Synthesis, antioxidant and hypoglycemic assessment of new azo-sulfamethoxazole derivatives

The link connecting oxidative stress and diabetes is unambiguous. From this perspective, this work was conducted to utilize sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) as a precursor to synthesize eight-based derivatives abbreviated as SMZ 1-8. Structural identification, carried out using the traditional spectroscopies, namely FTIR, 1 H NMR, and 13C NMR, was ascertained the chemical frameworks of the synthesized derivatives. The antioxidant and hypoglycemic impacts of these derivatives were investigated to evaluate their potential as antidiabetic candidates. The antioxidant impact was assessed by following the capacity of the synthesized SMZ derivatives to track down DPPH- and hydroxyl-reactive species and subscribe an electron in a redox reaction. The hypoglycemic impact was evaluated in vitro versus yeast α-glucosidase and porcine α-amylase. The findings indicated that substituting the phenolic azo group for the primary amine moiety of SMZ caused a significant increase in the antioxidant and hypoglycemic effects. Also, the synthesized SMZ derivatives showed a similar style in their inhibitory efficacy throughout the employed assays. Additionally, SMZ-2 and SMZ-6 exhibited delightful antioxidant and hypoglycemic impacts that are exceedingly related to the applied standards. The authors stated that the synthesized SMZ derivatives, notably SMZ-2 and SMZ-6, were intriguing candidates for diabetes management and control due to their potent antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities.