June 14, 2019 Journal article Open Access

Brown, Kevin Antoine; Daneman, Nick; Schwartz, Kevin L.; Langford, Bradley; McGeer, Allison; Quirk, Jacquelyn; Diong, Christina; Garber, Gary

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  <identifier identifierType="URL">https://zenodo.org/record/3666982</identifier>
  <creators>
    <creator>
      <creatorName>Brown, Kevin Antoine</creatorName>
      <givenName>Kevin Antoine</givenName>
      <familyName>Brown</familyName>
      <nameIdentifier nameIdentifierScheme="ORCID" schemeURI="http://orcid.org/">0000-0002-1483-2188</nameIdentifier>
    </creator>
    <creator>
      <creatorName>Daneman, Nick</creatorName>
      <givenName>Nick</givenName>
      <familyName>Daneman</familyName>
    </creator>
    <creator>
      <creatorName>Schwartz, Kevin L.</creatorName>
      <givenName>Kevin L.</givenName>
      <familyName>Schwartz</familyName>
    </creator>
    <creator>
      <creatorName>Langford, Bradley</creatorName>
      <givenName>Bradley</givenName>
      <familyName>Langford</familyName>
    </creator>
    <creator>
      <creatorName>McGeer, Allison</creatorName>
      <givenName>Allison</givenName>
      <familyName>McGeer</familyName>
    </creator>
    <creator>
      <creatorName>Quirk, Jacquelyn</creatorName>
      <givenName>Jacquelyn</givenName>
      <familyName>Quirk</familyName>
    </creator>
    <creator>
      <creatorName>Diong, Christina</creatorName>
      <givenName>Christina</givenName>
      <familyName>Diong</familyName>
    </creator>
    <creator>
      <creatorName>Garber, Gary</creatorName>
      <givenName>Gary</givenName>
      <familyName>Garber</familyName>
    </creator>
  </creators>
  <titles>
    <title>The Urine-culturing Cascade: Variation in Nursing Home Urine Culturing and Association With Antibiotic Use and Clostridiodes difficile Infection</title>
  </titles>
  <publisher>Zenodo</publisher>
  <publicationYear>2019</publicationYear>
  <dates>
    <date dateType="Issued">2019-06-14</date>
  </dates>
  <resourceType resourceTypeGeneral="Text">Journal article</resourceType>
  <alternateIdentifiers>
    <alternateIdentifier alternateIdentifierType="url">https://zenodo.org/record/3666982</alternateIdentifier>
  </alternateIdentifiers>
  <relatedIdentifiers>
    <relatedIdentifier relatedIdentifierType="DOI" relationType="IsIdenticalTo">10.1093/cid/ciz482</relatedIdentifier>
  </relatedIdentifiers>
  <rightsList>
    <rights rightsURI="info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess">Open Access</rights>
  </rightsList>
  <descriptions>
    <description descriptionType="Abstract">Background: Rates of antibiotic use vary widely across nursing homes and cannot be explained by resident characteristics. Antibiotic prescribing for a presumed urinary tract infection is often preceded by inappropriate urine culturing. We examined nursing home urine-culturing practices and their association with antibiotic use.   

Methods We conducted a longitudinal, multilevel, retrospective cohort study based on quarterly nursing home assessments between April 2014 and January 2017 in 591 nursing homes and covering &amp;gt;90% of nursing home residents in Ontario, Canada. Nursing home urine culturing was measured as the proportion of residents with a urine culture in the prior 14 days. Outcomes included receipt of any systemic antibiotic and any urinary antibiotic (eg, nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim/sulfonamides, ciprofloxacin) in the 30 days after the assessment and Clostridiodes difficile infection in the 90 days after the assessment. Adjusted Poisson regression models accounted for 14 resident covariates.   

Results: A total of 131 218 residents in 591 nursing homes were included; 7.9% of resident assessments had a urine culture in the prior 14 days; this proportion was highly variable across the 591 nursing homes (10th percentile = 3.4%, 90th percentile = 14.3%). Before and after adjusting for 14 resident characteristics, nursing home urine culturing predicted total antibiotic use (adjusted risk ratio [RR] per doubling of urine culturing, 1.21; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18–1.23), urinary antibiotic use (RR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.28–1.38), and C. difficile infection (incidence rate ratio, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.07–1.31).   

Conclusions Nursing homes have highly divergent urine culturing rates; this variability is associated with higher antibiotic use and rates of C. difficile infection.</description>
  </descriptions>
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