Principals' Total Quality Human Relations Management Skills and Teachers' Pedagogical Output

The study utilizes ex-post facto research design, employing co-relational descriptive survey method on comprising 17,024 population, which includes 16,384 teachers and 640 principals from Bayelsa and Delta States. The sample size includes 812 secondary school principals and teachers from both Bayelsa and Delta States using random sampling technique. The research instrument is a self-constructed questionnaire developed based on the integrated quality management constructs originally formulated by Saraph, Benson, and Schroeder (1989) and information from relevant literatures. The questionnaire "Principals’ Total Quality Human Relations Management Skills and Teachers’ Pedagogical Output Questionnaire" (PTQHRMTPOQ). To gather responses, the questionnaire employed a Likert 4-point rating scale. The questionnaire was structured into two main sections. Section A aimed to collect background information which included personal details. Section B to assess the Principals’ Total Quality Human Relations Management Skills and Teachers' Pedagogical Output in public secondary schools in Bayelsa and Delta States. The face and content validity of the instrument was assessed through expert judgment. The reliability of this instrument was assessed using both the split-half method and the Cronbach alpha after administering the instrument to a randomly selected groups of forty-five (45) secondary school principals in Edo State, chosen due to its shared historical, geopolitical, social, and economic characteristics with Bayelsa and Delta States, all of which belong to the same South-South Geopolitical zone in the Niger-Delta region of Nigeria. The scores obtained from the responses were tabulated and analyzed which yielded 0.79 reliability coefficient indices. The researcher utilized descriptive statistics, specifically mean scores and standard deviation to address the research question, and the correlation coefficients to determine the existence of relationships among the variables. A mean score (X̅) rating of 2.50 or higher was considered as the benchmark for acceptance. Additionally, the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Statistics were applied to assess the significance of the relationship in the formulated hypothesis at a significance level of 0.05. The results were presented and analyzed in tabular form. The findings indicates that although principals are ascetical total quality management human/interpersonal relationship skills has positive significant relationship with teachers pedagogical output in secondary schools in both Bayelsa and Delta States. It was recommended that principals and teachers in secondary schools should shift their perspective on Total Quality Management (TQM) skills, recognizing that they are beneficial not only for businesses but also for educational institutions.