May 10, 2007 Journal article Open Access

Tuoriniemi, Juha; Juntunen-Nurmilaukas, Kirsi; Uusvuori, Johanna; Pentti, Elias; Salmela, Anssi; Sebedash, Alexander

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    "description": "Elements in the alkali metal series are regarded as unfavourable for\nsuperconductivity due to their monovalent character. The superconducting\ntransition at temperatures as high as 20 K recently found in compressed lithium,\nthe lightest alkali element, is considered to occur due to pressure induced changes\nin the conduction-electron band structure. The condition at the ambient\npressure in lithium had remained unresolved, both theoretically and\nexperimentally. Here we report that lithium is a superconductor also at zero\npressure at extremely low temperatures below 0.4 mK. This is the lowest\nsuperconducting transition temperature for any pure metal ever observed.\nLithium, as a particularly simple host for the conduction electron system,\nrepresents an important case for any attempts to classify the superconductors and\ntransition temperatures, especially in judging if any nonmagnetic configuration\ncan be assumed to exclude superconductivity down to zero temperature. Such a\nfundamental system provides a stringent test case for already highly developed\ncomputational methods in predicting the transition temperatures from first\nprinciples. Furthermore, the combination of extremely weak superconductivity\nand relatively strong nuclear magnetism in lithium would evidently lead to mutual\ncompetition between these two ordering phenomena under suitably prepared\nconditions.", 
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    "title": "Superconductivity in lithium below 0.4 millikelvin at ambient pressure", 
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        "name": "Tuoriniemi, Juha"
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        "name": "Juntunen-Nurmilaukas, Kirsi"
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