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Game theoretic models of evolution such as the Hawk–Dove game assume that individuals gain fitness (which is a proxy of the per capita population growth rate) in pair-wise contests only. These models assume that the equilibrium distribution of phenotypes involved (e.g., Hawks and Doves) in the population is given by the Hardy–Weinberg law, which is based on instantaneous, random pair formation. On the other hand, models of population dynamics do not consider pairs, newborns are produced by singles, and interactions between phenotypes or species are described by the mass action principle. This article links game theoretic and population approaches. It shows that combining distribution dynamics with population dynamics can lead to stable coexistence of Hawk and Dove population numbers in models that do not assume a priori that fitness is negative density dependent. Our analysis shows clearly that the interior Nash equilibrium of the Hawk and Dove model depends both on population size and on interaction times between different phenotypes in the population. This raises the question of the applicability of classic evolutionary game theory that requires all interactions take the same amount of time and that all single individuals have the same payoff per unit of time, to real populations. Furthermore, by separating individual fitness into birth and death effects on singles and pairs, it is shown that stable coexistence in these models depends on the time-scale of the distribution dynamics relative to the population dynamics. When explicit density-dependent fitness is included through competition over a limited resource, the combined dynamics of the Hawk–Dove model often lead to Dove extinction no matter how costly fighting is for Hawk pairs.
", "funding": [ { "award": { "acronym": "FourCmodelling", "id": "00k4n6c32::690817", "identifiers": [ { "identifier": "https://cordis.europa.eu/projects/690817", "scheme": "url" } ], "number": "690817", "program": "H2020", "title": { "en": "Conflict, Competition, Cooperation and Complexity: Using Evolutionary Game Theory to model realistic populations" } }, "funder": { "id": "00k4n6c32", "name": "European Commission" } } ], "publication_date": "2018-10-14", "publisher": "Zenodo", "resource_type": { "id": "publication-article", "title": { "de": "Zeitschriftenartikel", "en": "Journal article" } }, "rights": [ { "description": { "en": "The Creative Commons Attribution license allows re-distribution and re-use of a licensed work on the condition that the creator is appropriately credited." }, "icon": "cc-by-icon", "id": "cc-by-4.0", "props": { "scheme": "spdx", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" }, "title": { "en": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International" } } ], "title": "Beyond replicator dynamics: From frequency to density dependent models of evolutionary games" }, "parent": { "access": { "owned_by": { "user": 71850 } }, "communities": { "default": "69aad111-654e-4280-90fa-56c9931e44b3", "entries": [ { "access": { "member_policy": "open", "members_visibility": "public", "record_policy": "open", "review_policy": "open", "visibility": "public" }, "children": { "allow": false }, "created": "2019-06-14T09:59:57.738101+00:00", "custom_fields": {}, "deletion_status": { "is_deleted": false, "status": "P" }, "id": "69aad111-654e-4280-90fa-56c9931e44b3", "links": {}, "metadata": { "curation_policy": "Accept all papers that were/will be produced in association with EU RISE grant 690817, and only these, to create a complete accessible collection for this project.
\r\n", "page": "Real animals and human populations are complex, involving structural relationships depending upon space and time and varied interactions between potentially many individuals. Human societies feature family units, communities, companies and nations. Some animal also have complex societies, such as primate groups and social insect colonies. Single organisms themselves can be thought of as complex ecosystems, host to many interacting life forms.
\r\n\r\nModels of populations are necessarily idealised, and most involve either simple pairwise interactions or "well-mixed" structureless populations, or both. In this project we shall develop game-theoretical models, both general and focused on specific real population scenarios, which incorporate population structure and within population interactions which are both complex in character. We will focus on the themes of Conflict, Competition, Cooperation and Complexity inherent in the majority of real populations.
\r\n\r\nThere will be four complementary sub-projects within the overall project. The first will focus on developing a general theory of modelling multiplayer evolutionary games in structured populations, and will feed into each of the other three sub-projects. The second will consider complex foraging games, in particular games under time constraints and involving sequential decisions relating to patch choice. The third will involve modelling human social behaviours, a particular example being epidemic cascades on social networks. The final sub-project will model cancer as a complex adaptive system, where a population of tumour, normal and immune cells evolve within a human ecosystem.
\r\n\r\nThe four sub-projects will be developed in parallel fostered by frequent research visits and interactions, each involving a team comprising of EU and North American researchers, and will feed into each other through regular interactions and meetings. The aim is to develop a rich, varied but consistent theory with wide applicability.
", "title": "Conflict, Competition, Cooperation and Complexity: Using Evolutionary Game Theory to Model Realistic Populations" }, "revision_id": 0, "slug": "fourcmodelling690817", "updated": "2019-06-14T10:00:17.351595+00:00" }, { "access": { "member_policy": "open", "members_visibility": "restricted", "record_policy": "open", "review_policy": "closed", "visibility": "public" }, "children": { "allow": true }, "created": "2022-11-23T15:53:29.436323+00:00", "custom_fields": {}, "deletion_status": { "is_deleted": false, "status": "P" }, "id": "f0a8b890-f97a-4eb2-9eac-8b8a712d3a6c", "links": {}, "metadata": { "curation_policy": "The EU Open Research Repository serves as a repository for research outputs (data, software, posters, presentations, publications, etc) which have been funded under an EU research funding programme such as Horizon Europe, Euratom or earlier Framework Programmes.
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", "description": "Open repository for EU-funded research outputs from Horizon Europe, Euratom and earlier Framework Programmes.", "organizations": [ { "id": "00k4n6c32" } ], "page": "The EU Open Research Repository is a Zenodo-community dedicated to fostering open science and enhancing the visibility and accessibility of research outputs funded by the European Union. The community is managed by CERN on behalf of the European Commission.
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