Gracilechinus affinis
Description
Gracilechinus affinis (Mortensen, 1903) Reports for the Azores:
Echinus affinis Mortensen, 1903 — $ Koehler 1909: 229–230, pl. 31, figs. 1–2, 19; Mortensen 1927a: 305–306, fig. 174, 1943a: 83–86, pl. 11, figs. 1–7, pl. 55, figs. 15, 17, 19; Gage et al. 1985: 183–184; Serafy & Fell 1985: 21, fig. 26;
Gracilechinus affinis Mortensen, 1903 — Mironov 2014: 123.
Type locality: south of Iceland.
See: Mortensen (1903: 150–152, pl. 5, figs. 4, 8, pl. 15, figs. 3, 10, pl. 16, figs. 6, 20, pl. 18, figs. 4, 16, 28, pl.
19, fig. 27, pl. 20, figs. 17, 21; 1943a).
Occurrence: North Atlantic, from the east coast of the USA, the Denmark Strait and Iceland (Mortensen 1903) south to Rockall Trough (D̂derlein 1906), Galicia (N Spain; Koehler 1921a) and the Azores (Koehler 1909).
Depth: 770–2,700 (?5,300) m (Mironov 2014); AZO: 1,482 –2,252 m (Koehler 1909).
Habitat: soft bottoms, muddy sand to ooze (Koehler 1909, Gage et al. 1985); possibly an opportunistic scavenger (Gage et al. 1985).
Larval stage: planktotrophic (Young & Tyler 1993).
Remarks: Gracilechinus affinis is known from the Azores only from Koehler (1909) who reported this species (as Echinus affinis) among the material collected by Princesse Alice at several stations. This species was the fourth species of the genus Gracilechinus reported from the archipelago at one time. The presence in the Azores of G. acutus and G. elegans were dismissed as unconfirmed and erroneous respectively since the first was based on poorly preserved juveniles (see remarks under G. alexandri) and the other is likely to be based on misprint by Mortensen (1927a), reducing the presence of this genus in the Azores to just two species.
Notes
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Family
- Echinidae
- Genus
- Gracilechinus
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Order
- Camarodonta
- Phylum
- Echinodermata
- Scientific name authorship
- Mortensen
- Species
- affinis
- Taxon rank
- species
- Type status
- holotype
- Taxonomic concept label
- Gracilechinus affinis (Mortensen, 1903) sec. Madeira, Kroh, Cordeiro, De, Martins & Ávila, 2019
References
- Mortensen, T. (1903) Echinoidea (Part 1). In: The Danish Ingolf-Expedition 1895 - 1896. 4 (1). Bianco Luno, Copenhagen, 4 (1), pp. 1 - 198.
- Koehler, R. (1909) Echinodermes provenant des campagnes du yacht Princesse-Alice (Asteries, Ophiures, Echinides et Crinoides). Resultats des campagnes scientifiques accomplies sur son yacht par Albert Ier Prince Souverain de Monaco, 34, 1 - 317.
- Mortensen, T. (1927 a) Handbook of the echinoderms of the British Isles. Oxford University Press, viii + 471 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 6841
- Gage, J. D., Billett, D. S. M., Jensen, M. & Tyler, P. A. (1985) Echinoderms of the Rockall Trough and adjacent areas. 2. Echinoidea and Holothurioidea. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology, 48 (4), 173 - 214.
- Serafy, D. K. & Fell, F. J. (1985) Marine Flora and Fauna of the Northeastern United States. Echinodermata: Echinoidea. NOAA Technical Report NMFS, 33, 1 - 27.
- Mironov, A. N. (2014) Deep-sea fauna of European seas: An annotated species check-list of benthic invertebrates living deeper than 2000 m in the seas bordering Europe. Echinoidea. Invertebrate Zoology, 11 (1), 120 - 129. https: // doi. org / 10.15298 / invertzool. 11.1.12
- D ˆ derlein, L. (1906) Die Echinoiden der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition. In: Chun, C. (Ed.), Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer " Valdivia " 1898 - 1899. Vol. 5. Gustav Fischer, Jena, pp. 1 - 290. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 46999
- Koehler, R. (1921 a) Echinodermes (Asteries, Ophiures, Echinides et Crinoides) des dernieres campagnes de la Princesse-Alice et de l' Hirondelle II. Bulletin de l'Institut Oceanographique de Monaco, 396, 1 - 8.
- Young, C. M. & Tyler, P. A. (1993) Embryos of the deep-sea echinoid Echinus affinis require high pressure for development. Limnology and Oceanography, 38 (1), 178 - 181. https: // doi. org / 10.4319 / lo. 1993.38.1.0178