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This working paper is a lightly edited transcript of a CREATe public lecture delivered at the University of Glasgow on 28 November 2018.
\n\nThe World Trade Organization TRIPS Agreement established multilateral rules on “trade related aspects of intellectual property”, purporting to do away with distortions and impediments to trade, and to establish a benchmark for adequate and effective intellectual property protection. It posits a positive-sum relation between the producers and users of technological knowledge. These rules were drawn up a generation ago in Geneva, exactly where and when the World Wide Web was in the process of being invented. The Web epitomises the technological developments – the digital disruptions – that have revolutionised the ways in which intellectual property is formed, regulated, managed and traded; yet the TRIPS Agreement was concluded at a time when creative content was mostly embedded in physical media, and almost exclusively counted as trade in goods. New business models for the creative industries and new technology platforms for the distribution of content have outpaced regulatory, legislative processes, let alone the capacity of multilateral rules to be adapted and updated to respond to these developments. Recent bilateral and regional deals – negotiated expressly outside the multilateral sphere – have sought to define and promote digital trade.
\n\nThis working paper reviews the abiding significance of the TRIPS Agreement for trade in creative content against the fundamental shift from trade in physical carrier media to trade in network data packets: is TRIPS somehow ‘wired’ – a timely trade pact that foreshadowed the growth in trade in IP as a valued good in itself; or ‘tired’ – rooted in a bygone set of assumptions about how IP is traded; or indeed ‘expired’, superseded by fundamental technological shifts and subsequent trade deals? The paper concludes by reflecting more broadly on what the impact of technological disruption can tell us about the essential relationship between the creator and the consumer of creative works, and the limitations of ways of understanding diffusion of creative works that are limited to legal, technical or regulatory frameworks
", "languages": [ { "id": "eng", "title": { "en": "English" } } ], "publication_date": "2019-11-12", "publisher": "Zenodo", "resource_type": { "id": "publication-workingpaper", "title": { "de": "Arbeitspapier", "en": "Working paper" } }, "rights": [ { "description": { "en": "The Creative Commons Attribution license allows re-distribution and re-use of a licensed work on the condition that the creator is appropriately credited." }, "icon": "cc-by-icon", "id": "cc-by-4.0", "props": { "scheme": "spdx", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "title": { "en": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International" } } ], "title": "DISCONTENT INDUSTRIES? CREATIVE WORKS AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE LAW: MAKING SENSE OF 'ANALOGUE' IP RULES IN A DIGITAL AGE" }, "parent": { "access": { "owned_by": { "user": 52542 } }, "communities": { "default": "3bce19f7-225f-44e8-a980-a02e12b80fb0", "entries": [ { "access": { "member_policy": "open", "members_visibility": "public", "record_policy": "open", "review_policy": "open", "visibility": "public" }, "children": { "allow": false }, "created": "2014-02-19T11:39:31+00:00", "custom_fields": {}, "deletion_status": { "is_deleted": false, "status": "P" }, "id": "3bce19f7-225f-44e8-a980-a02e12b80fb0", "links": {}, "metadata": { "curation_policy": "", "page": "CREATe is the RCUK Centre for Copyright and New Business Models in the Creative Economy, based at the University of Glasgow. It is funded jointly by the Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC), Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) and the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC). CREATe investigates the future of creative production in the digital age, and in particular the role of copyright.
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\r\nThe Centre brings together an interdisciplinary team of academics from law, economics, management, computer science, sociology, psychology, ethnography and critical studies within a consortium of seven UK universities (Glasgow, East Anglia, Edinburgh, Goldsmiths University of London, Nottingham, St Andrews, and Strathclyde), and over 80 industry, public sector and civil society partners.
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\r\nFor more details about CREATe, see http://www.create.ac.uk.