PT	AU	BA	BE	GP	AF	BF	CA	TI	SO	SE	BS	LA	DT	CT	CY	CL	SP	HO	DE	ID	AB	C1	RP	EM	RI	OI	FU	FX	CR	NR	TC	Z9	U1	U2	PU	PI	PA	SN	EI	BN	J9	JI	PD	PY	VL	IS	PN	SU	SI	MA	BP	EP	AR	DI	D2	EA	EY	PG	WC	SC	GA	UT	PM	OA	HC	HP	DA
J	Thys, B; Eens, M; Aerts, S; Delory, A; Iserbyt, A; Pinxten, R				Thys, Bert; Eens, Marcel; Aerts, Silke; Delory, Amandine; Iserbyt, Arne; Pinxten, Rianne			Exploration and sociability in a highly gregarious bird are repeatable across seasons and in the long term but are unrelated	ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR			English	Article						animal personality; behavioural syndrome; (co)variance partitioning; long term; seasonal context; social behaviour; Sturnus vulgaris	STARLINGS STURNUS-VULGARIS; CONSISTENT INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; BEHAVIORAL SYNDROMES; ANIMAL PERSONALITY; GREAT TITS; CORRELATED BEHAVIORS; TRADE-OFFS; PHENOTYPIC CORRELATIONS; ADAPTIVE PERSONALITIES; FITNESS CONSEQUENCES	Personality traits and behavioural syndromes are often assumed to relate to life history strategies and lifetime fitness variation and hence may be generally under selection. Key in this regard is the, often untested, assumption that individual differences in (correlated) behaviours are maintained across contexts and over an individual's lifetime. Here, we tested this assumption, using a population of 30 captive male starlings, Sturnus vulgaris, a highly gregarious avian species. We repeatedly assayed novel environment exploration and different aspects of sociability towards a female conspecific, across seasonal contexts (spring and autumn) and across a 2-year period, which represents a substantial portion of a starling's life span. We found that, regardless of plasticity at the population level, both exploration behaviour and sociability traits investigated were moderately repeatable across seasons and years, with no significant differences between repeatability estimates over different timescales. However, no evidence was found for significant between-individual correlations between the investigated traits, including different aspects of sociability. Taken together, our results provide empirical evidence that exploration and sociability are personality traits that are stable across seasons and in the long term but do not form behavioural syndromes. Given the recent evidence that personality traits are often heritable, the traits assessed in our study might have the potential to evolve independently under selection. This long-term consistency in exploration and sociability might have important implications for the social organization within complex social environments and influence a wide variety of ecologically relevant processes. (C) 2016 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	[Thys, Bert; Eens, Marcel; Aerts, Silke; Delory, Amandine; Iserbyt, Arne; Pinxten, Rianne] Univ Antwerp, Dept Biol, Behav Ecol & Ecophysiol Grp, Antwerp, Belgium; [Pinxten, Rianne] Univ Antwerp, Fac Social Sci, Antwerp Sch Educ, Antwerp, Belgium	Thys, B (reprint author), Campus Drie Eiken,Bldg D Room 1-23,Univ Pl 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium.	bert.thys@uantwerpen.be			Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek - Vlaanderen (FWO); University of Antwerp	We thank Geert Eens for technical support and building the test room, Peter Scheys for animal care and Sofie Brems for preparing Fig. 1. Thomas Raap, AlexanderWeiss and two anonymous referees provided valuable feedback on the manuscript. This work was financially supported by the Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek - Vlaanderen (FWO) and the University of Antwerp. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.	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Behav.	JAN	2017	123						339	348		10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.11.014				10	Behavioral Sciences; Zoology	Behavioral Sciences; Zoology	EH5VK	WOS:000391840900036					2019-02-21	
J	Honsey, AE; Staples, DF; Venturelli, PA				Honsey, Andrew E.; Staples, David F.; Venturelli, Paul A.			Accurate estimates of age at maturity from the growth trajectories of fishes and other ectotherms	ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS			English	Article						age at maturity; biphasic growth; Lester biphasic growth model; life history; profile likelihood; Sander vitreus	DENSITY-DEPENDENT GROWTH; LIFE-HISTORY TRAITS; REACTION NORMS; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; SEXUAL-MATURITY; EFFECTS MODELS; SIZE; MATURATION; REPRODUCTION; POPULATIONS	Age at maturity (AAM) is a key life history trait that provides insight into ecology, evolution, and population dynamics. However, maturity data can be costly to collect or may not be available. Life history theory suggests that growth is biphasic for many organisms, with a change-point in growth occurring at maturity. If so, then it should be possible to use a biphasic growth model to estimate AAM from growth data. To test this prediction, we used the Lester biphasic growth model in a likelihood profiling framework to estimate AAM from length at age data. We fit our model to simulated growth trajectories to determine minimum data requirements (in terms of sample size, precision in length at age, and the cost to somatic growth of maturity) for accurate AAM estimates. We then applied our method to a large walleye Sander vitreus data set and show that our AAM estimates are in close agreement with conventional estimates when our model fits well. Finally, we highlight the potential of our method by applying it to length at age data for a variety of ectotherms. Our method shows promise as a tool for estimating AAM and other life history traits from contemporary and historical samples.	[Honsey, Andrew E.] Univ Minnesota, Ecol Evolut & Behav Grad Program, 1987 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA; [Honsey, Andrew E.; Venturelli, Paul A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, 2003 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA; [Staples, David F.] Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, Div Fish & Wildlife, 5463-C West Broadway, Forest Lake, MN 55025 USA	Honsey, AE (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Ecol Evolut & Behav Grad Program, 1987 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.; Honsey, AE (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, 2003 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.	honse018@umn.edu	Venturelli, Paul/A-2337-2008	Venturelli, Paul/0000-0002-7329-7517	Moos Fellowship in Aquatic Biology; University of Minnesota; Minnesota Department of Natural Resources	We thank Tyler Imfeld, Monica Watson, Nigel Lester, Brian Shuter, Cindy Chu, Henrique Giacomini, and the Venturelli lab for their assistance with analysis and data collection. We are also indebted to Richard Bruce, Beth Matta, Mike Palmer, Paul Rago, Sandra Orsatti, Daniel Nadeau, Michel Legault, the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry, the Quebec Ministry of Natural Resources and Wildlife, and the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (copyright 2016, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources) for providing data. Finally, we thank two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions. This work was funded by the Moos Fellowship in Aquatic Biology, the University of Minnesota, and the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources.	