               United Nations                                                                 S/RES/2386 (2017)
               Security Council                                                Distr.: General
                                                                               15 November 2017




               Resolution 2386 (2017)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 8101st meeting, on
               15 November 2017

                    The Security Council,
                     Recalling its previous resolutions and its presidential statements on the
               situation in Sudan and South Sudan, and in particular, resolutions 1990 (2011), 2024
               (2011), 2032 (2011), 2046 (2012), 2047 (2012), 2075 (2012), 2104 (2013), 2126
               (2013), 2156 (2014), 2179 (2014), 2205 (2015), 2230 (2015), 2251 (2015), 2287
               (2016), 2318 (2016), and 2352 (2017) as well as presidential statements
               S/PRST/2012/19 and S/PRST/2013/14, and the Council’s press statements of
               18 June 2012, 21 September 2012, 28 September 2012, 6 May 2013, 14 June 2013,
               14 February 2014, 17 March 2014, 11 December 2014, and 27 November 2015,
                      Reaffirming its strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, unity and
               territorial integrity of Sudan and South Sudan, and to the purposes and the
               principles of the Charter of the United Nations, and recalling the importance of the
               principles of good neighbourliness, non-interference and regional cooperation,
                     Reiterating that the territorial boundaries of States shall not be altered by
               force, and that any territorial disputes shall be settled exclusively by peaceful
               means, affirming the priority it attaches to the full and urgent implementation of all
               outstanding issues from the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA), and
               underscoring that the future status of Abyei shall be resolved b y negotiations
               between the parties in a manner consistent with the CPA and not by the unilateral
               actions of either party,
                    Recalling the commitments made by the Government of Sudan and the
               Government of South Sudan in the 20 June 2011 Agreement between th e
               Government of Sudan and the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement on Temporary
               Arrangements for the Administration and Security of the Abyei Area, the 29 June
               2011 Agreement between the Government of the Sudan and the Government of
               South Sudan on Border Security and the Joint Political and Security Mechanism
               (JPSM), and the 30 July 2011 Agreement on the Border Monitoring Support Mission
               between the Government of Sudan and the Government of South Sudan, as well as
               the 27 September 2012 Agreements on Cooperation and Security Arrangements, the
               JPSM’s 8 March 2013 decision, and the Implementation Matrix of 12 March 2013,
               reached by the Government of Sudan and the Government of South Sudan in Addis
               Ababa under the auspices of the African Union High-level Implementation Panel




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               (AUHIP), as well as the extraordinary meetings of the JPSM in October 2015 and
               May 2017 and the ordinary session of the JPSM in June 2016 and October 2017,
                     Encouraging progress on improving bilateral relations between Sudan and
               South Sudan, and stressing the need for regular meetings of the JPSM and other
               joint mechanisms, including the Joint Border Commission and Joint Demarcation
               Committee, to enable dialogue and coordination on matters of border security, and
               recognizing cooperation between Sudan and South Sudan on refugees, humanitarian
               corridors, and trade,
                    Urging the Governments of Sudan and South Sudan to reinvigorate progress
               towards implementing the Temporary Arrangements for the Administration and
               Security of the Abyei Area as set out in the 20 June 2011 Agreement,
                     Expressing its full support for the efforts of the African Union on the situation
               between the Republic of Sudan and the Republic of South Sudan, in order to ease
               the current tension, facilitate the resumption of negotiations on post-secession
               relations and the normalization of their relations, and stressing the importance of the
               African Union’s continued engagement,
                     Reaffirming its previous resolutions 1265 (1999), 1296 (2000), 1674 (2006),
               1738 (2006), 1894 (2009) 2175 (2014) and 2222 (2015) on the protection of
               civilians in armed conflict; 1612 (2005), 1882 (2009), 1998 (2011), 2068 (2012),
               2143 (2014) and 2223 (2015) on children and armed conflict; 1502 (2003) on the
               protection of humanitarian and United Nations personnel; and 1325 (2000), 1820
               (2008), 1888 (2009), 1889 (2009), 1960 (2010), 2106 (2013), 2122 (2013), and
               2242 (2015) on women, peace and security,
                     Stressing the need for effective human rights monitoring and reporting,
               including of any sexual and gender-based violence and violations and abuses
