Physical Activity Interventions in Educational Settings: Effects on Academic Achievement Revisited

Abstract:

This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of physical activity interventions on the academic achievement of school students across multiple domains. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, following PRISMA guidelines. Peer-reviewed studies published until December 13, 2021, were included. Thirty-one studies met the eligibility criteria and were analyzed. The meta-analysis revealed a significant improvement in mathematics performance among students participating in physical activity interventions compared to control groups. However, no significant effects were observed on language and reading skills. Despite the heterogeneity among studies, an overall improvement in academic performance was evident following physical activity interventions. The findings underscore the potential of structured physical activity programs to enhance specific domains of academic achievement, particularly mathematics. Further research is needed to elucidate the differential effects of physical activity on various academic subjects and to optimize intervention strategies for promoting academic success in educational settings. These findings have implications for educators, policymakers, and researchers seeking evidence-based approaches to support the holistic development of students.

Keywords: physical activity interventions, academic achievement, school students