Enlinia Aldrich, 1933 of Mitaraka, French Guiana (Diptera: Dolichopodidae)

ABSTRACT The genus Enlinia Aldrich, 1933 is recorded from French Guiana for the first time and six new species are described: E. loboptera n. sp., E. bova n. sp., E. colossicornis n. sp., E. mitarakensis n. sp., E. touroulti n. sp., and E. dalensi n. sp. A seventh unnamed species belonging to the E. armata Robinson, 1969 species group, and represented by a single female specimen, is also reported. These species were collected as part of the 2015 “Our Planet Revisited” survey in the Mitaraka Mountain area in far southwestern French Guiana. A key to the seven species known from French Guiana is provided.


INTRODUCTION
Enlinia Aldrich, 1933 is a diverse genus of tiny dolichopodid flies with body size of around 1 mm in length (a member of the so-called micro-Dolichopodidae). Species of Enlinia can be recognized by the combination of small body size, wing veins that are nearly straight and evenly diverging from wing base (venation modified in some males), the presence of acrostichal setae, and face without setae. The genus is restricted to the New World and presently contains about 80 species (Yang et al. 2006), with many species awaiting description and discovery. Most representatives have been described from Mexico (Robinson 1969), but species have been recorded from the United States (seven species) and Canada (two species) in the north, to Chile in the south (one species) (Van Duzee 1930). The genus is also widely distributed in the Caribbean (Cuba, Dominica, Grenada, Jamaica, Saint Vincent) ( Robinson 1975). Males of Enlinia are often highly ornate with most body parts subject to modification including commonly the wings, legs, and abdominal sternites (Robinson 1969). The relationship of Enlinia with other micro-dolichopodid genera is discussed in Robinson (1969), Runyon & Robinson (2010), and Runyon (2015).
In 2015 the "Our Planet Reviewed" or "La Planète revisitée" Guyane 2014-2015 expedition, also known as the "Mitaraka 2015 survey", was conducted in French Guiana (Pollet et al. 2014;Pascal et al. 2015;Touroult et al. 2018). This was the 5 th edition of a large scale biodiversity survey undertaken jointly by the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, in Paris and the NGO Pro-Natura international (both in France). The "Our Planet Reviewed" program aims to rehabilitate taxonomic work that focuses on largely neglected components of global biodiversity, i.e., invertebrates (both marine and terrestrial). Basic arthropod taxonomy and species discovery were at the heart of the survey, although forest ecology and biodiversity distribution modelling, were also part of the project. The expedition was conducted in the Mitaraka Mountains, a largely unknown and uninhabited area in the southwestern corner of French Guiana, directly bordering Surinam and Brazil. It is part of the Tumuc Humac mountain chain, extending east in the Amapá region of Brazil and west in southern Surinam. The area consists primarily of tropical lowland rain forest with scattered inselbergs, isolated hills that stand above the forest plains. MP participated in this survey as Diptera coordinator, while focusing his own collecting efforts and methods on Dolichopodidae.