Andersen KH, 2015, FISH FISH, V16, P1, DOI 10.1111/faf.12042; AUGERT D, 1993, CAN J ZOOL, V71, P26, DOI 10.1139/z93-005; Baulier L, 2008, J FISH BIOL, V73, P2452, DOI 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2008.02088.x; BERNARDO J, 1993, TRENDS ECOL EVOL, V8, P166, DOI 10.1016/0169-5347(93)90142-C; BERRIGAN D, 1994, OIKOS, V70, P474, DOI 10.2307/3545787; Beverton R. J. 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J, 1992, QUANTITATIVE FISHERI; WARE DM, 1978, J FISH RES BOARD CAN, V35, P220, DOI 10.1139/f78-036; West GB, 1999, SCIENCE, V284, P1677, DOI 10.1126/science.284.5420.1677; West GB, 1997, SCIENCE, V276, P122, DOI 10.1126/science.276.5309.122	69	1	1	3	15	WILEY	HOBOKEN	111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA	1051-0761	1939-5582		ECOL APPL	Ecol. Appl.	JAN	2017	27	1					182	192		10.1002/eap.1421				11	Ecology; Environmental Sciences	Environmental Sciences & Ecology	EH7XG	WOS:000391985300015	27973729				2019-02-21	
J	Wang, HY; Chen, YS; Hsu, CC; Shen, SF				Wang, Hui-Yu; Chen, Ying-Shiuan; Hsu, Chien-Chung; Shen, Sheng-Feng			Fishing-induced changes in adult length are mediated by skipped-spawning	ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS			English	Article						adult demography; eco-genetic individual-based modeling; fisheries selectivity; fishing-induced evolution; life history trade-offs; Pacific bluefin tuna; Thunnus orientalis	PACIFIC BLUEFIN TUNA; INDUCED DISRUPTIVE SELECTION; DEPENDENT ENERGY ALLOCATION; LIFE-HISTORY EVOLUTION; COD GADUS-MORHUA; AGE-STRUCTURE; THUNNUS-ORIENTALIS; BIPHASIC GROWTH; NORTH PACIFIC; FISHERIES	Elucidating fishing effects on fish population dynamics is a critical step toward sustainable fisheries management. Despite previous studies that have suggested age or size truncation in exploited fish populations, other aspects of fishing effects on population demography, e. g., via altering life histories and density, have received less attention. Here, we investigated the fishing effects altering adult demography via shifting reproductive trade-offs in the iconic, overexploited, Pacific bluefin tuna Thunnus orientalis. We found that, contrary to our expectation, mean lengths of catch increased over time in longline fisheries. On the other hand, mean catch lengths for purse seine fisheries did not show such increasing trends. We hypothesized that the size-dependent energetic cost of the spawning migration and elevated fishing mortality on the spawning grounds potentially drive size-dependent skipped spawning for adult tuna, mediating the observed changes in the catch lengths. Using eco-genetic individual-based modeling, we demonstrated that fishing-induced evolution of skipped spawning and size truncation interacted to shape the observed temporal changes in mean catch lengths for tuna. Skipped spawning of the small adults led to increased mean catch lengths for the longline fisheries, while truncation of small adults by the purse seines could offset such a pattern. Our results highlight the eco-evolutionary dynamics of fishing effects on population demography and caution against using demographic traits as a basis for fisheries management of the Pacific bluefin tuna as well as other migratory species.	[Wang, Hui-Yu; Chen, Ying-Shiuan; Hsu, Chien-Chung] Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Oceanog, 1,Sec 4,Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 106, Taiwan; [Shen, Sheng-Feng] Acad Sinica, Biodivers Res Ctr, Taipei 115, Taiwan	Wang, HY (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Oceanog, 1,Sec 4,Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 106, Taiwan.	huiyuwang@ntu.edu.tw		WANG, HUI-YU/0000-0002-9100-321X	Ministry of Science and Technology (a.k.a., National Science Council), Taiwan [NSC 102-2611-M-002-001, MOST 103-2611-M-002-015]	We thank Tomas Hook's laboratory at Purdue University, Mikko Heino, Lori Ivan, Francis Juanes, Jin Gao, and Chih-hao Hsieh for providing invaluable comments and suggestions on the manuscript. Funding was provided by the Ministry of Science and Technology (a.k.a., National Science Council), Taiwan. Projects NSC 102-2611-M-002-001 and MOST 103-2611-M-002-015.	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J	Dennenmoser, S; Vamosi, SM; Nolte, AW; Rogers, SM				Dennenmoser, Stefan; Vamosi, Steven M.; Nolte, Arne W.; Rogers, Sean M.			Adaptive genomic divergence under high gene flow between freshwater and brackish-water ecotypes of prickly sculpin (Cottus asper) revealed by Pool-Seq	MOLECULAR ECOLOGY			English	Article						adaptation; amphidromy; atp1a1a; Pool-Seq; salinity genes; whole-genome scan	RECOMBINATION RATE VARIATION; LOCAL ADAPTATION; THREESPINE STICKLEBACKS; ATLANTIC SALMON; NEXT-GENERATION; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; ECOLOGICAL SPECIATION; 3-SPINED STICKLEBACK; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; SALINITY TOLERANCE	Understanding the genomic basis of adaptive divergence in the presence of gene flow remains a major challenge in evolutionary biology. In prickly sculpin (Cottus asper), an abundant euryhaline fish in northwestern North America, high genetic connectivity among brackish-water (estuarine) and freshwater (tributary) habitats of coastal rivers does not preclude the build-up of neutral genetic differentiation and emergence of different life history strategies. Because these two habitats present different osmotic niches, we predicted high genetic differentiation at known teleost candidate genes underlying salinity tolerance and osmoregulation. We applied whole-genome sequencing of pooled DNA samples (Pool-Seq) to explore adaptive divergence between two estuarine and two tributary habitats. Paired-end sequence reads were mapped against genomic contigs of European Cottus, and the gene content of candidate regions was explored based on comparisons with the threespine stickleback genome. Genes showing signals of repeated differentiation among brackish-water and freshwater habitats included functions such as ion transport and structural permeability in freshwater gills, which suggests that local adaptation to different osmotic niches might contribute to genomic divergence among habitats. Overall, the presence of both repeated and unique signatures of differentiation across many loci scattered throughout the genome is consistent with polygenic adaptation from standing genetic variation and locally variable selection pressures in the early stages of life history divergence.	[Dennenmoser, Stefan; Nolte, Arne W.] Max Planck Inst Evolutionary Biol, August Thienemann Str 2, D-24306 Plon, Germany; [Dennenmoser, Stefan; Vamosi, Steven M.; Rogers, Sean M.] Univ Calgary, Dept Biol Sci, 2500 Univ Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; [Nolte, Arne W.] Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Inst Biol, Carl von Ossietzky Str 9-11, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany	Dennenmoser, S (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Evolutionary Biol, August Thienemann Str 2, D-24306 Plon, Germany.; Dennenmoser, S (reprint author), Univ Calgary, Dept Biol Sci, 2500 Univ Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.	dennenmoser@evolbio.mpg.de	Nolte, Arne/I-4661-2017; Vamosi, Steven/C-8126-2009	Vamosi, Steven/0000-0003-3903-5000	NSERC; Alberta Innovates Technology Futures New Faculty Award; Alberta Innovates Technology Futures Postgraduate scholarship; European Research Council	Field assistance by Jonathan Lowey is greatly appreciated. This research was supported by NSERC Discovery Grants (SMR and SMV), an Alberta Innovates Technology Futures New Faculty Award (SMR), an Alberta Innovates Technology Futures Postgraduate scholarship (SD) and an European Research Council starting grant (AN). SMR would like to thank the Bamfield Marine Sciences Centre (BMSC) for resources while working on this study.	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Ecol.	JAN	2017	26	1			SI		25	42		10.1111/mec.13805				18	Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology	Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology	EH7GJ	WOS:000391940600003	27541083				2019-02-21	