               committed against women and children, taking note that there have been no
               developments with regard to the operationalization of human rights monitoring in
               the Abyei Area, and reiterating its concern at the lack of cooperation by the parties
               with the Secretary-General to this end,
                     Recalling that its resolution 2086 (2013) reiterates the importance, when
               establishing and renewing the mandates of United Nations Missions, of including
               provisions on the promotion of gender equality and the empowerment of women in
               post-conflict situations and on children and armed conflict, and emphasizing that
               persistent barriers to full implementation of resolution 1325 (2000), and subsequent
               resolutions on women, peace, and security, including 2242 (2015), will only be
               dismantled through dedicated commitment to women’s empowerment, participation,
               and human rights, and through concerted leadership, consistent information and
               action, and support, to build women’s engagement in all levels of decision-making,
                     Acknowledging the Government of Sudan and the Government of South
               Sudan’s acceptance at the 13–14 October 2015 JPSM meeting of the map presented
               by the AUHIP in November 2011 relating to the Safe Demilitarized Bord er Zone
               (SDBZ), their agreement that the centreline is only the location of the separation
               line between armed forces, as well as the parties’ agreement to activate all
               mechanisms relating to the JPSM as provided for in relevant agreements, and
               encouraging the parties to delineate or agree on the coordinates of, and demilitarize
               the SDBZ, including the “14 Mile Area”, and to fully implement the Joint Border
               Verification and Monitoring Mechanism (JBVMM), in accordance with Security
               Council resolution 2046 (2012) and the AUPSC Roadmap of 24 April 2012, and
               underlining the importance of fully establishing and maintaining effective JBVMM
               monitoring of the SDBZ, including the “14 Mile Area”, and further urging the
               parties to cooperate in allowing the United Nations Interim Security Force for Abyei


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           (UNISFA) to fulfil its responsibility to provide security for the JBVMM’s mission
           to monitor the SDBZ,
                 Recalling its decision in resolution 2352 (2017) to end the mandate for support
           to the Joint Border Verification and Monitoring Mechanism (JBVMM) unless both
           parties demonstrate through their actions clear commitment and steadfast guarantees
           for the implementation of the JBVMM, in line with steps outlined in paragraph 7 of
           resolution 2352 (2017), including resuming border demarcation discussions, holding
           regular meetings of the JPSM, and granting UNISFA full freedom of movement,
                Recognizing some progress by the parties since May 2017 but regretting the
           lack of significant concrete progress made by both parties on achieving the
           benchmarks for the JBVMM and the unnecessary impediments imposed upon the
           JBVMM, reducing its ability to effectively monitor the SDBZ,
                Noting with concern the absence of local institutions to manage the Abyei Area
           and encouraging continued progress in convening Abyei Joint Oversight Committee
           (AJOC) meetings,
                 Recognizing the importance of regular dialogue between the Governments of
           Sudan and South Sudan, recalling the United Nations Security Council decision in
           resolution 2046 (2012) that the parties must resume immediately negotiations to
           reach agreement on Abyei’s final status under the auspices of the AUHIP, calling
           upon all parties to engage constructively in the process mediated by the AUHIP
           towards final agreement on the final status of the Abyei Area, and stressing that the
           parties must immediately implement pending aspects of the 20 June 2011
           Agreement, in particular to resolve the dispute over the Abyei Area Agreement, and
           to resolve the dispute over the Abyei Area Council, and immediately establish the
           Abyei Area Administration and Abyei Police Service,
                Stressing that both countries and communities will have much to gain if they
           show restraint and choose the path of dialogue instead of resorting to violence or
           provocations,
                 Commending the continued assistance provided to the parties by the AUHIP,
           the Intergovernmental Authority on Development, the Federal Democratic Republic
           of Ethiopia, the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Sudan and South Sudan,
           and UNISFA,
                 Further commending the efforts of UNISFA in effectively carrying out its
           mandate, including by its ongoing facilitation of peaceful migration throughout the
           Abyei Area, conflict prevention, mediation and deterrence, and expressing its deep
           appreciation for the work of the troop-contributing countries, and strongly
           underscoring the unacceptability of any attack on United Nations personnel,