The purpose of this paper is to describe six new species of Enlinia collected during the abovementioned survey. This represents just the second record of Enlinia occurring in South America with E. atrata (Van Duzee, 1930) from Chile being the only previous one. No doubt many species of South American Enlinia await discovery, as illustrated by the occurrence of seven species within the 1 km 2 area sampled at Mitaraka, four of which are represented by a single specimen.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
From 22 February till 11 March 2015, a first team of 32 researchers explored the area, including 12 invertebrate experts. During a second period (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27), a second equal-sized team took over and a third smaller team returned to the site from 12 to 20 August 2015. Invertebrate sampling was carried out near the base camp, on the drop zone (an area near the base camp that had been clear-cut entirely to allow helicopters to land) and, in particular, along four trails of about 3.5 km that started from the base camp in four different directions (see Krolow et al. 2017). Details of the collecting methods and sample codes used on labels are described by Pollet et al. (in press). Dipteran subsamples (mostly per family) were subsequently disseminated among experts worldwide, in the case of Enlinia spp. to JR. The identification of the species was conducted using taxonomic reviews and identification keys, original descriptions, and direct comparison to reliably identified species from the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution (Washington, D.C.) and the Montana Entomology Collection, Montana State University (Bozeman, Montana). All collected material was stored in 70% alcohol during the expedition, with representatives being dry mounted on pins using hexamethyldisilixane (HMDS) or permanently slide mounted about two years later in the laboratory. This paper generally follows the format used in Robinson (1969) which will assist in comparisons and identifications across species in this large genus since Harold Robinson (USNM) has described nearly all species of Enlinia to date. However, we follow Cumming & Wood (2009) for termino logy of nongenitalic structures including antennal segments and wing veins. Measurements of body and wing lengths were carried out on at least 10 specimens, if available. Eye height is defined as the vertical diameter (from upper to lower eye margin). In descriptions, the position of features on elongate structures, such as leg segments, is given as fractions of the total length, starting from the base. Permount (Fisher Scientific, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) mounting medium was used to create permanent slides. Holotypes are deposited in the MNHN. A label citing the Access and Benefit Sharing agreement number for the expedition, APA 973-1, is included with all specimens. productive, with only one specimen in white pan traps, and 11 in blue ones. The latter specimens, however, were collected in a site where only blue pan traps were in operation. Enlinia loboptera n. sp. was by far the most abundant (553 specimens, 86.9% of all specimens) and widespread species, and large populations were discovered both along the Alama river, on one of the rocky outcrops ('savane roche 2') and even on one of the inselbergs (Borne 1). Enlinia colossicornis n. sp. was encountered in the same habitats, though, in lower numbers (62 specimens, 9.7%). All remaining species of Enlinia were collected in low numbers (1-2 specimens each). The rocky outcrop 'savane roche 2' housed the richest Enlinia fauna, with five species, whereas three species were collected along the Alama river. These were also the only sites where the 6 m Malaise trap had been set up (along the Alama river in March 2015, on 'savane roche 2' in August 2015). etyMology. -This species is named for the distinctly lobed posterior margin of the wing in males (Fig. 3).

SYSTEMATICS
DiAgnosis. -The shape of the male wing ( Fig. 3) and the row of large, modified setae on the hind tibia ( Fig. 2) distinguish E. loboptera n. sp. from all other known Enlinia species, except E. bova n. sp. Males of these two species share many unique characteristics (e.g. wing shape and distinct chaetotaxy of fore, mid and hind legs) and form a group that stands apart from other known Enlinia species.
Enlinia loboptera n. sp. is distinguished from the latter species by the short cerci with relatively short setae that extend anteriorly only to sternite 4 ( Fig. 1E) whereas the cerci of E. bova n. sp. possess very long setae that reach the base of the abdomen (Fig. 4E). Females are recognized by the form of the hind basitarsus, the distinct apical ventral seta on fore and mid tibia, and body size less than 1.3 mm. Thorax. Scutum rather arched, dark brown to black with very sparse brown pollen and weak violet to dark green reflections; pleura dark brown to black, slightly lighter brown posteriorly. Setae on dorsum short, brown with pale reflections; 7-9 pairs of small acrostichal setae; 8-10 pairs of dorsocentral setae; scutellum with one pair of widely separated median setae and one pair of very small lateral hairs.
