Therapeutic Potential Of Lycopene: A Phytonutrient Review

Lycopene is a carotenoid found in tomatoes and its derivatives. Evidence clinical studies highlights diverse therapeutic potential of lycopene. As a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent, lycopene demonstrates efficacy against various cancers, including prostate, breast, and colon cancers. Proposed mechanisms include induction cell cycle, arrest of apoptosis, and modulation of signalling pathways like IGF-1 and NF-kB. Lycopene also mitigates risk factors of diabetes by limiting blood glucose levels and increasing insulin secretion and antioxidant capacity. Additionally, it lowers LDL cholesterol, inhibits atherosclerosis progression and improves endothelial function, thereby conferring cardioprotection. Beyond these significant effects, lycopene exhibits protective roles in liver, skin, bone and nervous diseases. When applied topically, it reverses toxin-induced liver damage, prevents photoaging and dermatitis, counteracts bone loss in osteoporosis models, and shields neurons from oxidative damage. While molecular mechanisms are still being uncovered, lycopene's antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and signalling regulatory functions likely underlie its broad bioactive profile. Further research through clinical trials is warranted to elucidate optimal therapeutic dosages and preparations. Nonetheless, current evidence advocates increased dietary lycopene intake and supplementation for integrated disease prevention and adjunct therapy.