J	van der Linden, D; Pekaar, KA; Bakker, AB; Schermer, JA; Vernon, PA; Dunkel, CS; Petrides, KV				van der Linden, Dimitri; Pekaar, Keri A.; Bakker, Arnold B.; Schermer, Julie Aitken; Vernon, Philip A.; Dunkel, Curtis S.; Petrides, K. V.			Overlap Between the General Factor of Personality and Emotional Intelligence: A Meta-Analysis	PSYCHOLOGICAL BULLETIN			English	Article						general factor of personality; emotional intelligence; meta-analysis; social effectiveness; trait EI	HIGHER-ORDER FACTORS; CRITERION-RELATED VALIDITY; SITUATIONAL JUDGMENT TEST; CAREER DECISION-MAKING; CORE-SELF-EVALUATIONS; INVENTORY-SHORT-FORM; LIFE-HISTORY THEORY; BIG 5; INCREMENTAL VALIDITY; PREDICTIVE-VALIDITY	We examine the relationship between the general factor of personality (GFP) and emotional intelligence (EI) and specifically test the hypothesis that the GFP is a social effectiveness factor overlapping conceptually with EI. Presented is an extensive meta-analysis in which the associations between the GFP, extracted from the Big Five dimensions, with various EI measures is examined. Based on a total sample of k = 142 data sources (N = 36,268) the 2 major findings from the meta-analysis were (a) a large overlap between the GFP and trait EI (r approximate to .85); and (b) a positive, but more moderate, correlation with ability EI (r approximate to .28). These findings show that high-GFP individuals score higher on trait and ability EI, supporting the notion that the GFP is a social effectiveness factor. The findings also suggest that the GFP is very similar, perhaps even synonymous, to trait EI.	[van der Linden, Dimitri; Pekaar, Keri A.; Bakker, Arnold B.] Erasmus Univ, Inst Psychol, POB 9104, NL-3000 DR Rotterdam, Netherlands; [Schermer, Julie Aitken] Univ Western Ontario, Management & Org Studies, London, ON, Canada; [Vernon, Philip A.] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Psychol, London, ON, Canada; [Dunkel, Curtis S.] Western Illinois Univ, Dept Psychol, Macomb, IL USA; [Petrides, K. V.] UCL, London Psychometr Lab, London, England	van der Linden, D (reprint author), Erasmus Univ, Inst Psychol, POB 9104, NL-3000 DR Rotterdam, Netherlands.	vanderlinden@fsw.eur.nl		Van der Linden, Dimitri/0000-0001-7098-8948; Pekaar, Keri/0000-0002-4612-0476			AFOLABI OA, 2005, TEAM PERFORMANCE MAN, V11, P280, DOI DOI 10.1108/13527590510635161; Andrei F, 2016, J PERS ASSESS, V98, P261, DOI 10.1080/00223891.2015.1084630; Andrei F, 2013, PSIHOLOGIJA, V46, P5, DOI 10.2298/PSI1301005A; Anusic I, 2009, J PERS SOC PSYCHOL, V97, P1142, DOI 10.1037/a0017159; Arteche A, 2008, INT J SELECT ASSESS, V16, P421, DOI 10.1111/j.1468-2389.2008.00446.x; Ashton MC, 2007, PERS SOC PSYCHOL REV, V11, P150, DOI 10.1177/1088868306294907; Ashton MC, 2009, PERS SOC PSYCHOL REV, V13, P79, DOI 10.1177/1088868309338467; Atta M, 2013, INT J BUSINESS SOCIA, V4, P253; Austin EJ, 2005, PERS INDIV DIFFER, V38, P547, DOI 10.1016/j.paid.2004.05.009; Austin EJ, 2008, PERS INDIV DIFFER, V44, P679, DOI 10.1016/j.paid.2007.10.001; Austin EJ, 2007, PERS INDIV DIFFER, V43, P179, DOI 10.1016/j.paid.2006.11.019; Austin EJ, 2010, BRIT J PSYCHOL, V101, P563, DOI 10.1348/000712609X474370; Backstrom M, 2009, J RES PERS, V43, P335, DOI 10.1016/j.jrp.2008.12.013; Bastian VA, 2005, PERS INDIV DIFFER, V39, P1135, DOI 10.1016/j.paid.2005.04.006; BLOCK J, 1995, PSYCHOL BULL, V117, P187, DOI 10.1037/0033-2909.117.2.187; Brackett MA, 2004, PERS INDIV DIFFER, V36, P1387, DOI 10.1016/S0191-8869(03)00236-8; Brackett MA, 2003, PERS SOC PSYCHOL B, V29, P1147, DOI 10.1177/0146167203254596; Brannick MT, 2009, MED EDUC, V43, P1062, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2923.2009.03430.x; Byrne JC, 2007, INT J SELECT ASSESS, V15, P341, DOI 10.1111/j.1468-2389.2007.00393.x; Perez-Gonzalez JC, 2014, PERS INDIV DIFFER, V65, P53, DOI 10.1016/j.paid.2014.01.021; CARROLL JB, 1991, INTELLIGENCE, V15, P423, DOI 10.1016/0160-2896(91)90004-W; Caruso DR, 2002, J PERS ASSESS, V79, P306, DOI 10.1207/S15327752JPA7902_12; Caspi A, 2014, CLIN PSYCHOL SCI, V2, P119, DOI 10.1177/2167702613497473; Cavazotte F, 2012, LEADERSHIP QUART, V23, P443, DOI 10.1016/j.leaqua.2011.10.003; Chamorro-Premuzic T, 2007, PERS INDIV DIFFER, V42, P1633, DOI 10.1016/j.paid.2006.10.029; Chamorro-Premuzic T, 2012, PSYCHOL MUSIC, V40, P285, DOI 10.1177/0305735610381591; Chang LY, 2012, J PERS SOC PSYCHOL, V102, P408, DOI 10.1037/a0025559; Chapman B. 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J	Hurst, JE; Kavanagh, PS				Hurst, Jessie E.; Kavanagh, Phillip S.			Life history strategies and psychopathology: the faster the life strategies, the more symptoms of psychopathology	EVOLUTION AND HUMAN BEHAVIOR			English	Article						Life history theory; Life history strategy; Psychopathology; Aggression; Attachment; Self-harm	DELIBERATE SELF-HARM; AGGRESSION; ATTACHMENT; DISORDER; QUESTIONNAIRE; ADOLESCENTS; PERSONALITY; ADAPTATION; MATURATION; BEHAVIOR	There is little extant empirical literature examining the associations between life history strategies and symptoms of psychopathology. The current study (N = 138) investigated the associations between life history strategies, symptoms of psychopathology, aggression, incidence of self-harm behaviour, and attachment (perceived parental support) in sample drawn from the general population and community mental health service providers. The results from the study indicate those with a faster life strategy report greater levels of aggression and symptoms of psychopathology. Further, perceptions of poorer parental support were associated with a faster life history strategy. Implications for life history theory, conceptualising psychopathology, and future research directions are discussed. Crown Copyright (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.	[Hurst, Jessie E.; Kavanagh, Phillip S.] Univ South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia	Kavanagh, PS (reprint author), Univ South Australia, Sch Psychol Social Work & Social Policy, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.	