LDL-CHOLESTEROL OF A LARGE DOSE OF A DIETARY SUPPLEMENT WITH PLANT EXTRACTS IN SUBJECTS WITH UNTREATED MODERATE HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA: A RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED STUDY, EUR. J. NUTR., 52, PP. 1843-1852, (2013); ILLNAIT J., LOPEZ E., FERNANDEZ L., MAS R., GAMEZ R., MESA M., MENDOZA S., FERNANDEZ J.C., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL (5 AND 10 MG/DAY) IN ADULTS WITH SERUM CHOLESTEROL LEVELS ≤ 5.9 MMOL/L, INT. J. PHARM. SCI. REV. RES., 54, PP. 303-309, (2013); CHEN J.T., WESLEY R., SHAMBUREK R.D., PUCINO F., CSAKO G., META-ANALYSIS OF NATURAL THERAPIES FOR HYPERLIPIDEMIA: PLANT STEROLS AND STANOLS VERSUS POLICOSANOL, PHARMACOTHERAPY, 25, PP. 171-183, (2005); SINGH D.K., LI L., PORTER T.D., POLICOSANOL INHIBITS CHOLESTEROL SYNTHESIS IN HEPATOMA CELLS BY ACTIVATION OF AMP-KINASE, J. PHARMACOL. EXP. THER., 318, PP. 1020-1026, (2006); PATTI A.M., TOTH P.P., GIGLIO R.V., BANACH M., NOTO M., NIKOLIC D., MONTALTO G., RIZZO M., NUTRACEUTICALS AS AN IMPORTANT PART OF COMBINATION THERAPY IN DYSLIPIDAEMIA, CURR. PHARM. DES., 23, PP. 2496-2503, (2017); BANERJEE S., GHOSHAL S., PORTER T.D., ACTIVATION OF AMP-KINASE BY POLICOSANOL REQUIRES PEROXISOMAL METABOLISM, LIPIDS, 46, PP. 311-321, (2011); LEE J.H., JIA Y., THACH T.T., HAN Y., KIM B., WU C., KIM Y., SEO W.D., LEE S.J., HEXACOSANOL REDUCES PLASMA AND HEPATIC CHOLESTEROL BY ACTIVATION OF AMP-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE AND SUPPRESSION OF STEROL REGULATORY ELEMENT-BINDING PROTEIN-2 IN HEPG2 AND C57BL/6J MICE, NUTR. RES., 43, PP. 89-99, (2017); DULIN M.F., HATCHER L.F., SASSER H.C., BARRINGER T.A., POLICOSANOL IS INEFFECTIVE IN THE TREATMENT OF HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL, AM. J. CLIN. NUTR., 84, PP. 1543-1548, (2006); FRANCINI-PESENTI F., BROCADELLO F., BELTRAMOLLI D., NARDI M., CAREGARO L., SUGAR CANE POLICOSANOL FAILED TO LOWER PLASMA CHOLESTEROL IN PRIMITIVE, DIET-RESISTANT HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA: A DOUBLE BLIND, CONTROLLED STUDY, COMPLEMENT. THER. MED., 16, PP. 61-65, (2008); NOA M., MAS R., PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE ON AORTAS IN MONKEYS, ARCH. MED. RES., 36, PP. 441-447, (2005); ORTEGA L.L., SANCHEZ J., MAS R., FERNANDEZ L., MENDOZA S., GAMEZ R., FERNANDEZ J.C., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL ON PATIENTS WITH ISCHEMIC STROKE: A PILOT OPEN STUDY, J. MED. FOOD, 9, PP. 378-385, (2006); VARADY K.A., WANG Y., JONES P.J.H., ROLE OF POLICOSANOLS IN THE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, NUTR. REV., 61, PP. 376-383, (2003); CRAVOTTO G., BINELLO A., MERIZZI G., AVOGADRO M., IMPROVING SOLVENT-FREE EXTRACTION OF POLICOSANOL FROM RICE BRAN BY HIGH-INTENSITY ULTRASOUND TREATMENT, EUR. J. LIPID SCI. TECHNOL., 106, PP. 147-151, (2004); WANG M., LIAN H., MAO L., ZHOU J., GONG H., QIAN B., FANG Y., LI J., COMPARISON OF VARIOUS EXTRACTION METHODS FOR POLICOSANOL FROM RICE BRAN WAX AND ESTABLISHMENT OF CHROMATOGRAPHIC FINGERPRINT OF POLICOSANOL, J. AGRIC. FOOD CHEM., 55, PP. 5552-5558, (2007); DUNFORD N.T., IRMAK S., JONNALA R., PRESSURIZED SOLVENT EXTRACTION OF POLICOSANOL FROM WHEAT STRAW, GERM AND BRAN, FOOD CHEM., 119, PP. 1246-1249, (2010); SIN E.H.K., MARRIOT R., HUNT A.J., CLARK J.H., IDENTIFICATION, QUANTIFICATION AND CHRASTIL MODELLING OF WHEAT STRAW WAX EXTRACTION USING SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE, CR. CHIM., 17, PP. 293-300, (2014); ATTARD T.M., MCELROY C., REZENDE C.A., POLIKARPOV I., CLARK J.H., HUNT A.J., SUGARCANE WASTE AS A VALUABLE SOURCE OF LIPOPHILIC MOLECULES, IND. CROP. PROD., 76, PP. 95-103, (2015); JACKSON M.A., ELLER F.J., ISOLATION OF LONG-CHAIN ALIPHATIC ALCOHOLS FROM BEESWAX USING LIPASE-CATALYZED METHANOLYSIS IN SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE, J. SUPERCRIT. FLUIDS, 37, PP. 173-177, (2006); PEREZ P.P., (2001); GAMBLE W.R., LIU Z., BAILEY D.T., PEREZ P.P., STULL D.P., RICHHEIMER S.L., NICHOLS R.L., LENOBLE R., (2006); SRISAIPET A., PHROMCHAN S., JAIPAENG T., POLICOSANOL EXTRACTION FROM BEESWAX AND IMPROVEMENT OF THE PURITY, MATEC WEB OF CONFERENCES 111, (2017); GIL-CHAVEZ G.J., VILLA J.A., AYALA-ZAVALA F.J., BASILIO HEREDIA J., SEPULVEDA D., YAHIA E.M., GUSTAVO A., GONZALEZ-AGUILAR G.A., TECHNOLOGIES FOR EXTRACTION AND PRODUCTION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS TO BE USED AS NUTRACEUTICALS AND FOOD INGREDIENTS, COMPR. REV. FOOD SCI. F, 12, PP. 5-23, (2013); PELLATI F., MASCOLO D., VENTURELLI A., BARBATO A., RIGHI D., CASTALDI P., (2017); TULLOCH A.P., BEESWAX-COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS, BEE WORLD, 61, PP. 47-62, (1980); CANCELA A., MACEIRAS R., URREJOLAS S., SANCHEZ A., MICROWAVE-ASSISTED TRANSESTERIFICATION OF MACROALGAE, ENERGIES, 5, PP. 862-871, (2012); BONADUCE I., COLOMBINI M.P., CHARACTERIZATION OF BEESWAX ION WORKS OF ART BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY AND PYROLYSIS-GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY PROCEDURES, J. CHROMATOGR. A, 1028, PP. 297-306, (2004)","F. PELLATI; DEPARTMENT OF LIFE SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF MODENA AND REGGIO EMILIA, MODENA, VIA G. CAMPI 103, 41125, ITALY; EMAIL: FEDERICA.PELLATI@UNIMORE.IT","ELSEVIER B.V.","ENGLISH","J. PHARM. BIOMED. ANAL.","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-85065100656","J PHARM BIOMED ANAL","ITALY;UNIVERSITY OF MODENA AND REGGIO EMILIA","NOTREPORTED;UNIVERSITY OF MODENA AND REGGIO EMILIA;NOTREPORTED",NA,"VENTURELLI A, 2019, J PHARM BIOMED ANAL","VENTURELLI A, 2019, J PHARM BIOMED ANAL"
"OLIARO-BOSSO S;CALCIO G E;MANTEGNA S;GIRAUDO E;MEDA C;VIOLA F;CRAVOTTO G","OLIARO-BOSSO, SIMONETTA (8953497300); CALCIO GAUDINO, EMANUELA (23488197200); MANTEGNA, STEFANO (22135571000); GIRAUDO, ENRICO (6701669477); MEDA, CLAUDIA (35100680300); VIOLA, FRANCA (7006847900); CRAVOTTO, GIANCARLO (7003394420)","REGULATION OF HMGCOA REDUCTASE ACTIVITY BY POLICOSANOL AND OCTACOSADIENOL A NEW SYNTHETIC ANALOGUE OF OCTACOSANOL",2009,"LIPIDS","44","9",63,"10.1007/s11745-009-3338-y","DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZA E TECNOLOGIA DEL FARMACO, UNIVERSITY OF TORINO, TORINO 10125, VIA GIURIA 9, ITALY;DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZA E TECNOLOGIA DEL FARMACO, UNIVERSITY OF TORINO, TORINO 10125, VIA GIURIA 9, ITALY;DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZA E TECNOLOGIA DEL FARMACO, UNIVERSITY OF TORINO, TORINO 10125, VIA GIURIA 9, ITALY;DEPARTMENT OF ONCOLOGICAL SCIENCES, SCHOOL OF MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY OF TORINO, CANDIOLO 10060, STR. PROVINCIALE 142, ITALY;DEPARTMENT OF ONCOLOGICAL SCIENCES, SCHOOL OF MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY OF TORINO, CANDIOLO 10060, STR. PROVINCIALE 142, ITALY;DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZA E TECNOLOGIA DEL FARMACO, UNIVERSITY OF TORINO, TORINO 10125, VIA GIURIA 9, ITALY;DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZA E TECNOLOGIA DEL FARMACO, UNIVERSITY OF TORINO, TORINO 10125, VIA GIURIA 9, ITALY","OCTACOSA-10,19-DIEN-1-OL IS A NEWLY SYNTHESIZED LONG-CHAIN ALCOHOL, AN UNSATURATED ANALOGUE OF 1-OCTACOSANOL, THE MAJOR COMPONENT OF POLICOSANOL, THE PURIFIED NATURAL MIXTURE OF DIFFERENT HIGHER ALIPHATIC ALCOHOLS OBTAINED FROM SUGARCANE WAX. OUR EFFICIENT SYNTHETIC PROTOCOL (FIVE STEPS WITH 50% OVERALL YIELD) IS WELL SUITED FOR GRAM SCALE PREPARATIONS AND A RAPID GENERATION OF ANALOGUES WITH DIFFERENT DEGREES OF UNSATURATION. BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL IN THE PREVENTION OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND THROMBOEMBOLIC DISORDERS HAVE BEEN REPORTED AND RELATED TO THE INHIBITION OF STEROL BIOSYNTHESIS POSSIBLY BY THE REGULATION OF THE ACTIVITY OF HMGCOA REDUCTASE MEDIATED BY AMP-DEPENDENT KINASE AMPK. WE HAVE COMPARED THE EFFECT OF OCTACOSADIENOL AND POLICOSANOL ON THE REGULATION OF HMGCOA REDUCTASE IN HUVEC AND HEPG2 HUMAN HEPATOMA CELLS. OCTACOSADIENOL WAS AS EFFECTIVE AS POLICOSANOL IN INHIBITING THE UPREGULATION OF HMGCOA REDUCTASE, IN INDUCING THE PHOSPHORYLATION OF AMPK AND IN DOWNREGULATING THE HMGCOA REDUCTASE MRNA. © 2009 AOCS.","AMPK PHOSPHORYLATION; HMGCOA REDUCTASE; LONG-CHAIN ALCOHOLS SYNTHESIS; OCTACOSADIENOL; OCTACOSANOL; POLICOSANOL","CELL LINE, TUMOR; CELLS, CULTURED; DOWN-REGULATION; ENZYME ACTIVATION; FATTY ALCOHOLS; HUMANS; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS; RNA, MESSENGER; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE KINASE; OCTACOSADIENOL; OCTACOSANOL; POLICOSANOL; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; ANGIOGENESIS; ARTICLE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENZYME ACTIVITY; ENZYME PHOSPHORYLATION; ENZYME REGULATION; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; SUGARCANE; THROMBOEMBOLISM","UNIVERSITY OF TURIN; REGIONE PIEMONTE","ACKNOWLEDGMENTS THE UNIVERSITY OF TURIN AND THE REGIONAL GOVERNMENT (REGIONE PIEMONTE: SINAPSI AND RICERCA SANITARIA FINAL-IZZATA 2007–2008) ARE WARMLY ACKNOWLEDGED FOR THE FINANCIAL SUPPORT.","HOUTZ R.L., RIES S.K., TOLBERT N.E., EFFECT OF TRIACONTANOL ON CHLAMYDOMONAS. II. SPECIFIC ACTIVITY OF RIBULOSE-BISPHOSPHATE CARBOXYLASE/OXYGENASE, RIBULOSE-BISPHOSPHATE CONCENTRATION, AND CHARACTERISTICS OF PHOTORESPIRATION, PLANT PHYSIOL, 79, PP. 365-370, (1985); LESNIAK A.P., HAUG A., RIES S.K., STIMULATION OF ATPASE ACTIVITY IN BARLEY (HORDEUM VULGARE) ROOT PLASMA MEMBRANE AFTER TREATMENT OF INTACT TISSUES AND CELL FREE EXTRACTS WITH TRIACONTANOL, PHYSIOL PLANT, 68, PP. 20-26, (1986); MC BRIDE P.T., CLARK I., KRUEGER G.G., EVALUATION OF TRIACONTANOL-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS AS ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS USING GUINEA PIG MODELS, J INVEST DERMATOL, 89, PP. 380-383, (1987); SAINT-JOHN M., MCNAUGHTON L., OCTACOSANOL INGESTION AND ITS EFFECTS ON METABOLIC RESPONSES TO SUBMAXIMAL CYCLE ERGOMETRY, REACTION TIME AND CHEST AND GRIP STRENGTH, INT CLIN NUTR REV, 6, PP. 81-87, (1986); OHIA Y., OHASHI K., MATSURA T., TOKUNAGA K., KITAGAWA A., YAMADA K., OCTACOSANOL ATTENUATES DISRUPTED HEPATIC REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES METABOLISM ASSOCIATED WITH ACUTE LIVER INJURY PROGRESSION IN RATS INTOXICATED WITH CARBON TETRACHLORIDE, J CLIN BIOCHEM NUTR, 42, PP. 118-125, (2008); 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WHICH IS MORE GENERALLY APPLICABLE, ANAL BIOCHEM, 83, PP. 346-356, (1977); ZANG M., ZUCCOLLO A., HOU X., NAGATA D., WALSH K., HERSCOVITZ H., BRECHER P., RUDERMAN N.B., COHEN R.A., AMP-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE IS REQUIRED FOR THE LIPID-LOWERING EFFECT OF METFORMIN IN INSULIN-RESISTANT HUMAN HEPG2 CELLS, J BIOL CHEM, 279, PP. 47898-47905, (2004); AVIVA P., SABIN C., MEDICAL STATISTICS AT A GLANCE, (2000); CRAVOTTO G., A PROCESS FOR PREPARING LONG CHAIN SATURATED OR UNSATURATED OXYGENATED COMPOUNDS, (2003); CRAVOTTO G., BINELLO A., MERIZZI G., AVOGADRO M., IMPROVING SOLVENT-FREE EXTRACTION OF POLICOSANOL FROM RICE BRAN BY HIGH-INTENSITY ULTRASOUND TREATMENT, EUR J LIPID SCI TECHNOL, 106, PP. 147-151, (2004); ZHOU G., MYERS R., LI Y., CHEN Y., SHEN X., FENYK-MELODY J., WU M., VENTRE J., DOEBBER T., FUJII N., MUSI N., HIRSHMAN M.F., GOODYEAR L.J., MOLLER D.E., ROLE OF AMP-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE IN MECHANISM OF METFORMIN ACTION, J CLIN INVEST, 108, PP. 1167-1174, (2001); LIVAK K.J., SCHMITTGEN T.D., ANALYSIS OF RELATIVE GENE EXPRESSION DATA USING REAL TIME QUANTITATIVE PCR AND THE 2<SUB>T</SUB>-DELTA DELTA C METHOD, METHODS, 25, PP. 402-408, (2001); GRAAF M.R., RICHEL D.J., VAN NOORDEN C.J.F., GUCHELAAR H.J., EFFECTS OF STATINS AND FARNESYLTRANSFERASE INHIBITORS ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND PROGRESSION OF CANCER, CANCER TREAT REV, 30, PP. 609-641, (2004); TANG C.H., CHIU Y.C., TAN T.W., YANG R.S., FU W.M., ADIPONECTIN ENHANCES IL-6 PRODUCTION IN HUMAN SYNOVIAL FIBROBLAST VIA AN ADIPOR1 RECEPTOR, AMPK, P38, AND NF-KB PATHWAY, J IMMUNOL, 179, PP. 5483-5492, (2007); ESCARCEGA R.O., FUENTES-ALEXANDRO S., GARCIA-CARRASCO M., GATICA A., ZAMORA A., THE TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR NUCLEAR FACTOR-KAPPA B AND CANCER, CLIN ONCOL, 19, PP. 154-161, (2007)","F. VIOLA; DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZA E TECNOLOGIA DEL FARMACO, UNIVERSITY OF TORINO, TORINO 10125, VIA GIURIA 9, ITALY; EMAIL: FRANCA.VIOLA@UNITO.IT","","ENGLISH","LIPIDS","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-70350227283","LIPIDS","UNIVERSITY OF TORINO;UNIVERSITY OF TORINO;UNIVERSITY OF TORINO;UNIVERSITY OF TORINO;UNIVERSITY OF TORINO;UNIVERSITY OF TORINO;UNIVERSITY OF TORINO","NOTREPORTED;UNIVERSITY OF TORINO;NOTREPORTED",NA,"OLIARO-BOSSO S, 2009, LIPIDS","OLIARO-BOSSO S, 2009, LIPIDS"
"DOBESH P;STACY Z;PERSSON E","DOBESH, PAUL P. (6701484199); STACY, ZACHARY A. (12773694200); PERSSON, EMILY L. (36710533600)","PHARMACOLOGIC THERAPY FOR INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION",2009,"PHARMACOTHERAPY","29","27",14,"10.1592/phco.29.5.526","COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA MEDICAL CENTER, OMAHA, NE, UNITED STATES, COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA MEDICAL CENTER, 986045 NEBRASKA MEDICAL CENTER, OMAHA, NE 68198-6045, UNITED STATES;ST. LOUIS COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, UNITED STATES, DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY, ST. LUKE'S HOSPITAL, CHESTERFIELD, MO, UNITED STATES;COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA MEDICAL CENTER, OMAHA, NE, UNITED STATES","PERIPHERAL ARTERY DISEASE, DEFINED AS ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN THE LOWER EXTREMITIES, AFFECTS NEARLY 8.5 MILLION PEOPLE IN THE UNITED STATES. DUE TO THE FREQUENT ASYMPTOMATIC MANIFESTATION OF PERIPHERAL ARTERY DISEASE, DIAGNOSIS MAY BE DELAYED AND ITS TRUE INCIDENCE UNDERESTIMATED. HOWEVER, SOME PATIENTS MAY EXPERIENCE ACHING PAIN, NUMBNESS, WEAKNESS, OR FATIGUE, A CONDITION TERMED INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION. PERIPHERAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS IS ASSOCIATED WITH CARDIOVASCULAR RISK AND PHYSICAL IMPAIRMENT; THEREFORE, TREATMENT GOALS ARE AIMED AT DECREASING CARDIOVASCULAR RISK, AS WELL AS IMPROVING QUALITY OF LIFE. LITTLE DEBATE EXISTS REGARDING THE MANAGEMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK REDUCTION, WHICH CONSISTS OF BOTH ANTIPLATELET THERAPY AND RISK FACTOR MODIFICATION. DESPITE RECENTLY PUBLISHED GUIDELINES, THE TREATMENT OF INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION IS LESS WELL ESTABLISHED AND THE MANAGEMENT REMAINS CONTROVERSIAL AND UNCERTAIN. EXERCISE REMAINS THE FIRST-LINE THERAPY FOR INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION; HOWEVER, PHARMACOLOGIC TREATMENT IS OFTEN NECESSARY. ALTHOUGH ONLY TWO PRESCRIPTION DRUGS HAVE BEEN APPROVED BY THE U.S. FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION FOR THE TREATMENT OF INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION, SEVERAL SUPPLEMENTS AND INVESTIGATIONAL AGENTS HAVE BEEN EVALUATED. THERAPEUTIC OPTIMIZATION SHOULD BALANCE THE ANTICIPATED IMPROVEMENTS IN QUALITY OF LIFE WITH THE POTENTIAL SAFETY RISKS.","ANGIOGENESIS.; BUFLOMEDIL; CILOSTAZOL; INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION; L-ARGININE; NAFTIDROFURYL; PAD; PENTOXIFYLLINE; PERIPHERAL ARTERY DISEASE; PROPIONYL-L-CARNITINE; STATINS","CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS; DRUGS, INVESTIGATIONAL; EXERCISE THERAPY; GUIDELINES AS TOPIC; HUMANS; INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION; META-ANALYSIS AS TOPIC; NAFRONYL; PENTOXIFYLLINE; PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASES; PYRROLIDINES; RISK FACTORS; TETRAZOLES; TREATMENT OUTCOME; ACENOCOUMAROL; ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; ARGININE; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; BUFLOMEDIL; CARNITINE; CILOSTAZOL; CLOPIDOGREL; CYANOCOBALAMIN; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; DIPYRIDAMOLE; DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID; FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR; FLUNARIZINE; FOLIC ACID; GINKGO BILOBA EXTRACT; HEARTBAR; ICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID; NAFTIDROFURYL; OMEGA 3 FATTY ACID; PENTOXIFYLLINE; PIPERANOMETOZINE; PLACEBO; POLICOSANOL; PROPIONYLCARNITINE; PROSTAGLANDIN E1; RAMIPRIL; SIMVASTATIN; TICLOPIDINE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; UNINDEXED DRUG; AFRICAN AMERICAN; AGE; ANGIOGENESIS; ANGIOPLASTY; ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX; BLEEDING; BRAIN HEMORRHAGE; CARDIOTOXICITY; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CHELATION THERAPY; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; DELAYED DIAGNOSIS; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIARRHEA; DIET SUPPLEMENTATION; DIZZINESS; DRUG ANTAGONISM; DRUG APPROVAL; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG MEGADOSE; DRUG METABOLISM; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; DYSPEPSIA; ECONOMIC ASPECT; FATIGUE; FLU LIKE SYNDROME; FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION; GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE; HEADACHE; HEART INFARCTION; HEART MUSCLE ISCHEMIA; HUMAN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; HYPERHOMOCYSTEINEMIA; HYPERTENSION; INCIDENCE; INDIGESTION; INSOMNIA; INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION; LIMB ISCHEMIA; LOOSE FECES; LOW DRUG DOSE; NAUSEA; NEUROTOXICITY; NONHUMAN; PAIN; PARESTHESIA; PHYSICAL DISEASE; POLYURIA; PRESCRIPTION; QUALITY OF LIFE; QUESTIONNAIRE; RACE; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK REDUCTION; SIDE EFFECT; SINGLE DRUG DOSE; SMOKING; STROKE; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; TREADMILL EXERCISE; TRIACYLGLYCEROL BLOOD LEVEL; VOMITING; WALKING; WEAKNESS; WEIGHT REDUCTION","","","BELCH J.J.F., TOPOL E.J., AGNELLI G., ET AL., CRITICAL ISSUES IN PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE DETECTION AND MANAGEMENT: A CALL TO ACTION, ARCH INTERN MED, 163, PP. 884-892, (2003); CRIQUI M.H., FRONEK A., BARRETT-CONNOR E., KLAUBER M.R., GABRIEL S., GOODMAN D., THE PREVALENCE OF PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE IN A DEFINED POPULATION, CIRCULATION, 71, PP. 510-515, (1985); MEIJER W.T., HOES A.W., RUTGERS D., ET AL., PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE IN THE ELDERLY: THE ROTTERDAM STUDY, ARTERIOSCLER THROMB VASC BIOL, 18, PP. 185-192, (1998); SELVIN E., ERLINGER T.P., PREVALENCE OF AND RISK FACTORS FOR PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE IN THE UNITED STATES: RESULTS FROM THE NATIONAL HEALTH AND NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY, 1999-2000, CIRCULATION, 110, PP. 738-743, (2004); HIRSCH A.T., CRIQUI M.H., TREAT-JACOBSON D., ET AL., PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE DETECTION, AWARENESS, AND TREATMENT IN PRIMARY CARE, JAMA, 286, PP. 1317-1324, (2001); 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P. DOBESH; COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA MEDICAL CENTER, 986045 NEBRASKA MEDICAL CENTER, OMAHA, NE 68198-6045, UNITED STATES; EMAIL: PDOBESH@UNMC.EDU","","ENGLISH","PHARMACOTHERAPY","REVIEW","ISI","2-S2.0-66249147909","PHARMACOTHERAPY","UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA MEDICAL CENTER;ST. LOUIS COLLEGE OF PHARMACY;UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA MEDICAL CENTER","NOTREPORTED;UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA MEDICAL CENTER;NOTREPORTED",NA,"DOBESH PP, 2009, PHARMACOTHERAPY","DOBESH PP, 2009, PHARMACOTHERAPY"
