THE SEMANTIC, CONNOTATIVE AND PRAGMATIC PECULIARITIES OF ANTHROPOCENTRIC PROVERBIAL CONSTRUCTIONS IN THE ENGLISH, UZBEK AND KARAKALPAK LANGUAGES

Jalgasov Nurjan Maratovich English Teacher, Doctoral Student of Nukus State Pedagogical Institute Named After Ajiniyaz. ...................................................................................................................... Manuscript Info Abstract ......................... ........................................................................ Manuscript History Received: 30 November 2019 Final Accepted: 31 December 2019 Published: January 2020

The present manuscript is devoted to investigation of semantic, connotative and pragmatic peculiarities of proverbial constructions which characterize a human. The author pays attention to semantic meaning of such proverbs, connotative signs of evaluating people. Besides, pragmatic means of proverbial formations are analyzed in the manuscript. Theoretical part of the manuscript is proved by examples of proverbial constructions.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………….... Introduction:-Materials and Methods:-
The material of the present researchproverbial constructions or proverbs of the English, Uzbek and Karakalpak languages which characterize a human, that's why they are called anthropocentric proverbs. We have used descriptive method for describing the problem of investigation, method of critical analysis of the literature on the present theme of investigation, componential analysis for analyzing components of proverbial constructions as well as semantic-structural approach. The majority of proverbs of any language is connected with description of people's characteristics and reflect attitude to them due to any concrete situation or event. From generation to generation proverbs transfer valuable information about human's nature and his role in society.

Results and Discussion
Really, with the help of proverbs in human's cognition various images are created as well as people's feeling and sufferings are reflected in the surrounding of objects and people of the world. Proverbial constructions are created by people but they are registered in language system in special dictionaries. Proverbs are able to demonstrate language bearers' culture and national spirit of the language.
A proverbial construction always has a model of a sentence with complete idea.
Proverbial constructions can be expressed by the structure of simple or compound sentences. It should be noted, that the majority of proverbs are simple and laconic sentences which have deep meaning. Long proverbs are difficult to remember in memory, that's why they fall out of everyday use. As for short proverbs, they are very popular and are widely used in speech and texts. Proverbs reflect various spheres of human activity. In some theoretical issues proverbs called proverbial constructions (as in the present manuscript) or paremiological units. All of them are equal in meaning. They convey people's knowledge and life experience from generation to generation for many, many centuries.
English proverb: What soberness conceals, drunkenness reveals (when a person has drunk alcohol, he/she may say something which he/she would never tell being sober); Uzbek proverbs: Хушёрнинг дилида -мастнинг тилида (the same meaning as above mentioned English proverb: when a person has drunk alcohol, he/she may say something which he/she would never tell being sober); Karakalpak proverb: Аққа қара жоқ, қараға шара жоқ (a white can't be black and black can't be white).
In proverbial constructions laconic and short speech is praised: English proverb (created by W. Shakespeare): Brevity is the soul of wit (it's better to be short in speaking); Uzbek proverb (created by Avicenna): Соғлиқ тиласанг -кўп ема, ҳурмат тиласанг -кўп гапирма (if you want to be healthy -don't eat much, if you want to be respected -don't talk much); One of the main features of proverbial constructions id absence of polysemy. It means that one proverb can have one definite meaning. So, it can be used in an exact contextual surrounding. If a proverb is incorrectly used due to this or that situation in the process of speech act, it can cause misunderstanding between communicants.
Many linguists investigated the origin of proverbs and they came to conclusion that people, people's mind is the only author of proverbs. Proverbs are created by people and they are used by people in order to characterize people. Each situation has its own proverb. For example, if a daughter looks like her mother the following English proverb can be used: Like mother, like daughter. The same meaning has the Uzbek proverb Онасини кўриб қизини ол.
In situation when a wise person makes mistake the following English proverb is used: A good marksman may miss. In the Uzbek language we have a proverb with the same meaning: Ҳар тўкисда бир айб. In Karakalpak language we have a proverb Айда да дақ бар (even the moon has spots).

Conclusion:-
We can conclude that proverbial constructions are the mostly used language means both in oral communication and written texts. Short and laconic form, refined structure and deep meaning make them popular in everyday speech and literary books, newspaper texts and mass media. One proverb can depict the whole situation and transfer a person's attitude to any object, event or another person. According to structure proverbial constructions can be expressed by simple or compound sentences. According to way of expression they can be expressed by declarative, interrogative and imperative sentences. Proverbial constructions have semantic, connotative and pragmatic peculiarities. They have deep meaning used in order to transfer different connotative marks and evaluation of people