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Published September 27, 2022 | Version New Research Paper
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Radon testing in exposure and contribution of radon to lung cancer and social determinants

  • 1. Department of Anesthesiology, Sri Muthukumaran Medical College & R.I., Chikkarayapuram, Chennai, INDIA

Description

Tobacco use is a major public health concern in Kentucky, as nearly one-quarter of adults report current tobacco use and one-third of Kentucky households with children do not have regulations restricting smoking in the home. Radon, a colorless, odorless radioactive gas, occurs naturally from the decay of uranium found in rocks and soil and can be harmful when trapped indoors. When inhaled, radioactive particles settle in the lungs and irradiate cells in the respiratory tract. Indoor exposure of radon is a cause of lung cancer among smokers and nonsmokers; However, there is a synergistic effect between tobacco smoke exposure and radon on the development of lung cancer, with smokers or individuals exposed to tobacco smoke having a 10 times greater risk of developing lung cancer than non-smokers. Smoke. This paper has three components; Systematic review of the literature, prospective study of Appalachian residents, and secondary analysis of state radon and other population-level data. First, a search of the published literature on the risk of radon-induced lung cancer was conducted through PubMed for all relevant studies published in English between 2008 and 2018. Second, using the teachable moment model (McBride et al., 2003) as a theoretical framework, an exploratory, prospective study design was used to examine the relationship between teachable moment model. Third, an ecological, descriptive research design was used to conduct secondary data analysis of 54,683 observed radon values from Kentucky homes. Data from 1995–2016 were obtained from the statewide radon database. Multivariate linear regression was used to examine the association between county-level social determinants of health and environmental exposures and household radon testing units. Results of a review of the literature described four models of excess relative risk commonly used to estimate population attributable risk associated with indoor exposure of radon, including those proposed by the Environmental Protection Agency, the BEIR-VI exposure-age-concentration model. BEIR-VI exposure-age-period model, and the European Pooling Study model. There was no difference in lung cancer, lung cancer concerns, or synergistic risk perception between those who completed home radon testing and those who did not. Although 29% of those tested had high radon levels at home, many participants reported a low personal risk of lung cancer.

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Journal article: 10.5281/zenodo.7115383 (DOI)