"JANIKULA M","JANIKULA, MARK (6506621687)","POLICOSANOL A NEW TREATMENT FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE",2002,"ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE REVIEW","7","14",58,"","TEMPE, AZ 85281, 1320 E LEMON ST, UNITED STATES","POLICOSANOL IS A MIXTURE OF ALCOHOLS ISOLATED AND PURIFIED FROM SUGAR CANE. RECENTLY, CUBAN RESEARCHERS FOUND 5-20 MG DAILY OF POLICOSANOL TO BE EFFECTIVE AT IMPROVING SERUM LIPID PROFILES. POLICOSANOL IS BELIEVED TO DECREASE TOTAL CHOLESTEROL (TC), LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN (LDL), AND INCREASE HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN (HDL) BY INHIBITING CHOLESTEROL SYNTHESIS AND INCREASING LDL PROCESSING. LIPID PROFILE IMPROVEMENTS ARE SEEN IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, TYPE 2 DIABETICS WITH HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN WITH HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, AND PATIENTS WITH COMBINED HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA AND ABNORMAL LIVER FUNCTION TESTS. ADDITIONALLY, POLICOSANOL HAS PERFORMED EQUAL TO OR BETTER THAN SIMVASTATIN, PRAVASTATIN, LOVASTATIN, PROBUCOL, OR ACIPIMOX WITH FEWER SIDE EFFECTS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA. POLICOSANOL ALSO DECREASES SEVERAL OTHER RISK FACTORS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE BY DECREASING LDL OXIDATION, PLATELET AGGREGATION, ENDOTHELIAL DAMAGE, AND SMOOTH MUSCLE CELL PROLIFERATION. FURTHERMORE, POLICOSANOL DECREASES PROGRESSION AND INCREASES REGRESSION OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE ASSESSED BY THALLIUM-LABELED MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION SCINTIGRAPHY (TL-MPS) AND DOPPLER-ULTRASOUND, AND DECREASES SYMPTOMS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE ASSESSED BY THE SPECIFIC ACTIVITY SCALE. IN POST-MARKETING STUDIES, ONLY 0.31 PERCENT OF PATIENTS HAVE HAD ADVERSE EVENTS. FURTHERMORE, IN ANIMAL TOXICITY STUDIES DOSES UP TO 1500 TIMES NORMAL HUMAN DOSES (ON THE BASIS OF BODY WEIGHT) HAVE SHOWN NO NEGATIVE EFFECTS ON CARCINOGENESIS, REPRODUCTION, GROWTH, AND DEVELOPMENT. HOWEVER, DESPITE THE POSITIVE RESEARCH ON POLICOSANOL ON CUBANS, POLICOSANOL PRODUCED IN CUBA IS NOT AVAILABLE IN THE UNITED STATES, AND ONLY CUBAN SUBJECTS HAVE BEEN STUDIED. FURTHER RESEARCH IS NEEDED TO DETERMINE IF THE SAME EFFECTS WILL BE OBTAINED IN U.S. POPULATIONS WITH NON-CUBAN PRODUCED POLICOSANOL.","","ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENTS; ANTILIPEMIC AGENTS; CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM; CHOLESTEROL, HDL; CHOLESTEROL, LDL; CUBA; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; FATTY ALCOHOLS; FEMALE; HEART DISEASES; HUMANS; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; MALE; POSTMENOPAUSE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS; SEX FACTORS; ACIPIMOX; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; MEVINOLIN; POLICOSANOL; PRAVASTATIN; PROBUCOL; SIMVASTATIN; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CHOLESTEROL SYNTHESIS; CLINICAL TRIAL; DISEASE ACTIVITY; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG MECHANISM; HUMAN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; LIPID METABOLISM; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; POSTMENOPAUSE; REVIEW; SIDE EFFECT","","","ARRUZAZABALA M.L., NOA M., MENENDEZ R., ET AL., PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON ATHEROSCLEROTIC LESIONS IN RABBITS WITH EXOGENOUS HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, BRAZ J MED BIOL RES, 33, PP. 835-840, (2000); HERNANDEZ F., ILLNAIT J., MAS R., ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON SERUM LIPID AND LIPOPROTEINS IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 51, PP. 568-575, (1992); PONS P., MAS R., ILLNAIT J., ET AL., EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF POLICOSANOL IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 52, PP. 507-513, (1992); ANEIROS E., CALDERON B., MAS R., ET AL., EFFECT OF SUCCESSIVE DOSE INCREASES OF POLICOSANOL ON THE LIPID PROFILE AND TOLERABILITY OF TREATMENT, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 54, PP. 304-312, (1993); PONS P., RODRIGUEZ M., MAS R., ET AL., ONE-YEAR EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF POLICOSANOL IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 55, PP. 1084-1092, (1994); PONS P., RODRIQUEZ M., ROBAINA C., ET AL., EFFECTS OF SUCCESSIVE DOSE INCREASES OF POLICOSANOL ON THE LIPID PROFILE OF PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA AND TOLERABILITY TO TREATMENT, INT J CLIN PHARMACOL RES, 14, PP. 27-33, (1994); CANETTI M., MOREIRA M., ILLNAIT J., ET AL., ONE-YEAR STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON LIPID PROFILE IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, ADV THER, 12, PP. 245-254, (1995); ANEIROS E., MAS R., CALDERON B., ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL IN LOWERING CHOLESTEROL LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 56, PP. 176-182, (1995); CASTANO G., MAS R., NODARSE M., ET AL., ONE-YEAR STUDY OF THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF POLICOSANOL (5 MG TWICE DAILY) IN THE TREATMENT OF TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 56, PP. 296-304, (1995); CANETTI M., MOREIRA M., MAS R., ET AL., A TWO-YEAR STUDY ON THE EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF POLICOSANOL IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERLIPOPROTEINAEMIA, INT J CLIN PHARMACOL RES, 15, PP. 159-165, (1995); CASTANO G., CANETTI M., MOREIRA M., ET AL., EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF POLICOSANOL IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA: A 12-MONTH STUDY, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 56, PP. 819-827, (1995); CASTANO G., TULA L., CANETTI M., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 57, PP. 691-699, (1996); BATISTA J., STUSSER R., SAEZ F., PEREZ B., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON HYPERLIPIDEMIA AND CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN MIDDLE-AGED PATIENTS. A 14-MONTH PILOT STUDY, INT J CLIN PHARMACOL THER, 34, PP. 134-137, (1996); MAS R., CASTANO G., ILLNAIT J., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA AND ADDITIONAL CORONARY RISK FACTORS, CLIN PHARMACOL THER, 65, PP. 439-447, (1999); CASTANO G., MAS R., FERNANDEZ J.C., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL IN OLDER PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA AND HIGH CORONARY RISK, J GERONTOL A BIOL SCI MED SCI, 56, (2001); CASTANO G., MAS R., FERNANDEZ L., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL 20 VERSUS 40 MG/DAY IN THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA: A 6-MONTH DOUBLE-BLIND STUDY, INT J CLIN PHARMACOL RES, 21, PP. 43-57, (2001); CRESPO N., ALVAREZ R., MAS R., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL ON PATIENTS WITH NON-INSULIN-DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS AND HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA: A PILOT STUDY, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 58, PP. 44-51, (1997); TORRES O., AGRAMONTE A.J., ILLNAIT J., ET AL., TREATMENT OF HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA IN NIDDM WITH POLICOSANOL, DIABETES CARE, 18, PP. 393-397, (1995); CRESPO N., ILLNAIT J., MAS R., ET AL., COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF POLICOSANOL AND LOVASTATIN IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA AND NONINSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS, INT J CLIN PHARMACOL RES, 29, PP. 117-127, (1999); CASTANO G., MAS R., FERNANDEZ L., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL ON POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, GYNECOL ENDOCRINOL, 14, PP. 187-195, (2000); MIRKIN A., MAS R., MARTINTO M., ET AL., EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF POLICOSANOL IN HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN, INT J CLIN PHARMACOL RES, 21, PP. 31-41, (2001); ZARDOYA R., TULA L., CASTANO G., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL ON HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC PATIENTS WITH ABNORMAL SERUM BIOCHEMICAL INDICATORS OF HEPATIC FUNCTION, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 57, PP. 568-577, (1996); ORTENSI G., GLADSTEIN J., VALLI H., TESONE P.A., A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF POLICOSANOL VERSUS SIMVASTATIN IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 58, PP. 390-401, (1997); ILLNAIT J., CASTANO G., MAS R., FERNANDEZ J.C., A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF POLICOSANOL AND SIMVASTATIN FOR TREATING TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CAN J CARDIOL, 13, (1997); BENITEZ M., ROMERO C., MAS R., ET AL., A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF POLICOSANOL VERSUS PRAVASTATIN IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 58, PP. 859-867, (1997); CASTANO G., MAS R., ARRUZAZABALA M.L., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL AND PRAVASTATIN ON LIPID PROFILE, PLATELET AGGREGATION AND ENDOTHELEMIA IN OLDER HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC PATIENTS, INT J CLIN PHARMACOL RES, 29, PP. 105-116, (1999); CASTANO G., MAS R., FERNANDEZ J.C., ET AL., EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF POLICOSANOL COMPARED WITH LOVASATIN IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA AND CONCOMITANT CORONARY RISK FACTORS, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 61, PP. 137-146, (2000); PONS P., ILLNAIT J., MAS R., ET AL., A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF POLICOSANOL VERSUS PROBUCOL IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 58, PP. 26-35, (1997); ALCOCER L., FERNANDEZ L., COMPOS E., MAS R., A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF POLICOSANOL VERSUS ACIPIMOX IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, INT J TISSUE REACT, 21, PP. 85-92, (1999); MENENDEZ R., FRAGA V., AMOR A.M., ET AL., ORAL ADMINISTRATION OF POLICOSANOL INHIBITS IN VITRO COPPER ION-INDUCED RAT LIPOPROTEIN PEROXIDATION, PHYSIOL BEHAV, 67, PP. 1-7, (1999); MENENDEZ R., MAS R., AMOR A.M., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL TREATMENT ON THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN (LDL) ISOLATED FROM HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS TO OXIDATIVE MODIFICATION IN VITRO, BR J CLIN PHARMACOL, 50, PP. 255-262, (2000); CARBAJAL D., ARRUZAZABALA M.L., VALDES S., MAS R., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON PLATELET AGGREGATION AND SERUM LEVELS OF ARACHIDONIC ACID METABOLITES IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, PROSTAGLANDINS LEUKOT ESSENT FATTY ACIDS, 58, PP. 61-64, (1998); VALDES S., ARRUZAZABALA M.L., FERNANDEZ L., ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON PLATELET AGGREGATION IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, INT J CLIN PHARMACOL RES, 16, PP. 67-72, (1996); ARRUZAZABALA M.L., VALDES S., MAS R., ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL SUCCESSIVE DOSE INCREASES ON PLATELET AGGREGATION IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, PHARMACOL RES, 34, PP. 181-185, (1996); ARRUZAZABALA MIL VALDES S., MAS R., ET AL., COMPARATIVE STUDY OF POLICOSANOL, ASPIRIN AND THE COMBINATION THERAPY POLICOSANOL-ASPIRIN ON PLATELET AGGREGATION IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, PHARMACOL RES, 36, PP. 293-297, (1997); ARRUZAZABALA M.L., MAS R., MOLINA V., ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON PLATELET AGGREGATION IN TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC PATIENTS, INT J TISSUE REACT, 20, PP. 119-124, (1998); NOA M., MAS R., MESA R., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON INTIMAL THICKENING IN RABBIT CUFFED CAROTID ARTERY, INT J CARDIOL, 67, PP. 125-132, (1998); NOA M., MAS R., MESA R., A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF POLICOSANOL VS. LOVASTATIN ON INTIMAL THICKENING IN RABBIT CUFFED CAROTID ARTERY, PHARMACOL RES, 43, PP. 31-37, (2001); BATISTA J., STRUSSER R., PADRON R., ET AL., FUNCTIONAL IMPROVEMENT IN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE AFTER 20 MONTHS OF LIPID-LOWERING THERAPY WITH POLICOSANOL, ADV THER, 13, PP. 137-148, (1996); STUSSER R., BATISTA J., PADRON R., ET AL., LONG-TERM THERAPY WITH POLICOSANOL IMPROVES TREADMILL EXERCISE-ECG TESTING PERFORMANCE OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE PATIENTS, INT J CLIN PHARMACOL THER, 36, PP. 469-473, (1998); BATISTA J., STUSSER R., PENICHET M., UGUET E., DOPPLER-ULTRASOUND PILOT STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF LONG-TERM POLICOSANOL THERAPY ON CAROTIDVERTEBRAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 56, PP. 906-914, (1995); GOLDMAN L., HASHIMOTO B., COOK E.F., LOSCALZO A., COMPARATIVE REPRODUCIBILITY AND VALIDITY OF SYSTEMS FOR ASSESSING CARDIOVASCULAR FUNCTIONAL CLASS: ADVANTAGES OF A NEW SPECIFIC ACTIVITY SCALE, CIRCULATION, 64, PP. 1227-1234, (1981); CASTANO G., MAS R., FERNANDEZ J.C., ET AL., A LONG-TERM, OPEN-LABEL STUDY OF THE EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF POLICOSANOL IN PATIENTS WITH HIGH GLOBAL CORONARY RISK, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 60, PP. 379-391, (1999); CASTANO G., MAS R., ROCA J., ET AL., A DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL IN PATIENTS WITH INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION, ANGIOLOGY, 50, PP. 123-130, (1999); CASTANO G., MAS FERREIRO R., FERNANDEZ L., ET AL., A LONG-TERM STUDY OF POLICOSANOL IN THE TREATMENT OF INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION, ANGIOLOGY, 52, PP. 115-125, (2001); MENENDEZ R., AMOR A.M., GONZALEZ R.M., ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON THE HEPATIC CHOLESTEROL BIOSYNTHESIS OF NORMOCHOLESTEROLEMIC RATS, BIOL RES, 29, PP. 253-257, (1996); MENENDEZ R., AMOR A.M., RODEIRO I., ET AL., POLICOSANOL MODULATES HMG-COA REDUCTASE ACTIVITY IN CULTURED FIBROBLASTS, ARCH MED RES, 32, PP. 8-12, (2001); MENENDEZ R., FERNANDEZ S.I., DEL RIO A., ET AL., POLICOSANOL INHIBITS CHOLESTEROL BIOSYNTHESIS AND ENHANCES LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN PROCESSING IN CULTURED HUMAN FIBROBLASTS, BIOL RES, 27, PP. 199-203, (1994); FERNANDEZ L., MAS R., ILLNAIT J., FERNANDEZ J.C., POLICOSANOL: RESULTS OF A POSTMARKETING SURVEILLANCE STUDY OF 27,879 PATIENTS, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 59, PP. 717-722, (1998); MAS R., RIVAS P., IZQUIERDO J., ET AL., PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDY OF POLICOSANOL, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP, 60, PP. 458-467, (1999); ALEMAN C.L., MAS R., HERNANDEZ C., ET AL., A 12-MONTH STUDY OF POLICOSANOL ORAL TOXICITY IN SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS, TOXICOL LETT, 70, PP. 77-87, (1994); ALEMAN C.L., MAS FERREIRO R., NOA PUIG M., ET AL., CARCINOGENICITY OF POLICOSANOL IN SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS: A 24 MONTH STUDY, TERATOG CARCINOG MUTAGEN, 14, PP. 239-249, (1994); MESA A.R., MAS R., NOA M., ET AL., TOXICITY OF POLICOSANOL IN BEAGLE DOGS: ONE-YEAR STUDY, TOXICOL LETT, 73, PP. 81-90, (1994); RODRIGUEZ-ECHENIQUE C., MESA R., MAS R., ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL CHRONICALLY ADMINISTERED IN MALE MONKEYS (MACACA ARCTOIDES), FOOD CHEM TOXICOL, 32, PP. 565-575, (1994); ALEMAN C.L., PUIG M.N., ELIAS E.C., ET AL., CARCINOGENICITY OF POLICOSANOL IN MICE: AN 18-MONTH STUDY, FOOD CHEM TOXICOL, 33, PP. 573-578, (1995); RODRIGUEZ M.D., GARCIA H., EVALUATION OF PERI- AND POST-NATAL TOXICITY OF POLICOSANOL IN RATS, TERATOG CARCINOG MUTAGEN, 18, PP. 1-7, (1998); RODRIGUEZ M.D., GARCIA H., TERATOGENIC AND REPRODUCTIVE STUDIES OF POLICOSANOL IN THE RAT AND RABBIT, TERATOG CARCINOG MUTAGEN, 14, PP. 107-113, (1994); RODRIGUEZ M.D., SANCHEZ M., GARCIA H., MULTIGENERATION REPRODUCTION STUDY OF POLICOSANOL IN RATS, TOXICOL LETT, 90, PP. 97-106, (1997)","M. JANIKULA; TEMPE, AZ 85281, 1320 E LEMON ST, UNITED STATES; EMAIL: MDJANIKULA@HOTMAIL.COM","","ENGLISH","ALTERN. MED. REV.","REVIEW","ISI","2-S2.0-0036304788","ALTERN MED REV",NA,"NOTREPORTED;NOTREPORTED;NOTREPORTED",NA,"JANIKULA M, 2002, ALTERN MED REV","JANIKULA M, 2002, ALTERN MED REV"
"BATISTA J;STÜSSER R;PENICHET M;UGUET E","BATISTA, JUAN (7005814235); STÜSSER, RODOLFO (6602973165); PENICHET, MANUEL (36858021400); UGUET, ENRIQUE (18736551200)","DOPPLERULTRASOUND PILOT STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF LONGTERM POLICOSANOL THERAPY ON CAROTIDVERTEBRAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS",1995,"CURRENT THERAPEUTIC RESEARCH","56","8",12,"10.1016/0011-393X(95)85094-5","CLINICAL RESEARCH CENTER, HAVANA UNIVERSITY, HAVANA, CUBA;CLINICAL RESEARCH CENTER, HAVANA UNIVERSITY, HAVANA, CUBA;CLINICAL RESEARCH CENTER, HAVANA UNIVERSITY, HAVANA, CUBA;ENRIQUE CABRERA NATIONAL HOSPITAL, HAVANA UNIVERSITY, HAVANA, CUBA","THIS PILOT STUDY WAS CONDUCTED TO DOCUMENT THE BENEFICIAL LIPID-LOWERING EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON HEMODYNAMIC CAROTID-VERTEBRAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS (CVA) ABNORMALITIES. TWENTY-TWO PATIENTS WITH MILD CVA, INCLUDING 12 PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERLIPIDEMIA, WERE ENROLLED IN THIS RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, PHASE II, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL. ELEVEN PATIENTS RECEIVED 5 MG OF ORAL POLICOSANOL TWICE DAILY, AND 11 PATIENTS RECEIVED PLACEBO TWICE DAILY; ALL PATIENTS WERE TREATED FOR 1 YEAR. FIVE FUNCTIONAL DOPPLER-ULTRASOUND FLOW PARAMETERS WERE MEASURED ON SIX ARTERIES PER PATIENT AND CLASSIFIED BY USING AN OBJECTIVE RESPONSE SYSTEM. IN THE POLICOSANOL GROUP, PROGRESSION AND STABILIZATION OF DISEASE WERE ABSENT, MIXED RESPONSE WAS LOWER, AND REGRESSION WAS SIX TIMES MORE FREQUENT (6 OF 11 PATIENTS); THESE FINDINGS WERE NOT STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT COMPARED WITH THE PLACEBO GROUP (P = 0.06). THE PROGRESSION/REGRESSION (P:R) RATIO IN THE POLICOSANOL GROUP HAD A MEAN (0.5) TWO TIMES LOWER THAN THAT IN THE CONTROL GROUP (1.2) (P = 0.03). THE DECREASE IN THE P:R RATIO WAS ASSOCIATED INDEPENDENTLY WITH A MODERATE PERCENT REDUCTION OF THE LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL:HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL RATIO. ALTHOUGH THE SAMPLE SIZE AND 1-YEAR FOLLOW-UP DO NOT ALLOW CONCLUSIONS TO BE DRAWN, THESE RESULTS SUGGEST THAT POLICOSANOL, IN COMBINATION WITH A LOW-FAT DIET, IMPROVES HEMODYNAMIC ABNORMALITIES IN PATIENTS WITH MILD CVA AND NORMAL LIPID LEVELS OR TYPE II HYPERLIPIDEMIA. © 1995.","","ALKANOL; ANTILIPEMIC AGENT; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; LIPID; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; PLACEBO; POLICOSANOL; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CAROTID ARTERY; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIET; DOPPLER FLOWMETRY; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG RESPONSE; FEMALE; HEMODYNAMICS; HUMAN; HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA TYPE 2; MALE; ORAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; PHASE 2 CLINICAL TRIAL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; VERTEBRAL ARTERY","","","BLANKENHORN, REGRESSION OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS WHAT DOES IT MEAN?, THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, 90, PP. 42S-47S, (1991); CASHIN-HEMPHILL, FEMORAL AND CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHIC TRIALS, THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY, 71, PP. 20B-25B, (1993); SUPERKO, KRAUSS, CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE REGRESSION CONVINCING EVIDENCE FOR THE BENEFIT OF AGGRESSIVE LIPOPROTEIN MANAGEMENT, CIRCULATION, 90, PP. 1056-1069, (1994); LEVINE, KEANEY, VITA, CHOLESTEROL REDUCTION IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE. CLINICAL BENEFITS AND POSSIBLE MECHANISMS, NEJM, 332, PP. 512-520, (1995); HENNERICI, KLEOPHAS, GRIESW, REGRESSION OF CAROTID PLAQUES DURING LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL ELIMINATION, STROKE, 22, PP. 989-992, (1991); BLANKENHORN, SELZER, CRAWFORD, ET AL., BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF COLESTIPOL-NIACIN THERAPY ON THE COMMON CAROTID ARTERY, CIRCULATION, 88, PP. 20-28, (1993); FURBERG, ADAMS, APPLEGATE, ET AL., EFFECT OF LOVASTATIN ON EARLY CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS, CIRCULATION, 90, PP. 1679-1687, (1994); RODRIGUEZ-ECHENIQUE, MESA, MAS, EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL CHRONICALLY ADMINISTERED IN MALE MONKEYS (MACACA ARCTOIDES), FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY, 32, PP. 565-575, (1994); HERNANDEZ, ILLNAIT, MAS, EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON SERUM LIPIDS AND LIPOPROTEINS IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, CURR THER RES, 51, PP. 568-575, (1992); PONS, MAS, ILNAIT, EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF POLICOSANOL IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES, 52, PP. 507-513, (1992); NOA, ILERRERA, MAS, EFFECT OF ATEROMIXOL (POLICOSANOL) ON ENDOTHELIAL INJURY IN RATS, REV CENIC CIENC BIOL, 22, PP. 79-80, (1991); ARRUZAZABALA, CARBAJAL, MAS, ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL ON PLATELET AGGREGATION IN RATS, THROMB RES, 69, PP. 321-327, (1993); SPENCER, REID, QUANTITATION OF CAROTID STENOSIS WITH CONTINUOUS WAVE (CW) DOPPLER ULTRASOUND, STROKE, 10, PP. 326-330, (1979); GOHLKE, EFFECT OF THE LDL/HDL-CHOLESTEROL QUOTIENT ON PROGRESSION AND REGRESSION OF ARTERIOSCLEROTIC LESIONS. AN ANALYSIS OF CONTROLLED ANGIOGRAPHIC INTERVENTION STUDIES, WIEN KLIN WOCHENSCHR, 104, PP. 309-313, (1992); PRATI, VANUZZO, CASAROLI, ET AL., PREVALENCE AND DETERMINANTS OF CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN A GENERAL POPULATION, STROKE, 23, PP. 1705-1711, (1992); HOMER, INGALL, BAKER, ET AL., SERUM LIPIDS AND LIPOPROTEINS ARE LESS POWERFUL PREDICTORS OF EXTRACRANIAL CAROTID ARTERY ATHEROSCLEROSIS THAN ARE CIGARETTE SMOKING AND HYPERTENSION, MAYO CLIN PROC, 66, PP. 259-267, (1991); BENZULY, PADGETT, SANJAY, ET AL., FUNCTIONAL IMPROVEMENT PRECEDES STRUCTURAL REGRESSION OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS, CIRCULATION, 89, PP. 1810-1818, (1994); SACKS, PASTERNAK, GIBSON, ET AL., THE EFFECT ON CORONARY ARTERY STENOSIS OF INTENSIVE PHARMACOLOGIC STEP THERAPY TO IMPROVE LDL AND HDL IN PATIENTS WITH NORMAL LIPID LEVELS, CIRCULATION, 86, PP. I-743, (1992); BARTH, ARNTZENIUS, PROGRESSION AND REGRESSION OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS, WHAT ROLES FOR LDL-CHOLESTEROL AND HDL-CHOLESTEROL: A PERSPECTIVE, EUR HEART J, 12, PP. 952-957, (1991)","","","ENGLISH","CURR. THER. RES. CLIN. EXP.","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-0029028857","CURR THER RES CLIN EXP",NA,"NOTREPORTED",NA,"BATISTA J, 1995, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP","BATISTA J, 1995, CURR THER RES CLIN EXP"