Legs. Brown with mostly dark setae but most setae with very strong pale reflections and appearing yellow in certain views and lights (as in Fig. 2). Fore coxa mostly bare except for a large, black seta on outer anterior surface at apex, most specimens also with a pair of setae on inner anterior surface near 1/2. Hind trochanter (as in E. bova n. sp., Fig. 4B) with a stout black ventrally-directed spine near 1/2 on anterior surface (length subequal to length of trochanter). Fore femur slightly swollen, with long, slender setae on ventral and anterior surface, those on anterior surface longest and slightly curved apically, with row of about 4 long, slender setae along posteroventral edge (as in E. bova n. sp. Fig. 4C). Mid femur with stout ventral seta arising near base, held close to ventral surface of femur and curved apically; with row of three slightly broadened anteroventral setae at apex decreasing in length apically (Fig. 1D). Hind femur with longer anteroventral setae on apical half (longest setae subequal to width of femur). Fore tibia (Fig. 1A) gradually widened toward apex and slightly dorsoventrally flattened, with large ventral setae on apical half (Fig. 1B). Mid tibia (Fig. 1C, D) slightly widened and flattened dorsoventrally, bare dorsally; with one anteroventral row of 10-12 large setae along full-length of tibia; with about 3-4 long, slender posteroventral setae on basal half; with a few long, slender ventral setae near apex. Hind tibia (Fig. 2) somewhat flattened on basal 2/3 and slightly curved with a row of distinct anterior setae that are abruptly narrowed and strongly elbowed near apical 2/3, these setae becoming smaller toward apex of tibia with apical-most seta slightly thickened and hook-like. Fore tarsus (Fig. 1A, B) extremely modified; tarsomere 1 about as wide as long with 3 large, modified setae on flattened ventral surface; tarsomere 2 smaller than tarsomere 1 with short, finger-like posterior lobe bearing a rounded seta, with long dorsal seta, and with small leaf-like, lanceolate posteroventral seta near base; tarsomere 3 somewhat U-shaped with flattened, tongue-shaped, black apical process, with stout, hooked dorsal seta and 3 short, stout setae on anterodorsal edge; tarsomere 4 unmodified with a couple of larger dorsal setae. Mid tarsus with tarsomere 1 bearing short ventral setae that are hooked at apex (Fig. 1D); tarsomeres 2 and 3 with a slightly larger dorsal seta at apex. Hind tarsus with tarsomere 1 short, slightly longer than wide and slightly flattened. Ratios of tibia:tarsomeres for fore leg (for highly modified tarsomeres, width given in parentheses): 12-4-3-5(8)-4-6; for mid leg: 15-6-2-3-3-3; for hind leg: 22-5-8-5-3-3. Wing. (Fig. 3). Approximately oval with cuneate base and with sinuous hind margin and broad, projecting lobe near apex of vein CuA 1 ; hind margin with slightly longer, straight hairs that become very short and dense on lobe; wing clear; vein R 2+3 slightly sinuous and close to costa, curved slightly forward at apex; vein R 4+5 nearly straight, ending before wing tip; vein M 1 nearly straight and evenly diverging from vein R 4+5 , very slightly arched backwards beyond crossvein; vein CuA 1 arching backwards beyond crossvein dm-cu, reaching wing margin and ending near apex of lobe, last part of vein CuA 1 nearly 3 times as long as crossvein dm-cu; vein A 1 short and represented by a streak of pigment along and close to anal margin, becoming a brown streak apically, wing otherwise hyaline. Halter brown.
Abdomen. (Fig. 1E). Dark brown, usually slightly lighter in color than thorax; setae short and brown with pale reflections. Sternite 4 with short median armature at hind margin. Hypopygium brown; cerci pale brown and becoming darker apically, small, longer than wide, spatulate on apical half with comb of black setae on outer margin.

Female
Body size. Length 1.1-1.3 mm, wing length 0.9-1.0 mm by 0.4-0.5 mm (width). As in male except lacking modified wing, legs, and abdominal sternites. Face wider and distinct to mouth (width of face subequal to width of first flagellomere). Antenna with first flagellomere slightly less pointed apically. General form of basitarsus present in females (as in E. bova n. sp., Fig. 4B) and also one large ventral seta at apex of fore and mid tibiae. Wing margin evenly rounded.
reMArks Enlinia loboptera n. sp. was by far the most abundant species taken at Mitaraka, and the sex ratio was distinctly female-biased (154 males: 396 females). To separate females of E. loboptera n. sp. from those of the related species, E. bova n. sp., we primarily used body size since females of E. bova n. sp. should be noticeably larger since the male is larger. etyMology. -The specific epithet is from the Latin bova = "swelling of the legs" in reference to the swollen front legs of the male (Fig. 4C).

Enlinia bova
DiAgnosis. -The shape of the male wing (as in Fig. 3) and the row of large, modified setae on the hind tibia ( Fig. 4B) distinguish E. bova n. sp. from other known Enlinia species, except E. loboptera n. sp. These two species are closely related and males share many unique characteristics most notably the shape of the wing and the anterior row of distinct setae on hind tibia, but their differences are also marked. The large cerci bearing long apical setae that reach the base of the abdomen (Fig. 4E) and the very swollen front legs (Fig. 4C) easily distinguish E. bova n. sp.  dark brown to black, slightly lighter than scutum. Setae on dorsum short, brown with strong pale reflections; 9-10 pairs of small acrostichal setae; 10-11 pairs of dorsocentral setae, the posterior-most distinctly larger; one pair of widely separated scutellar setae and one pair of very small lateral hairs.
