               United Nations                                                                   S/RES/2086 (2013)
               Security Council                                                 Distr.: General
                                                                                21 January 2013




               Resolution 2086 (2013)
               Adopted by the Security Council at its 6903rd meeting, on
               21 January 2013

                    The Security Council,
                     Reaffirming its primary responsibility under the Charter of the United Nations
               for the maintenance of international peace and security and its readiness to strive for
               sustainable peace in all situations under its consideration,
                     Reaffirming its commitment to uphold the purposes and principles of the
               Charter of the United Nations, including its commitment and respect to the
               principles of political independence, sovereign equality and territorial integrity of
               all States in conducting all peacekeeping and peacebuilding activities and the need
               for States to comply with their obligations under international law,
                     Commending the critical role of United Nations peacekeeping operations in the
               maintenance of international peace and security, preventing and containing
               conflicts, promoting compliance with international norms and Security Council
               decisions and building peace in post-conflict situations,
                    Resolving to strengthen the central role of the United Nations in peacekeeping
               and to ensure the effective functioning of the collective security system established
               by the Charter of the United Nations,
                     Noting that peacekeeping ranges from traditional peacekeeping missions,
               which primarily monitor ceasefire to complex multidimensional operations, which
               seek to undertake peacebuilding tasks and address root causes of conflict,
                    Reaffirming that respect for the basic principles of peacekeeping, including
               consent of the parties, impartiality, and non-use of force, except in self-defence and
               defence of the mandate, is essential to the success of peacekeeping Operations,
                    Reiterating the commitment to enhance the effectiveness of the United Nations
               in addressing conflict at all stages from prevention to settlement to post-conflict
               peacebuilding,
                     Encouraging further progress on a comprehensive, coherent and integrated
               approach to the maintenance of international peace and security by preventing
               conflicts, preventing relapse and building sustainable peace through effective
               preventive diplomacy, peacemaking, peacekeeping and peacebuilding strategies,



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                     Recalling in this regard its commitment regularly to assess, in consultation
               with relevant stakeholders, the strength, mandate, and composition of peacekeeping
               operations with a view to making the necessary adjustments where appropriate,
               according to progress achieved or changing circumstances on the ground including
               in security, thereby allowing, on a case by case basis, reconfiguration, transition or
               withdrawal,
                     Reaffirming the primary responsibility of national authorities in identifying
               their priorities and strategies for post-conflict peacebuilding, and in this regard,
               reiterating that national ownership, responsibility and political will as well as
               concerted efforts of national governments, and the international community, are
               critical in building sustainable peace,
                     Emphasizing the vital role of the United Nations, in consultations with
               international partners, to support national authorities in consolidating peace and in
               developing strategies for peacebuilding priorities as well as to ensure that these
               strategies strengthen coherence between political, security, human rights and rule of
               law activities,
                     Reaffirming its commitment to address the impact of armed conflict on women
               and children, and recalling resolution 1325 (2000) and all subsequent resolutions on
               women, peace and security to reiterate the need for full, equal and effective
               participation of women at all stages of the peace process, given their vital role in the
               prevention and resolution of conflict and peacebuilding, as well resolution
               1261 (1999) on children and armed conflict and subsequent resolutions,
                     Paying tribute to the memory of United Nations peacekeepers who have lost
               their lives in the cause of peace, and in this regard, underscoring the importance of
               safety and security of United Nations peacekeepers, expressing grave concern about
               the security threats and targeted attacks against United Nations peacekeepers in
               many peacekeeping missions that constitute a major challenge to United Nations
               peacekeeping operations, condemning in the strongest terms killing of and all acts of
               violence against United Nations peacekeeping personnel, including the recent
               shooting down of a United Nations helicopter in South Sudan as well as recent
               casualties in United Nations Missions in Democratic Republic of Congo, Côte
               d’Ivoire and Darfur, and emphasizing that perpetrators of such attacks must be
               brought to justice,
                    1.    Welcomes the contribution of peacekeeping operations to a
               comprehensive strategy for durable peace and security and, notes with appreciation
               the contributions that peacekeepers and peacekeeping missions make to early
               peacebuilding;
                     2.    Emphasizes that United Nations peacekeeping activities should be
               conducted in a manner so as to facilitate post-conflict peacebuilding, prevention of
               relapse of armed conflict and progress towards sustainable peace and development;
                     3.    Reiterates its commitment to continue to improve its consideration and
               reflection of early peacebuilding tasks in the mandates and composition of
               peacekeeping operations, and in this regard, stresses the necessity for the Secretariat
               to plan early peacebuilding tasks in phases with clear objectives, taking into account
               local conditions and lessons learned, which should contribute to long-term
               peacebuilding objectives, in order to allow successful transition and withdrawal of
               peacekeeping operations;


