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Published April 26, 2022 | Version v1
Journal article Open

EXTRACTION, PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIULCER EFFECT OF HYDROALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF ALPINIA GALANGA

Description

Peptic disorders like Gastroesophageal reflux disease, gastritis, peptic ulcer, duodenal ulcer, etc., are the common in today’s life style. This may be due to stressful life style or improper balance diet. The pathology behind these disorders may be discrepancy between offensive and defensive mechanisms either by excess secretion of acid and pepsin or diminished ability of the gastro-duodenal mucosal barrier to protect against stomach acid-pepsin secretion. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a class of the most commonly used medicines and proven to be effective for certain disorders. Some people use NSAIDs on daily basis for preventive purpose. But a variety of severe side effects can be induced by NSAIDs. Studies have shown that edible natural ingredients exhibit preventive benefit of gastric ulcer. Therefore present study was designed to evaluate antiulcer activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Alpinia galanga (A. galanga) rhizomes in rats. Qualitative analysis of various phytochemical constituents and quantitative analysis of total flavonoids and alkaloid were determined by the well-known test protocol available in the literature. The in vivo anti-ulcer activity of hydroalcoholic extract was assessed against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Depending on the model, outcome measures were volume and pH of gastric fluid, free acidity, total acidity, pepsin activity and ulcer index as well as percent inhibition of ulcer index.  Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins. The total flavonoids content of A. galanga extract was (0.942mg/100mg), followed by alkaloids (0.855mg/100mg) respectively. Further hydroalcoholic extract of 100 and 200mg/kg/p.o, the volume of gastric content, total/free acidity and pepsin activity was significantly decreased and pH of the gastric juice was significantly increase. The findings of this study confirmed that A. galanga extract has anti-ulcer pharmacologic activity due to one or more of the secondary metabolites present in it. Therefore, this study validates its anti-ulcer use in Indian folk medicine. Further investigations on isolation of specific phytochemicals and elucidating mechanisms of action are needed.

Keywords: Alpinia galanga, Phytochemical constituents, Antiulcer, Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Ethanol-induced gastric ulcer.

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