phil.kavanagh@unisa.edu.au		Kavanagh, Phil/0000-0003-1090-4188			Akiskal KK, 2005, J AFFECT DISORDERS, V85, P231, DOI 10.1016/j.jad.2004.08.002; American Psychiatric Association, 2013, DSM 5 SELF RAT LEV 1; American Psychiatric Association, 2013, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT; American Psychiatric Association, 2000, DIAGN STAT MAN MENT; Andrews PW, 2009, PSYCHOL REV, V116, P620, DOI 10.1037/a0016242; BARTHOLOMEW K, 1991, J PERS SOC PSYCHOL, V61, P226, DOI 10.1037//0022-3514.61.2.226; Beauchaine TP, 2013, CHILD ADOLESCENT PSY, P111; BUSS AH, 1992, J PERS SOC PSYCHOL, V63, P452, DOI 10.1037/0022-3514.63.3.452; Buss D., 2005, HDB EVOLUTIONARY PSY; Buss DM, 1997, CLIN PSYCHOL REV, V17, P605, DOI 10.1016/S0272-7358(97)00037-8; Campbell A, 2008, BIOL PSYCHOL, V77, P1, DOI 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2007.09.001; Chisholm JS, 1996, HUM NATURE-INT BIOS, V7, P1, DOI 10.1007/BF02733488; CHISHOLM JS, 1993, CURR ANTHROPOL, V34, P1, DOI 10.1086/204131; Coccaro EF, 1997, PSYCHIAT RES, V73, P147, DOI 10.1016/S0165-1781(97)00119-4; Crawford C, 2000, ANN NY ACAD SCI, V907, P21; Crawford TN, 2006, J PERS DISORD, V20, P331, DOI 10.1521/pedi.2006.20.4.331; CRICK NR, 1995, CHILD DEV, V66, P710, DOI 10.2307/1131945; DALY M, 1985, ETHOL SOCIOBIOL, V6, P197, DOI 10.1016/0162-3095(85)90012-3; Del Giudice M, 2014, PSYCHOL INQ, V25, P261, DOI 10.1080/1047840X.2014.884918; DRAPER P, 1982, J ANTHROPOL RES, V38, P255, DOI 10.1086/jar.38.3.3629848; Dunkel CS, 2011, PERS INDIV DIFFER, V51, P34, DOI 10.1016/j.paid.2011.03.005; Ellis B. 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JAN	2017	38	1					1	8		10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2016.06.001				8	Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences; Social Sciences, Biomedical	Psychology; Behavioral Sciences; Biomedical Social Sciences	EG9AS	WOS:000391350000001					2019-02-21	
J	Voland, E; Willfuhr, KP				Voland, Eckart; Willfuehr, Kai P.			Why does paternal death accelerate the transition to first marriage in the C18-C19 Krummhorn population?	EVOLUTION AND HUMAN BEHAVIOR			English	Article						Paternal absence effect; Krummhorn; Family reconstitution study; Sibling interaction	PARENT-OFFSPRING CONFLICT; LIFE-HISTORY THEORY; FATHER ABSENCE; REPRODUCTIVE STRATEGY; INVESTMENT; MATURATION; EVOLUTION; MENARCHE; OUTCOMES; SUCCESS	Among the population of the Krummhorn region (Ostfriesland, Germany) in the 18th and 19th centuries, the death of the father in the family led on average to the accelerated marriage of his children. Three evolutionary explanations are offered for this "paternal absence" effect in the literature: namely, (i) the assumption of an adaptive "psychosocial acceleration" of the children with prepubertal experience of uncertainty; (ii) an opportunistic adjustment of life and reproduction decisions as an adaptive reaction to the personal cost-benefit balances that are changed by the father's death; and (iii) given the genetic parent-offspring conflict, an increase in the reproductive autonomy of offspring after the loss of the dominant father figure. Our models, which are based on the analyses of the vital statistics data derived from church registers and tax rolls and compiled into a family reconstitution study, attribute the greatest explanatory power for the patterns found in the Krummhorn to the opportunistic adjustment approach (ii). (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.	[Voland, Eckart] Univ Giessen, Inst Philosophy, Rathenaustr 8, D-35394 Giessen, Germany; [Willfuehr, Kai P.] Max Planck Inst Demog Res, Konrad Zuse Str 1, D-18057 Rostock, Germany	Voland, E (reprint author), Univ Giessen, Inst Philosophy, Rathenaustr 8, D-35394 Giessen, Germany.	eckart.voland@phil.uni-giessen.de; willfuehr@demogr.mpg.de			Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [Vo 310/16-1]	We thank two anonymous reviewers for their very helpful comments and Jonathan F. Fox for his highly valuable input and advice on modeling. Financial support came from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Vo 310/16-1.	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Hum. Behav.	JAN	2017	38	1					125	135		10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2016.08.001				11	Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences; Social Sciences, Biomedical	Psychology; Behavioral Sciences; Biomedical Social Sciences	EG9AS	WOS:000391350000015		Other Gold			2019-02-21	
J	Young, CM; Cain, KE; Svedin, N; Backwell, PRY; Pryke, SR				Young, Catherine M.; Cain, Kristal E.; Svedin, Nina; Backwell, Patricia R. Y.; Pryke, Sarah R.			Nesting Success in Crimson Finches: Chance or Choice?	ETHOLOGY			English	Article						nest predation; nest defence; nest-site; breeding success	LIFE-HISTORY EVOLUTION; DEFENSE BEHAVIOR; SYLVIA-ATRICAPILLA; PARENTAL BEHAVIOR; NEOCHMIA-PHAETON; PREDATION RISK; NORTH-AMERICA; CLUTCH-SIZE; BIRDS; SITE	In avian systems, nest predation is one of the most significant influences on reproductive success. Selection for mechanisms and behaviours to minimise predation rates should be favoured. To avoid predation, breeding birds can often deter predators through active nest defence or by modifying behaviours around the nest (e.g. reducing feeding rates and vocalisations). Birds might also benefit from concealing nests or placing them in inaccessible locations. The relative importance of these strategies (behaviour vs. site selection) can be difficult to disentangle and may differ according to life history. Tropical birds are thought to experience higher rates of predation than temperate birds and invest less energy in nest defence. We monitored a population of crimson finches (Neochmia phaeton), in the Australian tropics, over two breeding seasons. We found no relationship between adult nest defence behaviour (towards a model reptile predator) and the likelihood of nest success. However, nest success was strongly related to the visibility of the nest and the structure of the vegetation. We found no evidence that adult nest building decisions were influenced by predation risk; individuals that re-nested after a predation event did not build their nest in a more concealed location. Therefore, predator avoidance, and hence nest success, appears to be largely due to chance rather than due to the behaviour of the birds or their choice of nesting sites. To escape high predation pressures, multiple nesting attempts both within and between seasons may be necessary to increase reproductive success. Alternatively, birds may be limited in their nest-site options; that is, high-quality individuals dominate quality nest sites.	[Young, Catherine M.; Cain, Kristal E.; Svedin, Nina; Backwell, Patricia R. Y.; Pryke, Sarah R.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, Div Ecol Evolut & Genet, Bldg 44 Daley Rd, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia	Young, CM (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, Div Ecol Evolut & Genet, Bldg 44 Daley Rd, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.	catherine.young@anu.edu.au	Backwell, Patricia/C-8883-2009	Cain, Kristal/0000-0002-6908-7015	Australian Research Council; A.N.U PhD scholarship; Australian Bird Study Association	This work was supported by Australian Research Council Grants (S.R.P), an A.N.U PhD scholarship (C.M.Y) and a Fund for Avian Research grant from The Australian Bird Study Association (C.M.Y). We thank Fiona Finch and Sophie Keats for help in the field as well as Save The Gouldian Fund for providing access to their field station. We are grateful to David Hamilton and reviewers for helpful comments on the manuscript, Thomas Merkling and Liam Bailey for assistance with R software. 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J	Murillo-Rincon, AP; Kolter, NA; Laurila, A; Orizaola, G				Murillo-Rincon, Andrea P.; Kolter, Nora A.; Laurila, Anssi; Orizaola, German			Intraspecific priority effects modify compensatory responses to changes in hatching phenology in an amphibian	JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY			English	Article						amphibians; compensatory growth; competition; development; life-history strategies; metamorphosis; phenology; synchrony	EXPERIMENTAL POND COMMUNITIES; LIFE-HISTORY PLASTICITY; TIME CONSTRAINTS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ANURAN LARVAE; LOCAL ADAPTATION; INTERFERENCE COMPETITION; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; AMBYSTOMA-TALPOIDEUM; GEOGRAPHIC-VARIATION	1. In seasonal environments, modifications in the phenology of life-history events can alter the strength of time constraints experienced by organisms. Offspring can compensate for a change in timing of hatching by modifying their growth and development trajectories. However, intra-and interspecific interactions may affect these compensatory responses, in particular if differences in phenology between cohorts lead to significant priority effects (i.e. the competitive advantage that early-hatching individuals have over late-hatching ones). 2. Here, we conducted a factorial experiment to determine whether intraspecific priority effects can alter compensatory phenotypic responses to hatching delay in a synchronic breeder by rearing moor frog (Rana arvalis) tadpoles in different combinations of phenological delay and food abundance. 3. Tadpoles compensated for the hatching delay by speeding up their development, but only when reared in groups of individuals with identical hatching phenology. In mixed phenology groups, strong competitive effects by non-delayed tadpoles prevented the compensatory responses and delayed larvae metamorphosed later than in single phenology treatments. Non-delayed individuals gained advantage from developing with delayed larvae by increasing their developmental and growth rates as compared to single phenology groups. 4. Food shortage prolonged larval period and reduced mass at metamorphosis in all treatments, but it did not prevent compensatory developmental responses in larvae reared in single phenology groups. 5. This study demonstrates that strong intraspecific priority effects can constrain the compensatory growth and developmental responses to phenological change, and that priority effects can be an important factor explaining the maintenance of synchronic life histories (i.e. explosive breeding) in seasonal environments.	[Murillo-Rincon, Andrea P.; Kolter, Nora A.; Laurila, Anssi; Orizaola, German] Uppsala Univ, Anim Ecol, Dept Ecol & Genet, Evolutionary Biol Ctr, S-75236 Uppsala, Sweden; [Murillo-Rincon, Andrea P.] Christian Albrechts Univ Kiel, Inst Zool, D-24118 Kiel, Germany	Orizaola, G (reprint author), Uppsala Univ, Anim Ecol, Dept Ecol & Genet, Evolutionary Biol Ctr, S-75236 Uppsala, Sweden.	german.orizaola@ebc.uu.se	Orizaola, German/A-5217-2008	Orizaola, German/0000-0002-6748-966X	Helge Ax:son Johnsons Stiftelse; Stiftelsen Oscar och Lili Lamms Minne [FO2011-0004]; Spanish Ministry of Education and Culture [MEC2007-0944]; Formas [2007-903]	We thank Frank Johansson and Alex Richter-Boix for comments on a previous draft of the manuscript. Comments from the Associate Editor and three anonymous reviewers significantly improved the final version of the manuscript. The animals were collected with a permit from Uppsala County Board (521-3019-09), and the experiment was conducted with a permit from the Ethical committee for Animal Experiments in Uppsala (C92/9). This study was supported by Helge Ax:son Johnsons Stiftelse (to GO), Stiftelsen Oscar och Lili Lamms Minne (grant FO2011-0004; to GO), Spanish Ministry of Education and Culture (postdoctoral fellowship MEC2007-0944; to GO) and Formas (2007-903; to AL).	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Anim. Ecol.	JAN	2017	86	1					128	135		10.1111/1365-2656.12605				8	Ecology; Zoology	Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology	EF4TR	WOS:000390325400014	27779740	Bronze			2019-02-21	
S	King, B; Harris, BP; Rose, CS			IEEE	King, Brianna; Harris, Bradley P.; Rose, Craig S.			Quantifying seafloor contact in commercial fishing gear	OCEANS 2017 - ANCHORAGE	OCEANS-IEEE		English	Proceedings Paper	Conference on OCEANS	SEP 18-21, 2017	Anchorage, AK			commercial fishing; conservation engineering; engineering; seafloor; bottom contact; sensors	MARINE-BENTHOS	All commercial fishery species harvested globally either live on or near the seabed (also referred to as the benthos or benthic environment) or employ life history strategies or behaviors linked to benthic processes. The act of pursuing and catching benthic and demersal species requires operating fishing gear on or very near the seabed, resulting in direct gear-seabed contact. It is essential to further quantify bottom contact, given that contact made by commercial fishing gear with the benthos is considered one of the most significant human impacts on the oceanic environment. There are several devices that measure bottom contact; these devices, however, usually address only one point of contact, such as the center of the footrope, when other components of the fishing gear may be making contact as well. An NPRB-funded study by Rose et al. (2016) used multiple bottom contact sensors (accelerometers) hung from the footrope of a trawl net to quantify bottom contact; however, this study was not conducted under real fishing conditions (the codend was open). Rose et al. provided statistical analyses of the gear configurations as they relate to habitat susceptibility, but examination in terms of components, material, and clearance was beyond the scope of the work. Here I propose an algorithm to examine these covariates as estimators of habitat susceptibility by reassessing the imagery/data from the field, constructing quantitative models based on these covariates, re-running the applicable models, and examining the spatial distribution of seabed clearance for each material and component combination. These data, along with an assessment of the current state of science and technology in bottom contact sensors, will aid in determining the best methods for measuring bottom contact and/orseabed clearance in future field-based portions of this study	[King, Brianna; Harris, Bradley P.] Alaska Pacific Univ, FAST Lab, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA; [Rose, Craig S.] FishNext Res, Seattle, WA USA	King, B (reprint author), Alaska Pacific Univ, FAST Lab, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.	bking@alaskapacific.edu; bharris@alaskapacific.edu; fishnextresearch@gmail.com					Borcard D, 2011, USE R, P1, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-7976-6; Cressie N., 1993, STAT SPATIAL DATA; Deleanu D., 2008, CONSTANTA MARIT U AN, V11, P341; Grabowski JH, 2014, REV FISH SCI AQUAC, V22, P142, DOI 10.1080/10641262.2013.846292; Isaaks EH, 1989, INTRO APPL GEOSTATIS; Kaiser MJ, 2016, FISH FISH, V17, P637, DOI 10.1111/faf.12134; National Research Council Committee on Ecosystem Effects of Fishing, 2002, EFF TRAWL DREDG SEAF; New England Fishery Management Council (NEFMC), 2011, SWEPT AR SEAB IMP SA; NMFS, 2015, FISH US 2015; Rose C. S., 2016, 1319 NPRB; Rose CS, 1998, FISH RES, V36, P139, DOI 10.1016/S0165-7836(98)00099-X; Watling L, 1998, CONSERV BIOL, V12, P1178, DOI 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1998.0120061178.x	12	0	0	0	0	IEEE	NEW YORK	345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA	0197-7385			OCEANS-IEEE			2017														4	Engineering, Marine; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography	Engineering; Oceanography	BL7GR	WOS:000455012000173					2019-02-21	