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                 4.   Stresses the importance of grasping the challenges of peacebuilding from
           the inception of a peacekeeping mission through Integrated Strategic Assessment
           and Planning processes, so as to ensure coherence between, and integration of,
           peacemaking, peacekeeping, peacebuilding and development to achieve an effective
           response to post-conflict situation from the outset;
                 5.   Recognizes the important role of multidimensional peacekeeping
           missions to: (a) assist host countries in developing critical peacebuilding priorities
           and strategies; (b) help to create an enabling environment for relevant national and
           international actors to perform peacebuilding tasks; and (c) implement early
           peacebuilding tasks themselves;
                6.  Reiterates the need to integrate mission expertise and experience into the
           development of peacebuilding strategies;
                 7.   Recognizes that the mandate of each peacekeeping mission is specific to
           the needs and situation of the country concerned;
                8.   Notes, in this regard, that multidimensional peacekeeping missions may
           be mandated by the Security Council, inter-alia, to:
                 (a) Provide support to basic safety and security by assisting national security
           sector reform programmes, through strategic assistance to develop security sector
           frameworks, and capacity building of military, police and other law enforcement
           institutions in key areas, while upholding the spirit of complete national ownership
           and true partnership, with a view to building a legitimate, accountable and
           sustainable security sector, responsive to the needs of the population;
                 (b) Enable national governments in conceiving and developing the
           programmes of disarmament, demobilization and reintegration (DDR), which must
           follow a political process in an inclusive manner with a view to ensuring effective
           transition from disarmament and demobilization to reintegration, taking into
           consideration the different needs of all parts of the affected population, and in
           accordance with specific needs of a situation;
                 (c) Support the strengthening of rule of law institutions of the host country,
           in a coordinated manner with other United Nations entities, within the scope of
           respective mandates, in helping national authorities develop critical rule of law
           priorities and strategies to address the needs of police, judicial institutions and
           corrections system and critical interlinkages thereof, with a view to supporting the
           States’ ability to provide critical functions in these fields, and as a vital contribution
           to building peace and ending impunity;
                (d) Provide for rapid response in mine action as well as advisory services
           and training tailored to needs of national authorities, upon request, with a view to
           enabling risk reduction, victim assistance, demining and stockpile management and
           disposal;
                 (e) Support peace consolidation and inclusive political processes and
           through their good offices, advice and support, as well as by their ability to deter
           threats to the ongoing peace process, and facilitate consultation process among local
           population and civil society to help them contribute to national processes and
           discussions, and upon request, provide security, technical, logistic and
           administrative support to representative electoral processes, within the limitation of
           its capacities and resources;


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                    (f) Help to establish the necessary security conditions to facilitate delivery
               of humanitarian assistance, taking into account the special needs of refugees, IDPs,
               women, children, elderly and disabled people, and to create conditions necessary for
               voluntary, safe, dignified and sustainable return of refugees and IDPs;
                     (g) Contribute towards agreed international efforts to protect human rights
               including through monitoring and prevention and support national governments’
               efforts to promote and protect human rights, within its capacities and resources and
               according to its mandate throughout the life cycle of a Mission;
                    (h) Protect civilians, particularly those under imminent threat of physical
               violence, in conformity with paragraph 16 of its resolution 1674 (2006), within
               missions’ zones of operation and taking into account their capacities and resources,
               and support the efforts of the host authorities in protection of civilians from
               violence, including all forms of sexual and gender based violence, and in this
               regard, help in building and reforming security sector institutions of the host
               country that are able to sustainably and consistently protect civilians, while
               recognizing that protection of civilians is the primary responsibility of the host
               country;
                     (i) Cooperate and coordinate with United Nations agencies and funds and
               programs, as well as all relevant partners including international financial
               institutions and donors, to support the host government and relevant government
               institutions in designing poverty reduction and economic development policies,
               plans and strategies, within the context of specific situations;
                     (j) Support the participation of women in conflict prevention, conflict
               resolution and peacebuilding, and also support the efforts of the host government
               towards inclusion of women in decision-making roles in post-conflict governance
               institutions;
                     9.    Recognizes that, while primary responsibility for successful
               peacebuilding lies with governments and relevant national actors, multidimensional
               peacekeeping missions bring comparative advantages in early peacebuilding by:
               (a) drawing strength from international legitimacy and political leverage derived
               from the Security Council mandate; (b) using a mix of civilian, police, and military
               capabilities under a unified leadership; and (c) utilizing deep field presence;
                    10. Reiterates its resolve to give peacekeeping operations clear, credible and
               achievable mandates matched by appropriate resources;
                     11. Underlines the importance of deploying peacekeepers with professional
               skills, training, experience, excellence and in adherence to the United Nations zero
               tolerance policy for misconduct, and in this regard, encourages Troop- and Police-Contributing Countries, in the spirit of partnership, to continue to contribute
               professional military and police personnel with the necessary skills and experience
               to implement multidimensional peacekeeping mandates, including appropriate
               language skills at relevant levels;
                    12. Reiterates the importance, when establishing and renewing the mandates
               of United Nations Missions, to include provisions on the promotion of gender
               equality and the empowerment of women in post-conflict situations and on children
               and armed conflict, including through the appointment of gender advisers, women
               protection advisers and experts and child protection advisers, as appropriate, and