Legs. Brown with dark setae. Fore leg (Fig. 4C) enlarged and somewhat raptorial. Fore coxa enlarged, mostly bare except for a large, black seta on outer anterior surface at apex and a very small lateral hair just basal to large seta. Hind trochanter ( Fig. 4B) with stout black ventrally-directed spine near 1/2 on anterior surface (length subequal to length of trochanter). Fore femur (Fig. 4C) greatly swollen, excavated anteroventrally at apex, with an erect ventral seta near base, one row of about 4-5 long, slender anterodorsal setae and a similar row of about 5 long, slender setae along posteroventral edge. Mid femur with stout ventral seta arising near base that is held close to ventral surface of femur and curved apically. Hind femur ( Fig. 4B) with two rows of anteroventral setae on apical 2/3 (longest setae subequal to width of femur). Fore tibia (Fig. 4C) slightly thickened and distinctly shorter than fore femur, gradually widened toward apex and slightly dorsoventrally flattened, with one row of ventral setae nearly full-length, and a large apical seta at posteroventral corner. Mid tibia flattened dorsoventrally, bare dorsally; with ventral row of 10-12 stout setae along fulllength of tibia (as in E. loboptera n. sp. Fig. 1D); fringed with long posteroventral setae along most of its length and a few long anteroventral setae on basal half and apical 2/3. Hind tibia ( Fig. 4B) with anterior surface somewhat flattened on basal half, with a row of distinct anteroventral setae that are abruptly narrowed and slightly elbowed near or just beyond 1/2, these setae becoming smaller toward apex of tibia with apical-most seta slightly thickened and hook-like, with stout anteroventral seta at apex of tibia. Fore tarsus (Fig. 4C) extremely modified; tarsomere 1 ( Fig. 4D) subquadrate, with 3 very large ventral setae one of which is hooked; tarsomere 2 slightly smaller than tarsomere 1 with finger-like posterior lobe near base and with dorsal setae near apex; tarsomere 3 expanded and rather thin, with large, darkened posterior lobe and with stout black dorsal seta and a "V"-shaped brown ventral seta near apex; tarsomere 4 nearly normal in shape, with large anterodorsal seta near apex. Mid tarsus with tarsomere 1 bearing short ventral setae that are hooked at apex; tarsomeres 2-4 with a slightly larger dorsal seta at apex. Hind tarsus (Fig. 4B) with tarsomere 1 short, slightly longer than wide and slightly flattened, with 3-4 setae along ventral edge and a couple setae dorsally at apex. Ratios of tibia:tarsomeres for fore leg (for highly modified tarsomeres, width given in parentheses): 12-4-4-6(8)-4-6; for mid leg: 15-6-2-3-3-3; for hind leg: 25-4-9-6-4-3.
Abdomen (Fig. 4E). Dark brown, slightly lighter in color than thorax; setae short and black. Sternite 4 with short median armature at hind margin that is rounded apically; tergite 6 about half width of sternite 5, and hidden beneath latter; sternite 6 wishbone-shaped. Hypopygium brown, relatively large; cerci brown, elongate and slender, ending in an oval disk with marginal setae along ventral edge and very long, stout black apical setae.

Female
Unknown, but likely similar to females of E. loboptera n. sp. and probably larger.
reMArks Enlinia bova n. sp. is one of the more ornate species of Enlinia and males have most body parts modified, sometimes exceptionally so (i.e., front legs and genitalia). This species is also perhaps the largest known in the genus thus far surpassing E. maxima which has a body size of 1.4 mm (Robinson 1975  Head. Face and frons dark brown to black. Face narrowed below but distinct to mouth; anterior eye facets only slightly enlarged. Palpus brown; proboscis yellow-brown. Antenna (Figs 5, 6A) dark brown; first flagellomere longer than scape and pedicel combined, narrowed to narrowly rounded point apically, nearly straight along ventral edge and slightly concave dorsally, with relatively long pale pubescence; arista-like stylus apical, about twice as long as first flagellomere, with basal article very short and about 1/10 length of apical article. Thorax. Scutum dark brown with very sparse gray pollen; pleura lighter brown than scutum. Setae brown with pale reflections; 6-8 pairs of small acrostichal setae; 6-8 pairs of dorsocentral setae; one pair of relatively closely spaced scutellar setae (insertion closer to middle than sides) and one pair of very small lateral hairs.