J	Sethi, SA; Gerken, J; Ashline, J				Sethi, Suresh Andrew; Gerken, Jonathon; Ashline, Joshua			Accurate aging of juvenile salmonids using fork lengths	FISHERIES RESEARCH			English	Article						Aging; Juvenile fish; Length frequency; Mixture models; Pacific salmon	TUNA THUNNUS-MACCOYII; FREQUENCY DATA; AGE VALIDATION; COHO SALMON; GROWTH; SIZE; STEELHEAD; DENSITY; HABITAT; STREAMS	Juvenile salmon life history strategies, survival, and habitat interactions may vary by age cohort. However, aging individual juvenile fish using scale reading is time consuming and can be error prone. Fork length data are routinely measured while sampling juvenile salmonids. We explore the performance of aging juvenile fish based solely on fork length data, using finite Gaussian mixture models to describe multimodal size distributions and estimate optimal age-discriminating length thresholds. Fork length-based ages are compared against a validation set of juvenile coho salmon, Oncorynchus kisutch, aged by scales. Results for juvenile coho salmon indicate greater than 95% accuracy can be achieved by aging fish using length thresholds estimated from mixture models. Highest accuracy is achieved when aged fish are compared to length thresholds generated from samples from the same drainage, time of year, and habitat type (lentic versus lotic), although relatively high aging accuracy can still be achieved when thresholds are extrapolated to fish from populations in different years or drainages. Fork length-based aging thresholds are applicable for taxa for which multiple age cohorts coexist sympatrically. Where applicable, the method of aging individual fish is relatively quick to implement and can avoid ager interpretation bias common in scale-based aging. Published by Elsevier B.V.	[Sethi, Suresh Andrew] Cornell Univ, New York Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, 211 Fernow Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA; [Gerken, Jonathon; Ashline, Joshua] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage Field Off, 4700 BLM Rd, Anchorage, AK 99507 USA	Sethi, SA (reprint author), Cornell Univ, New York Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, 211 Fernow Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.	suresh.sethi@cornell.edu			Alaska Sustainable Salmon Fund; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological Survey	We thank two anonymous reviwers, A.E. Punt, and other journal editorial staff for comments that improved this article. Funding for this project was provided by the Alaska Sustainable Salmon Fund, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the U.S. Geological Survey. We thank the private landowners throughout the Big Lake watershed and the Alaska Department of fish and game for providing access for study sampling. Numerous U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service field technicians are thanked for their sampling efforts. The findings and conclusions in this article are those,of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.	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J	Jonason, PK; Zeigler-Hill, V; Okan, C				Jonason, Peter K.; Zeigler-Hill, Virgil; Okan, Ceylan			Good v. evil: Predicting sinning with dark personality traits and moral foundations	PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES			English	Article						Narcissism; Psychopathy; Machiavellianism; Sadism; Spitefulness; Morality; Sins	TRIAD; BEHAVIORS; INVENTORY; DIRTY	Using life history theory, we provided (N = 1236) insight into individual differences in the engagement in human vice or sin (e.g., lust) by examining individual differences in dark personality traits and morality. Moral foundations were associated with sin through the individualizing aspects of morality. Dark personality traits accounted for almost six times more variance in individual differences in sinning than the moral foundations which suggests that it is personality rather than morality that is responsible for sinning behaviors. While sadism and spitefulness accounted for unique and significantly more variance, this was a small and specialized amount We replicated effects suggesting men are more strongly embodied by dark personality traits and behaviors than women are, and women are more morally virtuous than men are, but showed these sex differences were a function of dark personality traits in particular and moral foundations. Overwhelmingly, dark personality traits trump participant' sex and moral foundations. in accounting for variance in sin. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	[Jonason, Peter K.; Okan, Ceylan] Univ Western Sydney, Penrith, NSW 1797, Australia; [Zeigler-Hill, Virgil] Oakland Univ, Rochester, MI 48063 USA	Jonason, PK (reprint author), Univ Western Sydney, Sch Social Sci & Psychol, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.	p.jonason@westernsydney.edu.au					Brumbach BH, 2009, HUM NATURE-INT BIOS, V20, P25, DOI 10.1007/s12110-009-9059-3; Buckels EE, 2013, PSYCHOL SCI, V24, P2201, DOI 10.1177/0956797613490749; Campbell J, 2009, TWIN RES HUM GENET, V12, P132, DOI 10.1375/twin.12.2.132; Christie R, 1970, STUDIES MACHIAVELLIA; CRAWFORD CB, 1989, AM PSYCHOL, V44, P1449, DOI 10.1037/0003-066X.44.12.1449; de Waal F., 1996, GOOD NATURED; Figueredo AJ, 2015, EVOL PSYCHOL-US, V13, P435; Gioia GA, 2000, CHILD NEUROPSYCHOL, V6, P235, DOI 10.1076/chin.6.3.235.3152; Graham J, 2011, J PERS SOC PSYCHOL, V101, P366, DOI 10.1037/a0021847; Hayes AF, 2013, INTRO MEDIATION MODE; Henrich J, 2010, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V33, P61, DOI 10.1017/S0140525X0999152X; James S, 2014, PERS INDIV DIFFER, V68, P211, DOI 10.1016/j.paid.2014.04.020; Jonason PK, 2015, PERS INDIV DIFFER, V81, P102, DOI 10.1016/j.paid.2014.10.045; Jonason PK, 2015, PERS INDIV DIFFER, V78, P43, DOI 10.1016/j.paid.2015.01.028; Jonason PK, 2013, EVOL PSYCHOL-US, V11, P172, DOI 10.1177/147470491301100116; Jonason PK, 2012, REV GEN PSYCHOL, V16, P192, DOI 10.1037/a0027914; Jonason PK, 2010, PSYCHOL ASSESSMENT, V22, P420, DOI 10.1037/a0019265; Jonason PK, 2009, EUR J PERSONALITY, V23, P5, DOI 10.1002/per.698; Jones DN, 2015, PERS INDIV DIFFER, V86, P360, DOI 10.1016/j.paid.2015.06.021; Kajonius PJ, 2015, PERS INDIV DIFFER, V77, P173, DOI 10.1016/j.paid.2014.12.055; Kavanagh PS, 2013, PERS INDIV DIFFER, V55, P666, DOI 10.1016/j.paid.2013.05.019; Marcus DK, 2014, PSYCHOL ASSESSMENT, V26, P563, DOI 10.1037/a0036039; Medina John J., 2000, GENETIC INFERNO INSI; Paulhus D. L., 2013, COMPREHENSIVE UNPUB; Paulhus D. L., 2009, MANUAL SELF REPORT P; Paulhus DL, 2002, J RES PERS, V36, P556, DOI 10.1016/S0092-6566(02)00505-6; RASKIN R, 1988, J PERS SOC PSYCHOL, V54, P890, DOI 10.1037//0022-3514.54.5.890; Schimmel S., 1997, 7 DEADLY SINS JEWISH; Veselka L, 2014, PERS INDIV DIFFER, V67, P75, DOI 10.1016/j.paid.2014.01.055; Wilson E.O., 1975, P1	30	11	11	1	37	PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD	OXFORD	THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND	0191-8869			PERS INDIV DIFFER	Pers. Individ. Differ.	JAN	2017	104						180	185		10.1016/j.paid.2016.08.002				6	Psychology, Social	Psychology	EA2DG	WOS:000386402400029					2019-02-21	
