A Complete study and review of Characterization Techniques of Nano materials

Nano-materials are currently gaining a lot of prominence due to their unique properties and applications in various
fields. Much information is available in the literature on the synthesis and applications of these materials such as
carbon nano tubes, nano capsules for drug delivery, bio-synthesized gold and silver nano particles etc. However, in
each case, characterization carries a lot of importance, particularly, validation by transmission electron microscopic
techniques. In this paper, an attempt has been made to elucidate x-ray diffraction and different electron microscopic
techniques such as FEG SEM, Environmental SEM, TEM along with EDS, AFM and FIB etc. which are used for
the characterization of nano-materials. Also included are sample preparation techniques for the observation of these
materials using electron microscopy.