New floristic records from Central Europe 6 (reports 81-98)

: The presented sixth part of the series includes 18 new chorological records of vascular plants, five from Poland and thirteen from Slovakia. In Poland, the first spontaneous occurrence of Clinopodium nepeta subsp. nepeta outside cultivation is reported from Kraków. Also new localities of Euphorbia maculata , Panicum capillare , Plantago coronopus and Symphyotrichum ciliatum from southern Poland were found. In Slovakia, new records of alien Cardamine occulta , Lindernia dubia , Nigella damascena , Pistia stratiotes (with map of known records), Sagittaria latifolia , Senecio inaequidens , Silybum marianum and Vinca major were done as well as autochthonous Cotoneaster melanocarpus , Herniaria hirsuta , Verbascum speciosum and Xeranthemum annuum .

This is an ongoing report in the established series dealing with new chorological data on higher vascular plants in Central Europe (for details, see Thaiszia -J. Bot. 28 (1), pp. 79-80, 2018).
The nomenclature of taxa follows the Euro+Med PlantBase (Euro+Med 2006-) and/or Chromosome number survey of the ferns and flowering plants of Slovakia (Marhold et al. 2007), herbarium acronyms follow Thiers (2020+). Matej Dudáš (reports 81-82) SK 81. Sagittaria latifolia Willd.: the Východoslovenská nížina Lowland, river Trnávka between Trebišov and Hraň, scattered and on few places frequent in 9 km long part of the river, 100 m, from 48°36'34.77"N 21°44'5.08"E to 48°32'46.2"N 21°47'30.4"E, 7396c, 7496a+b+d, 26. 7. 2020, M. Dudáš, KO 35698-35699. North-american alien species known only from three localities in southern part of Slovakia (Nobis et al. 2019;Dudáš et al. 2019). First record of the garden escaping in the Východoslovenská nížina Lowland. It colonizes both banks of the Trnávka river from the town of Trebišov to Hraň village in 9 km long part of the river. It is frequent in few places and its invasive potential became dangerous. The southernmost plants were recorded over weir (east from Hraň) on downstream part of the Trnávka river before its flow into the Ondava river. The origin is perhaps located in the garden settlement in south-eastern part of Trebišov.

82.
Vinca major L.: the Strážovské vrchy Mts., Omastiná, northern part of the village, garden escapee, established in two separate neighbouring areas, very frequent along the road, 360 m, 48°46'45.1"N 18°23'25.9"E, 7276a, 7. 5. 2020, M. Dudáš, KO 35530, photodocumentation. Mediterranean species; in Slovakia it is known as a garden escapee from less than 4 locations (Medvecká et al. 2012). The first report on the garden escaping in Slovakia concernes the proximity of the town of Modra in the foothill of the Malé Karpaty Mts (Hajdúk 1975). In northern part of Omastiná village it was found in two separate areas. The first one is located on the regulated stream right embankment (monodominant area of ca 10 m 2 ) and the second one along the road over a ditch (left embankment) with the colonization of the nearest hornbeam forest on the area ca 12 m 2 .  48°25'55.6"N 18°28'22.9"E, 7576d, 2. 6. 2009, P. Eliáš jun., NI. The species is rare in this area. From the phytogeographical district of Pohronský Inovec, there are only two records of C. melanocarpus from the surroundings of Hronský Beňadik town [ (Baranec 1992 ut C. nigra (Ehr.) Fries] and one record from the surroundings of the Čaradice village (Benčať et al. 1982, p. 86), which is probably a mistake because the edge of the oak-beech forest is mentioned as a habitat. However, C. melanocarpus occupies rocky ridges, slopes and cliffs. From the top of the Veľký Inovec hill, a single individual of C. integerrimus is mentioned (Benčať et al. 1982, p. 85). We believe that this one is from the same C. melanocarpus plants as we found here, but the species was not correctly identified by Benčať et al. (l. c.) because it is a taxonomically complicated genus (Kšiňan et al. 2020).
A new locality of the rare annual species evaluated in the category "endangered" (Eliáš et al. 2015) and at the same time the verification of its occurrence in Bratislava, where the lastest data were pulished in 1998 (Valenta 1998 BRA in Eliáš jun. 2012). Herniaria hirsuta prefers disturbed habitats of anthropogenic origin -railway embankments, sidewalk edges, country roads, vineyards and fields on sandy and clay soils. The species occurs in Europe, West Asia and North and East Africa, in Slovakia only in the western part (Sutorý 1980;Eliáš jun. l. c.). No data of S. inaequidens have been known in the close surrounding of Nitra yet. Senecio inaequidens, an alien weed from South Africa, was introduced into Europe at the end of the 19 th century (Kaplan et al. 2018). In Slovakia, the species is distributed especially in W and SW part (Jehlík 1998;Feráková 2002). The number of sites seems to be gradually growing, with the species spreading mainly by the road transport (Kocián 2016). As it is evident from the published data of the adjacent countries, the species is spreading eastwards (Pliszko 2017;Haszonits & Schmidt 2018).
New locality of the relatively rare Verbascum species, it is evaluated in the category "near threated" (NT) in actual version of the Slovak Red List of ferns and flowering plants (Eliáš et al. 2015). The closest locality of the species is near the Dvory nad Žitavou railway station (Holub & Eliáš 1999), we believe V. speciosum most likely spread to this new locality from it. The origin of the species in Slovakia is not clear; Králik (2009) believes that it came to this region in the 16 th century as a medicinal plant in connection with the arrival of Croats to Central Europe due to the expansion of the Ottoman Empire.

