Description of a new genus and species of the subfamily Arcoscalpellinae Zevina, 1978 (Cirripedia: Thoracica: Scalpellidae) from deep waters of the South China Sea

A deep-sea pedunculate barnacle of the family Scalpellidae, subfamily Arcoscalpellinae, collected from deep waters of the South China Sea is studied. Sinoscalpellum gen. nov. is erected to accommodate Sinoscalpellum sinensis sp. nov. The new genus differs from the other genera by the inframedian latus narrow and long, umbo at basi-rostral angle and protruded to below rostrum. A key to genera of the subfamily Arcoscalpellinae is provided. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:061A3277-012E-4808-B7BA-3180CF910CD7

Seven genera have been reported from the China Seas (* in list above) Ren 1985, 2007;Chan et al. 2009). In the present study, one new genus and one new species of Arcoscalpellinae are described from deep waters of the South China Sea.

Material and methods
Material for this study was collected by the Expedition of Deep Waters in the South China Sea by the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences in September 2011. A benthic specimen was collected in water depths > 1200 m at station MBACAS007 (17°15.0209′N, 111°20.1947′E) by Agassiz trawl. The material examined is deposited in the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.
The specimen was examined under a dissecting microscope, measured in millimetres, and drawn.

Etymology
Sino-from Latin for China, in combination with Scalpellum.

Remarks
The subfamily Arcoscalpellinae is composed of 13 genera. The characters of the new species do not allow it to be accommodated within known genera, so we erected a new genus to accommodate it. The new genus is similar to the genus Planoscalpellum Zevina by the umbo of the upper latus at the sub-medial of scutal margin. The new genus is similar to the genus Verum Zevina by having the following characteristics: apex of carinal latus not extending beyond carinal margin and inframedian latus triangular, umbo basal. But it differs from these by the inframedian latus narrow and long, umbo at basi-rostral angle and protruded to below rostrum. There is only one species in the genus: Sinoscalpellum sinensis sp. nov.
Dorsal surface of prosoma smooth. Labrum bullate, crest with a row of small teeth. Mandible with three teeth, inferior angle pectinate. Cutting edge of maxilla I with a notch and setae, with three large spines above and four spines below. Maxilla II with distinct notch on frontal portion, with setae, maxillar lobe slender and long. Palp small, conical, with setae.
Numbers of segments of cirri I-VI of holotype as follows: Anterior ramus of cirrus I shorter than posterior. Anterior and posterior rami of II-VI sub-equal in length, slender and long, each of intermediate segments bears four or five pairs of setae on anterior margin, dorsal margin of segments with small teeth. Caudal appendage slender, five segments, with setae. Penis absent. Dwarf male not known.

Etymology
The sinensis is from Latin for Chinese.

Habitat
Based on this record, the new species, which has not yet been found elsewhere in tropical deep seas, should be attached to sediment grains.
Journal of Natural History 1059