           including the firing on UNISFA patrols in early 2017 by unknown assailants, and
           reiterating that such attacks should be swiftly and thoroughly investigated, and that
           those responsible should be held to account,
                 Taking note of the security situation in the Abyei Area as characterized by the
           17 October 2017 Secretary-General’s report (S/2017/870), and acknowledging
           UNISFA’s contribution to enhanced peace and stability since its deployment and
           expressing its determination to prevent the recurrence of violence against or
           displacements of civilians and to avert intercommunal conflict,
                Reiterating its deep concern regarding the public administration and rule of
           law vacuum in the Abyei Area, due to continued delays in the establishment of the
           Abyei Area Administration and Council and Police, including a special unit to deal
           with particular issues related to nomadic migratio n, which are essential to maintain
           law and order and prevent intercommunal conflict in Abyei, and in this regard,

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               welcoming UNISFA’s efforts to support and strengthen community protection
               committees, and to continue engaging with both governments on this i ssue,
                     Noting with concern the continued delay in establishing the temporary
               institutions and resolving the final status of Abyei and that the continued threat of
               intercommunal violence contributes to heightened tensions in the Abyei Area,
               including those ongoing tensions that prevent UNISFA’s and other agencies’
               Sudanese staff from returning to Abyei,
                     Urging all parties to refrain from any unilateral action that could aggravate
               intercommunal relations within the Abyei Area, expressing concern over the
               continued implications of what the AUPSC described in their 6 November 2013
               press statement as “the decision by the Ngok Dinka to conduct a unilateral
               referendum” and also in this context, taking note that the Government of Sudan
               proceeded with its April 2015 national elections in Abyei,
                     Bearing in mind the current humanitarian situation in which humanitarian
               actors continue to provide assistance to 100,000 people in the Abyei Area and the
               importance of coherence of United Nations assistance in the region, and further
               stressing the urgency of facilitating the delivery of humanitarian assistance to all
               affected populations,
                     Affirming the importance of voluntary, safe, dignified return and sustainable
               reintegration of displaced persons, and of peaceful and orderly migration cycles
               respecting the traditional migratory routes from Sudan to South Sudan through
               Abyei, and urging UNISFA to continue to take measures as necessary to ensure
               security in the Abyei Area in accordance with its mandate,
                     Recalling its resolution 2117 (2013), and expressing grave concern at the
               threat to peace and security in Abyei arising from the illicit transfer, destabilizing
               accumulation and misuse of small arms and light weapons, welcoming the
               completion of infrastructure, systems, and policy for weapons confiscation, storage
               and destruction, and calling on UNISFA to ensure adequate protection of this
               infrastructure,
                    Expressing concern about the residual threat of landmines and explosive
               remnants of war in the Abyei Area, which hinders the safe return of displaced
               persons to their homes, safe migration, and livelihood activities,
                     Taking note of the 28 July 2017 and 17 October 2017 Secretary-General’s
               reports (S/2017/649 and S/2017/870), including the Secretary-General’s call on the
               parties to consolidate the gains achieved by UNISFA at the local level by actively
               engaging in efforts to establish the Abyei Area Administration and Council, and to
               constitute the Abyei Area Police,
                     Recalling that the Security Council welcomed in resolution 2205 (2015) the
               decision of the Secretary-General to appoint a civilian head of mission,
                    Recognizing that the current situation in Abyei and along the border between
               the Sudan and South Sudan continues to constitute a serious threat to international
               peace and security,
                     1.   Decides to extend until 15 May 2018 the mandate of the United Nations
               Interim Security Force for Abyei (UNISFA) as set out in paragraph 2 of resolution
               1990 (2011) and acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
               further decides to extend until 15 May 2018 the tasks of UNISFA as set out in
               paragraph 3 of resolution 1990 (2011);
                     2.    Decides to extend until 15 April 2018 UNISFA’s mandate modification
               set forth in resolution 2024 (2011) and paragraph 1 of resolution 2075 (2012), and


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           further decides that this shall be the final such extension unless the parties take the
