Review of the genus Bolbonaso Emeljanov with checklist and key to Indian Caliscelidae (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea)

ABSTRACT A list of species of the family Caliscelidae Amyot et Serville known from India with data on distribution and sources for identification and a key to genera are given. The genus Bolbonaso Emeljanov, 2007 is revised. A new species, Bolbonaso chandri sp. nov., is described from Eastern India (Assam and Meghalaya States). Bolbonaso tapirifacies (Parshad, 1981) is redescribed and recorded for the first time from Southern India (Karnataka State). The lectotype is designated for Chirodisca eximia (Stål, 1859) which is recorded for the first time from Pakistan. New faunistic data in Nepal are listed for Delhina eurybrachydoides Distant, 1912.


Introduction
The family Caliscelidae Amyot et Serville is small worldwide distributed group with about 200 species in more than 70 genera (Gnezdilov 2013;Bourgoin 2015). Investigation and description of caliscelid fauna of India and adjacent countries were started by Guérin-Méneville (1834) and followed by Distant (1912Distant ( , 1916, Fennah (1949Fennah ( , 1963Fennah ( , 1987, Menon and Parshad (1961), Parshad (1981), and Gnezdilov and Viraktamath (2011). Additional records were published by Gnezdilov (2008a) and Gnezdilov and Bourgoin (2009) During my studies in German museums and thanks to the kind help of Dr Chandrashekharaswamy A. Viraktamath from the University of Agricultural Sciences in Bangalore (India) a new species of the genus Bolbonaso from Eastern India was discovered and new records of Bolbonaso tapirifacies (Parshad, 1981) from Southern India, Delhina eurybrachydoides Distant, 1912 from Nepal, and Chirodisca eximia (Stål, 1859) from Pakistan were recognized. Examination of syntypes of C. eximia deposited in the Museum für Naturkunde (Berlin, Germany) allowed designation of the lectotype.
Key to species of the genus Bolbonaso

Description
Metope wide, slightly narrowing from its upper margin to the clypeus, with convex lateral margins. Coryphe 1.5 times as wide as long at median line, with weak median carina; anterior margin widely convex. Clypeal bulb vertically oval, distinctly separated from the rest of clypeus in lateral view ( Figure 1B,D). Anal tube widely rounded apically in dorsal view ( Figure 6K).

Coloration
General coloration light brown yellowish (in light specimens) or brown to dark brown and black (in dark specimens). Coryphe and metope orange or brown orange, with white
Note. The record of Symplana viridinervis Kirby, 1894 from India (Chatterjee and Bose 1934) has to be confirmed as this species was originally described from Sri Lanka (Kirby 1894).

Discussion
The Caliscelid fauna of India (or Southern Asia) is one of the richest in the Oriental realm. For comparison, just one genus, Gelastissus Kirkaldy, with two species is known from the whole of Indonesia (Gnezdilov 2008b). Most of the Indian species (seven) are recorded from southern India (Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh States), four species from northern and northeastern India (Delhi, Punjab and West Bengal States), and two species from eastern India (Assam, Maharashtra and Meghalaya States).
According to current knowledge the Indian caliscelid fauna is highly endemic: three monotypic genera (Coinquenda Distant, 1916, Formiscurra Gnezdilov et Viraktamath, 2011, Symplanodes Fennah, 1987 and nine species are Indian endemics. The genus Delhina Distant, 1912 is endemic to Himalaya -D. eurybrachydoides is known from Darjeeling in West Bengal, Nepal and Tibet (Xizang Autonomous Region) in China (Distant 1912;Che et al. 2006;Gnezdilov 2008a). Only Chirodisca eximia (Stål, 1859) and Asarcopus palmarum Horváth, 1921 are widely distributed outside Indiathe first species is known from Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Nepal and Eastern Africa and the second one from northeastern and northwestern Africa and was even introduced into the USA (California) (O'Brien 1988;Gnezdilov and Bourgoin 2009).

Funding
The study was financially supported by the Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung (Bonn, Germany) and performed in the frame of the state research project No. 01201351189 (Russia).