88.
Lindernia dubia (L.) Pennel: the Lučenská kotlina Basin, Lučenec town, Water reservoir Ľadovo, exposed bottom in the north-western part of the reservoir, 193 m, 48°20'4.4"N 19°37'30.5"E, 7683d, 7. 8. 2019, R. Hrivnák, SAV. This alien species, native to North America, was found in the territory of Slovakia recently (Hrivnák et al. 2016) and it is known from 3 localities: near Trenč, Štiavnické Bane and Štúrovo (Schmotzer 2015;Kochjarová et al. 2015;Dítě & Dítě 2019). Similarly to the previous findings, the vegetation on the newly found locality near Lučenec town was classified into vegetation of exposed bottom of Isoëto-Nanojuncetea Br.  (Tóthová et al. 2007) with the occurrence in south-western Slovakia ) and strong concentration on the Čierna voda river near Kráľová pri Senci (Ružičková et al. 2020). Two newly presented localities were also found in the Podunajská rovina lowland, however, the distribution area of the species in Slovakia expanded more to east (Fig.  1). Alien macrophyte species was known only from three localities in southern part of Slovakia (Nobis et al. 2019;Dudáš et al. 2019). The species growth on the locality in Číž -spa covered ca 10 m 2 across the stream watercourse. The species occurrence is probably related to its planting in the closed small ponds hydrologically connected with the stream. Note of editor: casual garden escapee. According to Medvecká et al. (2012) it is considered a neophyte species in Slovakia. In the fields around Košice it has not been cultivated. Clinopodium nepeta subsp. nepeta, a perennial plant of Lamiaceae, is native to Southern and South-Central Europe, Transcaucasia, Lebanon-Syria and Iran. It was introduced to Western and North-Central Europe, North America and New Zealand (Plants of the Word online 2020). It occurs in Pinus-Quercus forests, phrygana, grasslands, dry meadows, cliffs, screes, dry river bed banks and ruderal habitats, in mountains and plains (Morales & Luque 1997;Alan & Ocak 2009). In Europe, naturalization of C. nepeta subsp. nepeta has been observed in Belgium (Randall 2017 and reference therein). It was also recorded as a casual alien in the Czech Republic (Pyšek et al. 2012). In Poland, as in other countries, it is an ornamental, medicinal and edible plant cultivated in gardens and flowerbeds, mostly in urban areas. This is the first spontaneous occurrence of C. nepeta subsp. nepeta outside cultivation in Poland. It was found about 40 m from the nearest place of its cultivation (flowerbed with other ornamentals). Currently, it should be classified as a casual alien plant in the Polish flora. It was identified based on morphological features provided by Bacchetta & Brullo (2005)  Panicum capillare, an annual species of Poaceae, is native to North America. It was introduced to South America, Europe, Asia, Africa and Australia (Clements et al. 2004;Randall 2017 and references therein). It occurs in disturbed and eroded soils of floodplains and beaches, loess prairies and burned Pinus banksiana Lambert forests. It also occurs in anthropogenic habitats such as cultivated fields, meadows, gardens, and waste areas, roadsides, clearings, ditches and abandoned fields (Clements et al. 2004 and references therein). In Europe, P. capillare is naturalized in many countries (e.g., Portugal, Spain, Croatia, Romania, Germany, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Lithuania