Wing (Fig. 7). Hyaline but with slight brown tinge, narrowly elliptical with short-fringed hind margin; vein R 2+3 slightly arching and slightly curved forward at tip; veins R 4+5 , M 1 , and CuA 1 nearly straight and evenly diverging from wing base; vein R 4+5 ending at or just before wing apex; last part of vein CuA 1 about 2 times as long as crossvein dm-cu; vein A 1 present as a streak of brown pigment. Halter brown.

Female
Body length. 0.9-1.1 mm, wing length 1.0-1.1 mm by 0.4-0.5 mm (width). Similar to male, but face wider (about as wide as width of first flagellomere) and narrowest at mouth; antenna ( Fig. 6B) smaller, but still somewhat enlarged, globular and reflecting the same general shape as in male; legs without outstanding setae or hairs. Wing essentially as in the male (Fig. 7). DiAgnosis. -The form of the male wing ( Fig. 9) with a brown spot or streak midway between veins R 4+5 and M 1 will distinguish this species from all other known Enlinia. This is also the only known species in the genus with males having an armature on abdominal sternite 2 (Fig. 8D); males of other known species often have sternites 3 and/or 4 modified, but not sternite 2.
Head. Face and frons dark brown to black. Eyes essentially contiguous below antennae; anterior eye facets distinctly enlarged. Palpus dark brown; proboscis yellow-brown. Antenna (Fig. 8A) brown; first flagellomere short, blunt, wider than long; arista-like stylus apical, about as long as height of eye.
Thorax. Scutum dark brown with very sparse gray pollen; pleura dark brown. Setae brown with pale reflections; 6-7 pairs of small acrostichal setae; 9-10 pairs of dorsocentral setae, posterior-most distinctly larger; one pair of widely separated scutellar setae and one pair of minute small lateral hairs.
Wing. (Fig. 9). Elliptical with cuneate base and slightly sinuous, long-fringed hind margin; with a small elongate brown spot near apical 2/3 midway between veins R 4+5 and M 1 and a second small brown area along hind margin just basal to apex of vein CuA 1 ; vein R 2+3 close to and parallel with costa basally and only slightly curved on apical half; vein R 4+5 nearly straight, ending near or just before wing apex; vein M 1 curving toward vein R 4+5 and then backwards beyond crossvein dm-cu; last part of vein CuA 1 not reaching wing margin, about 1.5 times as long as crossvein dm-cu; vein A 1 present as a short streak of brown pigment near wing base and along anal margin which is narrowly brown. Halter brown. Abdomen. (Fig. 8D). Brown with scattered short, stiff, brown setae; sternite 2 with linear, rod-like brown median armature projecting from hind margin. Hypopygium small, brown; cerci brown, small, about twice as long as wide, with approximately dorsal half covered in minute, stiff setae; epandrium with finger-like apical lobe bearing seta near apex.

Female
Unknown.
reMArks This species belongs to the E. magistri (Aldrich, 1932) species group established by Robinson (1975) for species with males featuring a sinuous, long-fringed hind wing margin and specialized setae or hairs on the fore coxa.
Enlinia touroulti n. sp. DiAgnosis. -This species belongs to the E. simplex species group (Robinson 1975) that presently contains 11 relatively inornate species with unarmed abdominal sternites, relatively simple hypopygial appendages, and wing vein R 2+3 bulging slightly inward from costa on apical half. Species in this group are also relatively small in comparison to other Enlinia species (1 mm or less) and have characteristically modified fore tarsi with compressed and broadened tarsomeres 1-2 and tarsomere 3 bearing a small but often stouter seta (as in Fig. 10B). The shape of the subquadrate cerci and hypopygial appendages in E. touroulti n. sp. are distinctive. Details in the form of the male foretarsus, the arrangement of slender ventral setae on femora, and the form of the middle tibia also differ from the other known species in the E. simplex group.
