McLellan, C. F. & Montgomery, S. H. Evolution of larval gregariousness is associated with host plant specialisation, but not host morphology, in Heliconiini butterflies

Callum F. McLellan, University of Bristol, cm15245@bristol.ac.uk
Stephen H. Montgomery, University of Bristol, s.montgomery@bristol.ac.uk

C. F. McLellan is responsible for collecting data and writing the code.

This data folder contains the R scripts to perform all analyses described in the study, all data files needed for analyses and two phylogenetic trees in nexus format needed for analyses.

Data files within folder:
Variables (columns) in data files are described as follows:
'Genus' = larval genera
'Species' = larval species
'Tag' = larval species as it appears as tip label in phylogeny
'SB' = larval social behaviour in binary format (0/1 = solitary/gregarious)
'Cat_SB' = larval social behaviour in categorical format (0/1/2/3 = NA/SA/MA/LA)
'Cont_SB' = larval social behaviour in continuous format
'WS' = adult wingspan (log transformed), used as proxy for final instar larval size
'Host_num' = number of different Passifloraceae species that larva uses as host
'Host' = Passifloraceae host species
'Habit' = Passifloraceae growth habit
'Habitat' = main habitat type in which Passifloraceae host grows
'Vestiture' = Passifloraceae leaf vestiture (0/1 = glabrous/pubescent)
'Leaf_area' = Passifloraceae leaf area (log10 transformed)
'Phylogeny' = the phylogeny in which the Heliconiini species appears, stated if both


Kozak_NEXUS.tre - Heliconiini phylogenetic tree from Kozak et al. (2015).
MCMCtree.Priors5.Run1-10.Median.Figtree.nex - Heliconiini phylogenetic tree from Cicconardi et al. (2022).

data_cicconardi - Larval trait data used for analyses with Cicconardi et al. phylogeny.
data_kozak - Larval trait data used for analyses with Kozak et al. phylogeny.
freq_hosts_cicc - Larval trait data used for analyses with Cicconardi et al. phylogeny, where Passifloraceae species used by fewer than four Heliconiini have been omitted.
freq_hosts_kozak - Larval trait data used for analyses with Kozak et al. phylogeny, where Passifloraceae species used by fewer than four Heliconiini have been omitted.
Host_plants - Recorded Passifloraceae hosts used by Heliconiini species with references. 
Host_traits - Passifloraceae species and thier recorded traits, including Median leaf width and length.
Larvae_traits - All Heliconiini species included across both phylogenies, including recorded larval traits and references for social behaviour.
Panama_data - Heliconiini host use data taken from Merrill et al. (2013), including Passifloraceae trait data. 'Lep_num' = number of eggs/larvae recorded by Merrill et al. of each larval species on each host.
Removed_Dilkea - The 'data_kozak' dataset adapted to omit three Heliconiini species which are recorded as only feeding on the genus 'Dilkea'.  


R script files within folder:
Cicconardi_phylo_analysis.R - script for calculating phylogenetic signal of traits and analysing interactions with MCMCglmm, using Heliconiini species included in Cicconardi et al. phylogeny.
Kozak_phylo_analysis.R - script for calculating phylogenetic signal of traits, analysing interactions with MCMCglmm and analysing supplementary data, using Heliconiini species included in Kozak et al. phylogeny.

All quantitative analyses performed using R v. 4.2.2