Data and code for: "Phenological mismatches mitigate the ecological impact of a biological invader on amphibian communities" Submitted as an Article in Ecological Applications Overview of the material included: Datasets: 1) WBE_SK2.csv 2) WBE_DATA.csv 3) DS_HPref_Everts2023.csv 4) Metabarcoding_Data_Unprocessed.xls 5) MetaAnalysis_data.xlsx 6) BullfrogSequencing_Metadata.xls 7) Fish_binary.csv Scripts: Rscript.R Detailled description of relevant columns in each dataset used in the study 1) WBE_SK2.csv This dataset contains citizen-science occurrence records of the invasive American bullfrog in Belgium between 1996 and 2022, retrieved from the data-platform 'waarnemingen.be'. Each row represents a species occurrence. Below, a short description of each column relevant to this study is given. A gbifID = a unique ID attributed to the occurrence records generated by GBIF B datasetKey = a unique ID for the dataset at hand C Occurrence ID = unique ID attirbuted to the occurrence record from the original dataset, from the data-portal waarnemingen.be J species = Scientific name of the target species P Country code = code of the country where the observation of the species was made R stateProvince = region in which the observation of the species was made AB eventdate = date (ymd_hms) the observation was made AC dat = day of the month the observation was made AD month = month of the year the observation was made 2) WBE_DATA.csv This dataset contains citizen-science occurrence records of native amphibian species that were detected in the field study in Belgium between 2000 and 2022, retrieved from the data-platform 'waarnemingen.be'. Each row represents a species occurrence. Coordinates are left out for conservation purposes. Below, a short decsription of each column relevant to this study is given. A id = unique ID for the occurrence record B naam_lat = Scientific name of the target species E datum = date (dmy) the observation was made J kleed = refers to life stage 3) DS_HPref_Everts2023.csv This dataset contains the processed quantitative eDNAbarcoding data, eDNA metabarcoding data (both for amphibians and fish species co-occurring with invasive bullfrogs), and habitat suitability parameters following description in the manuscript, including relevant meta-data for the samples. Each row represent a unique eDNA sample, for which the presence/absence of each species is given as ones and zeroes, respectively. Below, a short decsription of each column relevant to this study is given. A Sample = eDNA sample ID B Pond_ID = ID of the water body the sample was taken C Filter_Vol = volume of pond water that could be filtered through the filter (in mL) D y = latitude of the sampled water body (degrees North) E x = longitude of the sampled waterbody (degrees East) F ddPCR_Conc = Bullfrog eDNA concentrations (in copies per µL per liter filtered water) quantified by Droplet Digital PCR (ddPCR) using the protocol outlined in Everts et al. 2021, and calculated following Everts et al. 2022. G-K = Visual esimation of the percentage cover of shadow along the shoreline (G), shoreline vegetation (H), submerged vegetation cover (I), floating vegetation cover (J), Emergent vegetation cover (K) L-M, Pond circumference in meters (L) and surface in square meters (M) dervide from Leyssen et al. (2020) N Richness: total number of native amphibian species detected by the eDNA metabarcoding analysis E Jaar = year the sample was taken O Fish = whether reads related to fish species were detected in the eDNA metabarcoding analysis P-W: Presence/absence for each native amphibian species detected using eDNA metabarcoding analysis X-Z: Presence/absence for each fish species that was found to significantly co-occur with invasive bullfrogs in Belgium 4) Metabarcoding_Data_Unprocessed.xls This dataset contains the unprocessed eDNA metabarcoding data as it was delivered after bio-informatic processing. Derived from this dataset is 3) DS_HPref_Everts2023.csv. Each row is a ASV (amplicon sequencing variant). Below, a short decsription of each column relevant to this study is given. A Column 1 = name of the ASV B count = total read count for that ASV across all samples G species_name = Scientific name of the target species to which the corresponding ASV has a 100% match with the reference database H-QR = Sample names. Divided by an underscore is the eDNA filter ID, the sampled water body ID, and the number of the technical replicates 5) MetaAnalysis_data.xlsx This dataset contains all data and meta-data used in the meta-analysis. Each row is a specific case. Below, a short decsription of each column relevant to this study is given. C STUD = short reference to the study from which data was taken D YR = year in which the study was published E CONT = continent the study was conducted in F CTRY = country the study was conducted in H SPSC = Scientific name of the target species for which the impact of invasive bullfrogs was assessed for M Pheno_mJ = mean phenological date for native amphibian species (in Julian days), calculated from citizen-science data presented in table S1 N Pheno_BF_mJ = mean phenological date for invasive bullfrogs (in Julian days), calculated from citizen-science data presented in table S1 O Overlap_mJ = difference between Pheno_BF_mJand Pheno_mJ R N = numbers of sites surveyed in the original studies T OR = odds-ratio U lOR = log-odds ratio V SE_OR = standard error of the odds-ratio W VAR_OR = variance of the odds-ratio X CU_L = lower limit of the 95% confidence interval of the odds-ratio Y CU_U = = upper limit of the 95% confidence interval of the odds-ratio 6) Bullfrog_Sequencing_Metadata.xls This dataset contains the meta-data related to the bio-informatic processing of the eDNA metabarcoding data. Each row represents a technical replicate of an eDNA sample (3 replicates for each of the 135 samples + 1 header = 406 rows) B individual = eDNA sample ID D replicate = technical replicate number G Veld_code_orig = ID of the water body the sample was taken M number_of_raw_reads = number of raw reads generated for that sample and replicate N-P number of reads after different processing steps in the bio-informatic processing, following Brys et al. (2021). 7) Fish_binary.csv This dataset contains the eDNA metabarcoding data related to the fish species that were detected, presented as a presence/absence matrix. This dataset was used to identify which fish species co-occurs significantly more frequently with invasive bullfrogs than would be expected by chance A Sample: Sample ID B BF_presence: whether or not bullfrog is present, based on the eDNA ddPCR barcoding data