September 16, 2020 Journal article Open Access

Welinski, Sacha; Tiranov, Alexey; Businger, Moritz; Ferrier, Alban; Afzelius, Mikael; Goldner, Philippe

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    <subfield code="u">University of Geneva</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">Coherence Time Extension by Large-Scale Optical Spin Polarization in a Rare-Earth Doped Crystal</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">&lt;p&gt;Optically addressable spins are actively investigated in quantum communication, processing, and sensing. Optical and spin coherence lifetimes, which determine quantum operation fidelity and storage time, are often limited by spin-spin interactions, which can be decreased by polarizing spins. Spin polarization can be achieved using optical pumping, large magnetic fields, or mK-range temperatures. Here, we show that optical pumping of a small fraction of ions with a fixed-frequency laser, coupled with spin-spin interactions and spin diffusion, leads to substantial spin polarization in a paramagnetic rare-earth doped crystal,&amp;nbsp;171Yb3+∶Y2SiO5. Indeed, more than 90% spin polarization has been achieved at 2&amp;nbsp;K and zero magnetic field. Using this spin polarization mechanism, we further demonstrate an increase in optical coherence lifetime from 0.3&amp;nbsp;ms to 0.8&amp;nbsp;ms, due to a strong decrease in spin-spin interactions. This effect opens the way to new schemes for obtaining long optical and spin coherence lifetimes in various solid-state systems such as ensembles of rare-earth ions or color centers in diamond, which are of interest for a broad range of quantum technologies.&lt;/p&gt;</subfield>
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