Dorcadionini of Turkey (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

ABSTRACT The Dorcadionini fauna of Turkey is reviewed, and a complete list with type information and provincial distributions is presented. Two hundred and seventy-eight species-group taxa are catalogued in total. This represents approximately 35% of the known Palaearctic Dorcadionini fauna. The Turkish Dorcadionini fauna is characterised by 227 endemic species-group taxa. So its endemism ratio is very high (approximately 82%). Distributions of the taxa in Turkey are given based on available literature records. Taxa in the list are arranged systematically under tribe, genus, subgenus (when recognised), species and subspecies (when recognised). The species group taxa whose occurrences in Turkey need conformation are not included in the list but are given separately. Additionally, two taxa are removed from the list: Dorcadion (Cribridorcadion) investitum Breuning in Braun, 1978a as nomen nudum and Dorcadion (Cribridorcadion) rosinae K. Daniel in Bodemeyer, 1900 as nomen nudum; and two taxa are given as status nov. and comb. nov.: Dorcadion (Cribridorcadion) atritarse Pic, 1931a and Dorcadion (Cribridorcadion) equestre bernhauerorum Peks, 2010. Moreover, a checklist of Dorcadionini of Turkey is presented in an appendix.


Introduction
Turkey is adjacent to large bodies of water to the south, west and north; it has continental properties. Turkey is the centre of origin of many taxa, and its exceptionally diverse topography has provided refugia in which many species have survived in spite of harsh geological and climatic changes. The great biological importance of Turkey is evident from the remarkable variety of arthropods in Turkey. Nevertheless the fauna of Cerambycidae of Turkey have not been thoroughly studied and documented .
Dorcadion auratum Tournier, 1872 -This species has been reported only by Lodos (1998) for Turkey in his unrealistic list without any exact locality. However, the species has been recorded only from Georgia now. It is endemic to Georgia. Therefore, it is impossible for it to occur in Turkey.
Dorcadion beckeri Kraatz, 1873 -This species has been recorded by a few authors from N and E Anatolia. It has two subspecies from South European Russia and Azerbaijan. Therefore, the presence of this species in Turkey is impossible.
Dorcadion cinerarium (Fabricius, 1787) -This species has been recorded by various authors from different parts of Anatolia. It has 19 subspecies from European Russia, Ukraine, Moldavia and Azerbaijan. According to Lazarev (2009), Dorcadion populations from Turkey were wrongly regarded as different forms of D. cinerarium (D. micans Thomson, 1867, D. sericatulum Kraatz, 1873and D. macropus Kraatz, 1873. He also stated that Dorcadion populations that were attributed before to D. cinerarium from Turkey (as subspecies, variations, morphs, forms or aberrations) belong to another partly undescribed species. Therefore, the presence of this species in Turkey is doubtful.
Dorcadion decipiens (Germar, 1824) -This species recorded by Önalp (1991) and Lodos (1998) from Turkey without any exact locality. It is known from Hungary, Moldavia, Romania, Ukraine, Yugoslavia and Bulgaria. Önalp (1991) mentioned a male specimen in the Senckenberg Museum and one female specimen in her collection from Turkey. Therefore, the presence of this species in Turkey is uncertain.
Dorcadion elegans Kraatz, 1873 -This species has been reported only by Lodos (1998) for Turkey in his unrealistic list without any exact locality. However, the species has been recorded only from South European Russia, Ukraine and Kazakhstan now. Therefore, it is impossible for it to occur in Turkey.
Dorcadion etruscum (Rossi, 1790) -This species has been reported only by Lodos (1998) for Turkey in his unrealistic list without any exact locality. However, the species has been recorded only from Italy now. It is diffuse in Italy, Greece and Albania. Therefore, it is impossible for it to occur in Turkey.
Dorcadion glaucum Faldermann, 1837 -This species has been reported only by Lodos (1998) for Turkey in his unrealistic list without any exact locality. However, the species has been recorded only from Iran now. Therefore, it is impossible for it to occur in Turkey.

Results and discussion
This work provides essential information to understand and conserve the existing biodiversity of Turkey (a particular region). Although the Dorcadionini of Turkey is not well studied, there is always a need to present updated information because of changes in the taxonomic nomenclature and many surveys resulting in new descriptions, records and localities. This is a crucial attempt to present a synthesised and updated list of Dorcadionini of Turkey. In all, 278 species-group taxa [Dorcadion: 265 species-group taxa; Megalodorcadion: seven species; and Neodorcadion: six species) are listed. Eodorcadion, Iberodorcadion and Politodorcadion have no species in Turkey. The Dorcadionini fauna of Turkey presents a remarkable endemism with 227 species group taxa, which constitute about 82% of the total number. This is surely a result of hotspots included in the area. We suggest future investigations in localities that are not well collected. Forthcoming surveys will most likely contribute to the Dorcadionini fauna of Turkey with new records, and new species and subspecies.

Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.