J	Eikeset, AM; Dunlop, ES; Heino, M; Storvik, G; Stenseth, NC; Dieckmann, U				Eikeset, Anne Maria; Dunlop, Erin S.; Heino, Mikko; Storvik, Geir; Stenseth, Nils C.; Dieckmann, Ulf			Roles of density-dependent growth and life history evolution in accounting for fisheries-induced trait changes	PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA			English	Article						phenotypic plasticity; eco-evolutionary dynamics; management; genetic adaptation; genetic variance	NORTHEAST ARCTIC COD; MATURATION REACTION NORMS; EXPLOITED FISH STOCKS; ECO-GENETIC MODEL; LONG-TERM CHANGES; GADUS-MORHUA; ATLANTIC COD; SELECTIVE MORTALITY; SIZE; CONSEQUENCES	The relative roles of density dependence and life history evolution in contributing to rapid fisheries-induced trait changes remain debated. In the 1930s, northeast Arctic cod (Gadus morhua), currently the world's largest cod stock, experienced a shift from a traditional spawning-ground fishery to an industrial trawl fishery with elevated exploitation in the stock's feeding grounds. Since then, age and length at maturation have declined dramatically, a trend paralleled in other exploited stocks worldwide. These trends can be explained by demographic truncation of the population's age structure, phenotypic plasticity in maturation arising through density-dependent growth, fisheries-induced evolution favoring faster-growing or earlier-maturing fish, or a combination of these processes. Here, we use a multitrait eco-evolutionary model to assess the capacity of these processes to reproduce 74 y of historical data on age and length at maturation in northeast Arctic cod, while mimicking the stock's historical harvesting regime. Our results show that model predictions critically depend on the assumed density dependence of growth: when this is weak, life history evolution might be necessary to prevent stock collapse, whereas when a stronger density dependence estimated from recent data is used, the role of evolution in explaining fisheries-induced trait changes is diminished. Our integrative analysis of density-dependent growth, multitrait evolution, and stock-specific time series data underscores the importance of jointly considering evolutionary and ecological processes, enabling a more comprehensive perspective on empirically observed stock dynamics than previous studies could provide.	[Eikeset, Anne Maria; Stenseth, Nils C.] Univ Oslo, Dept Biol, N-0316 Oslo, Norway; [Eikeset, Anne Maria; Stenseth, Nils C.] Univ Oslo, CEES, N-0316 Oslo, Norway; [Eikeset, Anne Maria; Dunlop, Erin S.; Heino, Mikko; Dieckmann, Ulf] Int Inst Appl Syst Anal, Evolut & Ecol Program, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria; [Eikeset, Anne Maria] Princeton Univ, Ctr BioComplex, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA; [Eikeset, Anne Maria] Princeton Univ, Princeton Environm Inst, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA; [Eikeset, Anne Maria] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA; [Dunlop, Erin S.] Ontario Minist Nat Resources & Forestry, Aquat Res & Monitoring Sect, Peterborough, ON K9L 0G2, Canada; [Dunlop, Erin S.; Heino, Mikko] Inst Marine Res, N-5817 Bergen, Norway; [Dunlop, Erin S.; Heino, Mikko] Univ Bergen, Dept Biol, N-5020 Bergen, Norway; [Dunlop, Erin S.; Heino, Mikko] Univ Bergen, Hjort Ctr Marine Ecosyst Dynam, N-5020 Bergen, Norway; [Storvik, Geir] Univ Oslo, Stat Div, Dept Math, N-0316 N- Oslo, Norway	Eikeset, AM; Stenseth, NC (reprint author), Univ Oslo, Dept Biol, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.; Eikeset, AM; Stenseth, NC (reprint author), Univ Oslo, CEES, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.; Eikeset, AM (reprint author), Int Inst Appl Syst Anal, Evolut & Ecol Program, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria.; Eikeset, AM (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Ctr BioComplex, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.; Eikeset, AM (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Princeton Environm Inst, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.; Eikeset, AM (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.	a.m.eikeset@ibv.uio.no; n.c.stenseth@ibv.uio.no	Heino, Mikko/C-7241-2009	Heino, Mikko/0000-0003-2928-3940; Dieckmann, Ulf/0000-0001-7089-0393; Storvik, Geir Olve/0000-0001-8198-1426	Norwegian Research Council; NordForsk (GreenMAR); Bergen Research Foundation; European Research Training Network on Fisheries-Induced Adaptive Changes in Exploited Stocks (FishACE) [MRTN-CT-2204-005578]; European Specific Targeted Research Programme on Fisheries-induced Evolution (FinE) [SSP-2006-044276]; European Science Foundation; Austrian Science Fund; Austrian Ministry of Science and Research; Vienna Science and Technology Fund	We are grateful to the Research Computing Services at the University of Oslo for access to computing resources crucial for this study. We thank A. Hylen, K. Nedreaas, B. Bogstad, and O. S. Kjesbu for kindly providing data on biomass and reproduction, and C. T. Marshall for data on length at age. We sincerely appreciate comments provided by J. Hutchings, C. T. Marshall, N. L. Hjort, O. R. Godo, T. Hansen, B. Shuter, K. Brander, and E. Kenchington, and discussions with K. Enberg and C. Jorgensen on the model and results. This work was supported by the Norwegian Research Council (A.M.E., E.S.D., M.H., and N. C. S.), NordForsk (GreenMAR) (A.M.E. and N. C. S.), the Bergen Research Foundation (M.H.), the European Research Training Network on Fisheries-Induced Adaptive Changes in Exploited Stocks (FishACE; Grant MRTN-CT-2204-005578) (to E.S.D., M.H., and U.D.), the European Specific Targeted Research Programme on Fisheries-induced Evolution (FinE; Grant SSP-2006-044276) (to A.M.E., E.S.D., M.H., N. C. 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Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.	DEC 27	2016	113	52					15030	15035		10.1073/pnas.1525749113				6	Multidisciplinary Sciences	Science & Technology - Other Topics	EG5NL	WOS:000391090800046	27940913	Green Published, Bronze			2019-02-21	
