RGB LED bulbs for communication, harvesting and sensing

RGB LED bulbs have entered the market as a promising alternative to traditional phosphor coating LEDs to meet illumination standards. In this paper, we introduce and propose solutions to address the challenges of RGB LED lighting for the Internet of Things applications, performing communication, harvesting energy and sensing tasks. Through experiments, we demonstrate that we can use RGB LEDs for multiple tasks. We can achieve a bandwidth in the order of 50 kHz and distances of around 3.5 m using commercial RGB LED bulbs as transceivers, without using any dedicated photodetector. RGB LED links are composed of three main colours, and we show that red is the best colour both for communicating to another receiving RGB LED bulb, as well as for harvesting with a solar cell; green and blue can instead be exploited for standard-compliant lighting and/or sensing purposes. We evaluate the system in two proof of concepts and provide insights for operating RGB LEDs for multiple tasks.