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           welcomes the call of Secretary-General for enhanced participation, representation
           and involvement of women in prevention and resolution of armed conflict and in
           peacebuilding as well as for a stronger commitment to address the challenges to
           such engagement of women at all levels;
                13. Encourages national governments, the United Nations, regional and
           subregional organizations to continue to use existing civilian expertise and also to
           broaden and deepen the pool of civilian capacities for peacebuilding in the
           immediate aftermath of conflict, including from countries with relevant experience
           in post-conflict peacebuilding or democratic transition, giving particular attention to
           mobilizing capacities from developing countries and from women, and in this
           regard, stresses the imperative of mandating and deploying civilian capacities in
           compliance with relevant United Nations resolutions and rules and procedures, and
           with a view to minimizing duplication of efforts and ensuring consistency and
           complementarity;
                 14. Underlines the importance of clarity on roles and responsibilities of
           United Nations peacekeeping operations, United Nations country teams and other
           relevant actors, including entities of the United Nations Peacebuilding architecture
           and the United Nations Agencies, Funds and Programmes for the delivery of
           prioritized support to a country, consistent with its specific peacebuilding needs and
           priorities, as outlined by national authorities, in order to ensure effective integration
           of effort;
                 15. Stresses that integrated action on the ground by security and development
           actors requires coordination with national authorities in order to stabilize and
           improve the security situation and help in economic recovery, and underlines the
           importance of integrated efforts among all United Nations entities in the field to
           promote coherence in the United Nations’ work in conflict and post-conflict
           situations;
                 16. Encourages the Secretariat, in the context of Integrated Strategic
           Assessment and Integrated Strategic Framework, to provide the Security Council
           and Troop- and Police-Contributing Countries and other key stakeholders with an
           early assessment of peacebuilding challenges in peacekeeping missions, including
           assessment of capabilities, force and personnel generation and logistic resource
           requirements, in order to coordinate and prioritize peacekeeping and peacebuilding
           activities in missions’ mandates;
                 17. Recognizes the need to further strengthen the cooperation and
           consultations with Troop- and Police-contributing countries, including through
           triangular cooperation between the Security Council, the Troop- and Police-Contributing Countries and the Secretariat, in areas where military and police
           contingents undertake early peacebuilding tasks, and encourages active participation
           of all stakeholders in open and more frequent consultation processes with a view to
           improving the delivery of peacebuilding tasks in the field;
                18. Underlines the importance of partnership and cooperation with regional
           and subregional arrangements and organizations, in accordance with Chapter VIII of
           the United Nations Charter, in supporting peacekeeping and peacebuilding activities
           as well as forging greater regional and national ownership;
                 19. Recalls its resolution 1645 (2005) and expresses its continued
           willingness to make use of the advisory, advocacy and resource mobilization roles


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               of the Peacebuilding Commission (PBC) in peacebuilding activities, welcomes the
               progress it has achieved, and emphasizes the need for further harnessing these roles
               in advancing and supporting an integrated and coherent approach with respect to
               multidimensional peacekeeping mandates in countries on its agenda;
                    20. Strongly condemns targeted attacks against United Nations peacekeeping
               personnel from any party to the conflict and in this regard, calls upon the Secretary-General to take all measures deemed necessary to strengthen United Nations field
               security arrangements and improve the safety and security of all military
               contingents, police officers, military observers and, especially, unarmed personnel;
                     21. Requests the Secretary-General to consider the provisions of this
               resolution in relevant peacekeeping and peacebuilding reports;
                    22.   Decides to remain seized of the matter.




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