Head. Face and frons dark metallic green. Face narrowed below, eyes essentially contiguous on lower half; anterior eye facets distinctly enlarged. Palpus brown; proboscis brown. Antenna (Fig. 10A) dark brown; first flagellomere short and blunt, about twice as wide as long, nearly square in lateral view and round in anterior view; arista-like stylus apical, about as long as height of eye.
Thorax. Scutum dark brown with slight metallic green reflections and very sparse pollen; setae brown with weak pale reflections; 6 pairs of small acrostichal setae; 6-7 pairs of dorsocentral setae; one pair of relatively widely spaced scutellar setae and one pair of very small lateral hairs.
Wing. (Fig. 10E). Hyaline, elongate-oval, hind margin evenly rounded and short-fringed; vein R 2+3 slightly and evenly arched and curving slightly but distinctly forward at apex; vein R 4+5 and M 1 nearly straight, diverging from near base, with M 1 very slightly arching backwards beyond crossvein dm-cu; crossvein dm-cu perpendicular to vein M 1 , less than half the length of apical part of vein CuA 1 ; vein A 1 represented as a short brown streak close to anal margin. Halter brown.
Abdomen. (Fig. 10D). dark brown with sparse, very short, stiff, black setae. Sternites plain, without armatures; sternite 5 with 2 distinct setae near apex. Hypopygium capping tip of preabdomen, brown; cerci subquadrate, light brown with margin thinly darkened, with a few slender pale hairs; inner appendages larger than cerci, somewhat triangular, thin and translucent with a minute dorsal hair just beyond 1/2. etyMology. -This species is named in honor of, and out of respect to, Pierre-Henri Dalens, président de la Société entomologique Antilles-Guyane (SEAG), who led the Mitaraka entomological team during periods 2 and 3 of the expedition. Thanks to him, the 6 m Malaise trap was installed on 'savane roche 2' which led to the discovery of an unprecedented rich Enlinia fauna on this rocky outcrop.
DiAgnosis. -Enlinia dalensi n. sp. can be recognized by the form of the modified fore tarsus (Fig. 11A), the ventral setae on middle femur (Fig. 11C), the shape of the wing and wing veins (Fig. 12), and modifications of abdominal sternites (Fig. 11D, E). This species is closely related and quite similar to E. bredini Robinson, 1975from Dominica, to which it keys in Robinson (1975. Both species have similarly modified fore tarsi (Fig. 11A), similar modifications in shape and armature on abdominal sternites 3 and 4 (Fig. 11D, E), and similar blunt setae on middle femur (Fig. 11C), among other characteristics. Enlinia dalensi is most readily distinguished by a distinctly sinuous wing vein R 4+5 that is bent backwards at apex (straight in E. bredini), a wing with a less sinuous posterior margin, and larger anal area, and epandrial lobes that lack plumose hairs and feature large prong or hook on inner surface near base.
Head. Face very narrow on ventral half but still distinct to mouth; anterior facets distinctly enlarged. Upper face and frons dark brown. Palpus small, yellow, nearly round with anterior surface truncate and fringed with minute black hairs; proboscis brown. Antenna brown; first flagellomere very short and blunt, about twice as wide as long; arista-like stylus apical, about 1.5 times as long as face.
Legs. Yellow with coxae brownish, with dark setae. Fore coxa with a large seta on inner anterior surface near apex. Mid trochanter (Fig. 11C) with long black ventral seta (in line with row of ventral setae on mid femur). Fore femur (Fig. 11B) with a slender erect ventral seta at base (length subequal to width of femur) and anteroventral row of about 10 minute peg-like setae on apical half; mid femur ( Fig. 11C) with ventral row of 4 large setae on basal half which become larger towards base of femur, these setae blunt apically except basal-most seta which is normal (sharply pointed); femur thickest at insertion of basal-most setae. Fore tibia with ventral surface slightly flattened; mid tibia with a brush of very short, erect ventral setae on apical 1/3; hind tibia gradually and slightly widened toward apex, with a dorsal seta near base, a smaller dorsal seta near 1/3, and a larger dorsal seta near apex. Fore tarsus (Fig. 11A) highly modified, tarsomere 1 broad with 2 dorsal setae near apex; tarsomere 2 apically projecting alongside and partly overlapping tarsomere 3 with two lobes near apex and ventrally with a small darker, more sclerotized area that includes a minute spicule; tarsomere 3 long and slender, slightly bent just before middle, with large arched dorsal seta near middle; tarsomere 4 short, rounded to heart-shaped, arising from near middle of tarsomere 3; tarsomere 5 expanding from a very narrow base. Ratios of tibia:tarsomeres for fore leg: 10-4-4-4-2-4; for mid leg: 12-6-3-2-2-3; for hind leg: 16-6-4-3-2-3.
