September 19, 2019 Journal article Open Access

von Cossel, M.; Iqbal, Y.; Lewandowski, I.

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    <subfield code="a">Improving the Ecological Performance of Miscanthus (Miscanthus giantess Greef et Deuter) through intercropping with Woad (Isatis tinctorial L.) and Yellow Mellow (Melilotus ocinalis L.)</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">&lt;p&gt;Miscanthus is a promising high-yielding and low-input perennial biomass crop. However, as miscanthus does not produce nectar, it provides less support for pollinators than&amp;nbsp;other perennial biomass crops, such as cup plant, Virginia mallow, or wild plant mixtures. This study&amp;nbsp;discusses whether miscanthus could be intercropped with flower-rich biennial wild plants to further&amp;nbsp;enhance its ecological functioning. In 2017, a demonstration plot was established in southwest&amp;nbsp;Germany with two miscanthus intercropping regimes: woad (WAM) and yellow melilot (YAM).&amp;nbsp;Both woad and melilot reached full bloom in 2018, the second year of cultivation. The flowering period&amp;nbsp;of woad started and ended earlier than that of melilot. Woad remained harvestable until spring 2019,&amp;nbsp;whereas the aboveground melilot was destroyed by brown hare in autumn 2018. However, the shed&amp;nbsp;seeds of melilot reemerged homogeneously in 2019. The miscanthus developed better in YAM than&amp;nbsp;WAM. This was most likely due to (i) stronger competition for water, nutrients, and light inWAM and&amp;nbsp;(ii) nitrogen fixation advantage in melilot. These results indicate that the ecological performance of&amp;nbsp;miscanthus&amp;nbsp;could be improved by intercropping with melilot. Thus, we propose to further investigate&amp;nbsp;the effect of intercropping on both the productivity and quality of miscanthus biomass.&lt;/p&gt;

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