{ "normalForm": true, "headword": "DUBIUM, -ii [noun]", "etymology": [ { "period": "PIE", "form": "*dui-bʰh₂u-o-", "def": "'double'", "certitude": true }, { "period": "PIt", "form": "*du(i)-fwo-", "def": "", "certitude": true } ], "dataFormat": "cent", "meanings": [ { "definition": "Doubt", "construct": "_", "group": "_", "analysis": [ { "id": "gpbgk", "category": "Not modal", "emergence": -1, "disparition": "None", "attestation": "CIC. inv. 2, 116 in scripto versatur controversia, cum ex scriptionis ratione aliquid dubii nascitur.", "certainty": true, "relationships": { "origins": [], "destinations": [ { "rel": "fhe", "cert": true }, { "rel": "qfxmog", "cert": true } ], "unspecified": [ { "rel": "zakia", "cert": true } ] } } ] }, { "definition": "Without hesitation", "construct": "Sine dubio", "group": "_", "analysis": [ { "id": "zakia", "category": "Not modal", "emergence": -1, "disparition": "None", "attestation": "NEP. Thras. 1, 2 dubito, an hunc primum omnium ponam. Illud sine dubio (i. e. facio): neminem huic praefero fide.", "certainty": true, "relationships": { "origins": [ { "rel": "gfwtqqf", "cert": true } ], "destinations": [ { "rel": "fhe", "cert": true }, { "rel": "hjsbudko", "cert": true }, { "rel": "dkr", "cert": true } ], "unspecified": [ { "rel": "gpbgk", "cert": true } ] } } ] }, { "definition": "Willingly", "construct": "Sine dubio", "group": "_", "analysis": [ { "id": "hjsbudko", "category": "Not modal", "emergence": 5, "disparition": "None", "attestation": "HERM. Pal. Sim. 2, 5 praestat ergo dives pauperi omnia sine dubio. ", "certainty": true, "relationships": { "origins": [ { "rel": "zakia", "cert": true } ], "destinations": [], "unspecified": [] } } ] }, { "definition": "Someone who doubts, does not believe", "construct": "_", "group": "_", "analysis": [ { "id": "qfxmog", "category": "Not modal", "emergence": 2, "disparition": "None", "attestation": "TERT. Resurr. 5 p. 31, 6 rudes quique de communibus adhuc sensibus sapiunt et dubii et simplices (adhuc de fide Christiana dubitantes).", "certainty": true, "relationships": { "origins": [ { "rel": "gpbgk", "cert": true }, { "rel": "fhe", "cert": true } ], "destinations": [], "unspecified": [] } } ] }, { "definition": "Someone who hesitates", "construct": "_", "group": "_", "analysis": [ { "id": "fhe", "category": "Not modal", "emergence": 1, "disparition": "None", "attestation": "SEN. Epist. 95, 46 nihil est turpius dubio et incerto ac timide pedem referente.", "certainty": true, "relationships": { "origins": [ { "rel": "vohkq", "cert": true }, { "rel": "gpbgk", "cert": true }, { "rel": "zakia", "cert": true } ], "destinations": [ { "rel": "qfxmog", "cert": true }, { "rel": "dojeus", "cert": true } ], "unspecified": [] } } ] }, { "definition": "Fainthearted", "construct": "_", "group": "_", "analysis": [ { "id": "dojeus", "category": "Not modal", "emergence": 2, "disparition": "None", "attestation": "ITALA apoc. 21, 8 (Primas.) dubiis autem et infidelibus... pars erit in stagno.", "certainty": true, "relationships": { "origins": [ { "rel": "fhe", "cert": true } ], "destinations": [], "unspecified": [] } } ] }, { "definition": "Ambiguity, uncertainty", "construct": "_", "group": "_", "analysis": [ { "id": "hcsvto", "category": "Not modal", "emergence": -1, "disparition": "None", "attestation": "CIC. fin. 4, 67 utrum… perspicuisne -a aperiuntur an dubiis perspicua tolluntur?