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Research Center, Faculty of Earth Sciences and Spatial Management, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland" } ], "person_or_org": { "family_name": "Sobota", "given_name": "Ireneusz", "name": "Sobota, Ireneusz", "type": "personal" } }, { "affiliations": [ { "name": "Institute of Geoecology and Geoinformation, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poland" } ], "person_or_org": { "family_name": "Rachlewicz", "given_name": "Grzegorz", "name": "Rachlewicz, Grzegorz", "type": "personal" } } ], "description": "
This is chapter 7 of the State of Environmental Science in Svalbard (SESS) report 2020 (https://sios-svalbard.org/SESS_Issue3).
\n\nSvalbard was long seen as a canary in the coalmine for climate change. Now this early warning system has suffered irreparable damage. Svalbard has warmed 2-6 times faster than the rest of the world, and we can expect further increase in air temperature (by 4–7°C), precipitation (by 45–65%) and more frequent heavy rainfall and floods.
\n\nContrary to predictions from regional climate models, freshwater fluxes from some glacierised catchments have steadily decreased for over a decade. Yet in rainfall dominated watersheds, water discharge has been increasing. To understand the implications, we must improve hydrological research in Svalbard.
\n\nGround newly uncovered by receding glaciers develops permafrost when exposed to harsh Arctic winters. Simultaneously, permafrost thaw produces new water sources and flowpaths. Current hydrogeological models do not account for such complexity.
\n\nThe boundaries of the hydrological year have shifted due to earlier onset of snowmelt, and later freeze up.
\n\nOther weaknesses in hydrological research come from scarcity of long-term monitoring, outdated methods and data for evaporation and condensation and a lack of data on precipitation change with elevation.
\n\nAs every new broken record reminds us, it is more urgent than ever to understand Svalbard’s hydrology.
", "languages": [ { "id": "eng", "title": { "en": "English" } } ], "publication_date": "2021-01-11", "publisher": "Svalbard Integrated Arctic Earth Observing System", "resource_type": { "id": "publication-report", "title": { "de": "Bericht", "en": "Report" } }, "rights": [ { "description": { "en": "The Creative Commons Attribution license allows re-distribution and re-use of a licensed work on the condition that the creator is appropriately credited." }, "icon": "cc-by-icon", "id": "cc-by-4.0", "props": { "scheme": "spdx", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "title": { "en": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International" } } ], "subjects": [ { "subject": "Arctic hydrology" }, { "subject": "hydrological monitoring in Svalbard" }, { "subject": "water balance" }, { "subject": "climate change in the Arctic" }, { "subject": "freshwater fluxes into polar ocean" }, { "subject": "water resources" }, { "subject": "hydrological processes" }, { "subject": "water budget in Svalbard" } ], "title": "From land to fjords: The review of Svalbard hydrology from 1970 to 2019 (SvalHydro)" }, "parent": { "access": { "owned_by": { "user": 136018 } }, "communities": { "default": "60a66a3a-1135-444d-9ae8-06a81268c86c", "entries": [ { "access": { "member_policy": "open", "members_visibility": "public", "record_policy": "open", "review_policy": "open", "visibility": "public" }, "children": { "allow": false }, "created": "2020-11-26T09:46:57.182274+00:00", "custom_fields": {}, "deletion_status": { "is_deleted": false, "status": "P" }, "id": "60a66a3a-1135-444d-9ae8-06a81268c86c", "links": {}, "metadata": { "curation_policy": "Uploads are curated by the SIOS Knowledge Centre
\r\n", "page": "Svalbard Integrated Arctic Earth Observing System (SIOS) is an international partnership of research institutions studying the environment and climate in and around Svalbard to
\r\n\r\nFor more information, please visit https://sios-svalbard.org/
\r\n\r\nThis is a collection of publications, datasets, and other material produced by the SIOS community.
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