Strong localized pumping of water vapor to high altitudes on Mars during the perihelion season

1. Description of methods used for collection/generation of data:
The Nadir and Occultation for MArs Discovery (NOMAD) instrument is an spectrometer covering the spectral range between 0.2 to 4.3 µm. Its solar occultation (SO) channel acquires transmittance spectra at different diffraction orders sounding the limb of the Martian atmosphere. It uses a 4 lines/mm echelle grating in a litrow configuration. An Acousto-Optical Tunable Filter (AOTF) is used to select different diffraction orders. The spectral resolution of the SO channel is λ/∆λ=20,000. After spectral calibration, the vertical profiles are obtained using the state-of-the-art line-by-line Karlsruhe Optimized Radiative transfer Algorithm (KOPRA). The IAA level-2 processor relies on multi-parameter non-linear least squares fitting of measured and modeled spectra. The profiles in this data set have been obtained analyzing the NOMAD SO diffraction orders 134 (3011-3035 cm-1), 136 (3056-3081 cm-1), 168 (3775-3805 cm-1) and 169 (3798-3828 cm-1).

2. This dataset also includes simulations obtained from KOPRA, ASIMUT and PSG forward models. The spectral range of the simulations cover the spectral range from 3370 to 3430 cm-1, with a mean spectral resolution of 5e-4, 2e-3 and 3e-4 cm-1 respectively.