"AFFUSO F;RUVOLO A;MICILLO F;SACCÀ L;FAZIO S","AFFUSO, F. (22956768300); RUVOLO, A. (22958699100); MICILLO, F. (25031762500); SACCÀ, L. (36979922300); FAZIO, S. (56212339900)","EFFECTS OF A NUTRACEUTICAL COMBINATION BERBERINE RED YEAST RICE AND POLICOSANOLS ON LIPID LEVELS AND ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION RANDOMIZED DOUBLEBLIND PLACEBOCONTROLLED STUDY",2010,"NUTRITION, METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES","20","5",114,"10.1016/j.numecd.2009.05.017","DEPARTMENT OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, CARDIOVASCULAR AND IMMUNOLOGIC SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF NAPLES FEDERICO II, 80131 NAPLES, VIA S. PANSINI 5, ITALY;DEPARTMENT OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, CARDIOVASCULAR AND IMMUNOLOGIC SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF NAPLES FEDERICO II, 80131 NAPLES, VIA S. PANSINI 5, ITALY;DEPARTMENT OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, CARDIOVASCULAR AND IMMUNOLOGIC SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF NAPLES FEDERICO II, 80131 NAPLES, VIA S. PANSINI 5, ITALY;DEPARTMENT OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, CARDIOVASCULAR AND IMMUNOLOGIC SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF NAPLES FEDERICO II, 80131 NAPLES, VIA S. PANSINI 5, ITALY;DEPARTMENT OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, CARDIOVASCULAR AND IMMUNOLOGIC SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF NAPLES FEDERICO II, 80131 NAPLES, VIA S. PANSINI 5, ITALY","BACKGROUND AND AIMS: SOME NUTRACEUTICALS ARE PRESCRIBED AS LIPID-LOWERING SUBSTANCES. HOWEVER, DOUBTS REMAIN ABOUT THEIR EFFICACY. WE EVALUATED THE EFFECTS OF A NUTRACEUTICAL COMBINATION (NC), CONSISTING OF 500. MG BERBERINE, 200. MG RED YEAST RICE AND 10. MG POLICOSANOLS, ON CHOLESTEROL LEVELS AND ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA. METHODS AND RESULTS: IN THIS SINGLE CENTRE, RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED STUDY, 50 HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC PATIENTS (26 MALES AND 24 FEMALES, MEAN AGE 55 ± 7 YEARS, TOTAL CHOLESTEROL 6.55 ± 0.75. MMOL/L, BMI 28 ± 3.5) WERE RANDOMIZED TO 6 WEEKS OF TREATMENT WITH A DAILY ORAL DOSE OF NC (25 PATIENTS) OR PLACEBO (25 PATIENTS). IN A SUBSEQUENT OPEN-LABEL EXTENSION OF 4 WEEKS, THE WHOLE SAMPLE RECEIVED NC. THE MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE WAS DECREASE TOTAL CHOLESTEROL (C) LEVELS IN THE NC ARM. SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES WERE DECREASED LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL (LDL-C) AND TRIGLYCERIDE LEVELS, AND IMPROVED ENDOTHELIAL-DEPENDENT FLOW-MEDIATED DILATION (FMD) AND INSULIN SENSITIVITY IN RELATION TO NC. EVALUATION OF ABSOLUTE CHANGES FROM BASELINE SHOWED SIGNIFICANT REDUCTIONS IN NC VERSUS PLACEBO FOR C AND LDL-C (C: -1.14 ± 0.88 AND -0.03 ± 0.78. MMOL/L, P< 0.001; LDL-C: -1.06 ± 0.75 AND -00.4 ± 0.54. MMOL/L, P< 0.001), AND A SIGNIFICANT IMPROVEMENT OF FMD (3 ± 4% AND 0 ± 3% RESPECTIVELY, P< 0.05). AFTER THE EXTENSION PHASE, TRIGLYCERIDE LEVELS DECREASED SIGNIFICANTLY FROM 1.57 ± 0.77 TO 1.26 ± 0.63. MMOL/L, P< 0.05 AND INSULIN SENSITIVITY IMPROVED IN A PATIENT SUBGROUP WITH INSULIN RESISTANCE AT BASELINE (HOMA: FROM 3.3 ± 0.4 TO 2.5 ± 1.3, P< 0.05). NO ADVERSE EFFECT WAS REPORTED. CONCLUSIONS: THIS NC REDUCES CHOLESTEROL LEVELS. THE REDUCTION IS ASSOCIATED WITH IMPROVED ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION AND INSULIN SENSITIVITY. © 2009 ELSEVIER B.V.","ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION; HYPERLIPIDEMIA; INSULIN RESISTANCE; NUTRACEUTICAL","ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENTS; BERBERINE; BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS; CHOLESTEROL; CHOLESTEROL, LDL; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; ENDOTHELIUM, VASCULAR; FATTY ALCOHOLS; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; INSULIN RESISTANCE; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PLACEBOS; TRIGLYCERIDES; BERBERINE; BIOLOGICAL PRODUCT; CHOLESTEROL; CHOLESTIN; FATTY ALCOHOL; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; HYPOCHOLESTEROLEMIC AGENT; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; PLACEBO; POLICOSANOL; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; ARTICLE; BLOOD; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIET SUPPLEMENTATION; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; FEMALE; HUMAN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; INSULIN RESISTANCE; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM","ROTTAPHARM SPA","THIS STUDY WAS SUPPORTED BY ROTTAPHARM SPA (MONZA, ITALY) THAT SUPPLIED THE DRUG AND PLACEBO. WE ARE GRATEFUL TO JEAN ANN GILDER FOR TEXT EDITING.","ROSAMOND W., FLEGAL K., FURIE K., GO A., GREENLUND K., HAASE N., ET AL., AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION STATISTICS COMMITTEE AND STROKE STATISTICS SUBCOMMITTEE. HEART DISEASE AND STROKE STATISTICS 2008 UPDATE: A REPORT FROM THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION STATISTICS COMMITTEE AND STROKE STATISTICS SUBCOMMITTEE, CIRCULATION, 117, (2008); ENDEMANN D.H., SCHIFFRIN E.L., ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION, J AM SOC NEPHROL, 15, PP. 1983-1992, (2004); HENRY P.D., CABELLO O.A., CHEN C.H., HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA AND ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION, CURR OPIN LIPIDOL, 6, PP. 190-195, (1995); MARTINEZ-GONZALEZ J., RAPOSO B., RODRIGUEZ C., BADIMON L., 3-HYDROXY-3-METHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITION PREVENTS ENDOTHELIAL NO SYNTHASE DOWNREGULATION BY ATHEROGENIC LEVELS OF NATIVE LDLS: BALANCE BETWEEN TRANSCRIPTIONAL AND POSTTRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION, ARTERIOSCLER THROMB VASC BIOL, 21, PP. 804-809, (2001); MONTAGNANI M., RAVICHANDRAN L.V., CHEN H., ESPOSITO D.L., QUON M.J., INSULIN RECEPTOR SUBSTRATE-1 AND PHOSPHOINOSITIDE-DEPENDENT KINASE-1 ARE REQUIRED FOR INSULIN-STIMULATED PRODUCTION OF NITRIC OXIDE IN ENDOTHELIAL CELLS, MOL ENDOCRINOL, 16, PP. 1931-1942, (2002); THIRD REPORT OF THE NATIONAL CHOLESTEROL EDUCATION PROGRAM (NCEP) EXPERT PANEL ON DETECTION, EVALUATION, AND TREATMENT OF HIGH BLOOD CHOLESTEROL IN ADULTS (ADULT TREATMENT PANEL III) FINAL REPORT, CIRCULATION, 106, PP. 3143-3421, (2002); NISSEN S.E., TUZCU E.M., SCHOENHAGEN P., CROWE T., SASIELA J.W., TSAI J., ET AL., REVERSAL OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS WITH AGGRESSIVE LIPID LOWERING (REVERSAL) INVESTIGATORS. STATIN THERAPY, LDL CHOLESTEROL, C-RACTIVE PROTEIN, AND CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE, N ENGL J MED, 352, PP. 29-38, (2005); KAMAL-BAHL S.J., BURKE T., WATSON D., WENTWORTH C., DISCONTINUATION OF LIPID MODIFYING DRUGS AMONG COMMERCIALLY INSURED UNITED STATES PATIENTS IN RECENT CLINICAL PRACTICE, AM J CARDIOL, 99, PP. 530-534, (2007); SCHULTZ J.S., O'DONNELL J.C., MCDONOUGH K.L., SASANE R., MEYER J., DETERMINANTS OF COMPLIANCE WITH STATIN THERAPY AND LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL GOAL ATTAINMENT IN A MANAGED CARE POPULATION, AM J MANAG CARE, 11, PP. 306-312, (2005); CASPARD H., CHAN A.K., WALKER A.M., COMPLIANCE WITH A STATIN TREATMENT IN A USUAL-CARE SETTING: RETROSPECTIVE DATABASE ANALYSIS OVER 3 YEARS AFTER TREATMENT INITIATION IN HEALTH MAINTENANCE ORGANIZATION ENROLLEES WITH DYSLIPIDEMIA, CLIN THER, 27, PP. 1639-1646, (2005); CHEN J.T., WESLEY R., SHAMBUREK R.D., PUCINO F., CSAKO G., META-ANALYSIS OF NATURAL THERAPIES FOR HYPERLIPIDEMIA: PLANT STEROLS AND STANOLS VERSUS POLICOSANOL, PHARMACOTHERAPY, 25, PP. 171-183, (2005); HEBER D., YIP I., ASHLEY J.M., ELASHOFF D.A., ELASHOFF R.M., GO V.L., CHOLESTEROL-LOWERING EFFECTS OF A PROPRIETARY CHINESE RED-YEAST-RICE DIETARY SUPPLEMENT, AM J CLIN NUTR, 69, PP. 231-236, (1999); ZHANG Y., LI X., ZOU D., LIU W., YANG J., ZHU N., ET AL., TREATMENT OF TYPE 2 DIABETES AND DYSLIPIDEMIA WITH THE NATURAL PLANT ALKALOID BERBERINE, J CLIN ENDOCRINOL METAB, 93, 7, PP. 2559-2565, (2008); XU M.G., WANG J.M., CHEN L., WANG Y., YANG Z., TAO J., BERBERINE-INDUCED UPREGULATION OF CIRCULATING ENDOTHELIAL PROGENITOR CELLS IS RELATED TO NITRIC OXIDE PRODUCTION IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS, CARDIOLOGY, 112, PP. 279-286, (2008); LEE Y.S., KIM W.S., KIM K.H., YOON M.J., CHO H.J., SHEN Y., ET AL., BERBERINE, A NATURAL PLANT PRODUCT, ACTIVATES AMP-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE WITH BENEFICIAL METABOLIC EFFECTS IN DIABETIC AND INSULIN-RESISTANT STATES, DIABETES, 55, PP. 2256-2264, (2006); CORRETTI M.C., ANDERSON T.J., BENJAMIN E.J., CELERMAJER D., CHARBONNEAU F., CREAGER M.A., ET AL., INTERNATIONAL BRACHIAL ARTERY REACTIVITY TASK FORCE. GUIDELINES FOR THE ULTRASOUND ASSESSMENT OF ENDOTHELIAL-DEPENDENT FLOW-MEDIATED VASODILATION OF THE BRACHIAL ARTERY: A REPORT OF THE INTERNATIONAL BRACHIAL ARTERY REACTIVITY TASK FORCE, J AM COLL CARDIOL, 39, PP. 257-265, (2002); MCAULEY K.A., WILLIAMS S.M., MANN J.I., WALKER R.J., LEWIS-BARNED N.J., TEMPLE L.A., ET AL., DIAGNOSING INSULIN RESISTANCE IN THE GENERAL POPULATION, DIABETES CARE, 24, 3, PP. 460-464, (2001); MATSUDA M., DEFRONZO M.R.A., INSULIN SENSITIVITY INDICES OBTAINED FROM ORAL GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TESTING: COMPARISON WITH THE EUGLICEMIC CLAMP, DIABETES CARE, 22, PP. 1462-1470, (1999); CICERO A.F., ROVATI L.C., SETNIKAR I., EULIPIDEMIC EFFECTS OF BERBERINE ADMINISTERED ALONE OR IN COMBINATION WITH OTHER NATURAL CHOLESTEROL-LOWERING AGENT. A SINGLE BLIND CLINICAL INVESTIGATION, ARZNEIMITTEL-FORSHUNG, 57, PP. 26-30, (2007); KONG W., WEI J., ABIDI P., LIN M., INABA S., LI C., ET AL., BERBERINE IS A NOVEL CHOLESTEROL-LOWERING DRUG WORKING THROUGH A UNIQUE MECHANISM DISTINCT FROM STATINS, NAT MED, 10, PP. 1344-1351, (2004); BRUSQ J.M., ANCELLIN N., GRONDIN P., GUILLARD P., MARTIN S., SAINTILLAN Y., ET AL., INHIBITION OF LIPID SYNTHESIS THROUGH ACTIVATION OF AMP-KINASE: AN ADDITIONAL MECHANISM FOR THE HYPOLIPIDEMIC EFFECTS OF BERBERINE, J LIPID RES, 47, PP. 1281-1288, (2006); SINGH D.K., LI L., PORTER T.D., POLICOSANOL INHIBITS CHOLESTEROL SYNTHESIS IN HEPATOMA CELLS BY ACTIVATION OF AMP-KINASE, J PHARMACOL EXP THER, 318, PP. 1020-1026, (2006); JOURNOUD M., JONES P.J., RED YEAST RICE: A NEW HYPOLIPIDEMIC DRUG, LIFE SCI, 74, PP. 2675-2683, (2004); KONG W.J., ZHANG H., SONG D.Q., XUE R., ZHAO W., WEI J., ET AL., BERBERINE REDUCES INSULIN RESISTANCE THROUGH PROTEIN KINASE C-DEPENDENT UP-REGULATION OF INSULIN RECEPTOR EXPRESSION, METABOLISM, 58, PP. 109-119, (2009); LIU J., ZHANG J., SHI Y., GRIMSGAARD S., ALRAEK T., FONNEBO V., CHINESE RED YEAST RICE (MONASCUS PURPUREUS) FOR PRIMARY HYPERLIPIDEMIA: A META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS, CHINAS MED, 1, (2006); GOUNI-BERTHOLD I., BERTHOLD H.K., POLICOSANOL: CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF A NEW LIPID-LOWERING AGENT, AM HEART J, 143, PP. 356-365, (2002); BERTHOLD H.K., UNVERDORBEN S., DEGENHARDT R., BULITTA M., GOUNI-BERTHOLD I., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON LIPID LEVELS AMONG PATIENTS WITH HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA OR COMBINED HYPERLIPIDEMIA: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL, J AM MED ASSOC, 295, PP. 2262-2269, (2006); KASSIS A.N., JONES P.J., CHANGES IN CHOLESTEROL KINETICS FOLLOWING SUGAR CANE POLICOSANOL SUPPLEMENTATION: A RANDOMIZED CONTROL TRIAL, LIPIDS HEALTH DIS, 30, PP. 7-17, (2008)","S. FAZIO; DEPARTMENT OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, CARDIOVASCULAR AND IMMUNOLOGIC SCIENCES UNIV. FEDERICO II, 80131 NAPOLI, VIA S. PANSINI 5, ITALY; EMAIL: FAZIO@UNINA.IT","","ENGLISH","NUTR. METAB. CARDIOVASC. DIS.","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-78049406766","NUTR METAB CARDIOVASC DIS","UNIVERSITY OF NAPLES FEDERICO II;UNIVERSITY OF NAPLES FEDERICO II;UNIVERSITY OF NAPLES FEDERICO II;UNIVERSITY OF NAPLES FEDERICO II;UNIVERSITY OF NAPLES FEDERICO II","NOTREPORTED;CARDIOVASCULAR AND IMMUNOLOGIC SCIENCES UNIV. FEDERICO II;NOTREPORTED",NA,"AFFUSO F, 2010, NUTR METAB CARDIOVASC DIS","AFFUSO F, 2010, NUTR METAB CARDIOVASC DIS"
"CRAVOTTO G;BINELLO A;MERIZZI G;AVOGADRO M","CRAVOTTO, GIANCARLO (7003394420); BINELLO, ARIANNA (6603442129); MERIZZI, GIANFRANCO (6505601363); AVOGADRO, MILVIO (23048781900)","IMPROVING SOLVENTFREE EXTRACTION OF POLICOSANOL FROM RICE BRAN BY HIGHINTENSITY ULTRASOUND TREATMENT",2004,"EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF LIPID SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY","106","4",61,"10.1002/ejlt.200300914","DIPTO. DI SCI. E TECN. DEL FARMACO, UNIVERSITÀ DI TORINO, TORINO, ITALY, DIPTO. DI SCI. E TECN. DEL FARMACO, UNIVERSITÈ DI TORINO, 10125 TORINO, VIA P. GIURIA 9, ITALY;DIPTO. DI SCI. E TECN. DEL FARMACO, UNIVERSITÀ DI TORINO, TORINO, ITALY;MEDESTEA RESEARCH AND PRODUCTION SRI, COLLERETTO GIACOSA (TO), ITALY;RICERCA E SVILUPPO RISO SCOTTI SPA, PAVIA, ITALY","RICE BRAN, A RICH SOURCE OF NUTRIENTS AND PHARMACOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPOUNDS, IS CURRENTLY DISCARDED OR USED AS LIVESTOCK FEED, ONLY SMALL AMOUNTS BEING EARMARKED FOR OIL PRODUCTION. OIL EXTRACTION CAN BE EFFICIENTLY PERFORMED IN 30 MIN UNDER HIGH-INTENSITY ULTRASOUND EITHER WITH HEXANE OR WITHOUT ANY ORGANIC SOLVENT, USING A BASIC AQUEOUS SOLUTION INSTEAD. UNDER SONOCHEMICAL CONDITIONS BRAN WAX CAN ALSO BE HYDROLYZED YIELDING POLICOSANOL (COMMON NAME FOR A MIXTURE OF C24-C34 LINEAR SATURATED FATTY ALCOHOLS). WE SUGGEST THAT WAX, A WASTE OF RICE OIL MANUFACTURE, SHOULD BE EXPLOITED TO RECOVER ITS ALCOHOLIC MOIETY THAT IS VERY RICH IN POLICOSANOL. QUANTITATIVE DATA ON EXTRACTION AND PURIFICATION OF POLICOSANOL ARE PRESENTED. BOTH THE FIRST BRAN FRACTION FROM RICE POLISHING AND THE DISCARDED WAX FROM THE MANUFACTURE OF RICE OIL ARE CONVENIENT AND PROFITABLE STARTING MATERIALS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF POLICOSANOL.","EXTRACTION UNDER HIGH-INTENSITY ULTRASOUND; POLICOSANOL; RICE OIL; RICE WAX; SONOCHEMICAL HYDROLYSIS","HEXANE; ORGANIC SOLVENT; POLICOSANOL; AQUEOUS SOLUTION; ARTICLE; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; EXTRACTION; HYDROLYSIS; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; RICE BRAN; ULTRASOUND","","","SAUNDERS R.M., RICE BRAN: COMPOSITION AND POTENTIAL FOOD USES, FOOD. REV. INT., 1, PP. 465-495, (1985); RUKMINI C., RAGHURAM T.C., NUTRITIONAL AND BIOCHEMICAL ASPECTS OF THE HYPOLIPIDEMIC ACTION OF RICE BRAN OIL - A REVIEW, J. AM. COLL. NUTR., 10, PP. 593-601, (1991); RAGHURAM T.C., BRAJMAJI R.U., RUKMINI C., STUDIES ON HYPOLIPIDEMIC EFFECTS OF DIETARY RICE BRAN OIL IN HUMAN SUBJECTS, NUTR. REP. INT., 39, PP. 889-895, (1989); ORTHOEFER F.T., RICE BRAN OIL: HEALTHY LIPID SOURCE, FOOD TECHNOL., 50, PP. 62-64, (1996); JULIANO B.O., COMPARATIVE NUTRITIVE VALUE OF VARIOUS STAPLE FOODS, FOOD REV. INT., 15, PP. 399-434, (1999); JARIWALLA R.J., RICE-BRAN PRODUCTS: PHYTONUTRIENTS WITH POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS IN PREVENTIVE AND CLINICAL MEDICINE, DRUGS EXP. CLIN. RES., 27, PP. 17-26, (2001); SUGANO M., TSUJI E., RICE BRAN OIL AND CHOLESTEROL METABOLISM, J. NUTR., 127, PP. 521-524, (1997); QURESHI A.A., SALSER W.A., PARMAR R., EMESON E.E., NOVEL TOCOTRIENOLS OF RICE BRAN INHIBIT ATHEROSCLEROTIC LESIONS IN C57BL/6 APOE-DEFICIENT MICE, J. NUTR., 131, PP. 2606-2618, (2001); TINARELLI A., LA QUALITÀ NEL RISO, II RISO NELLE SUE CARATTERISTICHE E QUALITÀ, (1997); NARAYANA T., KAIMAL B., VALI S.R., SURYA B.V., RAO K., CHAKRABARTI P.P., VIJAYALAKSHMI P., KALE V., NARAYANA K., RANI P., RAJAMMA O., BHASKAR P.S., RAO T.C., ORIGIN OF PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED IN RICE BRAN OIL PROCESSING, EUR. J. LIPID SCI. TECHNOL., 104, PP. 203-211, (2002); DE B.K., DAS R., DUTTA B.K., BHATTACHARYYA D.K., MEMBRANE DEGUMMING AND DEWAXING OF RICE BRAN OIL AND ITS REFINING, FETT/LIPID, 100, PP. 416-421, (1998); PRABHU A.V., TAMBE S.P., GANDHI N.N., SAWANT S.B., JOSHI J.B., RICE BRAN LIPASE: EXTRACTION, ACTIVITY, AND STABILITY, BIOTECHNOL. PROGR., 15, PP. 1083-1089, (1999); HUI Y.H., EDN., (1996); NAKAMURA H., EFFECT OF Γ-ORYZANOL ON HEPATIC CHOLESTEROL BIOSYNTHESIS AND FAECAL EXCRETION OF CHOLESTEROL METABOLITES, RADIOISOTOPES, 15, PP. 371-374, (1966); KAHLON T.S., CHOW F.I., SAYRE R.N., CHOLESTEROL-LOWERING PROPERTIES OF RICE BRAN, CEREAL FOOD WORLD, 39, PP. 99-103, (1994); XU Z., HUA N., GODBER J.S., ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF TOCOPHEROLS, TOCOTRIENOLS, AND Γ-ORYZANOL COMPONENTS FROM RICE BRAN AGAINST CHOLESTEROL OXIDATION ACCELERATED BY 2,2′-AZOBIS(2-METHYLPROPIONAMIDINE) DIHYDROCHLORIDE, J. AGRIC. FOOD CHEM., 49, PP. 2077-2081, (2001); WILSON T.A., IDREIS H.M., TAYLOR C.M., NICOLOSI R.J., WHOLE FAT RICE BRAN REDUCES THE DEVELOPMENT OF EARLY AORTIC ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC HAMSTERS COMPARED WITH WHEAT BRAN, J. NUTR. RES., 22, PP. 1319-1332, (2002); DUNFORD N.T., HEALTH BENEFITS AND PROCESSING OF LIPID BASED NUTRITIONALS, FOOD TECHNOL., 55, PP. 38-44, (2001); QURESHI A.A., MO H.B., PACKER L., PETERSON D.M., ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF NOVEL TOCOTRIENOLS FROM RICE BRAN WITH HYPOCHOLESTEROLEMIC, ANTIOXIDANT, AND ANTITUMOR PROPERTIES, J. AGRIC. FOOD CHEM., 48, PP. 3130-3134, (2000); CICERO A.F.G., GADDI A., RICE BRAN OIL AND GAMMA-ORYZANOL IN THE TREATMENT OF HYPERLIPOPROTEINAEMIA AND OTHER CONDITIONS, PHYTOTHER. RES., 15, PP. 277-289, (2001); ABDUL-HAMID A., LUAN Y.S., FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF DIETARY FIBER PREPARED FROM DEFATTED BRAN, FOOD CHEM., 68, PP. 15-19, (2000); MAS R., POLICOSANOL-HYPOLIPIDEMIC ANTIOXIDANT TREATMENT OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS, DRUG OF THE FUTURE, 25, PP. 569-586, (2000); GOUNI-BERTHOLD I., BERTHOLD H.K., POLICOSANOL: CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF A NEW LIPID-LOWERING AGENT, AM. HEART J., 143, PP. 356-365, (2002); MIRKIN A., MAS R., MARTINTO M., BOCCANERA R., ROBERTIS A., POUDES R., FUSTER A., LASTRETO E., YANEZ M., IRICO G., MCCOOK B., FARRE A., EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF POLICOSANOL IN HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN, INT. J. CLIN. PHARMACOL. RES., 21, PP. 31-41, (2001); CARR K., CUBAN BIOTECHNOLOGY TREADS A LONELY PATH, NATURE, 398, PP. 22-23, (1999); MAS F.R., CARBAJAL Q.D., GONZALES B.L., LAGUNA G.A., MARRERO D.D.; EBRINGEROVA A., HROMADKOVA Z., EFFECT OF ULTRASOUND ON THE EXTRACTABILITY OF CORN BRAN HEMICELLULOSES, ULTRASON. SONOCHEM., 9, PP. 225-229, (2002); TOMA M., VINATORU M., PANIWNYK L., MASON T.J., INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTS OF ULTRASOUND ON VEGETAL TISSUES DURING SOLVENT EXTRACTION, ULTRASON. SONOCHEM., 8, PP. 137-142, (2001); CRAVOTTO G.; CRAVOTTO G., OMICCIOLI G., STEVANATO L., AN IMPROVED SONOCHEMICAL REACTOR, ULTRASON. SONOCHEM.; AOAC: AOAC OFFICIAL METHODS OF ANALYSIS, 16TH EDN., (1995); EDN., (1986); CRAVOTTO G., OMICCIOLI G., VAZZOLER E.; HANMOUNGJAI P., PYLE L., NIRANJAN K., EXTRACTION OF RICE BRAN OIL USING AQUEOUS MEDIA, J. CHEM. TECHNOL. BIOTECHNOL., 75, PP. 348-352, (2000); MASON T.J., EDN., (2002); KEIL F.J., SWAMY K.M., REACTORS FOR SONOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING - PRESENT STATUS, REV. CHEM. ENG., 15, PP. 85-155, (1999); MCCARTY M.F., POLICOSANOL SAFELY DOWN-REGULATES HMG-COA REDUCTASE - POTENTIAL AS A COMPONENT OF THE ESSELSTYN REGIMEN, MED. HYPOTHESES, 59, PP. 268-279, (2002); WANG Y.W., JONES P.J.H., PISCHEL I., FAIROW C., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOLS AND PHYTOSTEROLS ON LIPID LEVELS AND CHOLESTEROL BIOSYNTHESIS IN HAMSTERS, LIPIDS, 38, PP. 165-170, (2003)","G. CRAVOTTO; DIPTO. DI SCI. E TECN. DEL FARMACO, UNIVERSITÈ DI TORINO, 10125 TORINO, VIA P. GIURIA 9, ITALY; EMAIL: GIANCARLO.CRAVOTTO@UNITO.IT","","ENGLISH","EUR. J. LIPID SCI. TECHNOL.","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-1842863618","EUR J LIPID SCI TECHNOL","UNIVERSITÀ DI TORINO;UNIVERSITÀ DI TORINO;COLLERETTO GIACOSA (TO)","NOTREPORTED;UNIVERSITÈ DI TORINO;NOTREPORTED",NA,"CRAVOTTO G, 2004, EUR J LIPID SCI TECHNOL","CRAVOTTO G, 2004, EUR J LIPID SCI TECHNOL"
"CAI Y;XIN Q;LU J;MIAO Y;LIN Q;CONG W;CHEN K","CAI, YUN (57222628070); XIN, QIQI (57189643472); LU, JINJIN (57199238656); MIAO, YU (23498014500); LIN, QIAN (57194138254); CONG, WEIHONG (8306440200); CHEN, KEJI (24754798100)","A NEW THERAPEUTIC CANDIDATE FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES BERBERINE",2021,"FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY","12","",39,"10.3389/fphar.2021.631100","DOCTORAL CANDIDATE, DONGZHIMEN HOSPITAL OF BEIJING UNIVERSITY OF CHINESE MEDICINE, BEIJING, CHINA;LABORATORY OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, XIYUAN HOSPITAL OF CHINA ACADEMY OF CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES, BEIJING, CHINA, NATIONAL CLINICAL RESEARCH CENTER FOR CHINESE MEDICINE CARDIOLOGY, BEIJING, CHINA;DONGFANG HOSPITAL OF BEIJING UNIVERSITY OF CHINESE MEDICINE, BEIJING, CHINA;LABORATORY OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, XIYUAN HOSPITAL OF CHINA ACADEMY OF CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES, BEIJING, CHINA, NATIONAL CLINICAL RESEARCH CENTER FOR CHINESE MEDICINE CARDIOLOGY, BEIJING, CHINA;DONGZHIMEN HOSPITAL OF BEIJING UNIVERSITY OF CHINESE MEDICINE, BEIJING, CHINA;LABORATORY OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, XIYUAN HOSPITAL OF CHINA ACADEMY OF CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES, BEIJING, CHINA, NATIONAL CLINICAL RESEARCH CENTER FOR CHINESE MEDICINE CARDIOLOGY, BEIJING, CHINA;LABORATORY OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, XIYUAN HOSPITAL OF CHINA ACADEMY OF CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES, BEIJING, CHINA, NATIONAL CLINICAL RESEARCH CENTER FOR CHINESE MEDICINE CARDIOLOGY, BEIJING, CHINA","CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES (CVD) ARE THE LEADING CAUSE OF DEATH IN THE WORLD. HOWEVER, DUE TO THE LIMITED EFFECTIVENESS AND POTENTIAL ADVERSE EFFECTS OF CURRENT TREATMENTS, THE LONG-TERM PROGNOSIS OF CVD PATIENTS IS STILL DISCOURAGING. IN RECENT YEARS, SEVERAL STUDIES HAVE FOUND THAT BERBERINE (BBR) HAS BROAD APPLICATION PROSPECTS IN THE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF CVD. DUE TO ITS EFFECTIVENESS AND SAFETY FOR GASTROENTERITIS AND DIARRHEA CAUSED BY BACTERIAL INFECTIONS, BBR HAS BEEN WIDELY USED IN CHINA AND OTHER ASIAN COUNTRIES SINCE THE MIDDLE OF THE LAST CENTURY. THE DEVELOPMENT OF PHARMACOLOGY ALSO PROVIDES EVIDENCE FOR THE MULTI-TARGETS OF BBR IN TREATING CVD. RESEARCHES ON CVD, SUCH AS ARRHYTHMIA, ATHEROSCLEROSIS, DYSLIPIDEMIA, HYPERTENSION, ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE, MYOCARDITIS AND CARDIOMYOPATHY, HEART FAILURE, ETC., REVEALED THE CARDIOVASCULAR PROTECTIVE MECHANISMS OF BBR. THIS REVIEW SYSTEMATICALLY SUMMARIZES THE PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH PROGRESS OF BBR IN THE TREATMENT OF CVD IN RECENT YEARS, CONFIRMING THAT BBR IS A PROMISING THERAPEUTIC OPTION FOR CVD. © COPYRIGHT © 2021 CAI, XIN, LU, MIAO, LIN, CONG AND CHEN.","BERBERINE; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; NATURAL PRODUCT; SAFETY; THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS","AMIODARONE; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT; ASTAXANTHIN; ATORVASTATIN; BERBERINE; DOXORUBICIN; FOLIC ACID; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; PLACEBO; POLICOSANOL; TRIMETAZIDINE; URSODEOXYCHOLIC ACID; ANTIARRHYTHMIC ACTIVITY; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; ATRIAL FIBRILLATION; CARDIOMYOPATHY; CARDIOTOXICITY; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CONGESTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY; DRUG DOSE COMPARISON; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG MEGADOSE; DRUG METABOLISM; DRUG SAFETY; GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASE; HEART ARRHYTHMIA; HEART FAILURE; HEART INFARCTION; HEART INJURY; HEART VENTRICLE TACHYCARDIA; HUMAN; HYPERLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTENSION; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; LOW DRUG DOSE; MYOCARDITIS; NONHUMAN; REVIEW","NATIONAL NATURAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION OF CHINA, NSFC, (81874458); CHINA ACADEMY OF CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES, CACMS, (ZZ13–036–4)","THIS WORK WAS SUPPORTED BY THE NATIONAL NATURAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION OF CHINA (GRANT NUMBER 81874458) AND THE AUTHORIZED PROJECT OF CHINA ACADEMY OF CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES (ZZ13–036–4).","ABUDUREYIMU M., YU W., CAO R.Y., ZHANG Y., LIU H., ZHENG H., BERBERINE PROMOTES CARDIAC FUNCTION BY UPREGULATING PINK1/PARKIN-MEDIATED MITOPHAGY IN HEART FAILURE, FRONT. 