and Belarus) (Randall 2017 and references therein). In Poland, it is usually treated as an ornamental plant cultivated in gardens (Mirek et al. 2002). However, Nobis & Nobis (2006) suggested that P. capillare is an established alien plant in south-eastern Poland. The status and distribution of P. capillare in Poland are neglected, considering the data provided by Tokarska- Guzik et al. (2012) and Zając & Zając (2019). This is the next record suggesting that P. capillare is an established alien plant in the Polish flora. The species was identified using morphological features provided by Clements et al. (2004) and Király & Alegro (2015).  242 m, 50°06.376'N 19°50.997'E, 3. 10. 2020, A. Pliszko & A. Górecki, KRA 0557624, 0557625, 0557626. Plantago coronopus, an annual, biennial or perennial species of Plantaginaceae, is native to Europe, Northern Africa, Western and Central Asia. It was introduced to North America, South America, South Africa, and Australia (CABI 2020). It is a halophyte occurring mostly along coastal areas. In Poland, it is a native species, critically endangered and strictly protected by law (Sotek 2014;Rozporządzenie… 2014). Its native geographical range in Poland is restricted to a small area along the Baltic coast, in the north-western part of the country (Sotek 2014;Zając & Zając 2019). However, it was introduced to other regions in north-western and southwestern Poland where it is found in anthropogenic habitats (Sadowska & Żółkoś 2011;Zając & Zając 2019), especially on roadside verges of highways which are regularly treated with salt during winters (Nowak & Nowak 2018). This is the first record of P. coronopus in Lesser Poland Province. Further spread of the species along highways in Poland is expected. The species was identified following Rutkowski (2004). Symphyotrichum ciliatum, an annual species of Asteraceae, is native to North America and Eurasia (Brouillet et al. 2006). It occurs on moist, brackish soils, in prairies, steppes and salt marshes. It is also found in anthropogenic habitats such as irrigation channels, winter-salted highways, railroads and waste grounds (Brouillet et al. 2006;Sârbu & Smarandache 2015). It was introduced to Western and Central Europe (i.e., Belgium, Slovakia, Poland, Moldova and Romania) (Randall 2017 and references therein). Its invasive status has been confirmed in Romania (Sârbu & Smarandache 2015). In Poland, S. ciliatum is treated as an established alien (kenophyte) and a potentially invasive species (Tokarska- Guzik et al. 2012). It is rarely distributed in south-eastern part of the country (Zając & Zając 2019). It is usually found in ruderal habitats such as roadside verges, railway areas, construction sites, quarries, and wastelands (Bróż & Podgórska 2005;Szymański 2010;Stadnicka-Futoma & Oklejewicz 2013;Nobis & Pliszko 2016). It has been presented in Kraków since the 1980s (Guzik 2003). The new records suggest that S. ciliatum is locally invasive in wet ruderal habitats in Kraków and Brzegi. Identity of S. ciliatum was confirmed using morphological features provided by Bróż & Podgórska (2005) and Brouillet (2006).

Plantago coronopus
Note of editor: In Slovakia, it was first reported from Košice (eastern Slovakia) by Mikoláš (1988) under name Brachyactis ciliata (Ledeb.) Ledeb. and in the present, it spreads inconspicuously and slowly along roads within the town (Dudáš et al. 2020).