Molecular machines based on transition metal complexes : Rotaxanes and catenanes
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Cl 295A, Indira Nagar, Kanpur-208 026, Uttar Pradesh, India
"Sneh Lok", B-332-B, Sector-A, Sitapur Road Yojana, Lucknow-226 020, Uttar Pradesh, India
Manuscript received 22 April 2008, accepted 23 April 2008
Human beings since ambiguity have been persistently designing mechanical devices which can perform certain functions useful to them. Recently along with this endeavour, emphasis has also been directed towards miniaturizing these devices leading to the possibility of constructing machines on nanoscale level, but for the past four decades it has been realized that miniaturization has reached its practical and fundamentals limit. Owing to the progress made to better understanding of the operation and mechanism of natural molecular machines of the biological world, it has however become possible to artificially design simple prototype of such device using molecular machines which provide atom-by-atom (bottom-up) approach towards the construction of microdevices.
These imitate biological systems which play essential roles in a wide variety of biological events particularly those related to the activities of cells and realize specific functions through their reponses of mechanical motions. Such studies have led to an enormous interest not only in basic research but also in the growth of nanosciences, in particular, towards designing molecular machines using "bottom-up" rather than 'top-down' approach. These are based on the synthesis of various molecular rotaxanes, catenanes, rotors, and other systems. In synthesizing the latter, various systems have been proposed based on redox reactions (electro-chemical; chemical) involving in particular the formations of dissociation of transition metal complexes. It will not be out of place to refer that a very large volume of work has also been carried out using organic and inorganic molecules.
In this paper attempts have been made to describe a few examples of CuI, Cull, RuII, ZnII and other metal complexes using electrochemical, chemical and light-driven molecular motions. However the review will not be a complete one in any sense because of the very large and fast work going on in this area.
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