           specific measures described in paragraph 9;
                 3.   Decides to maintain the authorized troop ceiling of 4,791 until 15 April
           2018, and further decides that as of 15 April 2018, the authorized troop ceiling shall
           decrease to 4,235, unless it decides to extend the mandate modification set forth in
           resolution 2024 (2012) and paragraph 1 of resolution 2075 (2012), in accordance
           with paragraphs 2 and 9;
                 4.    Underscores that continued cooperation between the Government of
           Sudan and Government of South Sudan is also critical for peace, security and
           stability and the future relations between them;
                5.    Further reiterates its demand that Sudan and South Sudan urgently
           commence the establishment of the Abyei Area Administration and Council,
           including by resolving the deadlock over the composition of the Council, and
           constitute the Abyei Police Service, to enable it to take over policing functions
           throughout the Abyei Area, including the protection of oil infrastructure, in
           accordance with their commitments in the 20 June 2011 Agreement;
                 6.   Urges the Governments of Sudan and South Sudan to resume direct
           negotiations in order to urgently agree on a final settlement of the Abyei question,
           calls upon the parties to take concrete confidence-building measures to contribute to
           achieving this objective with renewed support from the AUHIP, encourages the
           AUHIP and the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General to continue coordinating
           efforts towards calling for full implementation of the 2011 agreements;
                7.    Takes note of AJOC meetings in May and November 2017, urges the
           implementation of AJOC decisions and the 20 June 2011 Agreement, recalls the
           need for African Union initiatives to support this goal and encourages its renewed
           engagement, and requests the Secretary-General to provide an assessment of
           progress on these issues in his regular reports;
                 8.    Expresses serious concern regarding the delays to fully operationalize the
           JBVMM, recalls the Secretary-General’s benchmarks and recommendations
           regarding JBVMM operations, takes note that continued investment in achieving
           full operational capability of the JBVMM should be based on a set of conditions,
           including resolution of the dispute over the SDBZ, and calls upon the Government
           of Sudan and the Government of South Sudan to make timely and effective use of
           the JBVMM, JPSM and other agreed joint mechanisms to ensure the security and
           transparency of the SDBZ, including the “14 Mile Area”;
               9.    Determines to consider renewing UNISFA’s mandate to support the
           JBVMM should both parties adhere to the specific measures agreed to in the May
           and October 2017 JPSM communiques no later than 15 Marc h 2018, to include
           completing inter alia:
                (1) Facilitating the full freedom of movement for UNISFA air and ground
                patrols, to include landing within the SDBZ, by approving 100 percent of
                requested sorties no later than 72 hours after the requests are deli vered,
                (2)   Opening of Phase I of the border crossing corridors,
                (3) Holding at least one meeting to resume border demarcation discussions,
                including negotiations on the disputed areas within the framework of the
                signed agreements, welcomes the African Union Commission’s efforts in this
                regard and encourages its continued assistance to the parties,
                (4)   Reactivating the ad hoc committee of the 14 mile area,
                (5)   Facilitating the operationalization of the four JBVMM team sites, and,

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                    (6)   Convening at least two meetings of the JPSM to resolve these issues;
                     10. Urges renewed efforts to determine conclusively the SDBZ centreline on
               the ground, and reiterates that the centreline of the SDBZ in no way prejudices the
               current or future legal status of the border, ongoing negotiations on the disputed and
               claimed areas, and demarcation of the borders;
                    11. Underscores that UNISFA’s protection of civilians mandate as set out in
               paragraph 3 of resolution 1990 (2011) includes taking the necessary actions to
               protect civilians under imminent threat of physical violence, irrespective of the
               source of such violence, and commending UNISFA’s efforts in that regard;
                     12. Condemns the intermittent presence of South Sudan security service
               personnel and the deployment of Diffra Oil Police units in the Abyei Area, in
               violation of the 20 June 2011 Agreement, as well as any entry of armed militias into
               the territory, and reiterates its demands that immediately and without preconditions
               the Government of South Sudan fully redeploy its security service personnel from
               the Abyei Area and that the Government of Sudan redeploy the Oil Police in Diffra
               from the Abyei Area, and further reiterates, in accordance with relevant resolutions,
