Araeosoma fenestratum
Description
Araeosoma fenestratum (Thomson, 1872b) Reports for the Azores:
Araeosoma fenestratum (Thomson, 1872b) — Marques 1980: 104; $ Mironov 2006: 103.
Type locality: off the coast of Portugal.
See: Thomson (1872b: 741–744, pl. 63, figs. 9–10, pl. 66, figs. 1–5, pl. 67, figs. 1–9, as Calveria fenestrate); Mortensen (1935: 233–237, pl. 29–30, pl. 78, fig. 11); Benavides-Serrato et al. (2012: 51–52).
Occurrence: North Atlantic, from the Denmark Strait (Mortensen 1903) to the Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico (Benavides-Serrato et al. 2012), eastwards from off Scotland and the Rockall Trough (Gage et al. 1985; Harvey et al. 1988) to Portugal (Thomson 1872b), including the Azores and the Meteor Seamounts (Mironov 2006).
Depth: 148– 1,270 m (Mironov 2006); AZO:? 900 m (herein).
Habitat: soft sediments, on fine sand to mud (Gage et al. 1985); gut contents include bottom sediments together with a variety of sponges and plant fragments (Serafy & Fell 1985); feeds also on deep-sea reef building corals such as Lophelia pertusa and Madrepora oculata (Stevenson & Rocha 2012).
Larval stage: lecithotrophic (Emlet 1995).
Remarks: it is likely that when Marques (1980) mentioned the presence of Araeosoma fenestratum in the Azores he was referring to unreported specimens collected by Biacores expedition in the archipelago. These specimens were mentioned by Mironov (2006) who noted that in the collection of MNHN Paris there are numerous Araeosoma taken in the Azorean waters by Jean Charcot (Biacores cruise, unreported) Cruise and mostly labelled by Vasco Marques as belonging to A. fenestratum. Additionally, the later author identified several specimens belonging to A. fenestratum in Meteor waters bordering the Azores. In 2009, during the expedition EMEPC-LUSO an echinothurid likely to belong to this species was captured on video on the seabed of the Azorean deep waters, north of S„o Jorge Island (38°42'18"N, 28°01'18"W, 900 m; Fig. 28 A–B) and south of Pico Island (36°36'25"N, 28°06'43"W, 2009.10.21, 1,102 m; Fig. 28C).
Notes
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Collection code
- AZO
- Family
- Echinothuriidae
- Genus
- Araeosoma
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Order
- Echinothurioida
- Phylum
- Echinodermata
- Scientific name authorship
- Thomson
- Species
- fenestratum
- Taxon rank
- species
- Type status
- holotype
- Taxonomic concept label
- Araeosoma fenestratum (Thomson, 1872) sec. Madeira, Kroh, Cordeiro, De, Martins & Ávila, 2019
References
- Thomson, W. (1872 b) On the Echinoidea of the Porcupine Dredging Expeditions. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 2, 719 - 756.
- Marques, V. M. (1980) Echinodermes recueillis pedant la mission " Hesperides 76 " du N / O Jean Charcot. Arquivo do Museu Bocage, 2 ª Serie, 7 (7), 95 - 107.
- Mironov, A. N. (2006) Echinoids from seamounts of the north-eastern Atlantic, onshore / offshore gradients in species distribution. In: Mironov, A. N., Gebruk, A. V. & Southward, A. J. (Eds.), Biogeography of the North Atlantic Seamounts. KMK Scientific Press, Russian Academy of Sciences, P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Moscow, pp. 96 - 133.
- Mortensen, T. (1935) A Monograph of the Echinoidea. II. Bothriocidaroida, Melonechinoida, Lepidocentroida, and Stirodonta. C. A. Reitzel & Oxford University Press, Copenhagen & London, 647 pp.
- Benavides-Serrato, M., Borrero-Perez, G. H. & Diaz-Sanchez, C. M. (2012) Equinodermos del Caribe colombiano II: Echinoidea y Holothuroidea. Vol. 30. Serie de Publicaciones Especiales de Invemar, Santa Marta, 250 pp.
- Mortensen, T. (1903) Echinoidea (Part 1). In: The Danish Ingolf-Expedition 1895 - 1896. 4 (1). Bianco Luno, Copenhagen, 4 (1), pp. 1 - 198.
- Gage, J. D., Billett, D. S. M., Jensen, M. & Tyler, P. A. (1985) Echinoderms of the Rockall Trough and adjacent areas. 2. Echinoidea and Holothurioidea. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology, 48 (4), 173 - 214.
- Harvey, R., Gage, J. D., Billett, D. S. M., Clark, A. M. & Paterson, G. L. J. (1988) Echinoderms of the Rockall Trough and adjacent areas. 3. Additional records. Bulletin British Museum Natural History, Zoology, 54, 153 - 198.
- Serafy, D. K. & Fell, F. J. (1985) Marine Flora and Fauna of the Northeastern United States. Echinodermata: Echinoidea. NOAA Technical Report NMFS, 33, 1 - 27.
- Stevenson, A. & Rocha, C. (2012) Evidence for the bioerosion of deep-water corals by echinoids in the Northeast Atlantic. Deep-Sea Research I, Oceanographic Research Papers, 71, 73 - 78. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. dsr. 2012.09.005
- Emlet, R. B. (1995) Developmental mode and species geographic range in regular sea urchins (Echinodermata: Echinoidea). Evolution, 49 (3), 476 - 489. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1558 - 5646.1995. tb 02280. x