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HYPERTENS, 42, PP. 257-265, (2020); ZHANG H., NIU H., YUAN X., CHANG J., WANG X., TRIMETAZIDINE COMBINED WITH BERBERINE ON ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION OF PATIENTS WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE COMBINED WITH PRIMARY HYPERTENSION, EXP. THER. MED, 16, PP. 1318-1322, (2018); ZHANG J., BAO L.H., DONG X.C., YANG B.F., HE S.Z., LI W.H., PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF DIHYDROBERBERINE ON ACUTE ISCHEMIA AND ARRHYTHMIA, J. HARBIN MED. UNIV, 31, PP. 121-123, (1997); ZHANG X.D., REN H.M., LIU L., EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT DOSE BERBERINE ON HEMODYNAMIC PARAMETERS AND CA<SUP>2+</SUP>I OF CARDIAC MYOCYTES OF DIASTOLIC HEART FAILURE RAT MODEL, ZHONGGUO ZHONG YAO ZA ZHI, 33, PP. 818-821, (2008); ZHAO G.L., YU L.M., GAO W.L., DUAN W.X., JIANG B., LIU X.D., ET AL., BERBERINE PROTECTS RAT HEART FROM ISCHEMIA/REPERFUSION INJURY VIA ACTIVATING JAK2/STAT3 SIGNALING AND ATTENUATING ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM STRESS, ACTA PHARMACOL. SIN, 37, PP. 354-367, (2016); ZHAO M., KLIPSTEIN-GROBUSCH K., WANG X., REITSMA J.B., ZHAO D., GROBBEE D.E., ET AL., PREVALENCE OF CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICATION ON SECONDARY PREVENTION AFTER MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN CHINA BETWEEN 1995-2015: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS, PLOS ONE, 12, (2017); ZHENG H., ZHU F., MIAO P., MAO Z., REDFEARN D.P., CAO R.Y., ANTIMICROBIAL NATURAL PRODUCT BERBERINE IS EFFICACIOUS FOR THE TREATMENT OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION, BIOMED. RES. INT, 2017, (2017); ZHOU Z.W., ZHENG H.C., ZHAO L.F., LI W., HOU J.W., YU Y., ET AL., EFFECT OF BERBERINE ON ACETYLCHOLINE-INDUCED ATRIAL FIBRILLATION IN RABBIT, AM. J. TRANSL. RES, 7, PP. 1450-1457, (2015); ZHU M.L., YIN Y.L., PING S., YU H.Y., WAN G.R., JIAN X., ET AL., BERBERINE PROMOTES ISCHEMIA-INDUCED ANGIOGENESIS IN MICE HEART VIA UPREGULATION OF MICRORNA-29B, CLIN. EXP. HYPERTENS, 39, PP. 672-679, (2017); ZHU N., LI J., LI Y., ZHANG Y., DU Q., HAO P., BERBERINE PROTECTS AGAINST SIMULATED ISCHEMIA/REPERFUSION INJURY-INDUCED H9C2 CARDIOMYOCYTES APOPTOSIS IN VITRO AND MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA/REPERFUSION-INDUCED APOPTOSIS IN VIVO BY REGULATING THE MITOPHAGY-MEDIATED HIF-1Α/BNIP3 PATHWAY, FRONT. PHARMACOL, 11, (2020)","W. CONG; LABORATORY OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, XIYUAN HOSPITAL OF CHINA ACADEMY OF CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES, BEIJING, CHINA; EMAIL: CONGCAO@188.COM; W. CONG; NATIONAL CLINICAL RESEARCH CENTER FOR CHINESE MEDICINE CARDIOLOGY, BEIJING, CHINA; EMAIL: CONGCAO@188.COM; Q. LIN; DONGZHIMEN HOSPITAL OF BEIJING UNIVERSITY OF CHINESE MEDICINE, BEIJING, CHINA; EMAIL: LINQIAN62@126.COM","FRONTIERS MEDIA S.A.","ENGLISH","FRONT. PHARMACOL.","REVIEW","ISI","2-S2.0-85103477725","FRONT PHARMACOL","DONGZHIMEN HOSPITAL OF BEIJING UNIVERSITY OF CHINESE MEDICINE;XIYUAN HOSPITAL OF CHINA ACADEMY OF CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES;DONGFANG HOSPITAL OF BEIJING UNIVERSITY OF CHINESE MEDICINE;XIYUAN HOSPITAL OF CHINA ACADEMY OF CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES;DONGZHIMEN HOSPITAL OF BEIJING UNIVERSITY OF CHINESE MEDICINE;XIYUAN HOSPITAL OF CHINA ACADEMY OF CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES;XIYUAN HOSPITAL OF CHINA ACADEMY OF CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES","NOTREPORTED;XIYUAN HOSPITAL OF CHINA ACADEMY OF CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES;NOTREPORTED;NOTREPORTED;NATIONAL CLINICAL RESEARCH CENTER FOR CHINESE MEDICINE CARDIOLOGY;NOTREPORTED;NOTREPORTED;DONGZHIMEN HOSPITAL OF BEIJING UNIVERSITY OF CHINESE MEDICINE;NOTREPORTED",NA,"CAI Y, 2021, FRONT PHARMACOL","CAI Y, 2021, FRONT PHARMACOL"
"SHEN J;LUO F;LIN Q","SHEN, JUNJUN (57191926274); LUO, FEIJUN (23025317600); LIN, QINLU (57194683507)","POLICOSANOL EXTRACTION AND BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS",2019,"JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS","57","9",40,"10.1016/j.jff.2019.04.024","NATIONAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY FOR DEEP PROCESS OF RICE AND BYPRODUCTS, HUNAN KEY LABORATORY OF GRAIN-OIL DEEP PROCESS AND QUALITY CONTROL, HUNAN KEY LABORATORY OF PROCESSED FOOD FOR SPECIAL MEDICAL PURPOSE, COLLEGE OF FOOD SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY OF FORESTRY AND TECHNOLOGY, CHANGSHA, 410004, HUNAN, CHINA, COLLEGE OF LIFE SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY OF FORESTRY AND TECHNOLOGY, CHANGSHA, 410004, HUNAN, CHINA;NATIONAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY FOR DEEP PROCESS OF RICE AND BYPRODUCTS, HUNAN KEY LABORATORY OF GRAIN-OIL DEEP PROCESS AND QUALITY CONTROL, HUNAN KEY LABORATORY OF PROCESSED FOOD FOR SPECIAL MEDICAL PURPOSE, COLLEGE OF FOOD SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY OF FORESTRY AND TECHNOLOGY, CHANGSHA, 410004, HUNAN, CHINA;NATIONAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY FOR DEEP PROCESS OF RICE AND BYPRODUCTS, HUNAN KEY LABORATORY OF GRAIN-OIL DEEP PROCESS AND QUALITY CONTROL, HUNAN KEY LABORATORY OF PROCESSED FOOD FOR SPECIAL MEDICAL PURPOSE, COLLEGE OF FOOD SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY OF FORESTRY AND TECHNOLOGY, CHANGSHA, 410004, HUNAN, CHINA","POLICOSANOL IS WIDELY DISTRIBUTED NATURALLY AND CAN BE ISOLATED AND PURIFIED FROM RICE BRAN, SUGARCANE, APPLES, GRAPES ETC. DUE TO ITS FUNCTIONAL SIGNIFICANCE AND EASE OF BIOAVAILABILITY, TECHNIQUES FOR THE EXTRACTION OF POLICOSANOL ARE OF GREAT SIGNIFICANCE TO INVESTIGATORS, OF WHICH SAPONIFICATION, SOLVENT EXTRACTION, TRANSESTERIFICATION, MOLECULAR DISTILLATION, SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE EXTRACTION, ULTRASONIC-ASSISTED EXTRACTION AND OTHER EXTRACTION METHODS ARE EVALUATED. POLICOSANOL HAS BEEN USUALLY APPLIED IN FUNCTIONAL FOODS BECAUSE IT HAS MULTIPLE HEALTH-IMPROVING PROPERTIES, INCLUDING THE LOWERING OF LIPIDS, ANTI-AGING, TISSUE REGENERATION, CYTO-, LIVER, CARDIOVASCULAR AND CEREBROVASCULAR PROTECTION, AND PROTECTION AGAINST DIABETES, HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, PARKINSON'S DISEASE, INFLAMMATION, ULCERS AND CANCER. ADDITIONALLY, THE SIGNALING PATHWAYS AMPK, MAPK AND PI3K/AKT INVOLVED IN ITS EFFECTS ARE INVESTIGATED. THIS REVIEW COMPILED THE MOST INTERESTING REFERENCES FOR SCIENTIFICS ENGAGED IN POLICOSANOL HEALTH-IMPROVING EFFECTS, INCLUDING EXTRACTION PROCEDURES. TO SUM UP, IT WILL HELP TO DEVELOP ANCILLARY DRUGS AND FUNCTIONAL FOODS IN THE FUTURE. © 2019 ELSEVIER LTD","BIOAVAILABILITY; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION; EXTRACTION METHODS; FUNCTIONAL FOODS; HEALTH-IMPROVING ACTIVITIES; POLICOSANOL","","2011 COLLABORATIVE INNOVATION CENTER OF HUNAN PROVINCE, (448); KEY RESEARCH AND DEVELOP PLAN PROJECT OF HUNAN PROVINCE, (2017SK2190); NATURAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION OF HUNAN PROVINCE, (2017JJ3528, 2018JJ2672); PROGRAM FOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION TALENTS OF HUNAN PROVINCE, (2017TP1021, KC1704007); EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF HUNAN PROVINCE, (13A124); EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF HUNAN PROVINCE; NATURAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION OF HUNAN PROVINCE","FUNDING TEXT 1: THIS WORK WAS SUPPORTED BY THE PROJECT “2011 COLLABORATIVE INNOVATION CENTER OF HUNAN PROVINCE” (2013, NO. 448), THE KEY PROJECT OF THE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF HUNAN PROVINCE (NO. 13A124), THE KEY RESEARCH AND DEVELOP PLAN PROJECT OF HUNAN PROVINCE (2017SK2190), NATURAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION OF HUNAN PROVINCE (2018JJ2672 AND 2017JJ3528), PROGRAM FOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION TALENTS OF HUNAN PROVINCE (2017TP1021; KC1704007).; FUNDING TEXT 2: THIS WORK WAS SUPPORTED BY THE PROJECT “ 2011 COLLABORATIVE INNOVATION CENTER OF HUNAN PROVINCE ” (2013, NO. 448 ), THE KEY PROJECT OF THE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF HUNAN PROVINCE (NO. 13A124 ), THE KEY RESEARCH AND DEVELOP PLAN PROJECT OF HUNAN PROVINCE ( 2017SK2190 ), NATURAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION OF HUNAN PROVINCE ( 2018JJ2672 AND 2017JJ3528 ), PROGRAM FOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION TALENTS OF HUNAN PROVINCE ( 2017TP1021 ; KC1704007 ).","AFFUSO F., MERCURIO V., RUVOLO A., PIROZZI C., MICILLO F., CARLOMAGNO G., ET AL., A NUTRACEUTICAL COMBINATION IMPROVES INSULIN SENSITIVITY IN PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME, WORLD JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY, 4, PP. 77-83, (2012); AFFUSO F., RUVOLO A., MICILLO F., SACCA L., FAZIO S., EFFECTS OF A NUTRACEUTICAL COMBINATION (BERBERINE, RED YEAST RICE AND POLICOSANOLS) ON LIPID LEVELS AND ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED STUDY, NUTRITION METABABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, 9, PP. 656-661, (2010); 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LUO; COLLEGE OF FOOD SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY OF FORESTRY AND TECHNOLOGY, CHANGSHA, NO. 498, SHAOSHAN ROAD, 410004, CHINA; EMAIL: LUOFEIJUN888@CSUFT.EDU.CN","ELSEVIER LTD","ENGLISH","J. FUNCT. FOODS","REVIEW","ISI","2-S2.0-85064467936","J FUNCT FOODS","CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY OF FORESTRY AND TECHNOLOGY;CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY OF FORESTRY AND TECHNOLOGY;CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY OF FORESTRY AND TECHNOLOGY","NOTREPORTED;CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY OF FORESTRY AND TECHNOLOGY;NOTREPORTED",NA,"SHEN J, 2019, J FUNCT FOODS","SHEN J, 2019, J FUNCT FOODS"
"KAMCHONEMENUKOOL S;HO C;BOONNOUN P;LI S;PAN M;KLANGPETCH W;WEERAWATANAKORN M","KAMCHONEMENUKOOL, SUDTHIDA (57219992228); HO, CHI-TANG (56510763200); BOONNOUN, PANATPONG (35742804700); LI, SHIMING (55741057400); PAN, MIN-HSIUNG (7202544934); KLANGPETCH, WANNAPORN (36600605300); WEERAWATANAKORN, MONTHANA (55976489600)","HIGH LEVELS OF POLICOSANOLS AND PHYTOSTEROLS FROM SUGAR MILL WASTE BY SUBCRITICAL LIQUEFIED DIMETHYL ETHER",2022,"FOODS","11","",6,"10.3390/foods11192937","DEPARTMENT OF AGRO-INDUSTRY, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT, NARESUAN UNIVERSITY, PHITSANULOK, 65000, THAILAND;DEPARTMENT OF FOOD SCIENCE, RUTGERS UNIVERSITY, 65 DUDLEY ROAD, NEW BRUNSWICK, 08901, NJ, UNITED STATES;CHEMICAL ENGINEERING PROGRAM, DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, NARESUAN UNIVERSITY, PHITSANULOK, 65000, THAILAND;COLLEGE OF LIFE SCIENCES, HUANGGANG NORMAL UNIVERSITY, HUANGGANG, 438000, CHINA;INSTITUTE OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY, TAIPEI, 10617, TAIWAN;FACULTY OF AGRO-INDUSTRY, CHIANG MAI UNIVERSITY, CHIANG MAI, 50100, THAILAND, CLUSTER OF HIGH VALUE PRODUCTS FROM THAI RICE AND PLANTS FOR HEALTH, CHIANG MAI UNIVERSITY, CHIANG MAI, 50100, THAILAND;DEPARTMENT OF AGRO-INDUSTRY, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT, NARESUAN UNIVERSITY, PHITSANULOK, 65000, THAILAND","EXTRACTING NUTRACEUTICALS WITH HIGH VALUE FROM BAGASSE, FILTER MUD, AND SUGARCANE LEAVES DISCARDED AS SUGAR MILL BY-PRODUCTS, IS CRUCIAL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SUSTAINABLE BIO-ECONOMY. THESE BY-PRODUCTS ARE IMPORTANT SOURCES OF POLICOSANOLS AND PHYTOSTEROLS, WHICH HAVE A CHOLESTEROL-LOWERING EFFECT. THIS RESEARCH FOCUSED ON USING A PROMISING GREEN TECHNOLOGY, SUBCRITICAL LIQUEFIED DIMETHYL ETHER EXTRACTION, WITH A LOW PRESSURE OF 0.8 MPA, TO EXTRACT POLICOSANOLS AND PHYTOSTEROLS AND ON APPLICATION OF PRETREATMENTS TO INCREASE THEIR CONTENTS. FOR DIRECT EXTRACTION BY SUBCRITICAL LIQUEFIED DIMETHYL ETHER WITHOUT SAMPLE PRETREATMENT, THE HIGHEST EXTRACTION YIELD (7.4%) AND POLICOSANOL CONTENT WERE FOUND IN SUGARCANE LEAVES AT 2888 MG/100 G, WHILE THE HIGHEST AND LOWEST PHYTOSTEROL CONTENTS WERE FOUND IN FILTER MUD AT 20,878.75 MG/100 G AND SUGARCANE LEAVES AT 10,147.75 MG/100 G, RESPECTIVELY. PRETREATMENT OF FILTER MUD BY ULTRASONICATION IN HEXANE SOLUTION TOGETHER WITH TRANSESTERIFICATION BEFORE THE SECOND SUBCRITICAL LIQUEFIED DIMETHYL ETHER EXTRACTION SUCCESSFULLY INCREASED THE POLICOSANOL CONTENT, WITH AN EXTRACT PURITY OF 60%, BUT FAILED TO INCREASE THE PHYTOSTEROL CONTENT. © 2022 BY THE AUTHORS.","BAGASSE; FILTER MUD; PRETREATMENT; SUBCRITICAL EXTRACTION; SUGARCANE LEAVES","","NARESUAN UNIVERSITY, NU, (R2565B009); THAILAND SCIENCE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION, TSRI, (FRB650022/0179)","THIS STUDY WAS SUPPORTED BY THE THAILAND SCIENCE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION (GRANT NUMBER FRB650022/0179) UNDER THE GRANT AGREEMENT OF NARESUAN UNIVERSITY (GRANT NUMBER R2565B009).","FOOD, AGRICULTURAL ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS STATISTICAL DATABASE, (2001); EGGLESTON G., KLICH M., ANTOINE A., BELTZ S., VIATOR R., BROWN AND GREEN SUGARCANE LEAVES AS POTENTIAL BIOMASS: HOW THEY DETERIORATE UNDER DRY AND WET STORAGE CONDITIONS, IND. 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FOOD CHEM, 66, PP. 3047-3062, (2018); DENG C., ADVANCE ON THE PREPARATION TECHNOLOGY AND ANTI-HYPERLIPIDEMIA MECHANISM OF PHYTOSTEROLS, IOP CONF. SER. EARTH ENVIRON. SCI, 615, (2020)","M. WEERAWATANAKORN; DEPARTMENT OF AGRO-INDUSTRY, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT, NARESUAN UNIVERSITY, PHITSANULOK, 65000, THAILAND; EMAIL: MONTHANAC@NU.AC.TH","MDPI","ENGLISH","FOODS","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-85139792611","FOODS","NARESUAN UNIVERSITY;RUTGERS UNIVERSITY;NARESUAN UNIVERSITY;HUANGGANG NORMAL UNIVERSITY;NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY;CHIANG MAI UNIVERSITY;NARESUAN UNIVERSITY","NOTREPORTED;NARESUAN UNIVERSITY;NOTREPORTED",NA,"KAMCHONEMENUKOOL S, 2022, FOODS","KAMCHONEMENUKOOL S, 2022, FOODS"
"MAZZA A;FRUCI B;GARINIS G;GIULIANO S;MALAGUARNERA R;BELFIORE A","MAZZA, ANGELA (57536873000); FRUCI, BARBARA (37033893300); GARINIS, GIORGIA ANNA (36862448500); GIULIANO, STEFANIA (26767718200); MALAGUARNERA, ROBERTA (10039134800); BELFIORE, ANTONINO (57200902495)","THE ROLE OF METFORMIN IN THE MANAGEMENT OF NAFLD",2012,"EXPERIMENTAL DIABETES RESEARCH","2012","",152,"10.1155/2012/716404","ENDOCRINOLOGY UNIT, DEPARTMENT OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY MAGNA GRAECIA OF CATANZARO, 88100 CATANZARO, LOCALITÀ GERMANETO, VIALE EUROPA, ITALY;ENDOCRINOLOGY UNIT, DEPARTMENT OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY MAGNA GRAECIA OF CATANZARO, 88100 CATANZARO, LOCALITÀ GERMANETO, VIALE EUROPA, ITALY;ENDOCRINOLOGY UNIT, DEPARTMENT OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY MAGNA GRAECIA OF CATANZARO, 88100 CATANZARO, LOCALITÀ GERMANETO, VIALE EUROPA, ITALY;ENDOCRINOLOGY UNIT, DEPARTMENT OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY MAGNA GRAECIA OF CATANZARO, 88100 CATANZARO, LOCALITÀ GERMANETO, VIALE EUROPA, ITALY;ENDOCRINOLOGY UNIT, DEPARTMENT OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY MAGNA GRAECIA OF CATANZARO, 88100 CATANZARO, LOCALITÀ GERMANETO, VIALE EUROPA, ITALY;ENDOCRINOLOGY UNIT, DEPARTMENT OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY MAGNA GRAECIA OF CATANZARO, 88100 CATANZARO, LOCALITÀ GERMANETO, VIALE EUROPA, ITALY","NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE (NAFLD) IS THE MOST COMMON LIVER DISORDER WORLDWIDE. ITS PREVALENCE RANGES 10-24% IN THE GENERAL POPULATION, REACHING 60-95% AND 28-55% IN OBESE AND DIABETIC PATIENTS, RESPECTIVELY. ALTHOUGH THE ETIOLOGY OF NAFLD IS STILL UNCLEAR, SEVERAL LINES OF EVIDENCES HAVE INDICATED A PATHOGENETIC ROLE OF INSULIN RESISTANCE IN THIS DISORDER. THIS CONCEPT HAS STIMULATED SEVERAL CLINICAL STUDIES WHERE ANTIDIABETIC DRUGS, SUCH AS INSULIN SENSITIZERS INCLUDING METFORMIN, HAVE BEEN EVALUATED IN INSULIN-RESISTANT, NAFLD PATIENTS. THESE STUDIES INDICATE THAT METFORMIN MIGHT BE OF BENEFIT IN THE TREATMENT OF NAFLD, ALSO IN NONDIABETIC PATIENTS, WHEN ASSOCIATED TO HYPOCALORIC DIET AND WEIGHT CONTROL. HOWEVER, THE HETEROGENEITY OF THESE STUDIES STILL PREVENTS US FROM REACHING FIRM CONCLUSIONS ABOUT TREATMENT GUIDELINES. MOREOVER, METFORMIN COULD HAVE BENEFICIAL TISSUE-SPECIFIC EFFECTS IN NAFLD PATIENTS IRRESPECTIVE OF ITS EFFECTS AS INSULIN SENSITIZER. © 2012 ANGELA MAZZA ET AL.","","FATTY LIVER; HUMANS; HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS; INSULIN RESISTANCE; METFORMIN; 2,4 THIAZOLIDINEDIONE DERIVATIVE; 3 HYDROXY 3 METHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A; ACETYL COENZYME A CARBOXYLASE; ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE; AMINOTRANSFERASE; ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE; CYCLIC AMP RESPONSIVE ELEMENT BINDING PROTEIN BINDING PROTEIN; FATTY ACID SYNTHASE; GLUCOSE 6 PHOSPHATASE; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; LIVER ENZYME; METFORMIN; PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE CARBOXYKINASE (GTP); PIOGLITAZONE; POLICOSANOL; ROSIGLITAZONE; SATURATED FATTY ACID; SILYMARIN; STEROL REGULATORY ELEMENT BINDING PROTEIN 1C; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 2; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 4; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA; ANTIDIABETIC AGENT; METFORMIN; ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE BLOOD LEVEL; ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE BLOOD LEVEL; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; BODY MASS; DIET; ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM; EXERCISE; HEPATITIS; HUMAN; HYPERLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPERURICEMIA; INSULIN RESISTANCE; LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION; LIVER BIOPSY; LOW CALORY DIET; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER; OBESITY; OVARY POLYCYSTIC DISEASE; PATHOGENESIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; STEATOSIS; VULVA DISEASE; WEIGHT CONTROL; FATTY LIVER; INSULIN RESISTANCE","","","FESTI D., COLECCHIA A., SACCO T., BONDI M., RODA E., MARCHESINI G., HEPATIC STEATOSIS IN OBESE PATIENTS: CLINICAL ASPECTS AND PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE, OBESITY REVIEWS, 5, 1, PP. 27-42, (2004); MARCHESINI G., BUGIANESI E., FORLANI G., CERRELLI F., LENZI M., MANINI R., NATALE S., VANNI E., VILLANOVA N., MELCHIONDA N., RIZZETTO M., NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER, STEATOHEPATITIS, AND THE METABOLIC SYNDROME, HEPATOLOGY, 37, 4, PP. 917-923, (2003); LORIA P., LONARDO A., BELLENTANI S., DAY C.P., MARCHESINI G., CARULLI N., NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE (NAFLD) AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE: AN OPEN QUESTION, NUTRITION, METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, 17, 9, PP. 684-698, (2007); 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MUSSO G., GAMBINO R., CASSADER M., EMERGING MOLECULAR TARGETS FOR THE TREATMENT OF NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE, ANNUAL REVIEW OF MEDICINE, 61, PP. 375-392, (2010); KRTZFELDT J., RAJEWSKY N., BRAICH R., RAJEEV K.G., TUSCHL T., MANOHARAN M., STOFFEL M., SILENCING OF MICRORNAS IN VIVO WITH ANTAGOMIRS, NATURE, 438, 7068, PP. 685-689, (2005); ELMEN J., LINDOW M., SCHUTZ S., LAWRENCE M., PETRI A., OBAD S., LINDHOLM M., HEDTJARN M., HANSEN H.F., BERGER U., GULLANS S., KEARNEY P., SARNOW P., STRAARUP E.M., KAUPPINEN S., LNA-MEDIATED MICRORNA SILENCING IN NON-HUMAN PRIMATES, NATURE, 452, 7189, PP. 896-899, (2008); BERGERON R., PREVIS S.F., CLINE G.W., PERRET P., RUSSELL III R.R., YOUNG L.H., SHULMAN G.I., EFFECT OF 5-AMINOIMIDAZOLE-4-CARBOXAMIDE-1-Β-D-RIBOFURANOSIDE INFUSION ON IN VIVO GLUCOSE AND LIPID METABOLISM IN LEAN AND OBESE ZUCKER RATS, DIABETES, 50, 5, PP. 1076-1082, (2001); PARK K.G., MIN A.K., KOH E.H., KIM H.S., KIM M.O., PARK H.S., KIM Y.D., YOO T.S., JANG B.K., HWANG J.S., KIM J.B., CHOI H.S., PARK J.Y., LEE I.K., LEE K.U., ALPHA-LIPOIC ACID DECREASES HEPATIC LIPOGENESIS THROUGH ADENOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE (AMPK)-DEPENDENT AND AMPK-INDEPENDENT PATHWAYS, HEPATOLOGY, 48, 5, PP. 1477-1486, (2008); LEWIS J.R., MOHANTY S.R., NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE: A REVIEW AND UPDATE, DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES, 55, 3, PP. 560-578, (2010); DING X., SAXENA N.K., LIN S., GUPTA N., ANANIA F.A., EXENDIN-4, A GLUCAGON-LIKE PROTEIN-1 (GLP-1) RECEPTOR AGONIST, REVERSES HEPATIC STEATOSIS IN OB/OB MICE, HEPATOLOGY, 43, 1, PP. 173-181, (2006); TUSHUIZEN M.E., BUNCK M.C., POUWELS P.J., VAN WAESBERGHE J.H.T., DIAMANT M., HEINE R.J., INCRETIN MIMETICS AS A NOVEL THERAPEUTIC OPTION FOR HEPATIC STEATOSIS, LIVER INTERNATIONAL, 26, 8, PP. 1015-1017, (2006)","A. BELFIORE; ENDOCRINOLOGY UNIT, DEPARTMENT OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY MAGNA GRAECIA OF CATANZARO, 88100 CATANZARO, LOCALITÀ GERMANETO, VIALE EUROPA, ITALY; EMAIL: BELFIORE@UNICZ.IT","","ENGLISH","EXP. DIA. RES.","REVIEW","ISI","2-S2.0-84855572961","EXP DIA RES","UNIVERSITY MAGNA GRAECIA OF CATANZARO;UNIVERSITY MAGNA GRAECIA OF CATANZARO;UNIVERSITY MAGNA GRAECIA OF CATANZARO;UNIVERSITY MAGNA GRAECIA OF CATANZARO;UNIVERSITY MAGNA GRAECIA OF CATANZARO;UNIVERSITY MAGNA GRAECIA OF CATANZARO","NOTREPORTED;UNIVERSITY MAGNA GRAECIA OF CATANZARO;NOTREPORTED",NA,"MAZZA A, 2012, EXP DIA RES","MAZZA A, 2012, EXP DIA RES"
