SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF COVID-19 MORTALITY IN DIABETIC PATIENTS AND THYROID DISEASE PATIENTS

Introduction: A pneumonia outbreak of unknown etiology occurred in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The cases were associated with a local seafood market selling live animals, suggesting that the pathogens were transmitted from animals to humans, which soon escalated to human-to-human transmission. This pathogen was identified and named as 2019 novel coronavirus (2019- nCoV) severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causing diseases named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The clinical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 are very similar to that of SARS, and infected patients may develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and, in the unlikely event, admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) and subsequent mortality. These severe cases are often associated with comorbidities, especially diabetes and others like thyroid disorders.

Aim of the Study: To undertake a systematic review to understand the mortality rate in diabetic and thyroid disease patients suffering from COVID-19 and the possible implication.

Methodology: The systematic review is a comprehensive research of PUBMED from the November 2019 till May 2021. All hospital and community settings were included in study

Conclusion: COVID-19 in patients with already present underlying diseases can have an increased mortality rate if remained unchecked. Various comorbidities increasing the risk of severe illness of COVID-19 are diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, asthma, thyroid disorder. Diabetes mellitus, in association with poor glycemic control, obesity, and complications of diabetes, including renal, cardiac, and peripheral vascular diseases, can be additive risk factors and can be a call for specific attention. Thyroid disorder itself is not associated with increased mortality among COVID-19 patients, but suppression of the immune system may pose a risk.