… cum perspicuis dubia debeatis illustrare, dubiis perspicua conamini tollere.", "certainty": true, "relationships": { "origins": [ { "rel": "vohkq", "cert": true } ], "destinations": [ { "rel": "gjblqvr", "cert": true }, { "rel": "jzjaem", "cert": true }, { "rel": "waqag", "cert": true } ], "unspecified": [ { "rel": "xaarll", "cert": true }, { "rel": "vqkemn", "cert": true } ] } }, { "id": "vqkemn", "category": "Modal: epistemic", "emergence": -1, "disparition": "None", "attestation": "LIV. 6, 40, 17 possetisne ferre Sextium haud pro dubio consulem esse?", "certainty": true, "relationships": { "origins": [], "destinations": [ { "rel": "awpapu", "cert": true } ], "unspecified": [ { "rel": "hcsvto", "cert": true } ] } } ] }, { "definition": "Something arguable", "construct": "_", "group": "_", "analysis": [ { "id": "gjblqvr", "category": "Not modal", "emergence": 1, "disparition": "None", "attestation": "QUINT. inst. 5, 12, 2 argumentum oportet esse confessum: dubiis enim probari dubia qui possunt?", "certainty": true, "relationships": { "origins": [ { "rel": "hcsvto", "cert": true } ], "destinations": [], "unspecified": [] } } ] }, { "definition": "Suspicion, feeling of mistrust", "construct": "_", "group": "_", "analysis": [ { "id": "xaarll", "category": "Not modal", "emergence": -1, "disparition": "None", "attestation": "CIC. Quinct. 5 non eo dico …, quo mihi veniat in dubium tua fides et constantia.", "certainty": true, "relationships": { "origins": [], "destinations": [], "unspecified": [ { "rel": "hcsvto", "cert": true } ] } } ] }, { "definition": "Adverse, dangerous things or events", "construct": "_", "group": "_", "analysis": [ { "id": "vohkq", "category": "Not modal", "emergence": -2, "disparition": "None", "attestation": "PACUV. Trag. 307 o multimodis varie et dubium et prosperum copem diem!", "certainty": true, "relationships": { "origins": [], "destinations": [ { "rel": "fhe", "cert": true }, { "rel": "hcsvto", "cert": true } ], "unspecified": [] } } ] }, { "definition": "Without any doubt", "construct": "Sine dubio", "group": "_", "analysis": [ { "id": "gfwtqqf", "category": "Not modal", "emergence": -2, "disparition": "None", "attestation": "TER. Eun. 1044 numquid Gnatho tu dubitas, quin ego nunc perpetuo perierim? :: sine dubio opinor.", "certainty": true, "relationships": { "origins": [], "destinations": [ { "rel": "zakia", "cert": true }, { "rel": "czd", "cert": true }, { "rel": "zsgzbpc", "cert": true } ], "unspecified": [ { "rel": "yfyn", "cert": true } ] } }, { "id": "czd", "category": "Modal: epistemic", "emergence": -1, "disparition": "None", "attestation": "VARRO rust. 2, 5, 10 qui sine dubio… praeponendi.", "certainty": true, "relationships": { "origins": [ { "rel": "gfwtqqf", "cert": true } ], "destinations": [ { "rel": "fi", "cert": true } ], "unspecified": [] } } ] }, { "definition": "[concessive] Sure… but", "construct": "Sine dubio", "group": "_", "analysis": [ { "id": "zsgzbpc", "category": "Modal: epistemic", "emergence": -1, "disparition": "None", "attestation": "VARRO Rust. 3, 9, 6 qui (galli) sine dubio sunt pulchri …, sed ad partus sunt steriliores.", "certainty": true, "relationships": { "origins": [ { "rel": "gfwtqqf", "cert": true } ], "destinations": [ { "rel": "vjmo", "cert": true } ], "unspecified": [] } } ] }, { "definition": "Evidently, of course", "construct": "Sine dubio", "group": "_", "analysis": [ { "id": "fi", "category": "Modal: epistemic", "emergence": 1, "disparition": "None", "attestation": "PETRON. 