"WONGWAIWECH D;WEERAWATANAKORN M;BOONNOUN P","WONGWAIWECH, DONPORN (57202775373); WEERAWATANAKORN, MONTHANA (55976489600); BOONNOUN, PANATPONG (35742804700)","SUBCRITICAL DIMETHYL ETHER EXTRACTION AS A SIMPLE METHOD TO EXTRACT NUTRACEUTICALS FROM BYPRODUCTS FROM RICE BRAN OIL MANUFACTURE",2020,"SCIENTIFIC REPORTS","10","",15,"10.1038/s41598-020-78011-z","DEPARTMENT OF AGRO-INDUSTRY, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT, NARESUAN UNIVERSITY, 99 MOO 9, THA PHO, MUEANG, PHITSANULOK, 65000, THAILAND;DEPARTMENT OF AGRO-INDUSTRY, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT, NARESUAN UNIVERSITY, 99 MOO 9, THA PHO, MUEANG, PHITSANULOK, 65000, THAILAND;DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL ENGINEERING PROGRAM, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, NARESUAN UNIVERSITY, 99 MOO 9, THA PHO, MUEANG, PHITSANULOK, 65000, THAILAND","THE BYPRODUCTS OF RICE BRAN OIL PROCESSES ARE A GOOD SOURCE OF FAT-SOLUBLE NUTRACEUTICALS, INCLUDING Γ-ORYZANOL, PHYTOSTEROL, AND POLICOSANOLS. THIS STUDY AIMED TO INVESTIGATE THE EFFECTS OF GREEN TECHNOLOGY WITH LOW PRESSURE AS THE SUBCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION WITH DIMETHYL ETHER (SUBFDME) ON THE AMOUNT OF Γ-ORYZANOL, PHYTOSTEROL, AND POLICOSANOL EXTRACTED FROM THE BYPRODUCTS AND TO INCREASE THE PURITY OF POLICOSANOLS. THE SUBFDME EXTRACTION APPARATUS WAS OPERATED UNDER PRESSURES BELOW 1 MPA. COMPARED TO THE CHEMICAL EXTRACTION METHOD, SUBFDME GAVE THE HIGHEST CONTENT OF Γ-ORYZANOL AT 924.51 MG/100 G FROM DEFATTED RICE BRAN, FOLLOWED BY 829.88 MG/100 G FROM THE FILTER CAKE, WHILE THE HIGHEST PHYTOSTEROL CONTENT WAS 367.54 MG/100 G. TRANSESTERIFICATION GAVE THE HIGHEST EXTRACTION YIELD OF 43.71% WITH THE HIGHEST POLICOSANOL CONTENT (30,787 MG/100 G), AND THE SUBFDME METHOD INCREASED THE POLICOSANOL LEVEL FROM TRANSESTERIFIED RICE BRAN WAX TO 84,913.14 MG/100 G. THE RESULTS INDICATE THAT THE SUBFDME METHOD IS A PROMISING TOOL TO EXTRACT Γ-ORYZANOL AND PHYTOSTEROL AND A SIMPLE AND EFFECTIVE TECHNIQUE TO INCREASE THE PURITY OF POLICOSANOL. THE STUDY PRESENTED A NOVEL TECHNIQUE FOR THE POTENTIAL USE OF SUBSFDME AS AN ALTERNATIVE LOW-PRESSURE AND LOW-TEMPERATURE TECHNIQUE TO EXTRACT Γ-ORYZANOL AND PHYTOSTEROL. THE COMBINATION OF TRANSESTERIFICATION AND THE SUBFDME TECHNIQUE IS A POTENTIAL SIMPLE TWO-STEP METHOD TO EXTRACT AND PURIFY POLICOSANOL, WHICH IS BENEFICIAL FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS, FUNCTIONAL FOODS AND PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS. © 2020, THE AUTHOR(S).","","","NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF THAILAND, NRCT, (R2562B033); THAILAND SCIENCE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION, TSRI, (FRB630011/0179)","FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR THIS STUDY WAS PROVIDED BY A RESEARCH GRANT FROM THE NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF THAILAND (NO. R2562B033) AND THAILAND SCIENCE RESEARCH AND INNOVATION (FRB630011/0179).","WONGWAIWECH D., WEERAWATANAKORN M., THARATHA S., HO C.T., COMPARATIVE STUDY ON AMOUNT OF NUTRACEUTICALS IN BY-PRODUCTS FROM SOLVENT AND COLD PRESSING METHODS OF RICE BRAN OIL PROCESSING, J. FOOD DRUG ANAL., 27, PP. 71-82, (2019); NIJJAR P.S., BURKE F.M., BLOESCH A., RADER D.J., ROLE OF DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS IN LOWERING LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL: A REVIEW, J. CLIN. LIPIDOL., 4, PP. 248-258, (2010); PATEL M., NAIK S.N., GAMMA-ORYZANOL FROM RICE BRAN OIL—A REVIEW, J. SCI. IND. RES. (INDIA), 63, PP. 569-578, (2004); UDDIN M.S., ET AL., TECHNIQUES FOR THE EXTRACTION OF PHYTOSTEROLS AND THEIR BENEFITS IN HUMAN HEALTH: A REVIEW, SEP. SCI. TECHNOL., 53, PP. 2206-2223, (2018); WEERAWATANAKORN M., MEEROD K., WONGWAIWECH D., HO C., POLICOSANOLS: CHEMISTRY, OCCURRENCE, AND HEALTH EFFECTS, CURR. PHARMACOL. REP., 5, PP. 131-149, (2019); AFFUSO F., ET AL., A NUTRACEUTICAL COMBINATION IMPROVES INSULIN SENSITIVITY IN PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME, WORLD J. CARDIOL., 4, (2012); HARRABI S., BOUKHCHINA S., MAYER P.M., KALLEL H., POLICOSANOL DISTRIBUTION AND ACCUMULATION IN DEVELOPING CORN KERNELS, FOOD CHEM., 115, PP. 918-923, (2009); OHTA Y., ET AL., OCTACOSANOL ATTENUATES DISRUPTED HEPATIC REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES METABOLISM ASSOCIATED WITH ACUTE LIVER INJURY PROGRESSION IN RATS INTOXICATED WITH CARBON TETRACHLORIDE, J. CLIN. BIOCHEM. NUTR., 42, PP. 118-125, (2008); RAVELO Y., ET AL., EVALUATION OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTINOCICEPTIVE EFFECTS OF D-002 (BEESWAX ALCOHOLS), J. NAT. MED., 65, PP. 330-335, (2011); NYAM K.L., TAN C.P., LAI O.M., LONG K., MAN Y.B.C., OPTIMIZATION OF SUPERCRITICAL CO<SUB>2</SUB> EXTRACTION OF PHYTOSTEROL-ENRICHED OIL FROM KALAHARI MELON SEEDS, FOOD BIOPROCESS TECHNOL., 4, PP. 1432-1441, (2011); NYAM K.L., TAN C.P., LAI O.M., LONG K., CHE MAN Y.B., OPTIMIZATION OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION OF PHYTOSTEROL FROM ROSELLE SEEDS WITH A CENTRAL COMPOSITE DESIGN MODEL, FOOD BIOPROD. PROCESS., 88, PP. 239-246, (2010); HUNG C.C., WENG Y.M., YU Z.R., WANG B.J., OPTIMAL SELECTIVITY OF Γ-ORYZANOL AND TOTAL PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS FROM RICE BRAN USING SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE FRACTIONATION TECHNIQUE, INT. FOOD RES. J., 26, PP. 639-647, (2019); SAJFRTOVA M., LICKOVA I., WIMMEROVA M., SOVOVA H., WIMMER Z., Β-SITOSTEROL: SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE EXTRACTION FROM SEA BUCKTHORN (HIPPOPHAE RHAMNOIDES L.) SEEDS, INT. J. MOL. SCI., 11, PP. 1842-1850, (2010); SNYDER J.M., KING J.W., TAYLOR S.L., NEESE A.L., CONCENTRATION OF PHYTOSTEROLS FOR ANALYSIS BY SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION, J. AM. OIL CHEM. SOC., 76, PP. 717-721, (1999); EKINCI M.S., GURU M., EXTRACTION OF PHYTOSTEROLS FROM MELON (CUCUMIS MELO) SEEDS BY SUPERCRITICAL CO<SUB>2</SUB> AS A CLEAN TECHNOLOGY, GREEN PROCESS. SYNTH., 8, PP. 677-682, (2019); KANDA H., KAMO Y., MACHMUDAH S., WAHYUDIONO, GOTO M., EXTRACTION OF FUCOXANTHIN FROM RAW MACROALGAE EXCLUDING DRYING AND CELL WALL DISRUPTION BY LIQUEFIED DIMETHYL ETHER, MAR. DRUGS, 12, PP. 2383-2396, (2014); MA Y.-X., ET AL., SUBCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION OF CHINESE QUINCE SEED: OPTIMIZATION AND PRODUCT CHARACTERIZATION, MOLECULES, 22, (2017); LU J., FENG X., HAN Y., XUE C., OPTIMIZATION OF SUBCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION OF CAROTENOIDS AND CHLOROPHYLL A FROM LAMINARIA JAPONICA ARESCH BY RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY, J. SCI. 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BIOTECHNOL., 19, PP. 1429-1434, (2010); GUL K., YOUSUF B., SINGH A.K., SINGH P., WANI A.A., RICE BRAN: NUTRITIONAL VALUES AND ITS EMERGING POTENTIAL FOR DEVELOPMENT OF FUNCTIONAL FOOD—A REVIEW, BIOACT. CARBOHYDR. DIET. FIBRE, 6, PP. 24-30, (2015); RENUKA DEVI R., ARUMUGHAN C., PHYTOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF DEFATTED RICE BRAN AND OPTIMIZATION OF A PROCESS FOR THEIR EXTRACTION AND ENRICHMENT, BIORESOUR. TECHNOL., 98, PP. 3037-3043, (2007); DERAKHSHAN-HONARPARVAR M., HAMEDI M.M., PIROUZIFARD M.K., RICE BRAN PHYTOSTEROLS OF THREE WIDESPREAD IRANIAN CULTIVARS, J. AGRIC. SCI. TECHNOL., 12, PP. 167-172, (2010); SAWADIKIAT P., HONGSPRABHAS P., PHYTOSTEROLS AND Γ-ORYZANOL IN RICE BRAN OILS AND DISTILLATES FROM PHYSICAL REFINING PROCESS, INT. J. FOOD SCI. TECHNOL., 49, PP. 2030-2036, (2014); MINGYAI S., KETTAWAN A., SRIKAEO K., SINGANUSONG R., PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF RICE BRAN OILS PRODUCED FROM COLORED RICE USING DIFFERENT EXTRACTION METHODS, J. OLEO SCI., 572, PP. 565-572, (2017); ISHAKA A., IMAM M.U., MAHAMUD R., ZUKI A.B.Z., MAZNAH I., CHARACTERIZATION OF RICE BRAN WAX POLICOSANOL AND ITS NANOEMULSION FORMULATION, INT. J. NANOMEDICINE, 9, PP. 2261-2269, (2014); PUENGTHAM J., ARYUSUK K., KITTIRATANAPIBOON K., JEYASHOKE N., KRISNANGKURA K., EXTRACTION PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLICOSANOL FROM THAI RICE BRAN WAX, KMUTT RES. DEV. J., 31, PP. 305-318, (2008); SHEN J., LUO F., LIN Q., POLICOSANOL: EXTRACTION AND BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS, J. FUNCT. FOODS, 57, PP. 351-360, (2019); WANG M.F., ET AL., COMPARISON OF VARIOUS EXTRACTION METHODS FOR POLICOSANOL FROM RICE BRAN WAX AND ESTABLISHMENT OF CHROMATOGRAPHIC FINGERPRINT OF POLICOSANOL, J. AGRIC. FOOD CHEM., 55, PP. 5552-5558, (2007); NING-NING S., HAI-RONG G., GAN-LIN C., GUO-LIANG Y., EXTRACTION OF HIGHER ALIPHATIC ALKANOLS FROM SUGARCANE WAX USING TRANSESTERIFICATION, FOOD RES. DEV., 28, PP. 28-30, (2008); GOTO M., KANDA H., WAHYUDIONO, MACHMUDAH S., EXTRACTION OF CAROTENOIDS AND LIPIDS FROM ALGAE BY SUPERCRITICAL CO<SUB>2</SUB> AND SUBCRITICAL DIMETHYL ETHER, J. SUPERCRIT. FLUIDS, 96, PP. 245-251, (2015); POOJARY M.M., ET AL., INNOVATIVE ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGIES TO EXTRACT CAROTENOIDS FROM MICROALGAE AND SEAWEEDS, MAR. DRUGS, 14, PP. 1-34, (2016); MANDAL S.C., MANDAL V., DAS A.K., CLASSIFICATION OF EXTRACTION METHODS, ESSENTIALS OF BOTANICAL EXTRACTION, PP. 83-136, (2015); LIU Y., YU J., WANG X., EXTRACTION OF POLICOSANOLS FROM HYDROLYSED RICE BRAN WAX BY HIGH-INTENSITY ULTRASOUND, INT. J. FOOD SCI. TECHNOL., 43, PP. 763-769, (2008); CHOTIMARKORN C., BENJAKUL S., SILALAI N., ANTIOXIDANT COMPONENTS AND PROPERTIES OF FIVE LONG-GRAINED RICE BRAN EXTRACTS FROM COMMERCIAL AVAILABLE CULTIVARS IN THAILAND, FOOD CHEM., 111, PP. 636-641, (2008); LILITCHAN S., ET AL., PARTIAL EXTRACTION METHOD FOR THE RAPID ANALYSIS OF TOTAL LIPIDS AND Γ-ORYZANOL CONTENTS IN RICE BRAN, FOOD CHEM., 106, PP. 752-759, (2008); LAI P., LI K.Y., LU S., CHEN H.H., PHYTOCHEMICALS AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF SOLVENT EXTRACTS FROM JAPONICA RICE BRAN, FOOD CHEM., 117, PP. 538-544, (2009); BHATNAGAR A.S., PRABHAKAR D.S., PRASANTH KUMAR P.K., RAJA RAJAN R.G., GOPALA KRISHNA A.G., PROCESSING OF COMMERCIAL RICE BRAN FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FAT AND NUTRACEUTICAL RICH RICE BROKENS, RICE GERM AND PURE BRAN, LWT FOOD SCI. TECHNOL., 58, PP. 306-311, (2014); CHEN F., ET AL., PURIFICATION PROCESS OF OCTACOSANOL EXTRACTS FROM RICE BRAN WAX BY MOLECULAR DISTILLATION, J. FOOD ENG., 79, PP. 63-68, (2007); LORENZ P., ET AL., NATURAL WAX CONSTITUENTS OF A SUPERCRITICAL FLUID CO<SUB>2</SUB> EXTRACT FROM QUINCE (CYDONIA OBLONGA MILL) POMACE, ANAL. BIOANAL. CHEM., 391, PP. 633-646, (2008); INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL FOR HARMONISATION OF TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR PHARMACEUTICALS FOR HUMAN USE (ICH), ICH Q3C MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES FOR THE GUIDANCE FOR INDUSTRY Q3C IMPURITIES: RESIDUAL SOLVENTS, (2017); PATNAIK P., A COMPREHENSIVE GUIDE TO THE HAZARDOUS PROPERTIES OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES, (2006); EVALUATION REPORT OF FOOD ADDITIVES ACETALDEHYDE. FOOD SAFETY COMMISSION OF JAPAN, (2005)","M. WEERAWATANAKORN; DEPARTMENT OF AGRO-INDUSTRY, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT, NARESUAN UNIVERSITY, PHITSANULOK, 99 MOO 9, THA PHO, MUEANG, 65000, THAILAND; EMAIL: MONTHANAC@NU.AC.TH","NATURE RESEARCH","ENGLISH","SCI. REP.","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-85097045016","SCI REP","NARESUAN UNIVERSITY;NARESUAN UNIVERSITY;NARESUAN UNIVERSITY","NOTREPORTED;NARESUAN UNIVERSITY;NOTREPORTED",NA,"WONGWAIWECH D, 2020, SCI REP","WONGWAIWECH D, 2020, SCI REP"
"GOUNI-BERTHOLD I;BERTHOLD H","GOUNI-BERTHOLD, IOANNA (56216445200); BERTHOLD, HEINER K. (9734847000)","POLICOSANOL CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF A NEW LIPIDLOWERING AGENT",2002,"AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL","143","9",213,"10.1067/mhj.2002.119997","MEDICAL POLICLINIC, UNIVERSITY OF BONN, BONN, GERMANY;INSTITUTE FOR CLINICAL RESEARCH, DEPARTMENT OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, CENTER FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, ROTENBURG DER FULDA, GERMANY","BACKGROUND: POLICOSANOL IS A MIXTURE OF HIGHER PRIMARY ALIPHATIC ALCOHOLS ISOLATED FROM SUGAR CANE WAX, WHOSE MAIN COMPONENT IS OCTACOSANOL. THE MIXTURE HAS BEEN SHOWN TO LOWER CHOLESTEROL IN ANIMAL MODELS, HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, AND PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA. METHODS: WE REVIEWED THE LITERATURE ON PLACEBO-CONTROLLED LIPID-LOWERING STUDIES USING POLICOSANOL PUBLISHED IN PEER-REVIEWED JOURNALS AS WELL AS STUDIES INVESTIGATING ITS MECHANISM OF ACTION AND ITS CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY. RESULTS: AT DOSES OF 10 TO 20 MG PER DAY, POLICOSANOL LOWERS TOTAL CHOLESTEROL BY 17% TO 21% AND LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN (LDL) CHOLESTEROL BY 21% TO 29% AND RAISES HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL BY 8% TO 15%. BECAUSE HIGHER DOSES HAVE NOT BEEN TESTED UP TO NOW, IT CANNOT BE EXCLUDED THAT EFFECTIVENESS MAY BE EVEN GREATER. DAILY DOSES OF 10 MG OF POLICOSANOL HAVE BEEN SHOWN TO BE EQUALLY EFFECTIVE IN LOWERING TOTAL OR LDL CHOLESTEROL AS THE SAME DOSE OF SIMVASTATIN OR PRAVASTATIN. TRIGLYCERIDE LEVELS ARE NOT INFLUENCED BY POLICOSANOL. AT DOSAGES OF UP TO 20 MG PER DAY, POLICOSANOL IS SAFE AND WELL TOLERATED, AS STUDIES OF >3 YEARS OF THERAPY INDICATE. THERE IS EVIDENCE FROM IN VITRO STUDIES THAT POLICOSANOL MAY INHIBIT HEPATIC CHOLESTEROL SYNTHESIS AT A STEP BEFORE MEVALONATE GENERATION, BUT DIRECT INHIBITION OF THE HYDROXY-METHYLGLUTARYL-COENZYME A REDUCTASE IS UNLIKELY. ANIMAL STUDIES SUGGEST THAT LDL CATABOLISM MAY BE ENHANCED, POSSIBLY THROUGH RECEPTOR-MEDIATED MECHANISMS, BUT THE PRECISE MECHANISM OF ACTION IS NOT UNDERSTOOD YET. POLICOSANOL HAS ADDITIONAL BENEFICIAL PROPERTIES SUCH AS EFFECTS ON SMOOTH MUSCLE CELL PROLIFERATION, PLATELET AGGREGATION, AND LDL PEROXIDATION. DATA ON EFFICACY DETERMINED BY CLINICAL END POINTS SUCH AS RATES OF CARDIAC EVENTS OR CARDIAC MORTALITY ARE LACKING. CONCLUSIONS: POLICOSANOL SEEMS TO BE A VERY PROMISING PHYTOCHEMICAL ALTERNATIVE TO CLASSIC LIPID-LOWERING AGENTS SUCH AS THE STATINS AND DESERVES FURTHER EVALUATION. © 2002 ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.","","ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENTS; CHOLESTEROL; DRUG INTERACTIONS; FATTY ALCOHOLS; HUMANS; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; LIPOPROTEINS, LDL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS; CHOLESTEROL; FATTY ALCOHOL; HYPOCHOLESTEROLEMIC AGENT; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; POLICOSANOL; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; DRUG INTERACTION; HUMAN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; METABOLISM; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; REVIEW","","","KANNEL WB, CASTELLI WP, GORDON T, ET AL., LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL IN THE PREDICTION OF ATHEROSCLEROTIC DISEASE: NEW PERSPECTIVES BASED ON THE FRAMINGHAM HEART STUDY, ANN INTERN MED, 90, PP. 85-91, (1995); EXPERT PANEL, REPORT OF THE NATIONAL CHOLESTEROL EDUCATION PROGRAM EXPERT PANEL ON DETECTION, EVALUATION, AND TREATMENT OF HIGH BLOOD CHOLESTEROL IN ADULTS, ARCH INTERN MED, 148, PP. 36-69, (1988); EXPERT PANEL ON DETECTION, EVALUATION, AND TREATMENT OF HIGH BLOOD CHOLESTEROL IN ADULTS, SUMMARY OF THE SECOND REPORT OF THE NATIONAL CHOLESTEROL EDUCATION PROGRAM (NCEP) EXPERT PANEL ON DETECTION, EVALUATION, AND TREATMENT OF HIGH BLOOD CHOLESTEROL IN ADULTS (ADULT TREATMENT PANEL II), JAMA, 269, PP. 3015-3023, (1993); GOULD AL, ROSSOUW JE, SANTANELLO NC, ET AL., CHOLESTEROL REDUCTION YIELDS CLINICAL BENEFIT: A NEW LOOK AT OLD DATA, CIRCULATION, 91, PP. 2274-2282, (1995); SEMPOS CT, CLEEMAN JI, CARROLL MD, ET AL., PREVALENCE OF HIGH BLOOD CHOLESTEROL AMONG US ADULTS: AN UPDATE BASED ON GUIDELINES FROM THE SECOND REPORT OF THE NATIONAL CHOLESTEROL EDUCATION PROGRAM ADULT TREATMENT PANEL, JAMA, 269, PP. 3009-3014, (1993); PEARSON TA, LAURORA I, CHU H, ET AL., THE LIPID TREATMENT ASSESSMENT PROJECT (L-TAP)—A MULTICENTER SURVEY TO EVALUATE THE PERCENTAGES OF DYSLIPIDEMIC PATIENTS RECEIVING LIPID-LOWERING THERAPY AND ACHIEVING LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL GOALS, ARCH INTERN MED, 160, PP. 459-467, (2000); MENENDEZ R, FERNANDEZ SI, DEL RIO A, ET AL., POLICOSANOL INHIBITS CHOLESTEROL BIOSYNTHESIS AND ENHANCES LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN PROCESSING IN CULTURED HUMAN FIBROBLASTS, BIOL RES, 27, PP. 199-203, (1994); MENENDEZ R, AMOR AM, GONZALEZ RM, ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON THE HEPATIC CHOLESTEROL BIOSYNTHESIS OF NORMOCHOLESTEROLEMIC RATS, BIOL RES, 29, PP. 253-257, (1996); MENENDEZ R, ARRUZAZABALA L, MAS R, ET AL., CHOLESTEROL-LOWERING EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON RABBITS WITH HYPERCHOLESTEROLAEMIA INDUCED BY A WHEAT STARCH-CASEIN DIET, BR J NUTR, 77, PP. 923-932, (1997); RIZZO WB, CRAFT DA, DAMMANN AL, ET AL., FATTY ALCOHOL METABOLISM IN CULTURED HUMAN FIBROBLASTS: EVIDENCE FOR A FATTY ALCOHOL CYCLE, J BIOL CHEM, 262, PP. 17412-17419, (1987); ICHIHARA K, KUSUNOSE E, NODA Y, ET AL., SOME PROPERTIES OF THE FATTY ALCOHOL OXIDATION SYSTEM AND RECONSTITUTION OF MICROSOMAL OXIDATION ACTIVITY IN INTESTINAL MUCOSA, BIOCHIM BIOPHYS ACTA, 878, PP. 412-418, (1986); KAWAMURA N, MOSER HW, KISHIMOTO Y., VERY LONG CHAIN FATTY ACID OXIDATION IN RAT LIVER, BIOCHEM BIOPHYS RES COMMUN, 99, PP. 1216-1225, (1981); SINGH H, DERWAS N, POULOS A., VERY LONG CHAIN FATTY ACID BETA-OXIDATION BY RAT LIVER MITOCHONDRIA AND PEROXISOMES, ARCH BIOCHEM BIOPHYS, 259, PP. 382-390, (1987); MENENDEZ R, SOTOLONGO V, FRAGA V, ET AL., PLASMA LEVELS AND EXCRETION OF TOTAL RADIOACTIVITY IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS AFTER ORAL ADMINISTRATION OF 3H-OCTACOSANOL, REV CNIC CIEN BIOL, 27, PP. 32-35, (1996); GONZALES CANAVACIOLO VL, MAGRANER HERNANDEZ J., VALIDATION OF A GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD FOR DETERMINING FATTY ALCOHOLS THAT COMPOSE POLICOSANOL IN FIVE-MILLIGRAM FILM-COATED TABLETS, J AOAC INT, 82, PP. 834-839, (1999); GONZALES-BRAVO D, MAGRANER-HERNANDEZ J, ACOSTA-GONZALES PC, ET AL., ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF 1-OCTACOSANOL IN PLASMA BY SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND CAPILLARY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY, J CHROMATR, 682, PP. 359-363, (1996); KABIR Y, KIMURA S., BIODISTRIBUTION AND METABOLISM OF ORALLY ADMINISTERED OCTACOSANOL IN RATS, ANN NUTR METAB, 37, PP. 33-38, (1993); RODRIGUEZ MD, GARCIA H., TERATOGENIC AND REPRODUCTIVE STUDIES OF POLICOSANOL IN THE RAT AND RABBIT, TERATOG CARCINOG MUTAGEN, 14, PP. 107-113, (1994); RODRIGUEZ MD, SANCHEZ M, GARCIA H., MULTIGENERATIONAL REPRODUCTION STUDY OF POLICOSANOL IN RATS, TOXICOL LETT, 90, PP. 97-106, (1997); RODRIGUEZ MD, GARCIA H., EVALUATION OF PERI- AND POST-NATAL TOXICITY OF POLICOSANOL IN RATS, TERATOG CARCINOG MUTAGEN, 18, PP. 1-7, (1998); ZARDOYA R, TULA L, CASTANO G, ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL ON HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC PATIENTS WITH ABNORMAL SERUM BIOCHEMICAL INDICATORS OF HEPATIC FUNCTION, CURR THER RES, 57, PP. 568-577, (1996); ALEMAN CL, MAS R, HERNANDEZ C, ET AL., A 12 MONTHS STUDY OF POLICOSANOL ORAL TOXICITY IN SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS, TOXICOL LETT, 70, PP. 77-87, (1994); PONS P, RODRIGUEZ M, ROBAINA C, ET AL., EFFECTS OF SUCCESSIVE DOSE INCREASES OF POLICOSANOL ON THE LIPID PROFILE OF PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA AND TOLERABILITY TO TREATMENT, INT J CLIN PHARM RES, 14, PP. 27-33, (1994); CANETTI MM, MOREIRA M, MAS R, ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL ON PRIMARY HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA: A 3-YEAR OPENEXTENSION FOLLOW-UP, CURR THER RES, 58, PP. 868-875, (1997); FERNANDEZ L, MAS R, ILLNAIT J, ET AL., POLICOSANOL: RESULTS OF A POSTMARKETING SURVEILLANCE STUDY OF 27,879 PATIENTS, CURR THER RES, 59, PP. 717-722, (1998); MAS R, RIVAS P, IZQUIERDO JE, ET AL., PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDY OF POLICOSANOL, CURR THER RES, 60, PP. 458-467, (1999); HERNANDEZ F, ILLNAIT J, MAS R, ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON SERUM LIPIDS AND LIPOPROTEINS IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, CURR THER RES, 51, PP. 568-575, (1992); PONS P, MAS R, ILLNAIT J, ET AL., EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF POLICOSANOL IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES, 52, PP. 507-513, (1992); ANEIROS E, MAS R, CALDERON B, ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL IN LOWERING CHOLESTEROL LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES, 56, PP. 176-182, (1995); ANEIROS E, CALDERON B, MAS R, ET AL., EFFECT OF SUCCESSIVE DOSE INCREASES OF POLICOSANOL ON THE LIPID PROFILE AND TOLERABILITY OF TREATMENT, CURR THER RES, 54, PP. 304-312, (1993); PONS P, RODRIGUEZ M, MAS R, ET AL., ONE YEAR EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF POLICOSANOL IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES, 55, PP. 1084-1092, (1994); CANETTI M, MOREIRA M, ILLNAIT J, ET AL., ONE-YEAR STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON LIPID PROFILE IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, ADV THER, 12, PP. 245-254, (1995); CANETTI M, MOREIRA M, MAS R, ET AL., A TWO-YEAR STUDY ON THE EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF POLICOSANOL IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERLIPOPROTEINAEMIA, INT J CLIN PHARM RES, 15, PP. 159-165, (1995); CASTANO G, MAS R, FERNANDEZ JC, ET AL., A LONG-TERM, OPEN-LABEL STUDY OF THE EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF POLICOSANOL IN PATIENTS WITH HIGH GLOBAL CORONARY RISK, CURR THER RES, 60, PP. 379-391, (1999); CASTANO G, MAS R, FERNANDEZ L, ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL ON POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, GYNECOL ENDOCRINOL, 14, PP. 187-195, (2000); TORRES O, AGRAMONTE AJ, ILLNAIT J, ET AL., TREATMENT OF HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA IN NIDDM WITH POLICOSANOL, DIABETES CARE, 18, PP. 393-396, (1995); CRESPO N, ALVAREZ R, MAS R, ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL ON PATIENTS WITH NON-INSULIN-DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS AND HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA: A PILOT STUDY, CURR THER RES, 58, PP. 44-51, (1997); CASTANO G, TULA L, CANETTI M, ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES, 57, PP. 691-699, (1996); CASTANO G, CANETTI M, MOREIRA M, ET AL., EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF POLICOSANOL IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA: A 12-MONTH STUDY, CURR THER RES, 56, PP. 819-828, (1995); MAS R, CASTANO G, ILLNAIT J, ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA AND ADDITIONAL CORONARY RISK FACTORS, CLIN PHARMACOL THER, 65, PP. 439-447, (1999); ORTENSI G, GLADSTEIN J, VALLI H, ET AL., A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF POLICOSANOL VERSUS SIMVASTATIN IN ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES, 58, PP. 390-401, (1997); BENITEZ M, ROMERO C, MAS R, ET AL., A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF POLICOSANOL VERSUS PRAVASTATIN IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, CURR THER RES, 58, PP. 859-867, (1997); CASTANO G, MAS R, ARRUZAZABALA MDL, ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL AND PRAVASTATIN ON LIPID PROFILE, PLATELET AGGREGATION AND ENDOTHELEMIA IN OLDER HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC PATIENTS, INT J CLIN PHARM RES, 19, PP. 105-116, (1999); CRESPO N, ILLNAIT J, MAS R, ET AL., COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF POLICOSANOL AND LOVASTATIN IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA AND NONINSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS, INT J CLIN PHARM RES, 19, PP. 117-127, (1999); CASTANO G, MAS R, FERNANDEZ JC, ET AL., EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY OF POLICOSANOL COMPARED WITH LOVASTATIN IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA AND CONCOMITANT CORONARY RISK FACTORS, CURR THER RES, 61, PP. 137-146, (2000); MARCELLO S, GLADSTEIN J, TESONE P, ET AL., EFFECTS OF BEZAFIBRATE PLUS POLICOSANOL OR PLACEBO IN PATIENTS WITH COMBINED DYSLIPIDEMIA: A PILOT STUDY, CURR THER RES, 61, PP. 346-357, (2000); BATISTA J, STUSSER R, SAEZ F, ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON HYPERLIPIDEMIA AND CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN MIDDLE-AGED PATIENTS: A 14-MONTH PILOT STUDY, INT J CLIN PHARM THER, 34, PP. 134-137, (1996); STUSSER R, BATISTA J, PADRON R, ET AL., LONG-TERM THERAPY WITH POLICOSANOL IMPROVES TREADMILL EXERCISE-ECG TESTING PERFORMANCE OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE PATIENTS, INT J CLIN PHARM THER, 36, PP. 469-473, (1998); BATISTA J, STUSSER RJ, PADRON R, ET AL., FUNCTIONAL IMPROVEMENT IN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE AFTER 20 MONTHS OF LIPID-LOWERING THERAPY WITH POLICOSANOL, ADV THER, 13, PP. 137-148, (1996); CASTANO G, MAS R, FERNANDEZ JC, ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL IN OLDER PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA AND HIGH CORONARY RISK, J GERONTOL A BIOL SCI MED SCI, 56, PP. M186-M192, (2001); BATISTA J, STUSSER R, PENICHET M, ET AL., DOPPLER-ULTRASOUND PILOT STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF LONG-TERM POLICOSANOL THERAPY ON CAROTOID-VERTEBRAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS, CURR THER RES, 56, PP. 906-914, (1995); SAINT-JOHN M, MCNAUGHTON L., OCTACOSANOL INGESTION AND ITS EFFECTS ON METABOLIC RESPONSES TO SUBMAXIMAL CYCLE ERGOMETRY REACTION TIME AND CHEST AND GRIP STRENGTH, INT CLIN NUTR REV, 6, PP. 81-87, (1986); CASTANO G, MAS R, ROCA J, ET AL., A DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL IN PATIENTS WITH INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION, ANGIOLOGY, 50, PP. 123-130, (1999); CASTANO G, MAS FERREIRO R, FERNANDEZ L, ET AL., A LONG-TERM STUDY OF POLICOSANOL IN THE TREATMENT OF INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION, ANGIOLOGY, 52, PP. 115-125, (2001); NOA M, MAS R, DE LA ROSA MC, ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON LIPOFUNDIN-INDUCED LESIONS IN RATS, J PHARM PHARMACOL, 47, PP. 289-291, (1995); NOA M, DE LA ROSA MC, MAS R., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON FOAM-CELL FORMATION IN CARRAGEENAN-INDUCED GRANULOMAS IN RATS, J PHARM PHARMACOL, 48, PP. 306-309, (1996); NOA M, MAS R, MESA R., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON INTIMAL THICKENING IN RABBIT CUFFED CAROTID ARTERY, INT J CARDIOL, 67, PP. 125-132, (1998); FRAGA V, MENENDEZ R, AMOR AM, ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON IN VIVO AND IN VITRO RAT LIVER MICROSOMAL LIPID PEROXIDATION, ARCH MED RES, 28, PP. 355-360, (1997); MENENDEZ R, MAS R, AMOR AM, ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL TREATMENT ON THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN (LDL) ISOLATED FROM HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS TO OXIDATIVE MODIFICATION IN VITRO, BR J CLIN PHARMACOL, 50, PP. 255-262, (2000); ARRUZAZABALA ML, CARBAJAL D, MAS R, ET AL., EFFECTS OF POLICOSANOL ON PLATELET AGGREGATION IN RATS, THROMB RES, 69, PP. 321-327, (1992); ARRUZAZABALA ML, MOLINA V, CARBAJAL D, ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA IN MONGOLIAN GERBILS: ROLE OF PROSTACYCLIN AND THROMBOXANE A2, PROSTAGLANDIN LEUKOT ESSENT FATTY ACIDS, 49, PP. 695-697, (1993); CARBAJAL D, ARRUZAZABALA ML, MAS R, ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON EXPERIMENTAL THROMBOSIS MODELS, PROSTAGLANDIN LEUKOT ESSENT FATTY ACIDS, 50, PP. 249-251, (1994); MOLINA V, ARRUZAZABALA ML, CARBAJAL D, ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA IN MONGOLIAN GERBILS, BRAZ J MED BIOL RES, 32, PP. 1269-1276, (1999); ARRUZAZABALA ML, VALDES S, MAS R, ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL SUCCESSIVE DOSE INCREASES ON PLATELET AGGREGATION IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, PHARMACOL RES, 34, PP. 181-185, (1996); VALDES S, ARRUZAZABALA ML, FERNANDEZ L, ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON PLATELET AGGREGATION IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, INT J CLIN PHARM RES, 16, PP. 67-72, (1996); ARRUZAZABALA ML, MAS R, MOLINA V, ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON PLATELET AGGREGATION IN TYPE II HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC PATIENTS, INT J TISSUE REACT, 20, PP. 119-124, (1998); ARRUZAZABALA ML, VALDES S, MAS R, ET AL., COMPARATIVE STUDY OF POLICOSANOL, ASPIRIN AND THE COMBINATION OF POLICOSANOL-ASPIRIN ON PLATELET AGGREGATION IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, PHARMACOL RES, 36, PP. 293-297, (1997); CARBAJAL D, ARRUZAZABALA ML, VALDES S, ET AL., EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON PLATELET AGGREGATION AND SERUM LEVELS OF ARACHIDONIC ACID METABOLITES IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, PROSTAGLANDIN LEUKOT ESSENT FATTY ACIDS, 58, PP. 61-64, (1998)","H.K. BERTHOLD; INSTITUTE FOR CLINICAL RESEARCH, DEPARTMENT OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, CENTER FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, 36199 ROTENBURG DER FULDA, GERMANY; EMAIL: BERTHOLD@UNI-BONN.DE","","ENGLISH","AM. HEART J.","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-0036481621","AM HEART J","UNIVERSITY OF BONN;INSTITUTE FOR CLINICAL RESEARCH","NOTREPORTED;INSTITUTE FOR CLINICAL RESEARCH;NOTREPORTED",NA,"GOUNI-BERTHOLD I, 2002, AM HEART J","GOUNI-BERTHOLD I, 2002, AM HEART J"
"WHAYNE T","WHAYNE, THOMAS F. (57204791430)","EVALUATION AND CRITIQUE OF STATE OF THE ART DYSLIPIDEMIA MANAGEMENT IN GENERAL AND WITH A SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON THE INDIAN POPULATION",2007,"INDIAN HEART JOURNAL","59","7",9,"","GILL HEART INSTITUTE, DIVISION OF CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY, LEXINGTON, KY 40536-0200, 900 SOUTH LIMESTONE, UNITED STATES","CLASSICALLY, THERE HAVE BEEN THREE WELL ESTABLISHED MAJOR CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS, HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, HYPERTENSION AND TOBACCO ABUSE. WITH ACCUMULATING CLINICAL EVIDENCE, DIABETES CAN NOW BE ADDED AS A FOURTH MAJOR RISK FACTOR. MUCH INTEREST IN VARIOUS OTHER RISK FACTORS AND POSSIBLE CAUSATIVE FACTORS HAS BEEN GENERATED, BUT IT SHOULD BE REMEMBERED THAT OF ALL THESE, LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS (LDL) REMAINS THE GOLD STANDARD FOR EVALUATING RISK. THE COMMON PERCEPTION IS THAT ONLY CAUCASIANS IN THE WESTERN WORLD HAVE SIGNIFICANT CARDIOVASCULAR (CV) RISK. HOWEVER, MUCH CLINICAL INFORMATION TO THE CONTRARY HAS ACCUMULATED AND NOW IT IS REALIZED THAT MANY OTHER ETHNIC GROUPS ALSO HAVE SIGNIFICANT CV DISEASE, SUCH AS IN INDIA, ESPECIALLY IN THE URBAN POPULATION. DYSLIPIDEMIAS OF SPECIFIC LIPOPROTEINS AND THEIR TREATMENT IS AN IMPORTANT PART OF UNDERSTANDING AND MANAGING CV DISEASE AND RISK. VARIOUS PLASMA FACTORS SUCH AS HOMOCYSTEINE AND LIPOPROTEIN (A) [LP(A)] HAVE BEEN CONSIDERED TO HAVE DEFINITE ASSOCIATIONS WITH CV DISEASE, BUT ANY TREATMENT BENEFIT REMAINS IN DOUBT. IN ADDITION, INFLAMMATORY RISK FACTORS ARE CONSIDERED TO BE OF SIGNIFICANT CLINICAL INTEREST, ESPECIALLY HIGH SENSITIVITY C-REACTIVE PROTEIN (HSCRP). WHERE DO THESE FACTORS FIT INTO ROUTINE CLINICAL PRACTICE STILL AWAITS CLARIFICATION. ONLY TWO OF THESE INFLAMMATORY RISK FACTORS CAN BE TESTED COMMERCIALLY ON A ROUTINE CLINICAL BASIS AND THESE ARE HSCRP AND LIPOPROTEIN- ASSOCIATED PHOSPHOLIPASE A2 (LP-PLA2). THEIR CLINICAL UTILLITY IS NOT ESTABLISHED AND ACCEPTANCE IS LIMITED: SOME THIRD PARTY HEALTH COVERAGE ORGANIZATIONS REFUSE TO PAY FOR SUCH ANALYSES. IN THE PAST, WOMEN HAVE BEEN LOOKED UPON AS NOT HAVING SIGNIFICANT CV DISEASE. MORE RECENTLY, EVIDENCE SUGGESTS THAT WOMEN MAY HAVE MORE CV DISEASE THAN MEN, AND THAT PHYSICIANS MAY HAVE FAILED TO REALIZE THIS AND ACT ACCORDINGLY. THE TRUE SITUATION IS THAT WOMEN HAVE LESS CV DISEASE THAN MEN PRIOR TO MENOPAUSE AND THEN THEY SLOWLY CATCH UP. HOWEVER, SOME WOMEN UNDER AGE 50 HAVE AN ESPECIALLY MALIGNANT FORM OF CV DISEASE AND IN THESE CASES, MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION MORTALITY IS TWICE THAT OF MEN. THE EXPLANATION AND MANAGEMENT IS THE SUBJECT OF MUCH CLINICAL INVESTIGATION. IN BOTH INDIA AND THE WESTERN WORLD, PERHAPS THE MOST IMPORTANT MEDICAL PROBLEM IS THE METABOLIC SYNDROME (MS) AND THIS COMBINATION OF CV RISK FACTORS MULTIPLIES THE SIGNIFICANCE OF EACH. FOR THE DIFFICULT PATIENT NOT TOLERANT OF OR SUFFICIENTLY RESPONSIVE TO CONVENTIONAL THERAPY, ALTERNATIVE DIETS AND MEDICATIONS CAN FREQUENTLY OFFER JUST ENOUGH BENEFIT IN LOWERING LDL TO ALLOW THE PATIENT TO ATTAIN THEIR TARGET LEVEL. FUTURE TREATMENTS UNDOUBTEDLY WILL INVOLVE GENETICS, BUT FOR NOW, AGGRESSIVE MEDICATION USE CAN FAVORABLY MODIFY RISK ALTHOUGH NOT ELIMINATE IT.","HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS; INFLAMMATION; LIPOPROTEINS; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS; METABOLIC SYNDROME; RISK FACTORS; VERY LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS","ANTILIPEMIC AGENTS; ASIA; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CHOLESTEROL, HDL; CHOLESTEROL, LDL; DIET; DYSLIPIDEMIAS; HOMOCYSTEINE; HUMANS; INDIA; INFLAMMATION; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; RISK FACTORS; ATORVASTATIN; C REACTIVE PROTEIN; CHYLOMICRON; CYANOCOBALAMIN; EZETIMIBE; EZETIMIBE PLUS SIMVASTATIN; FIBRIC ACID DERIVATIVE; FOLIC ACID; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; HOMOCYSTEINE; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; INTERCELLULAR ADHESION MOLECULE 1; NICOTINIC ACID; OMEGA 3 FATTY ACID; PHOSPHOLIPASE A2; PIPEROCAINE; POLICOSANOL; PYRIDOXINE; TORCETRAPIB; VASCULAR CELL ADHESION MOLECULE 1; ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME; ANGIOCARDIOGRAPHY; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CLINICAL EVALUATION; CLINICAL TRIAL; CORONARY ARTERY ATHEROSCLEROSIS; DIABETES MELLITUS; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DYSLIPIDEMIA; HEART INFARCTION; HUMAN; HYPERLIPIDEMIA; HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA; INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; MENOPAUSE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; REVIEW","","","SYTKOWSKI P., KANNEL W.B., D'AGOSTINO R.B., CHANGES IN RISK FACTORS AND THE DECLINE IN MORTALITY FROM CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE. 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"FERRER J","FERRER, JOSÉ ILLNAIT (58413016500)","FARMACOTERAPIA DE LA DISLIPIDEMIA EN EL ANCIANO",1999,"REVISTA CUBANA DE MEDICINA GENERAL INTEGRAL","15","7",4,"","CIENCIAS, LABORATORIO CLÍNICO, CENTRO NACIONAL DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTÍFICAS, CUBA, CENTRO NACIONAL DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTÍFICAS, CUBANACÁN, PLAYA, CIUDAD DE LA HABANA, AVE. 25 Y 158, CUBA","THE AGED PATIENT HAS PECULIAR CHARACTERISTICS WHICH DETERMINE THAT DRUGS HAVE A DYNAMICS DIFFERENT FROM THAT OF THE YOUNGER PATIENTS. THIS IS ALSO VALID FOR ANTILIPEMIC DRUGS. THE CONVINIENCE OF INDICATING ANTILIPEMIC TREATMENT IN THE ELDERLY HAS BROUGHT ABOUT INTERESTING CONTROVERSIES; HOWEVER, THERE SEEMS TO BE CONSENSUS IN THE SENSE THAT DISLIPIDEMIA MUST BE TREATED IN THOSE OLD PATIENTS WITH GOOD LIFE EXPECTANCY. DRUGS MUST BE SELECTED ACCORDING TO THE INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE AGED PATIENT. POLICOSANOL IS ONE OF THE DRUGS THAT DUE TO ITS EFFICACY AND TOLERABILITY IS BETTER FOR THE CONDITIONS OF THE DISLIPIDEMIC ELDERLY.","AGING HEALTH; ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENTS/THERAPEUTIC USE; HYPERLIPIDEMIA/DRUG THERAPY; LIFE EXPECTANCY","","","","BILHEIMER D.W., CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING TREATMENT OF HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA IN ELDERLY, ATHEROSCLEROSIS, (1991); GOTTO A.M., ASSMANN N.G., CARMENA R., DAVIGNON J., FERNANDEZ-CRUZ A., PAOLETTI R., THE ILIB SPECTIAL CONSIDERATION IN THE ELDERLY, HANDBOOK FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE. BLOOD LIPIDS AND CORONARY HEART DISEASE, (1995); DENKE M.A., GRUNDY S.M., HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA IN THE ELDERLY PERSONS. 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A 12 MONTH STUDY, CURR THER RES, 56, 8, PP. 691-728, (1995)","","","SPANISH","REV. CUBA. MED. GEN. INTEGR.","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-52549095535","REV CUBA MED GEN INTEGR",NA,"NOTREPORTED",NA,"FERRER JI, 1999, REV CUBA MED GEN INTEGR","FERRER JI, 1999, REV CUBA MED GEN INTEGR"
"WONGWAIWECH D;WEERAWATANAKORN M;THARATHA S;HO C","WONGWAIWECH, DONPORN (57202775373); WEERAWATANAKORN, MONTHANA (55976489600); THARATHA, SOMSAK (24339236300); HO, CHI-TANG (56510763200)","COMPARATIVE STUDY ON AMOUNT OF NUTRACEUTICALS IN BYPRODUCTS FROM SOLVENT AND COLD PRESSING METHODS OF RICE BRAN OIL PROCESSING",2019,"JOURNAL OF FOOD AND DRUG ANALYSIS","27","11",33,"10.1016/j.jfda.2018.06.006","DEPARTMENT OF AGRO-INDUSTRY, NARESUAN UNIVERSITY, 99 MOO 9, THA PHO, PHITSANULOK, 65000, THAILAND;DEPARTMENT OF AGRO-INDUSTRY, NARESUAN UNIVERSITY, 99 MOO 9, THA PHO, PHITSANULOK, 65000, THAILAND;164/86 MOO 3, DONKAEW, MAERIM, CHIANGMAI, 50180, THAILAND;DEPARTMENT OF FOOD SCIENCE, RUTGERS UNIVERSITY, 65 DUDLEY ROAD, NEW BRUNSWICK, 08901, NJ, UNITED STATES","RICE BRAN OIL (RBO) HAS BECOME A POPULAR OIL GLOBALLY. HOWEVER, THE RBO EXTRACTION PROCESS LEAVES VARIOUS RESIDUE PRODUCTS, WHICH CONTAIN BIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES OF VARYING POTENCY WHICH COULD BE SIGNIFICANT SOURCES OF FUNCTIONAL INGREDIENTS FOR BOTH FOOD PRODUCTION AND PHARMACEUTICAL MANUFACTURE. THE OBJECTIVE OF OUR STUDY WAS TO COMPARE THE BIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN VARIOUS BY-PRODUCTS DERIVED FROM THE TWO RICE BRAN OIL PROCESSING METHODS; SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND COLD PRESSING. THE RESIDUES FROM SOLVENT EXTRACTION PROCESSING CONTAINED UP TO 97.37 MG/100 G OF Γ-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID IN DEFATTED RICE BRAN, AND THE RICE ACID OIL CONTAINED HIGH LEVELS OF VITAMIN E (TOCOPHEROLS, TOCOTRIENOLS), UP TO 120.59 MG/100 G, AS WELL AS Γ-ORYZANOL (3829.65 MG/100 G), PHYTOSTEROL (599.40 MG/100 G), AND POLICOSANOL COMPOUNDS (332.79 MG/100 G). ALL OF THESE VALUES ARE HIGHER THAN IN THE RESIDUES DERIVED FROM COLD PRESSING. IMPORTANTLY, HIGH AMOUNTS OF TOTAL NUTRACEUTICALS (8.3 KG/100 KG) WERE FOUND IN RESIDUES FROM BOTH PROCESSING METHODS, INDICATING THE COMMERCIAL POTENTIAL OF THESE RESIDUES AS A SOURCE OF FUNCTIONAL INGREDIENTS FOR FOOD PRODUCTION, AS DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS, AND IN PHARMACEUTICAL MANUFACTURE. © 2018","BY-PRODUCTS; COLD PRESSING PROCESS; NUTRACEUTICAL; REFINING PROCESS; RICE BRAN OIL","CHEMICAL FRACTIONATION; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS; FOOD HANDLING; ORYZA; PHENYLPROPIONATES; RICE BRAN OIL; SEEDS; VITAMIN E; WASTE PRODUCTS; 4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID; ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; ALPHA TOCOTRIENOL; BEHENYL ALCOHOL; CAMPESTEROL; GAMMA ORYZANOL; HEXACOSANOL; NUTRACEUTICAL; OCTACOSANOL; PHYTOSTEROL; POLICOSANOL; RICE BRAN OIL; SITOSTANOL; SITOSTEROL; SOLVENT; STIGMASTEROL; TOCOPHEROL; ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; GAMMA-ORYZANOL; PHENYLPROPIONIC ACID DERIVATIVE; RICE BRAN OIL; ARTICLE; COMPARATIVE STUDY; DIETARY SUPPLEMENT; FOOD INDUSTRY; LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; PLANT OIL PROCESSING; RICE BRAN; SOLVENT EXTRACTION; CHEMISTRY; FOOD HANDLING; FRACTIONATION; ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION; ORYZA; PLANT SEED; PROCEDURES; WASTE","NARESUAN UNIVERSITY LANGUAGE CENTRE; NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF THAILAND, NRCT, (R2559B019)","FUNDING TEXT 1: THIS STUDY WAS CARRIED OUT AS PART OF PROJECT NUMBER R2559B019 AND NRCT 32208 (2561) OF THE NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF THAILAND . 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ROY MORIEN OF THE NARESUAN UNIVERSITY LANGUAGE CENTRE FOR HIS EDITING ASSISTANCE AND ADVICE ON ENGLISH EXPRESSION IN THIS DOCUMENT.","THAI RICE EXPORTERS ASSOCIATION, THAI RICE PRODUCTION, CONSUMPTION, AND STOCKS, (2016); SAMAD N., RICE BRAN OIL PREVENTS NEUROLEPTIC-INDUCED EXTRAPYRAMIDAL SYMPTOMS IN RATS: POSSIBLE ANTIOXIDANT MECHANISMS, J FOOD DRUG ANAL, 23, PP. 370-375, (2015); PRASAD M.N., SANJAY K., KHATOKAR M.S., VISMAYA M., SWAMY S.N., HEALTH BENEFITS OF RICE BRAN - A REVIEW, J NUTR FOOD SCI, 1, PP. 1-7, (2011); PESTANA V.R., ZAMBIAZI R.C., MENDONCA C.R.B., BRUSCATTO M.H., RAMIS-RAMOS G., THE INFLUENCE OF INDUSTRIAL PROCESSING ON THE PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND LIPID AND ANTIOXIDANT CONTENTS OF RICE BRAN, GRASAS ACEITES, 60, PP. 184-193, (2009); PESTANA-BAUER V.R., ZAMBIAZI R.C., MENDONCA C.R.B., BENEITO-CAMBRA M., RAMIS-RAMOS G., Γ-ORYZANOL AND TOCOPHEROL CONTENTS IN RESIDUES OF RICE BRAN OIL REFINING, FOOD CHEM, 134, PP. 1479-1483, (2012); BHOSLE B.M., SUBRAMANIAN R., NEW APPROACHES IN DEACIDIFICATION OF EDIBLE OILS - A REVIEW, J FOOD ENG, 69, PP. 481-494, (2005); ORTHOEFER F.T., RICE BRAN OIL, BAILEY'S IND. 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FOOD DRUG ANAL.","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-85049327208","J FOOD DRUG ANAL","NARESUAN UNIVERSITY;NARESUAN UNIVERSITY;RUTGERS UNIVERSITY","NOTREPORTED;NARESUAN UNIVERSITY;NOTREPORTED",NA,"WONGWAIWECH D, 2019, J FOOD DRUG ANAL","WONGWAIWECH D, 2019, J FOOD DRUG ANAL"