J	Boratynski, Z; Arias, JM; Garcia, C; Mappes, T; Mousseau, TA; Moller, AP; Pajares, AJM; Piwczynski, M; Tukalenko, E				Boratynski, Zbyszek; Arias, Javi Miranda; Garcia, Cristina; Mappes, Tapio; Mousseau, Timothy A.; Moller, Anders P.; Munoz Pajares, Antonio Jesus; Piwczynski, Marcin; Tukalenko, Eugene			Ionizing radiation from Chernobyl affects development of wild carrot plants	SCIENTIFIC REPORTS			English	Article							LIFE-HISTORY EVOLUTION; TRADE-OFFS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; ADAPTATION; GROWTH; EXPRESSION; ANIMALS; DNA; POPULATIONS; FUKUSHIMA	Radioactivity released from disasters like Chernobyl and Fukushima is a global hazard and a threat to exposed biota. To minimize the deleterious effects of stressors organisms adopt various strategies. Plants, for example, may delay germination or stay dormant during stressful periods. However, an intense stress may halt germination or heavily affect various developmental stages and select for life history changes. Here, we test for the consequence of exposure to ionizing radiation on plant development. We conducted a common garden experiment in an uncontaminated greenhouse using 660 seeds originating from 33 wild carrots (Daucus carota) collected near the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. These maternal plants had been exposed to radiation levels that varied by three orders of magnitude. We found strong negative effects of elevated radiation on the timing and rates of seed germination. In addition, later stages of development and the timing of emergence of consecutive leaves were delayed by exposure to radiation. We hypothesize that low quality of resources stored in seeds, damaged DNA, or both, delayed development and halted germination of seeds from plants exposed to elevated levels of ionizing radiation. We propose that high levels of spatial heterogeneity in background radiation may hamper adaptive life history responses.	[Boratynski, Zbyszek; Arias, Javi Miranda; Garcia, Cristina; Munoz Pajares, Antonio Jesus] Univ Porto, Associated Lab, Res Ctr Biodivers & Genet Resources, CIBIO InBIO, P-4485661 Vairao, PT, Portugal; [Boratynski, Zbyszek; Mappes, Tapio; Tukalenko, Eugene] Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, POB 35, FI-40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland; [Mousseau, Timothy A.] Univ South Carolina, Dept Biol Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA; [Mousseau, Timothy A.] Chubu Univ, Dept Environm Biol, Kasugai, Aichi 4878501, Japan; [Moller, Anders P.] Univ Paris Sud, CNRS UMR 8079, Lab Ecol Systemat & Evolut, Batiment 362, F-91405 Orsay, France; [Piwczynski, Marcin] Nicolaus Copernicus Univ, Chair Ecol & Biogeog, Lwowska 1, PL-87100 Torun, Poland; [Tukalenko, Eugene] Taras Shevchenko Natl Univ Kyiv, Inst Biol, UA-03022 Kiev, Ukraine	Boratynski, Z (reprint author), Univ Porto, Associated Lab, Res Ctr Biodivers & Genet Resources, CIBIO InBIO, P-4485661 Vairao, PT, Portugal.; Boratynski, Z (reprint author), Univ Jyvaskyla, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, POB 35, FI-40014 Jyvaskyla, Finland.	boratyns@jyu.fi	Piwczynski, Marcin/E-4016-2014	Piwczynski, Marcin/0000-0002-1756-5580; Munoz-Pajares, A. Jesus/0000-0002-2505-8116; Boratynski, Zbyszek/0000-0003-4668-4922; GARCIA, CRISTINA/0000-0001-7970-1245	Academy of Finland [268670]; Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) [RH/BPD/84822/2012, SFRH/BPD/111015/2015]; Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) - European Program COMPETE [FCT-ANR/BIA-BIC/0010/2013, PTDC/BIA-BIC/5223/2014, FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-019772]; Project "Genomics and Evolutionary Biology" - North Portugal Regional Operational Programme (ON.2 - O Novo Norte) under the National Strategic Reference Framework (NSRF), through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF); Polish National Science Centre [2015/18/E/NZ8/00716]; Samuel Freeman Charitable Trust; CNRS (France); American Council of Learned Societies; University of South Carolina College of Arts and Sciences	We gratefully acknowledge the help and support of Gennadi Milinevsky, Laura Martinez-Rodriguez, Margarida Isabel Oliveira Barros and Ricardo Guerreiro during field work and greenhouse experiment, and Nikolaos Evangeliou for help in calculations of exposure to ground contamination (http://radio.nilu.no). The study was financially supported by the Academy of Finland to TM (Grant No. 268670). AJMP and ZB were funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT: RH/BPD/84822/2012 and SFRH/BPD/111015/2015). CG was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) through the Investigador Programme and two research grants (FCT-ANR/BIA-BIC/0010/2013 and PTDC/BIA-BIC/5223/2014) co-funded by the European Program COMPETE (FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-019772), and by the Project "Genomics and Evolutionary Biology" cofinanced by North Portugal Regional Operational Programme 2007/2013 (ON.2 - O Novo Norte), under the National Strategic Reference Framework (NSRF), through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). MP was supported by the Polish National Science Centre (grant no. 2015/18/E/NZ8/00716). Additional support to TAM and APM came from the Samuel Freeman Charitable Trust, the CNRS (France), the American Council of Learned Societies, and the University of South Carolina College of Arts and Sciences.	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J	Jourdan, J; Krause, ST; Lazar, VM; Zimmer, C; Sommer-Trembo, C; Arias-Rodriguez, L; Klaus, S; Riesch, R; Plath, M				Jourdan, Jonas; Krause, Sarah T.; Lazar, V. Max; Zimmer, Claudia; Sommer-Trembo, Carolin; Arias-Rodriguez, Lenin; Klaus, Sebastian; Riesch, Rudiger; Plath, Martin			Shared and unique patterns of phenotypic diversification along a stream gradient in two congeneric species	SCIENTIFIC REPORTS			English	Article							LIFE-HISTORY EVOLUTION; GUPPY POECILIA-RETICULATA; FISH BRACHYRHAPHIS-RHABDOPHORA; GAMBUSIA-EURYSTOMA MILLER; TOXIC HYDROGEN-SULFIDE; SEXUAL SIZE DIMORPHISM; LIVEBEARING FISH; POSTPLEISTOCENE RADIATION; ECOLOGICAL SPECIATION; MEXICANA POECILIIDAE	Stream ecosystems show gradual variation of various selection factors, which can result in a zonation of species distributions and gradient evolution of morphological and life-history traits within species. Identifying the selective agents underlying such phenotypic evolution is challenging as different species could show shared and/or unique (species-specific) responses to components of the river gradient. We studied a stream gradient inhabited by two mosquitofishes (genus Gambusia) in the Rio Grijalva basin in southern Mexico and found a patchy distribution pattern of both congeners along a stretch of 100 km, whereby one species was usually dominant at a given site. We uncovered both shared and unique patterns of diversification: some components of the stream gradient, including differences in piscine predation pressure, drove shared patterns of phenotypic divergence, especially in females. Other components of the gradient, particularly abiotic factors (max. annual temperature and temperature range) resulted in unique patterns of divergence, especially in males. Our study highlights the complexity of selective regimes in stream ecosystems. It exemplifies that even closely related, congeneric species can respond in unique ways to the same components of the river gradient and shows how both sexes can exhibit quite different patterns of divergence in multivariate phenotypic character suites.	[Jourdan, Jonas; Zimmer, Claudia; Plath, Martin] Northwest A&F UNiv, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China; [Jourdan, Jonas; Krause, Sarah T.; Lazar, V. Max; Zimmer, Claudia; Sommer-Trembo, Carolin; Klaus, Sebastian] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Max von Laue Str 13, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany; [Jourdan, Jonas] Senckenberg Res Inst, Dept River Ecol & Conservat, