July 28, 2019 Conference paper Open Access

Dimitrios Iakovakis; Stelios Hadjidimitriou; Vasileios Charisis; Sevasti Bostanjopoulou; Zoe Katsarou; Lisa Klingelhoefer; Simone Mayer; Heinz Reichmann; Sofia B. Dias; José A. Diniz; Dhaval Trivedi; Ray K. Chaudhuri; Leontios J. Hadjileontiadis

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    <subfield code="a">Early Parkinson's Disease Detection via Touchscreen Typing Analysis using Convolutional Neural Networks</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">&lt;p&gt;Parkinson&amp;rsquo;s Disease (PD) is the second most&amp;nbsp;common neurodegenerative disorder worldwide, causing both&amp;nbsp;motor and non-motor&amp;nbsp; symptoms. In the early stages, symptoms&amp;nbsp;are mild and patients may ignore their existence. As a result,&amp;nbsp;they do not undergo any related clinical examination; hence delaying their PD diagnosis. In an effort to remedy such delay,&amp;nbsp;analysis of data passively&amp;nbsp; captured from user&amp;rsquo;s interaction with&amp;nbsp;consumer technologies has been recently explored towards&amp;nbsp;remote screening of early PD motor signs. In the current study,&amp;nbsp;a smartphone-based method analyzing subjects&amp;rsquo; finger&amp;nbsp;interaction with the smartphone screen is developed for the&amp;nbsp;quantification of fine-motor skills decline in early PD using&amp;nbsp;Convolutional Neural Networks. Experimental results from the&amp;nbsp;analysis of keystroke typing in-the-clinic data from 18 early PD&amp;nbsp;patients and 15 healthy controls have shown a classification&lt;br&gt;
performance of 0.89 Area Under the Curve (AUC) with 0.79/0.79&amp;nbsp;sensitivity/specificity, respectively. Evaluation of the&amp;nbsp;generalization ability of the proposed approach was made by its&amp;nbsp;application on typing data arising from a separate self-reported&amp;nbsp;cohort of 27 PD patients&amp;rsquo; and 84 healthy controls&amp;rsquo; daily usage&amp;nbsp;with their personal smartphones (data in-the-wild), achieving&amp;nbsp;0.79 AUC with 0.74/0.78 sensitivity/specificity, respectively. The&amp;nbsp;results show the potentiality of the proposed approach to process&amp;nbsp;keystroke dynamics arising from users&amp;rsquo; natural typing activity&amp;nbsp;to detect PD, which contributes to the development of digital&amp;nbsp;tools for remote pathological symptom screening.&lt;/p&gt;</subfield>
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