"ESPOSITO R;SORRENTINO R;GIUGLIANO G;AVVEDIMENTO M;PAOLILLO R;SANTORO C;SCALAMOGNA M;ESPOSITO M;ILARDI F;ROZZA F;ESPOSITO G;GALDERISI M;TRIMARCO V","ESPOSITO, ROBERTA (15843137300); SORRENTINO, REGINA (58766999800); GIUGLIANO, GIUSEPPE (14029912800); AVVEDIMENTO, MARISA (57031880600); PAOLILLO, ROBERTA (57189262925); SANTORO, CIRO (54795845800); SCALAMOGNA, MARIA (57211254113); ESPOSITO, MAFALDA (57221854718); ILARDI, FEDERICA (41561578200); ROZZA, FRANCESCO (23498918300); ESPOSITO, GIOVANNI (55482395100); GALDERISI, MAURIZIO (57203882101); TRIMARCO, VALENTINA (6602355473)","DIFFERENT AGEINDEPENDENT EFFECTS OF NUTRACEUTICAL COMBINATIONS ON ENDOTHELIUMMEDIATED CORONARY FLOW RESERVE",2018,"IMMUNITY AND AGEING","15","",4,"10.1186/s12979-018-0138-3","DEPARTMENT OF ADVANCED BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES, FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, NAPLES, ITALY;DEPARTMENT OF ADVANCED BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES, FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, NAPLES, ITALY;DEPARTMENT OF ADVANCED BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES, FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, NAPLES, ITALY;DEPARTMENT OF ADVANCED BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES, FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, NAPLES, ITALY;DEPARTMENT OF ADVANCED BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES, FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, NAPLES, ITALY;DEPARTMENT OF ADVANCED BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES, FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, NAPLES, ITALY;DEPARTMENT OF ADVANCED BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES, FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, NAPLES, ITALY;DEPARTMENT OF ADVANCED BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES, FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, NAPLES, ITALY;DEPARTMENT OF ADVANCED BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES, FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, NAPLES, ITALY;DEPARTMENT OF ADVANCED BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES, FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, NAPLES, ITALY;DEPARTMENT OF ADVANCED BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES, FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, NAPLES, ITALY;DEPARTMENT OF ADVANCED BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES, FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, NAPLES, ITALY, INTERDEPARTMENTAL LABORATORY OF CARDIAC IMAGING, FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, VIA PANSINI 5, NAPLES, 80131, ITALY;DEPARTMENT OF ADVANCED BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES, FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, NAPLES, ITALY","BACKGROUND: SOME COMPONENTS OF NUTRACEUTICALS (NUT) SUCH AS RED YEAST RICE AND MORUS ALBA HAVE DEMONSTRATED POSITIVE EFFECTS ON THE ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION IN HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC SUBJECTS. OUR AIM WAS TO COMPARE THE EFFECTS OF TWO DIFFERENT NUT COMBINATIONS ON COLD PRESSURE TEST (CPT) DERIVED CORONARY FLOW RESERVE (CFR) ASSESSED BY TRANSTHORACIC ECHO-DOPPLER. RESULTS: IN A RANDOMIZED, SINGLE-BLIND STUDY, 28 CONSECUTIVE PATIENTS WITH A VARIETY OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS RECEIVED NUT A (LOPIGLIK®: BERBERINE, RED YEAST RICE POWDER, AND LEAF EXTRACT OF MORUS ALBA) OR B (ARMOLIPID PLUS®: POLICOSANOL, RED YEAST RICE, BERBERINE, ASTAXANTINE, FOLIC ACIDANDCOENZYME Q10). AN ECHO-DOPPLER EXAM WITH EVALUATION OF CFR WAS PERFORMED AT BASELINE, 2 H (ACUTE TEST) AND 30 DAYS AFTER DAILY NUT ASSUMPTION. BLOOD SAMPLING FOR METABOLIC PROFILE AND PLATELET AGGREGOMETRY WAS PERFORMED AT BASELINE AND AFTER 30 DAYS OF DAILY NUT ASSUMPTION. CFR WAS NOT SIGNIFICANTLY MODIFIED AT THE ACUTE TEST. AFTER 30 DAYS, CFR IMPROVED WITH NUT A (P < 0.0001), BECAUSE OF THE INCREASE OF HYPEREMIC FLOW VELOCITY (P = 0.007), BUT NOT WITH NUT B. CFR WAS COMPARABLE BETWEEN THE TWO GROUPS AT BASELINE BUT BECAME SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER AFTER 30 DAYS IN NUT A (P < 0.02), WITH A HIGHER CFR PERCENT VARIATION VERSUS BASELINE (P = 0.008). TOTAL CHOLESTEROL AND LDL-CHOLESTEROL WERE REDUCED WITH BOTH NUT A (P < 0.001 AND P < 0.002, RESPECTIVELY) AND B (BOTH P < 0.02), WHEREAS PLATELET AGGREGATION DID NOT SIGNIFICANTLY CHANGE. IN THE POOLED GROUP OF PATIENTS, AFTER ADJUSTING FOR AGE AND PERCENT CHANGES OF SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE, HEART RATE, LDL-CHOLESTEROL AND GLYCEMIA, NUT A – BUT NOT NUT B - WAS INDEPENDENTLY ASSOCIATED WITH CFR CHANGES (Β = 0.599, P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: LOPIGLIK® IMPROVED ENDOTHELIAL-DERIVED CFR, INDEPENDENTLY OF THE BENEFICIAL EFFECTS EXERTED ON THE LIPID PROFILE. THESE FINDINGS CAN HAVE CLINICAL REFLECTIONS ON THE PREVENTION OF AGE-RELATED INFLAMMATORY DISEASES INCLUDING CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE. TRIAL REGISTRATION: (NUTRENDO)″(CLINICALTRIALS.GOV, NCT02969070). © 2018, THE AUTHOR(S).","CHOLESTEROL-LOWERING; COLD PRESSURE TEST; CORONARY FLOW RESERVE; ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION; NUTRACEUTICAL THERAPY","ARMOLIPID PLUS; ASTAXANTINE; BERBERINE; CARDIAC AGENT; CHOLESTIN; FOLIC ACID; LOPIGLIK; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; MULBERRY EXTRACT; NUTRACEUTICAL; POLICOSANOL; UBIDECARENONE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; ARTICLE; BLOOD FLOW VELOCITY; BLOOD SAMPLING; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTOR; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CLINICAL ARTICLE; COLD PRESSOR TEST; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORONARY FLOW RESERVE; DOPPLER ULTRASONOGRAPHY; FEMALE; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; HEART RATE; HUMAN; HYPEREMIA; LIPID FINGERPRINTING; MALE; METABOLIC FINGERPRINTING; MIDDLE AGED; MONOTHERAPY; PLANT LEAF; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SINGLE BLIND PROCEDURE; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; THROMBOCYTE AGGREGATION; TRANSTHORACIC ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM","","","CAMICI P.G., CREA F., CORONARY MICROVASCULAR DYSFUNCTION, N ENGL J MED, 35, PP. 830-840, (2007); GALDERISI M., D'ERRICO A., BETA-BLOCKERS AND CORONARY FLOW RESERVE: THE IMPORTANCE OF A VASODILATORY ACTION, DRUGS, 68, PP. 579-590, (2008); SCHACHINGER V., BRITTEN M.B., ZEIHER A.M., PROGNOSTIC IMPACT OF CORONARY VASODILATOR DYSFUNCTION ON ADVERSE LONG-TERM OUTCOMES OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE, CIRCULATION, 101, PP. 1899-1906, (2000); POLI A., BARBAGALLO C.M., CICERO A.F.G., CORSINI A., MANZATO E., TRIMARCO B., ET AL., NUTRACEUTICALS AND FUNCTIONAL FOODS FOR THE CONTROL OF PLASMA CHOLESTEROL LEVELS. AN INTERSOCIETY POSITION PAPER, PHARMACOL RES, 134, PP. 51-60, (2018); ADORNI M.P., FERRI N., MARCHIANO S., TRIMARCO V., ROZZA F., IZZO R., EFFECT OF A NOVEL NUTRACEUTICAL COMBINATION ON SERUM LIPOPROTEIN FUNCTIONAL PROFILE AND CIRCULATING PCSK9, THER CLIN RISK MANAG, 13, PP. 1555-1562, (2017); TRIMARCO V., IZZO R., STABILE E., ROZZA F., SANTORO M., MANZI M.V., ET AL., EFFECTS OF A NEW COMBINATION OF NUTRACEUTICALS WITH MORUS ALBA ON LIPID PROFILE, INSULIN SENSITIVITY AND ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION IN DYSLIPIDEMIC SUBJECTS. A CROSS-OVER, RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND TRIAL, HIGH BLOOD PRESS CARDIOVASC PREV, 22, PP. 149-154, (2015); MILLAN J., CICERO A.F., TORRES F., ANGUERA A., EFFECTS OF A NUTRACEUTICAL COMBINATION CONTAINING BERBERINE (BRB), POLICOSANOL, AND RED YEAST RICE (RYR), ON LIPID PROFILE IN HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC PATIENTS: A META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMISED CONTROLLED TRIALS, CLIN INVESTIG ARTERIOSCLER, 28, PP. 178-187, (2016); PIRRO M., MANNARINO M.R., BIANCONI V., SIMENTAL-MENDIA L.E., BAGAGLIA F., MANNARINO E., ET AL., THE EFFECTS OF A NUTRACEUTICAL COMBINATION ON PLASMA LIPIDS AND GLUCOSE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS, PHARMACOL RES, 110, PP. 76-88, (2016); CATAPANO A.L., GRAHAM I., DE BACKER G., WIKLUND O., CHAPMAN M.J., DREXEL H., ET AL., ESC/EAS GUIDELINES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF DYSLIPIDAEMIAS, EUR HEART J, 2016, 37, (2016); REINER Z., CATAPANO A.L., DE BACKER G., GRAHAM I., TASKINEN M.R., WIKLUND O., ET AL., COMMITTEE FOR PRACTICE GUIDELINES (CPG)2008–2010 AND 2010–2012 COMMITTEES. ESC/EAS GUIDELINES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF DYSLIPIDAEMIAS: THE TASK FORCE FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF DYSLIPIDAEMIAS OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY (ESC) AND THE EUROPEAN ATHEROSCLEROSIS SOCIETY (EAS), EUR HEART J, 32, PP. 1769-1818, (2011); PIRRO M., VETRANI C., BIANCHI C., MANNARINO M.R., BERNINI F., RIVELLESE A.A., JOINT POSITION STATEMENT ON “NUTRACEUTICALS FOR THE TREATMENT OF HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA” OF THE ITALIAN SOCIETY OF DIABETOLOGY (SID) AND OF THE ITALIAN SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF ARTERIOSCLEROSIS (SISA), NMCD, 27, (2017); CARRIZZO A., AMBROSIO M., DAMATO A., MADONNA M., STORTO M., CAPOCCI L., ET AL., MORUS ALBA EXTRACT MODULATES BLOOD PRESSURE HOMEOSTASIS THROUGH ENOS SIGNALING, MOL NUTR FOOD RES, 60, PP. 2304-2311, (2016); DAYANIKLI F., GRAMBOW D., MUZIK O., MOSCA L., RUBENFIRE M., SCHWAIGER M., EARLY DETECTION OF ABNORMAL CORONARY FLOW RESERVE IN ASYMPTOMATIC MEN AT HIGH RISK FOR CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE USING POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY, CIRCULATION, 90, PP. 808-817, (1994); GOULD K.L., MARTUCCI J.P., GOLDBERG D.I., HESS M.J., EDENS R.P., LATIFI R., ET AL., SHORT-TERM CHOLESTEROL LOWERING DECREASES SIZE AND SEVERITY OF PERFUSION ABNORMALITIES BY POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY AFTER DIPYRIDAMOLE IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE, CIRCULATION, 89, PP. 1530-1538, (1994); LEMBO M., ESPOSITO R., LO IUDICE F., SANTORO C., IZZO R., DE LUCA N., ET AL., IMPACT OF PULSE PRESSURE ON LEFT VENTRICULAR GLOBAL LONGITUDINAL STRAIN IN NORMOTENSIVE AND NEWLY DIAGNOSED, UNTREATED HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS, J HYPERTENS, 34, PP. 1201-1207, (2016); LANG R.M., BADANO L.P., MOR-AVI V., AFILALO J., ARMSTRONG A., ERNANDE L., ET AL., RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CARDIAC CHAMBER QUANTIFICATION BY ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IN ADULTS: AN UPDATE FROM THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY AND THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION OF CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING, EUR HEART J CARDIOVASC IMAGING, 15, PP. 233-270, (2015); NAGUEH S.F., SMISETH O.A., APPLETON C.P., BYRD B.F., DOKAINISH H., EDVARDSEN T., ET AL., RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE EVALUATION OF LEFT VENTRICULAR DIASTOLIC FUNCTION BY ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY: AN UPDATE FROM THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY AND THE EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION OF CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING, J AM SOC ECHOCARDIOGR, 29, PP. 277-314, (2016); ZEIHER A.M., DREXLER H., WOLLSCHLAEGER H., SAURBIER B., JUST H., CORONARY VASOMOTION IN RESPONSE TO SYMPATHETIC STIMULATION IN HUMANS: IMPORTANCE OF THE FUNCTIONAL INTEGRITY OF THE ENDOTHELIUM, J AM COLL CARDIOL, 141, PP. 181-1190, (1989); EGASHIRA K., INOU T., HIROOKA Y., YAMADA A., URABE Y., TAKESHITA A., EVIDENCE OF IMPAIRED ENDOTHELIUM-DEPENDENT CORONARY VASODILATATION IN PATIENTS WITH ANGINA PECTORIS AND NORMAL CORONARY ANGIOGRAMS, N ENGL J MED, 328, PP. 1659-1664, (1993); CICALA S., GALDERISI M., GRIECO M., LAMBERTI A., COSIMI R., PELLEGRINI F., ET AL., TRANSTHORACIC ECHO-DOPPLER ASSESSMENT OF CORONARY MICROVASCULAR FUNCTION LATE AFTER KAWASAKI DISEASE, PEDIATR CARDIOL, 29, PP. 321-327, (2008); BIONDI B., GALDERISI M., PAGANO L., SIDIROPULOS M., PULCRANO M., D'ERRICO A., ET AL., ENDOTHELIAL-MEDIATED CORONARY FLOW RESERVE IN PATIENTS WITH MILD THYROID HORMONE DEFICIENCY, EUR J ENDOCRINOL, 161, PP. 323-329, (2009); IPPOLITO S., IPPOLITO R., PEIRCE C., ESPOSITO R., ARPAIA D., SANTORO C., PONTIERI G., COCOZZA S., GALDERISI M., BIONDI B., RECOMBINANT HUMAN THYROTROPIN IMPROVES ENDOTHELIAL CORONARY FLOW RESERVE IN THYROIDECTOMIZED PATIENTS WITH DIFFERENTIATED THYROID CANCER, THYROID, 26, PP. 1528-1534, (2016); FRIEDEWALD W.T., LEVY R.I., FREDRICKSON D.S., ESTIMATION OF THE CONCENTRATION OF LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL IN PLASMA, WITHOUT USE OF THE PREPARATIVE ULTRACENTRIFUGE, CLIN CHEM, 18, PP. 499-502, (1972); ILARDI F., GARGIULO G., SCHIATTARELLA G.G., GIUGLIANO G., PAOLILLO R., MENAFRA G., ET AL., EFFECTS OF CARVEDILOL VERSUS METOPROLOL ON PLATELET AGGREGATION IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME. THE PLATE-BLOCK STUDY, AM J CARDIOL, 122, PP. 6-11, (2018); MINGANT F., DIDIER R., GILARD M., MARTIN F., NICOL P.P., UGO V., ET AL., COMPARISON OF FOUR METHODS TO ASSESS HIGH-ON PLATELET REACTIVITY UNDER P2Y12 RECEPTOR INHIBITOR, PLATELETS, 29, PP. 257-264, (2018); AFFUSO F., RUVOLO A., MICILLO F., SACCA L., FAZIO S., EFFECTS OF A NUTRACEUTICAL COMBINATION (BERBERINE, RED YEAST RICE AND POLICOSANOLS) ON LIPID LEVELS AND ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED STUDY, NMCD, 20, PP. 656-661, (2010); LEE J.J., YANG H., YOO Y.M., HONG S.S., LEE D., LEE H.J., ET AL., MORUSINOL EXTRACTED FROM MORUS ALBA INHIBITS ARTERIAL THROMBOSIS AND MODULATES PLATELET ACTIVATION FOR THE TREATMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, J ATHEROSCLER THROMB, 19, PP. 516-522, (2012); KIM D.-S., JI H.D., RHEE M.H., SUNG Y.-Y., YANG W.-K., KIM S.H., KIM H.-K., ANTIPLATELET ACTIVITY OFMORUS ALBALEAVES EXTRACT, MEDIATED VIA INHIBITING GRANULE SECRETION AND BLOCKING THE PHOSPHORYLATION OF EXTRACELLULAR-SIGNAL-REGULATED KINASE AND AKT, EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE, 2014, PP. 1-11, (2014); KIM D.-S., IRFAN M., SUNG Y.-Y., KIM S.H., PARK S.H., CHOI Y.H., RHEE M.H., KIM H.K., SCHISANDRA CHINENSIS AND MORUS ALBA SYNERGISTICALLY INHIBIT IN VIVO THROMBUS FORMATION AND PLATELET AGGREGATION BY IMPAIRING THE GLYCOPROTEIN VI PATHWAY, EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE, 2017, PP. 1-10, (2017); FAN L.M., CAHILL-SMITH S., GENG L., DU J., BROOKS G., LI J.M., AGING-ASSOCIATED METABOLIC DISORDERS INDUCES NOX2 ACTIVATION AND OXIDATIVE DAMAGE ON ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION, FREE RADIC BIOL MED, 108, PP. 940-951, (2017); PANENI F., DIAZ CANESTRO C., LIBBY P., LUSCHER T.F., CAMICI G.G., THE AGING CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM: UNDERSTANDING IT AT THE CELLULAR AND CLINICAL LEVELS, J AM COLL CARDIOL., 69, PP. 1952-1967, (2017); HWANG S.H., LI H.M., LIM S.S., WANG Z., HONG J.-S., HUANG B., EVALUATION OF A STANDARDIZED EXTRACT FROMMORUS ALBAAGAINSTΑ-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITORY EFFECT AND POSTPRANDIAL ANTIHYPERGLYCEMIC IN PATIENTS WITH IMPAIRED GLUCOSE TOLERANCE: A RANDOMIZED DOUBLE-BLIND CLINICAL TRIAL, EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE, 2016, PP. 1-10, (2016); PIRRO M., MANNARINO M.R., MINISTRINI S., FALLARINO F., LUPATTELLI G., BIANCONI V., ET AL., EFFECTS OF A NUTRACEUTICAL COMBINATION ON LIPIDS, INFLAMMATION AND ENDOTHELIAL INTEGRITY IN PATIENTS WITH SUBCLINICAL INFLAMMATION: A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL, SCI REP, 6, (2016); IZZO R., DE SIMONE G., GIUDICE R., CHINALI M., TRIMARCO V., DE LUCA N., TRIMARCO B., EFFECTS OF NUTRACEUTICALS ON PREVALENCE OF METABOLIC SYNDROME AND ON CALCULATED FRAMINGHAM RISK SCORE IN INDIVIDUALS WITH DYSLIPIDEMIA, JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION, 28, 7, PP. 1482-1487, (2010)","M. GALDERISI; INTERDEPARTMENTAL LABORATORY OF CARDIAC IMAGING, FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, NAPLES, VIA PANSINI 5, 80131, ITALY; EMAIL: MGALDERI@UNINA.IT","BIOMED CENTRAL LTD","ENGLISH","IMMUN. AGEING","ARTICLE","ISI","2-S2.0-85066439352","IMMUN AGEING","FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL;FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL;FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL;FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL;FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL;FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL;FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL;FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL;FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL;FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL;FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL;FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL;FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL","NOTREPORTED;FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL;NOTREPORTED",NA,"ESPOSITO R, 2018, IMMUN AGEING","ESPOSITO R, 2018, IMMUN AGEING"
"PATTI A;TOTH P;GIGLIO R;BANACH M;NOTO M;NIKOLIC D;MONTALTO G;RIZZO M","PATTI, ANGELO M. (16432525100); TOTH, PETER P. (7102285226); GIGLIO, ROSARIA V. (55645572700); BANACH, MACIEJ (22936699500); NOTO, MARCELLO (56042511400); NIKOLIC, DRAGANA (48061331700); MONTALTO, GIUSEPPE (7102692251); RIZZO, MANFREDI (7202023733)","NUTRACEUTICALS AS AN IMPORTANT PART OF COMBINATION THERAPY IN DYSLIPIDAEMIA",2017,"CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN","23","7",35,"10.2174/1381612823666170317145851","BIOMEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF INTERNAL MEDICINE AND MEDICAL SPECIALTIES, UNIVERSITY OF PALERMO, ITALY, EURO-MEDITERRANEAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, PALERMO, ITALY;CGH MEDICAL CENTER, STERLING, IL, UNITED STATES, SCHOOL OF MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS, PEORIA, IL, UNITED STATES, JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE, BALTIMORE, MD, UNITED STATES;BIOMEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF INTERNAL MEDICINE AND MEDICAL SPECIALTIES, UNIVERSITY OF PALERMO, ITALY, EURO-MEDITERRANEAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, PALERMO, ITALY;DEPARTMENT OF HYPERTENSION, MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF LODZ, LODZ, POLAND;BIOMEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF INTERNAL MEDICINE AND MEDICAL SPECIALTIES, UNIVERSITY OF PALERMO, ITALY;BIOMEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF INTERNAL MEDICINE AND MEDICAL SPECIALTIES, UNIVERSITY OF PALERMO, ITALY, EURO-MEDITERRANEAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, PALERMO, ITALY;BIOMEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF INTERNAL MEDICINE AND MEDICAL SPECIALTIES, UNIVERSITY OF PALERMO, ITALY;BIOMEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF INTERNAL MEDICINE AND MEDICAL SPECIALTIES, UNIVERSITY OF PALERMO, ITALY, EURO-MEDITERRANEAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, PALERMO, ITALY","SEVERAL RISK FACTORS SUCH AS ABNORMALITY OF LIPID METABOLISM (E.G. HIGH LEVELS OF LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL (LDL-C), ELEVATED TRIGLYCERIDES AND LOW LEVELS OF HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL (HDL-C)) PLAY A CENTRAL ROLE IN THE AETIOLOGY OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE (CVD). NUTRACEUTICAL COMBINATION TOGETHER WITH A CHOLESTEROL-LOWERING ACTION, WHEN ASSOCIATED WITH SUITABLE LIFESTYLE, SHOULD FURNISH AN ALTERNATIVE TO PHARMACOTHERAPY IN PATIENTS REPORTING STATIN-INTOLERANCE AND IN SUBJECTS AT LOW CARDIOVASCULAR RISK. THE PRESENT REVIEW IS FOCUSED ON NUTRACEUTICALS AND THEIR SYNERGETIC COMBINATIONS DEMONSTRATING A BENEFICIAL EFFECT IN THE MANAGEMENT OF DYSLIPIDAEMIA. SEVERAL NUTRACEUTICALS HAVE BEEN SHOWN TO POSITIVELY MODULATE LIPID METABOLISM HAVING DIFFERENT FUNCTIONS. PLANT STEROLS AND SOLUBLE FIBRES CAN, FOR EXAMPLE, DECREASE THE INTESTINAL ASSIMILATION OF LIPIDS AND INCREASE THEIR ELIMINATION. FURTHERMORE, BERBERINE AND SOYBEAN PROTEINS IMPROVE THE CHOLESTEROL UPTAKE IN THE LIVER. POLICOSANOLS, MONACOLINS AND BERGAMOT INHIBIT HYDROXY-METHYL-GLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE (HMGCOA REDUCTASE) ENZYME ACTION DETERMINING THE CHOLESTEROL HEPATIC SYNTHESIS. MOREOVER, POMEGRANATE CAN DECREASE LDL OXIDATION AND POSITIVELY AFFECT SUBCLINICAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS; RED YEAST RICE AND BERBERINE PLAY, INSTEAD, AN IMPORTANT ROLE ON ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION AND PSYLLIUM, PLANT STEROLS AND BERGAMOT HAVE POSITIVE EFFECTS ON LDL SUBCLASSES. TO THE BEST OF OUR KNOWLEDGE, THERE ARE NO LONG-TERM LARGE-SCALE STUDIES ON THE ANTI-ATHEROGENIC EFFECT OF THE NUTRACEUTICALS THAT ARE AVAILABLE ON THE MARKET. THUS, FURTHER CLINICAL STUDIES SHOULD INVESTIGATE IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE LONG TERM TOLERABILITY AND SAFETY AND TO PROVIDE A BETTER NUTRACEUTICAL COMBINATION TAILORED TO THE PATIENT NEEDS. © 2017 BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS.","CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CAROTID; DYSLIPIDAEMIA; ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION; INTIMA MEDIA THICKNESS; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; NUTRACEUTICALS","DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; DYSLIPIDEMIAS; HUMANS; LIPIDS; ALPHA TOCOTRIENOL; BERBERINE; BERGAMOT OIL; CASEIN; CHLOROGENIC ACID; CHOLESTIN; CITRININ; DAIDZEIN; FISH OIL; GENISTEIN; GLYCITEIN; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE; ISOFLAVONE DERIVATIVE; ISPAGULA; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTOR; MANNAN; MEVINOLIN; MONACOLIN L; NUTRACEUTICAL; PECTIN; PHYTOSTEROL; PLACEBO; PLANT PROTEIN; POLICOSANOL; POLYPHENOL; POMEGRANATE EXTRACT; PRAVASTATIN; SILYMARIN; SOYBEAN PROTEIN; UNINDEXED DRUG; LIPID; ABDOMINAL DISTENSION; ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY; ARTERIAL WALL THICKNESS; CAROTID ARTERY OBSTRUCTION; CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CHOLESTEROL SYNTHESIS; CHOLESTEROL TRANSPORT; CONSTIPATION; DIARRHEA; DIETARY FIBER; DRUG POTENTIATION; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG TOLERABILITY; DYSLIPIDEMIA; ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION; ENZYME INHIBITION; HUMAN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; HYPERLIPIDEMIA; KIDNEY FAILURE; LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION; LIPID METABOLISM; LIPID OXIDATION; MEDITERRANEAN DIET; META ANALYSIS (TOPIC); METABOLIC SYNDROME X; NONHUMAN; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PLANT FIBER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); REVIEW; TASTE DISORDER; UNSPECIFIED SIDE EFFECT; BLOOD; COMBINATION DRUG THERAPY; DIETARY SUPPLEMENT; DYSLIPIDEMIA","","","D'AGOSTINO R.B., GRUNDY S., SULLIVAN L.M., ET AL., VALIDATION OF THE FRAMINGHAM CORONARY HEART DISEASE PREDICTION SCORES: RESULTS OF A MULTIPLE ETHNIC GROUPS INVESTIGATION, JAMA, 286, PP. 180-187, (2001); KANNEL W.B., CASTELLI W.P., GORDON T., ET AL., SERUM CHOLESTEROL, LIPOPROTEINS, AND THE RISK OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE. THE FRAMINGHAM STUDY, ANN INTERN MED, 74, PP. 1-12, (1971); CATAPANO A.L., REINER Z., DE BACKER G., ET AL., ESC/EAS GUIDELINES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF DYSLIPIDAEMIAS THE TASK FORCE FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF DYSLIPIDAEMIAS OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY (ESC) AND THE EUROPEAN ATHEROSCLEROSIS SOCIETY (EAS), ATHEROSCLEROSIS, 217, PP. 3-46, (2011); BAIGENT C., BLACKWELL L., ET AL., EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF MORE INTENSIVE LOWERING OF LDL CHOLESTEROL: A META-ANALYSIS OF DATA FROM 170,000 PARTICIPANTS IN 26 RANDOMISED TRIALS, LANCET, 376, PP. 1670-1681, (2010); BANACH M., RIZZO M., TOTH P.P., ET AL., STATIN INTOLERANCE-AN ATTEMPT AT A UNIFIED DEFINITION. POSITION PAPER FROM AN INTERNATIONAL LIPID EXPERT PANEL, ARCH MED SCI, 11, PP. 1-23, (2015); STROES E.S., THOMPSON P.D., CORSINI A., ET AL., EUROPEAN ATHEROSCLEROSIS SOCIETY CONSENSUS PANEL. 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AVIRAM M., ROSENBLAT M., BILLECKE S., ET AL., HUMAN SERUM PARAOXONASE (PON1) IS INACTIVATED BY OXIDIZED LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN AND PRESERVED BY ANTIOXIDANTS, FREE RADIC BIOL MED, 26, PP. 892-904, (1999); GIANETTI J., PEDRINELLI R., PETRUCCI R., ET AL., INVERSE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CAROTID INTIMA-MEDIA THICKNESS AND THE ANTIOXIDANT LYCOPENE IN ATHEROSCLEROSIS, AM HEART J, 143, PP. 467-474, (2002); DAVIDSON M.H., MAKI K.C., DICKLIN M.R., ET AL., EFFECTS OF CONSUMPTION OF POMEGRANATE JUICE ON CAROTID INTIMA-MEDIA THICKNESS IN MEN AND WOMEN AT MODERATE RISK FOR CORONARY HEART DISEASE, AM J CARDIOL, 104, PP. 936-942, (2009); HODIS H.N., MACK W.J., LABREE L., ET AL., ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL SUPPLEMENTATION IN HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS REDUCES LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN OXIDATION BUT NOT ATHEROSCLEROSIS: THE VITAMIN E ATHEROSCLEROSIS PREVENTION STUDY (VEAPS), CIRCULATION, 106, PP. 1453-1459, (2002); KATSIKI N., MANES C., IS THERE A ROLE FOR SUPPLEMENTED ANTIOXIDANTS IN THE PREVENTION OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS?, CLIN NUTR, 28, PP. 3-9, (2009); 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AMERICAN INSTITUTE FOR CANCER RESEARCH/WORLD CANCER RESEARCH FUND, AMERICAN INSTITUTE FOR CANCER RESEARCH, 1997, NUTRITION, 15, PP. 523-526, (1999); HEBER D., LEMBERTAS A., LU Q.Y., ET AL., AN ANALYSIS OF NINE PROPRIETARY CHINESE RED YEAST RICE DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS: IMPLICATIONS OF VARIABILITY IN CHEMICAL PROFILE AND CONTENTS, J ALTERN COMPLEMENT MED, 7, PP. 133-139, (2001); BENNETT J.W., KLICH M., MYCOTOXINS. CLIN MICROBIOL REV, 16, PP. 497-516, (2003); MARAZZI G., CACCIOTTI L., PELLICCIA F., ET AL., LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF NUTRACEUTICALS (BERBERINE, RED YEAST RICE, POLICOSANOL) IN ELDERLY HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC PATIENTS, ADV THER, 28, PP. 1105-1113, (2011); DONG H., ZHAO Y., ZHAO L., ET AL., THE EFFECTS OF BERBERINE ON BLOOD LIPIDS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS, PLANTA MED, 79, PP. 437-446, (2013); CICERO A.F., ROVATI L.C., SETNIKAR I., EULIPIDEMIC EFFECTS OF BERBERINE ADMINISTERED ALONE OR IN COMBINATION WITH OTHER NATURAL CHOLESTEROLLOWERING AGENTS. A SINGLE BLIND CLINICAL INVESTIGATION, ARZNEIMITTELFORSCHUNG, 57, PP. 26-30, (2007)","M. RIZZO; BIOMEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF INTERNAL MEDICINE AND MEDICAL SPECIALTIES, UNIVERSITY OF PALERMO, PALERMO, VIA DEL VESPRO, 141, 90127, ITALY; EMAIL: MANFREDI.RIZZO@UNIPA.IT","BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS B.V.","ENGLISH","CURR. PHARM. DES.","REVIEW","ISI","2-S2.0-85016826285","CURR PHARM DES","UNIVERSITY OF PALERMO;UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS;UNIVERSITY OF PALERMO;MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF LODZ;UNIVERSITY OF PALERMO;UNIVERSITY OF PALERMO;UNIVERSITY OF PALERMO;UNIVERSITY OF PALERMO","NOTREPORTED;UNIVERSITY OF PALERMO;NOTREPORTED",NA,"PATTI AM, 2017, CURR PHARM DES","PATTI AM, 2017, CURR PHARM DES"