Wing. (Fig. 12). Elliptical with hind margin slightly sinuous and nearly straight basad to apex of CuA 1 , long-fringed with hairs; hyaline. Vein R 2+3 close to and parallel with costa on about basal half, curving slightly towards vein R 4+5 in distal half before curving slightly forward to costa; vein R 4+5 mostly straight but distinctly curving backwards at apex; vein M 1 slightly sinuous beyond crossvein, curving slightly forward at apex; crossvein dm-cu about half as long as apical part of vein CuA 1 ; vein CuA 1 not reaching wing margin, slightly bowed beyond crossvein; vein A 1 represented by indistinct thickening along anal margin. Halter brown.
Abdomen. (Fig. 11D, E). Brown, with very sparse, short brown setae. Sternite 3 more strongly sclerotized laterally and less so medially and apically, with minute median armature at hind margin; sternite 4 highly modified, medially divided into pair of C-shaped lobes with a brown setiferous papilla at each hind corner that is projecting posteroventrally. Hypopygium small, brown, capping tip of preabdomen; cerci very small, slightly longer than wide with small marginal hairs; epandrium with thin, nearly transparent, tapering lobes that project forward beneath abdomen and between papillae of sternite 4.

Female
Unknown. reMArks The setiferous papillae on abdominal sternite 4 in males of E. dalensi n. sp. (Fig. 11D, E) appear homologous to the "brown projection composed of a loop of twisted, finely striate chitin" of E. bredini (Robinson 1975: 47).
We have seen an undescribed species from Dominica that belongs to the species group containing E. bredini and E. dalensi n. sp. and possesses a similarly modified fore tarsus, ventral setae on middle femur, and shape of the wing and modifications on abdominal sternites. Enlinia anomalipennis Robinson, 1969 from Mexico, also appears to belong to this group based on the similarly modified fore tarsus, ventral setae on middle femur, and shape of the wing and hypopygium.
other speciMens A female specimen representing a seventh Enlinia species occurring at Mitaraka was taken during the expedition ('sp. GF-007'). This specimen belongs to the distinct E. armata group whose members possess a row of very short ventral setae on the fore femur and strong dorsal setae on the hind tibia in both sexes (Robinson 1969) but cannot be confidently assigned to any of the described species. Although this species is likely new, males will need to be collected before it can be formally described. This specimen is briefly characterized below.

DISCUSSION
Five of the seven species of Enlinia found at Mitaraka were collected on an isolated, rocky outcrop with seeps ('savane roche 2', similar to Fig. 13), and three along the river Alama, at both sites with a single 6 m Malaise trap. Adults of most species of Enlinia occur on rock, and almost always near rivers, streams or seeps (Robinson 1969), thus these habitats are ideal for Enlinia. Although multiple species of Enlinia are documented to co-occur at a single locality (Robinson 1969(Robinson , 1975, the collection of five species on such a remote rocky habitat well away from streams, and in such a short time period (8 days, 13-20.VIII.2015) is surprising. Microhabitat and substrate specialization might in part explain this sympatric diversity -species of Enlinia are known to prefer sun versus shade and different species can even be found on the wet versus dry surfaces of the same rock (Robinson 1969). There can even be an ecological progression among those species that prefer wet rock surfaces, in which some species are found only on slightly moist surfaces and other species found hovering over surfaces constantly washed by running water (Robinson 1975). In fact, Enlinia species were encountered on two of the three "savanes roches" and both inselbergs investigated during the Mitaraka survey. As multiple species and high numbers were only obtained with a Malaise trap that was operational in one of these sites, there is little doubt that Enlinia occurs on most rocky outcrops with seeps in this part of Amazonia.