26, 3 sine dubio non repugnaverat puer.", "certainty": true, "relationships": { "origins": [ { "rel": "czd", "cert": true } ], "destinations": [], "unspecified": [] } } ] }, { "definition": "That is, namely", "construct": "Sine dubio", "group": "_", "analysis": [ { "id": "jzjaem", "category": "Not modal", "emergence": 2, "disparition": "None", "attestation": "TERT. Fug. 9 med. Clipeum, quo possitis tela diaboli extinguere, resistentes sine dubio et excipientes omnem vim illius.", "certainty": true, "relationships": { "origins": [ { "rel": "hcsvto", "cert": true } ], "destinations": [], "unspecified": [] } } ] }, { "definition": "As it is well known", "construct": "Sine dubio", "group": "_", "analysis": [ { "id": "waqag", "category": "Not modal", "emergence": 2, "disparition": "None", "attestation": "TERT. ieiun. 9 p. 285, 6 cum corvi Heliam pane et carne saturare consuessent, cur... ei... angelus sine dubio panem solum et aquam obtulit?", "certainty": true, "relationships": { "origins": [ { "rel": "hcsvto", "cert": true } ], "destinations": [], "unspecified": [] } } ] }, { "definition": "[future event] For sure", "construct": "Sine dubio", "group": "_", "analysis": [ { "id": "jqbtpd", "category": "Modal: epistemic", "emergence": 5, "disparition": "None", "attestation": "PALLAD. 7, 5, 3 gemmam, quae bene adparebit sine dubio processura. ", "certainty": true, "relationships": { "origins": [ { "rel": "yu", "cert": true } ], "destinations": [], "unspecified": [] } } ] }, { "definition": "Undoubtedly", "construct": "Procul dubio", "group": "_", "analysis": [ { "id": "yfyn", "category": "Modal: epistemic", "emergence": -2, "disparition": "None", "attestation": "CATO orig. 83 illi omnes quadrigenti procul dubio obtruncabuntur.", "certainty": true, "relationships": { "origins": [], "destinations": [ { "rel": "yu", "cert": true } ], "unspecified": [ { "rel": "gfwtqqf", "cert": true } ] } } ] }, { "definition": "[concessive] Sure… but", "construct": "Procul dubio", "group": "_", "analysis": [ { "id": "vjmo", "category": "Modal: epistemic", "emergence": 4, "disparition": "None", "attestation": "OPTAT. 7, 1 p. 164, 14 dei sunt procul dubio ambae voces, sed non ad unum populum sonat utraque.", "certainty": true, "relationships": { "origins": [ { "rel": "zsgzbpc", "cert": true } ], "destinations": [], "unspecified": [] } } ] }, { "definition": "Evidently, of course", "construct": "Procul dubio", "group": "_", "analysis": [ { "id": "gpwgvd", "category": "Modal: epistemic", "emergence": 1, "disparition": "None", "attestation": "QUINT. Inst. 3, 23, 3 repetitio bonorum procul dubio labefactabat compositae civitatis statum.", "certainty": true, "relationships": { "origins": [], "destinations": [], "unspecified": [] } } ] }, { "definition": "[future event] For sure", "construct": "Procul dubio", "group": "_", "analysis": [ { "id": "yu", "category": "Modal: epistemic", "emergence": 4, "disparition": "None", "attestation": "AMM. 16, 11, 5 sciens per ea erupturos procul dubio grassatores.", "certainty": true, "relationships": { "origins": [ { "rel": "yfyn", "cert": true } ], "destinations": [ { "rel": "jqbtpd", "cert": true } ], "unspecified": [] } } ] }, { "definition": "So that no doubt is left", "construct": "Procul dubio", "group": "_", "analysis": [ { "id": "awpapu", "category": "Modal: epistemic", "emergence": 1, "disparition": "None", "attestation": "PLIN. Nat. 2, 165 procul dubio apparere, quo quid humilius sit, propius a centro esse terrae.", "certainty": true, "relationships": { "origins": [ { "rel": "vqkemn", "cert": true } ], "destinations": [], "unspecified": [] } } ] }, { "definition": "Immediately", "construct": "Procul dubio", "group": "_", "analysis": [ { "id": "dkr", "category": "Not modal", "emergence": 5, "disparition": "None", "attestation": "COD. Theod. 4, 10, 3 ad servitutis nexum procul dubio reducentur.", "certainty": true, "relationships": { "origins": [ { "rel": "zakia", "cert": true } ], "destinations": [], "unspecified": [] } } ] } ] }