               in particular resolution 1990 (2011) and resolution 2046 (2012), that the Abyei Area
               shall be demilitarized from any forces, as well as armed elements of the local
               communities, other than UNISFA and the Abyei Police Service;
                    13. Supports the AJOC’s 3 May 2013 and 30 March 2015 decisions on
               Abyei’s status as a weapons-free area, underscores the AUPSC’s concern in its
               7 May 2013 Communiqué over reports that various communities living in Abyei are
               heavily armed, recalls that the 20 June 2011 Agreement on Temporary
               Arrangements for the Administration and Security of the Abyei Area stipulates that
               Abyei should be a weapons-free area and that only UNISFA is authorized to carry
               weapons inside the area, and in this regard, urges the two Governments to take all
               necessary steps to ensure that Abyei is effectively demilitarized, including through
               disarmament programs as necessary;
                     14. Reaffirms that UNISFA may undertake weapons confiscation and
               destruction in the Abyei Area as authorized under resolution 1990 (2011), consistent
               with its mandate and within its existing capabilities, in coordination wit h the
               signatories of the June 2011 Agreement on the Temporary Arrangements for the
               Administration and Security of the Abyei Area, the AJOC, and the Misseriya and
               Ngok Dinka communities and consistent with the previous AJOC decision to
               establish the Area as a “weapons free area”, and reiterates its request that UNISFA,
               observe, document and report on the movement of weapons into Abyei and the
               presence, destruction and confiscation of weapons within Abyei as part of the
               Secretary-General’s regular reporting cycle;
                     15. Requests UNISFA to continue its dialogue with the AJOC and with the
               Misseriya and Ngok Dinka communities on effective strategies and oversight
               mechanisms for ensuring full compliance by all relevant parties with Abyei’s status
               as a weapons-free area, with a particular priority placed on the urgent elimination of
               heavy or crew-served weapons, as well as rocket-propelled grenades, and calls upon
               the Governments of Sudan and South Sudan, the AJOC, and the Misseriya and Ngok
               Dinka communities to extend full cooperation to UNISFA in this regard;
                    16. Urges the two Governments immediately to take steps to implement
               confidence-building measures among the respective communities in the Abyei Area,
               ensuring women are involved at all stages, including thro ugh reconciliation
               processes at the grass-roots level as well as through support for the ongoing efforts
               of non-governmental organizations engaging in peacebuilding, and by fully
               supporting UNISFA’s efforts in promoting community dialogue, strongly welcomes


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           continued engagement between the Ngok Dinka and Misseriya communities, and
           strongly urges all Abyei communities to exercise maximum restraint in all their
           engagements and to desist from inflammatory acts or statements that may lead to
           violent clashes;
                 17. Underscores that women’s participation at all levels of inter-community
           dialogue is critical to ensure a credible and legitimate process and calls upon all
           parties to promote full and equal participation of women;
                 18. Welcomes the positive developments at the grass-roots level between the
           Ngok Dinka and Misseriya communities, particularly their noted commitment to
           reconciliation and cooperation, as demonstrated by the resumption of trading
           activities and the monitoring of stolen property and li vestock, including the prompt
           return of or provision of compensation for stolen property to victims of crime;
                 19. Welcomes UNISFA initiatives, to support community dialogue and efforts
           by the Misseriya and Ngok Dinka communities to strengthen inter -communal
           relationships and facilitate stability and reconciliation in the Abyei Area, including
           the facilitation of joint peace committee meetings between both communities and
           re-opening of a common market;
                20. Welcomes UNISFA’s continued efforts, within existing capabilities and
           resources, and in close coordination with the Misseriya and Ngok Dinka
           communities, to strengthen the capacities of Community Protection Committees in
           order to assist with management of law and order processes in Abyei and to
           continue engaging with both governments on this issue;
                 21. Calls upon all parties to cooperate fully with the findings and
           recommendations following the Abyei Area Joint Investigation and Inquiry
           Committee’s investigation into the killing of a UNISFA peacekeeper and the Ngok
           Dinka Paramount Chief, welcomes the 24 March 2015 AUPSC press statement
           requesting the AU Commission to engage the parties on the findings and
           recommendations, and reiterates the need to enable the two communities to find
