New species of Pauropodidae (Myriapoda: Pauropoda) from Nanjing, China

Six new species in the family Pauropodidae are described from China: Allopauropus disphaeroides sp. n., A. crassescens sp. n., A. apicalis sp. n., A. nanjingensis sp. n., Pauropus dorsappendix sp. n., and Stylopauropus zijinensis sp. n.


Introduction
The pauropods of China are poorly studied; among the five species and two indetermined species reported by Zhang and Chen (1988)

Diagnosis
The new species may be close to Allopauropus koreanus Scheller, 1979 from North Korea. There are similarities especially in the structure of the pygidium, but the two species can be distinguished by the following characters: the shape of st (subcylindrical and glabrous in A. disphaeroides; a little clavate, curved inwards, converging, striate, with short pubescence in A. koreanus); the glabrous bands on the tergal side of the anal plate (two straight,  Zhang and Chen (1988); ($) localities reported in this paper. submedian, diagonal ones in A. disphaeroides; one short, straight, median one and two curved, sublateral ones, all longitudinally, in A. koreanus); the shape of the appendages of the anal plate (subspherical, with long pubescence in A. disphaeroides; fusiform with sparse, short, oblique pubescence in A. koreanus). Moreover, the antennal setae p and p9 and the proximal seta on the tarsi of the last pair of legs are proportionately longer in A. koreanus than in A. disphaeroides.

Etymology
From the Greek di5 two and sphaera 5 ball (referring to the appendages of the anal plate).
Anal plate: subsquare, posterolateral corners rounded, posteromedian margin almost straight but with small V-shaped median indentation; three times longer than wide; posterolateral lobes with short-stalked subspherical appendages with proportionately long, thin, erect, pubescence. Posterolateral corners of plate with oblique glabrous bands on tergal side dividing plate into three parts: median part cordiform, with dense pubescence; anterolateral parts right-angled triangles with sparser long pubescence. Pubescence on sternal side similar to that on tergal side.

Diagnosis
Allopauropus crassescens may be closely related to A. lituiger (Remy, 1957) from Australia and A. bispinosus (Scheller, 1995) from northwestern Thailand. They have distinct similarities in the shape and chaetotaxy of the pygidium. They can be distinguished by: (1) the shape of the tergal antennal branch (3.9 times as long as greatest diameter in A. crassescens; about twice longer than that distance in A. lituiger and 3.1 times as long in A. bispinosus); (2) the shape of the antennal globulus g (short-stalked in A. crassescens and A. bispinosus; proportionally long-stalked in A. lituiger); (3) the shape of the genital papillae in males (distinctly tapering in A. crassescens and A. bispinosus; roundedly conical in A. lituiger); the shape of the anal plate (trapeziform and with short posteromedian appendage in A. crassescens; subcordiform with short posteromedian appendage in A. bispinosus; roundedly hexagonal with evenly rounded posterior margin in A. lituiger).

Etymology
From the Latin crassescere 5 become swollen (referring to the submedian appendages of the anal plate).
Anal plate: trapezoid, with short pubescence, lateral corners rounded; posterior margin with median triangular process 0.2 length of plate. A paired bladder-shaped, pubescent appendage protruding from posterior margin of plate; appendage 0.6 length of plate.

Diagnosis
Allopauropus apicalis can be easily distinguished from all other members of the subgenus Decapauropus by the shape of the anal plate: semicircular with a small triangular bulge, glabrous.

Etymology
From the Latin apex 5 point (referring to the shape of the posterior part of the anal plate).
Legs. Coxa and trochanter of leg 9 with furcate setae; branches thick, with short pubescence; branches subequal in length on coxa, secondary branch shorter than primary one on trochanter. Secondary branch rudimentary in anterior legs. Tarsus of leg 9 slender, 4.4(-4.5) times as long as greatest diameter. Setae pointed, proximal one 0.5 length of tarsus and (3.0-)4.2 times as long as distal seta.
Anal plate: semicircular, 1.5 times as wide as long, posterior margin with short median triangular process, length almost 0.5 length of plate.

Diagnosis
Allopauropus nanjingensis is well-defined in having proportionately long-stalk antennal globulus, an unusual differentiation of the pygidial setae, and in having an unusually large distance between the b 3 and two types of pubescence on the anal plate. Its relationships are impossible to trace at present.

Etymology
A latinization of the name Nanjing, China.
Anal plate: broadest anteriorly, subtriangular, posteriorly rounded, directed backwards-downwards; as long as broad, with short pubescence, and on tergal side also some long hairs arranged irregularly. Two long cylindrical appendages protruding backwards from sternal side, which is curved inwards, cylindrical, pubescent, 0.7 length of plate.

Diagnosis
The peculiar shape of the anal plate, with four short tergal appendages and two long ones protruding from distal part of sternal side, is difficult to connect with other species in the genus. The relationships cannot be traced at present.

Etymology
The species is named from the type locality, Zijin Mountain.
Tarsus of leg 9 slender, four times longer than greatest diameter. Setae thin, pointed, with short pubescence; proximal seta twice longer than distal seta.