"SINGH A;CHANDRA A;KANDPAL J","SINGH ASHISH KUMAR;CHANDRA AMRISH;KANDPAL J B","OCTACOSANOL EXTRACTION SYNTHESIS METHOD AND SOURCES A REVIEW",2020,"CARPATHIAN JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY","12","27-41",3,"10.34302/crpjfst/2020.12.5.2","SINGH, AK (CORRESPONDING AUTHOR), AMITY UNIV UTTAR, AMITY INST PHARM, SECT 125, NOIDA 301313, UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA.; SINGH, ASHISH KUMAR; CHANDRA, AMRISH, AMITY UNIV UTTAR, AMITY INST PHARM, SECT 125, NOIDA 301313, UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA.; KANDPAL, J. B., INDIA GLYCOLS LTD, RES \& DEV DEPT, DEHRA DUN 248197, UTTARAKHAND, INDIA.","OCTACOSANOL ARE STRAIGHT CHAIN ALIPHATIC FATTY ALCOHOL WHICH CONSIST OF 28-CARBON CHAIN, WHICH IS BASICALLY FOUND IN EPICUTICULAR REGION OF PLANT LIKE SUGARCANE, WHEAT GERM OIL, RICE BRAN OIL ETC. AND ANIMAL SOURCE LIKE KRILL. OCTACOSANOL IS WAXY IN NATURE AND INSOLUBLE IN WATER BUT SPARINGLY SOLUBLE IN LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT ALKANES, CHLOROFORM, ETHYL ACETATE ETC. OCTACOSANOL USED AS A NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENT AND FUNCTIONAL FOOD. OCTACOSANOL UNDER INVESTIGATIONAL REPORTED FOR ENHANCED STAMINA ENDURANCE, CHOLESTEROL LOWERING EFFECT, PARKINSON DISEASE, PLATELETS ANTIAGGREGATORY PROPERTIES, AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS (ALS, LOU GEHRIG'S DISEASE), CYTOPROTECTIVE USE, AND ATHEROSCLEROSIS. OCTACOSANOL EXTRACTED AND PREPARED BY VARIOUS METHODS LIKE SOXHLET EXTRACTION, SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION AND SYNTHETICALLY SYNTHESIS.","KRILL; NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS; FUNCTIONAL FOOD; SOXHLET EXTRACTION; SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION; SYNTHETICALLY SYNTHESIS","RICE BRAN WAX; TINOSPORA-CORDIFOLIA; POLICOSANOL CONTENTS; SUGAR-CANE; ULTRASOUND; FATTY; CONSTITUENTS; PURIFICATION; ALDEHYDES; ALCOHOLS",NA,NA,"ADHIKARI P, 2006, J AGR FOOD CHEM, V54, P5359, DOI 10.1021/JF060688K; ALMAZAN O., 1998, SUGARCANE ITS PRODUC; ANONYMOUS, **NON-TRADITIONAL**; ANONYMOUS, 1992, OPTIMUM EXPT DESIGN; BACKMANN, 1927, J AM CHEM SOC, V49, P2089; BELTZ SD, 1993, CLIN PHARMACY, V12, P900; BLEYBERG W, 1931, BER DTSCH CHEM GES, V64, P2504, DOI 10.1002/CBER.19310640929; BOX GEP, 1951, J R STAT SOC B, V13, P1, DOI 10.1111/J.2517-6161.1951.TB00067.X; CHAUHAN K., 1995, SUCHITRA AYURVED, V47, P840; CHEN F, 2005, J FOOD ENG, V70, P47, DOI 10.1016/J.JFOODENG.2004.09.011; 陈芳 CHEN FANG, 2003, 中国粮油学报, JOURNAL OF THE CHINESE CEREALS AND OILS ASSOCIATION, V18, P75; CHEN F, 2007, J FOOD ENG, V79, P63, DOI 10.1016/J.JFOODENG.2006.01.030; CHIBNALL AC, 1931, BIOCHEM J, V25, P2095, DOI 10.1042/BJ0252095; CHRISTENSEN KR, 1995, J FOOD SCI, V60, P218, DOI 10.1111/J.1365-2621.1995.TB05641.X; CRAVOTTO G, 2004, EUR J LIPID SCI TECH, V106, P147, DOI 10.1002/EJLT.200300914; CRAVOTTO G., 2005, INTERNATIONAL PATENT, PATENT NO. 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F., 2001, CHINA OILS FATS, V26, P63; LONGVAH T, 1991, J AM OIL CHEM SOC, V68, P781, DOI 10.1007/BF02662172; MORRIS BD, 2000, J CHEM ECOL, V26, P859, DOI 10.1023/A:1005499907009; NORRIS FH, 1986, NEUROLOGY, V36, P1263; NUISSIER G, 2002, PHYTOCHEMISTRY, V61, P721, DOI 10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00356-4; OLIARO-BOSSO S, 2009, LIPIDS, V44, P907, DOI 10.1007/S11745-009-3338-Y; OOI CK, 1994, J AM OIL CHEM SOC, V71, P423, DOI 10.1007/BF02540524; OU SY, 2012, LWT-FOOD SCI TECHNOL, V45, P295, DOI 10.1016/J.LWT.2011.08.011; PALMISANO G, 2007, SYNLETT, P2041, DOI 10.1055/S-2007-984891; PIPER SH, 1931, BIOCHEM J, V25, P2072, DOI 10.1042/BJ0252072; POLLARD A, 1931, BIOCHEM J, V25, P2111, DOI 10.1042/BJ0252111; RAMASWAMY K.G., 1980, J OIL TECHNOL ASS IN, V12, P16; RAPPORT L., 2000, PHARMACEUTICAL JOURNAL, V265, P170; RIDWAY W., 1956, MOLECULAR DISTILLATI, P1; SAN MARTÍN-MARTÍNEZ E, 2003, CEREAL CHEM, V80, P13, DOI 10.1094/CCHEM.2003.80.1.13; SHIN HS, 1994, J AM OIL CHEM SOC, V71, P619, DOI 10.1007/BF02540589; SIERRA R, 2002, J AOAC INT, V85, P563; SINGH S. S., 2003, INDIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY, V35, P83; SNIDER SR, 1984, ANN NEUROL, V16, P723, DOI 10.1002/ANA.410160615; STAHL E., 1988, DENSE GASES EXTRACTI, P127; STAHL E., 1985, US PATENT, PATENT NO. 4,548,755, 4548755; STEVE V. D., 1963, PATENT UK, PATENT NO. 923047; TAYLOR JC, 2003, NUTRITION, V19, P192, DOI 10.1016/S0899-9007(02)00869-9; THIPPESWAMY G, 2007, ENVIRON TOXICOL PHAR, V23, P212, DOI 10.1016/J.ETAP.2006.10.004; TOLLOCH A. P., 1976, CHEM BIOCH NATURAL W, P50; VARADY KA, 2003, NUTR REV, V61, P376, DOI 10.1301/NR.2003.NOV.376-383; VOY R, 1986, AMERICAN PHARMACY, V26, P39; WOOLLEY BH, 1991, POSTGRAD MED, V89, P195; WU P., 2000, CHEM IND ENG PROGR, P4951; XU R. P, 2002, CN PATENT, PATENT NO. 02112420.5, 02112420; XU R. P., 2002, CEREALS OILS, V4, P37","SINGH, AK (CORRESPONDING AUTHOR), AMITY UNIV UTTAR, AMITY INST PHARM, SECT 125, NOIDA 301313, UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA","NORTH UNIV CENTER BAIA MARE","ENGLISH","CARPATHIAN J. FOOD SCI. TECHNOL.","REVIEW","ISI","WOS000627341400003","CARPATHIAN J FOOD SCI TECHNOL","AMITY UNIV UTTAR;AMITY UNIV UTTAR;RES AND DEV DEPT","AMITY UNIV UTTAR",NA,"SINGH AK, 2020, CARPATHIAN J FOOD SCI TECHNOL","SINGH AK, 2020, CARPATHIAN J FOOD SCI TECHNOL"
"ILLNAIT J;RODRIGUEZ I;MENDOZA S;FERNANDEZ ;YOLANDA Y;MAS R;MIRANDA M;PINERE J;FERNANDEZ J;MESA M;FERNANDEZ L;CARBAJAL D;GAMEZ R","ILLNAIT JOSE;RODRIGUEZ IVAN;MENDOZA SARAHI;FERNANDEZ; YOLANDA;MAS ROSA;MIRANDA MIRTHA;PINERE JESUS; FERNANDEZ JULIO CESAR;MESA MEILIS;FERNANDEZ LILIA; CARBAJAL DAISY;GAMEZ RAFAEL","EFFECTS OF D002 A MIXTURE OF HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT BEESWAX ALCOHOLS ON PATIENTS WITH NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE",2013,"KOREAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE","28","439-448",9,"10.3904/kjim.2013.28.4.439","MENDOZA, S (CORRESPONDING AUTHOR), NATL CTR SCI RES, CTR NAT PROD, 198 ST,19\&21 AVE, HAVANA, CUBA.","BACKGROUND/AIMS: NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE (NAFLD) IS INTIMATELY RELATED TO INSULIN RESISTANCE AND RANGES FROM A BENIGN COURSE TO LIVER FIBROSIS AND CIRRHOSIS. NAFLD MANAGEMENT MAINLY INVOLVES DIETARY MODIFICATION AND WEIGHT LOSS. ALTHOUGH NO FULLY SUCCESSFUL PHARMACOLOGICAL INTERVENTION IS AVAILABLE, ALTERNATIVE THERAPIES TO TREAT NAPLD HAVE SHOWN PROMISING RESULTS. EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES HAVE SHOWN THAT D-002, A MIXTURE OF BEESWAX ALCOHOLS WITH ANTIOXIDANT EFFECTS, IS HEPATOPROTECTIVE. THE AIM OF THIS STUDY WAS TO INVESTIGATE THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF D-002 IN PATIENTS WITH NALFD. METHODS: FIFTY PATIENTS WITH NAFLD WERE RANDOMIZED TO RECEIVE A PLACEBO OR D-002 (100 MG/DAY) FOR 24 WEEKS. THE PRIMARY ENDPOINT WAS A SIGNIFICANT ULTRASONOGRAPHY-DETECTED REDUCTION OF LIVER FAT INFILTRATION VERSUS A PLACEBO. SECONDARY ENDPOINTS WERE DECREASES IN THE HOMEOSTATIC MODEL ASSESSMENT (HOMA) INDEX, INSULIN LEVELS, SERUM LIVER ENZYMES, INCREASES IN PLASMA TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT STATUS (TAS) AND IMPROVED CLINICAL SYMPTOMS VERSUS THE PLACEBO RECIPIENTS. RESULTS: AT RANDOMIZATION, ALL INDICATORS WERE COMPARABLE IN BOTH GROUPS. AT STUDY COMPLETION, SEVEN (28.0\%) D-002-PATIENTS, BUT NONE OF THE PLACEBO RECIPIENTS, EXHIBITED A NORMAL LIVER ECHO PATTERN ON ULTRASONOGRAPHY (P < 0.01). ALSO, D-002 SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCED (P < 0.01 VS. BASELINE AND PLACEBO) THE HOMA INDEX AND INSULIN LEVELS AND INCREASED THE TAS, BUT DID NOT AFFECT OTHER PARAMETERS. THE PROPORTION OF D-002-PATIENTS (12/25, 48.0\%) SHOWING SYMPTOM IMPROVEMENT WAS HIGHER (P < 0.001) THAN THAT OF THE PLACEBO GROUP (1/25, 4.0\%). THE TREATMENT WAS SAFE AND WELL TOLERATED. THREE PATIENTS IN EACH GROUP WITHDREW FROM THE STUDY. CONCLUSIONS: D-002 (100 MG/DAY) IMPROVED ULTRASONOGRAPHIC FINDINGS, INDICATORS OF INSULIN RESISTANCE, PLASMA TAS AND CLINICAL EVOLUTION ON NAFLD PATIENTS. FURTHER STUDIES, HOWEVER, ARE NEEDED TO CONFIRM THESE RESULTS.",NA,"LIPID-PEROXIDATION; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; ANTIOXIDANT; PREVALENCE; CHOLESTEROL; POLICOSANOL; PROGRESSION; DIAGNOSIS; PLASMA; OBESE",NA,NA,"ANGULO P, 2007, ALIMENT PHARM THER, V25, P883, DOI 10.1111/J.1365-2036.2007.03246.X; BARSIC N, 2012, WORLD J GASTROENTERO, V18, P3945, DOI 10.3748/WJG.V18.I30.3945; BONORA E, 2002, DIABETES CARE, V25, P1135, DOI 10.2337/DIACARE.25.7.1135; CAPORASO N, 2012, FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK, V17, P2259, DOI 10.2741/4049; CORNIER MA, 2008, ENDOCR REV, V29, P777, DOI 10.1210/ER.2008-0024; CSENDES G PAULA, 2004, REV. CHIL. RADIOL., V10, P50; DONATI G, 2004, GUT, V53, P1020, DOI 10.1136/GUT.2003.027086; FRIEDEWALD WT, 1972, CLIN CHEM, V18, P499; GRAIF M, 2000, INVEST RADIOL, V35, P319, DOI 10.1097/00004424-200005000-00006; HORLANDER JC, 2001, GASTROENTEROLOGY, V120, PA544; HSIAO PJ, 2007, J GASTROEN HEPATOL, V22, P2118, DOI 10.1111/J.1440-1746.2006.04698.X; KIM HJ, 2004, ARCH INTERN MED, V164, P2169, DOI 10.1001/ARCHINTE.164.19.2169; LEWIS JR, 2010, DIGEST DIS SCI, V55, P560, DOI 10.1007/S10620-009-1081-0; LIN HZ, 2000, NAT MED, V6, P998, DOI 10.1038/79697; LÓPEZ E, 2008, LAT AM J PHARM, V27, P695; MÁS R, 2001, DRUG FUTURE, V26, P731, DOI 10.1358/DOF.2001.026.08.630956; MÁS R, 2000, DRUG FUTURE, V25, P569, DOI 10.1358/DOF.2000.025.06.574693; MÉNDEZ-SÁNCHEZ N, 2007, LIVER INT, V27, P1157, DOI 10.1111/J.1478-3231.2007.01567.X; MENDOZA S, 2007, J MED FOOD, V10, P379, DOI 10.1089/JMF.2006.296; MENÉNDEZ R, 2000, BRAZ J MED BIOL RES, V33, P85, DOI 10.1590/S0100-879X2000000100012; MENENDEZ R., 2001, J MED FOOD, V4, P71, DOI 10.1089/109662001300341725; MERAT S, 2003, J HEPATOL, V38, P414, DOI 10.1016/S0168-8278(02)00441-5; MESSINA D, 2012, ARCH LATINOAM NUTR, V62, P15; MOLINA VIVIAN, 2001, J MED FOOD, V4, P79, DOI 10.1089/109662001300341734; MOSCATIELLO S, 2008, MINI-REV MED CHEM, V8, P767, DOI 10.2174/138955708784912193; MUSTO D, 2010, MINERVA GASTROENTEROL DIETOL, V56, P389; NAGATA KIYOSHI, 2007, JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES, V32, P453, DOI 10.2131/JTS.32.453; OHTA Y, 2008, J CLIN BIOCHEM NUTR, V42, P118, DOI 10.3164/JCBN.2008017; PÉREZ Y, 2013, J NAT MED-TOKYO, V67, P182, DOI 10.1007/S11418-012-0670-Y; PETTA S, 2013, CURR PHARM DES; PIRGON Ö, 2013, J CLIN RES PEDIATR E, V5, P33, DOI 10.4274/JCRPE.825; PREISS D, 2008, CLIN SCI, V115, P141, DOI 10.1042/CS20070402; RATZIU V, 2010, J HEPATOL, V53, P372, DOI 10.1016/J.JHEP.2010.04.008; RODRIGUEZ I., 2009, REV CENIC CIEN BIOL, V40, P147; RODRIGUEZ I, 2010, LAT AM J PHARM, V29, P255; RUALES FRANCO, 2012, ACTA GASTROENTEROL LATINOAM, V42, P278; SINGH DK, 2006, J PHARMACOL EXP THER, V318, P1020, DOI 10.1124/JPET.106.107144; SZCZEPANIAK LS, 2005, AM J PHYSIOL-ENDOC M, V288, PE462, DOI 10.1152/AJPENDO.00064.2004; WILLIAMS CD, 2011, GASTROENTEROLOGY, V140, P124, DOI 10.1053/J.GASTRO.2010.09.038; ZELBER-SAGIL S, 2007, J HEPATOL, V47, P711, DOI 10.1016/J.JHEP.2007.06.020; ZHU FS, 2008, WORLD J GASTROENTERO, V14, P6395, DOI 10.3748/WJG.14.6395","MENDOZA, S (CORRESPONDING AUTHOR), NATL CTR SCI RES, CTR NAT PROD, 198 ST,19\&21 AVE, HAVANA, CUBA","KOREAN ASSOC INTERNAL MEDICINE","ENGLISH","KOREAN J. INTERN. MED.","ARTICLE","ISI","WOS000321538500008","KOREAN J INTERN MED","NATL CTR SCI RES","NATL CTR SCI RES",NA,"ILLNAIT J, 2013, KOREAN J INTERN MED","ILLNAIT J, 2013, KOREAN J INTERN MED"
"STUSSER R;BATISTA J;PADRON R;SOSA F;PEREZTOL O","STUSSER R;BATISTA J;PADRON R;SOSA F;PEREZTOL O","LONGTERM THERAPY WITH POLICOSANOL IMPROVES TREADMILL EXERCISEEGG TESTING PERFORMANCE OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE PATIENTS",1998,"INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS","36","469-473",24,NA,"STUSSER, R (CORRESPONDING AUTHOR), CTR INVEST CLIN, CALLE 34 4501-45-47, HAVANA 11300 13, CUBA.; UNIV HAVANA, CLIN RES CTR, HAVANA, CUBA.","THIS STUDY EXAMINED THE EFFECTS OF LONG-TERM LIPID-LOWERING THERAPY WITH POLICOSANOL ON THE CLINICAL EVOLUTION, AND EXERCISE-EGG TESTING RESPONSES OF 45 CORONARY HEART DISEASE (CHD) PATIENTS WITH MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA, DOCUMENTED BY EXERCISE TL-201-MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION SCINTIGRAPHY, IN AN OVERALL RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL, MADE FOR DIFFERENT TEST ENDPOINTS. FIFTEEN PATIENTS WERE TREATED WITH 5 MG OF POLICOSANOL TWICE DAILY; ANOTHER 15 PATIENTS WERE ADMINISTERED THE SAME DRUG DOSE PLUS 125 MG ASPIRIN; AND THE OTHER 15 PATIENTS RECEIVED PLACEBO PLUS EQUAL ASPIRIN DOSE. THEY WERE FOLLOWED FOR 20 MONTHS, PREVIOUS BASELINE OBSERVATIONS, WITH TREADMILL EXERCISE-ECG, BESIDES SERUM LIPID TEST. BENEFICIAL CHANGES ON PROPORTIONS AMONG THE 2 POLICOSANOL GROUPS AND THE PLACEBO GROUP, SHOWED AN INCREMENT ON FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY CLASS, A DECREMENT ON REST AND EXERCISE ANGINA, AND A SIGNIFICANT DECREASE IN CARDIAC EVENTS, AND IN ISCHEMIC ST SEGMENT RESPONSE, ESPECIALLY IN THE POLICOSANOL PLUS ASPIRIN GROUP (P = 0.05, X(2)2DF = 5.8; P = 0.04, P = 0.02; FISHER). AFTER TREATMENT, SETS OF MEAN CHANGES REVEALED AN INCREASE ON MAXIMUM OXYGEN UPTAKE, AND A DECLINE ON DOUBLE PRODUCT SIMULTANEOUSLY IN BOTH POLICOSANOL GROUPS (P LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO 0.02, P LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO 0.002; PILLAIS, HOTELLINGS' T-2), WHILE THE PLACEBO GROUP WAS IMPAIRED. AEROBIC FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY PERCENT SHOWED AN INCREMENT IN POLICOSANOL GROUPS (P LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO 0.05, PAIRED T). LIPID LEVELS IMPROVED AS OTHER ENDPOINTS ALREADY REPORTED. A SUPPOSED ERGOGENIC EFFECT OF OCTACOSANOL, POLICOSANOL'S MAIN ACTIVE COMPOUND, WAS NOT DETECTED WITH THIS DESIGN. THESE RESULTS SHOW THAT POLICOSANOL-TREATED CHD PATIENTS IMPROVED CLINICAL EVOLUTION, AND EXERCISE-ECC RESPONSES, OWING TO THE AMELIORATION OF MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA, EVEN MORE WHEN ADMINISTERED WITH ASPIRIN.","CORONARY HEART DISEASE; EXERCISE ECG TESTING; LIPID-LOWERING EFFECT; POLICOSANOL; PLATELET ANTIAGGREGANT EFFECT; ERGOGENIC EFFECT; OCTACOSANOL","LOW-FAT DIET; ARTERY DISEASE; PHYSICAL EXERCISE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; ULTRASOUND; REDUCTION; STANDARDS; EFFICACY; RATS",NA,NA,"ANONYMOUS, CIRCULATION; ARRUZAZABALA M, 1995, REV CENIC CIENC BIOL, V26, P188; BATISTA J, 1996, INT J CLIN PHARM TH, V34, P134; BATISTA J, 1995, CURR THER RES CLIN E, V56, P906, DOI 10.1016/0011-393X(95)85094-5; BATISTA JF, 1996, ADV THER, V13, P137; BELTZ SD, 1993, CLIN PHARMACY, V12, P900; BLANKENHORN D, 1987, JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC, V57, P3233; BLANKENHORN DH, 1993, CIRCULATION, V88, P20, DOI 10.1161/01.CIR.88.1.20; BOGATY P, 1997, J AM COLL CARDIOL, V29, P1497, DOI 10.1016/S0735-1097(97)00091-0; BRUCE RA, 1971, ANN CLIN RES, V3, P323; CASTANO G, 1995, CURR THER RES CLIN E, V56, P296, DOI 10.1016/0011-393X(95)85034-1; FLETCHER GF, 1995, CIRCULATION, V91, P580, DOI 10.1161/01.CIR.91.2.580; GRUNDY SCOTT M., 1994, CIRCULATION, V89, P1329; KABIR Y, 1995, ANN NUTR METAB, V39, P279, DOI 10.1159/000177873; KABIR Y, 1993, ANN NUTR METAB, V37, P33, DOI 10.1159/000177746; NOHARA R, 1997, J NUCL CARDIOL, V4, PS25; NORRIS F H, 1987, ADV EXP MED BIOL, V209, P183; SAINT-JOHN M., 1986, INTERNATIONAL CLINICAL NUTRITION REVIEW, V6, P81; SCHELL WD, 1997, PROG CARDIOVASC DIS, V39, P483, DOI 10.1016/S0033-0620(97)80041-2; SCHULER G, 1988, CIRCULATION, V77, P172, DOI 10.1161/01.CIR.77.1.172; SCHULER G, 1992, CIRCULATION, V86, P1, DOI 10.1161/01.CIR.86.1.1; THEIN LA, 1995, PHYS THER, V75, P426, DOI 10.1093/PTJ/75.5.426; VICKERS A, 1997, INT J TECHNO ASS HLT, V13, P11; WHITE G, 1995, RECEPTOR CHANNEL, V3, P1","STUSSER, R (CORRESPONDING AUTHOR), CTR INVEST CLIN, CALLE 34 4501-45-47, HAVANA 11300 13, CUBA","DUSTRI-VERLAG DR KARL FEISTLE","ENGLISH","INT. J. CLIN. PHARMACOL. THER.","ARTICLE","ISI","WOS000075842500002","INT J CLIN PHARMACOL THER","CTR INVEST CLIN;UNIV HAVANA","CTR INVEST CLIN",NA,"STUSSER R, 1998, INT J CLIN PHARMACOL THER","STUSSER R, 1998, INT J CLIN PHARMACOL THER"
"BATISTA J;STUSSER R;PENICHET M;UGUET E","BATISTA J;STUSSER R;PENICHET M;UGUET E","DOPPLERULTRASOUND PILOTSTUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF LONGTERM POLICOSANOL THERAPY ON CAROTIDVERTEBRAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS",1995,"CURRENT THERAPEUTIC RESEARCH-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL","56","906-914",7,"10.1016/0011-393X(95)85094-5","UNIV HAVANA,CLIN RES CTR,HAVANA,CUBA.; UNIV HAVANA,ENRIQUE CABRERA NATL HOSP,HAVANA,CUBA.","THIS PILOT STUDY WAS CONDUCTED TO DOCUMENT THE BENEFICIAL LIPID-LOWERING EFFECT OF POLICOSANOL ON HEMODYNAMIC CAROTID-VERTEBRAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS (CVA) ABNORMALITIES, TWENTY-TWO PATIENTS WITH MILD CVA, INCLUDING 12 PATIENTS WITH TYPE II HYPERLIPIDEMIA, WERE ENROLLED IN THIS RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, PHASE II, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL, ELEVEN PATIENTS RECEIVED 5 MG OF ORAL POLICOSANOL TWICE DAILY, AND 11 PATIENTS RECEIVED PLACEBO TWICE DAILY; ALL PATIENTS WERE TREATED FOR 1 YEAR. FIVE FUNCTIONAL DOPPLER-ULTRASOUND FLOW PARAMETERS WERE MEASURED ON SIX ARTERIES PER PATIENT AND CLASSIFIED BY USING AN OBJECTIVE RESPONSE SYSTEM. IN THE POLICOSANOL GROUP, PROGRESSION AND STABILIZATION OF DISEASE WERE ABSENT, MIXED RESPONSE WAS LOWER, AND REGRESSION WAS SIX TIMES MORE FREQUENT (6 OF 11 PATIENTS); THESE FINDINGS WERE NOT STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT COMPARED WITH THE PLACEBO GROUP (P = 0.06). THE PROGRESSION/REGRESSION (P:R) RATIO IN THE POLICOSANOL GROUP HAD A MEAN (0.5) TWO TIMES LOWER THAN THAT IN THE CONTROL GROUP (1.2) (P = 0.03). THE DECREASE IN THE P:R RATIO WAS ASSOCIATED INDEPENDENTLY WITH A MODERATE PERCENT REDUCTION OF THE LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL:HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL RATIO. ALTHOUGH THE SAMPLE SIZE AND 1-YEAR FOLLOW-UP DO NOT ALLOW CONCLUSIONS TO BE DRAWN, THESE RESULTS SUGGEST THAT POLICOSANOL, IN COMBINATION WITH A LOW-FAT DIET, IMPROVES HEMODYNAMIC ABNORMALITIES IN PATIENTS WITH MILD CVA AND NORMAL LIPID LEVELS OR TYPE II HYPERLIPIDEMIA.",NA,"LDL-CHOLESTEROL; HDL-CHOLESTEROL; SERUM-LIPIDS; REGRESSION; ARTERY; LIPOPROTEINS; PROGRESSION; STENOSIS; TRIALS",NA,NA,"ARRUZAZABALA ML, 1993, THROMB RES, V69, P321, DOI 10.1016/0049-3848(93)90030-R; BARTH JD, 1991, EUR HEART J, V12, P952, DOI 10.1093/EURHEARTJ/12.8.952; BENZULY KH, 1994, CIRCULATION, V89, P1810, DOI 10.1161/01.CIR.89.4.1810; BLANKENHORN DH, 1993, CIRCULATION, V88, P20, DOI 10.1161/01.CIR.88.1.20; BLANKENHORN DH, 1991, AM J MED, V90, PS42, DOI 10.1016/0002-9343(91)90036-W; CASHINHEMPHILL L, 1993, AM J CARDIOL, V71, PB20, DOI 10.1016/0002-9149(93)90141-X; FURBERG CD, 1994, CIRCULATION, V90, P1679, DOI 10.1161/01.CIR.90.4.1679; GOHLKE H, 1992, WIEN KLIN WOCHENSCHR, V104, P309; HENNERICI M, 1991, STROKE, V22, P989, DOI 10.1161/01.STR.22.8.989; HERNANDEZ F, 1992, CURR THER RES CLIN E, V51, P568; HOMER D, 1991, MAYO CLIN PROC, V66, P259, DOI 10.1016/S0025-6196(12)61007-6; LEVINE GN, 1995, NEW ENGL J MED, V332, P512, DOI 10.1056/NEJM199502233320807; NOA M, 1991, REV CENIC CIENC BIOL, V22, P79; PONS P, 1992, CURR THER RES CLIN E, V52, P507, DOI 10.1016/S0011-393X(05)80456-4; PRATI P, 1992, STROKE, V23, P1705, DOI 10.1161/01.STR.23.12.1705; RODRIGUEZECHENI.C, 1994, FOOD CHEM TOXICOL, V32, P565; SACKS FM, 1992, CIRCULATION, V86, P743; SPENCER MP, 1979, STROKE, V10, P326, DOI 10.1161/01.STR.10.3.326; SUPERKO HR, 1994, CIRCULATION, V90, P1056, DOI 10.1161/01.CIR.90.2.1056","UNIV HAVANA,CLIN RES CTR,HAVANA,CUBA","EXCERPTA MEDICA INC","ENGLISH","CURR. THER. RES.-CLIN. EXP.","ARTICLE","ISI","WOSA1995RW16300008","CURR THER RES-CLIN EXP","UNIV HAVANA;UNIV HAVANA","UNIV HAVANA",NA,"BATISTA J, 1995, CURR THER RES-CLIN EXP","BATISTA J, 1995, CURR THER RES-CLIN EXP"