           closure on the assassination of the Ngok Dinka Paramount Chief, bearing in mind
           the need to promote stability and reconciliation in the Abyei Area;
                 22. Expresses its intention to continue reviewing as appropriate the mandate
           of UNISFA for possible reconfiguration of the force in light of the compliance by
           Sudan and South Sudan with the decisions set forth in resolution 2046 (2012) and
           their commitments as set forth in the Agreements of 20 June, 29 June, 30 July 2011
           and 27 September 2012, including the redeployment of all forces from the SDBZ,
           achieving full operational capability for the JBVMM and the Ad Hoc Committees,
           as well as completing the full demilitarization of the Abyei Area;
                23. Calls upon all Member States, in particular Sudan and South Sudan, to
           ensure the free, unhindered and expeditious movement, to and from Abyei and
           throughout the SDBZ, of all personnel, as well as equipment, provisions, supplies
           and other goods, including vehicles, aircraft, and spare part s, which are for the
           exclusive and official use of UNISFA;
                 24. Renews its call upon the Governments of Sudan and South Sudan to
           provide full support to the United Nations, including by promptly issuing visas to
           military, police and civilian United Nations personnel, including humanitarian
           personnel, without prejudice to their nationality, for entry into Sudan and South
           Sudan, facilitating basing arrangements, infrastructure construction, including the
           Athony airport, in the Mission Area and flight clearances, and providing logistical
           support, calls upon the Governments of Sudan and South Sudan to facilitate travel
           from within Sudan and South Sudan to and from Abyei, and further calls upon all
           parties to fully adhere to their obligations under the Status of Forces Agreements;

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                     25. Recognizes that the absence of development projects and the inability to
               deliver basic government services has had an adverse effect on Abyei populations
               and calls upon the Government of Sudan and the Government of South Sudan, as
               well as donors to support reconstruction and capacity-building;
                     26. Demands that the Government of Sudan and the Government of South
               Sudan continue to facilitate the deployment of the United Nations Mine Action
               Service (UNMAS) to ensure freedom of movement, as well as the identification and
               clearance of mines in the Abyei Area and SDBZ;
                     27. Further demands that all parties involved allow all humanitarian
               personnel full, safe and unhindered access to civilians in need of assistance and all
               necessary facilities for their operations, in accordance with international law,
               including applicable international humanitarian law, and United Nations guiding
               principles of humanitarian assistance;
                     28. Strongly urges that all parties cease all forms of violence, human rights
               violations and abuses, violations of international humanitarian law, and violations
               and abuses against children in violation of applicable international law;
                    29. Urges UNISFA to make rapid progress on deploying a Women and Child
               Protection Advisor;
                     30. Requests the Secretary-General to ensure that effective human rights
               monitoring is carried out, and the results included in his reports to the Council, and
               reiterates its call upon the Government of Sudan and the Government of South
               Sudan to extend their full cooperation to the Secretary-General to this end,
               including by issuing visas to the concerned United Nations personnel;
                    31. Recalls resolution 2272 (2016) and further requests the Secretary-General to take the necessary measures to ensure full compliance of UNISFA with
               the United Nations zero tolerance policy on sexual exploitation and abuse and to
               keep the Council fully informed through his regular country -specific reports to the
               Council about UNISFA’s progress in this regard, including with respect to the
               implementation of resolution 2272 (2016);
                     32. Requests the Secretary-General to continue to inform the Council of
               progress in implementing UNISFA’s mandate, including reporting on any steps
               taken per paragraph 9, in one written report, no later than 1 April 2018 and continue
               to bring to the Council’s immediate attention any serious violations of the above
               referenced Agreements;
                    33. Notes the Secretary-General’s efforts to ensure close cooperation among
               United Nations missions in the region, including UNISFA, the United Nations
               Mission in the Republic of South Sudan (UNMISS), and the African Union -United
               Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID), as well as his Special Envoy for
               Sudan and South Sudan, and requests that he continue this practice;
                    34.   Decides to remain actively seized of this matter.




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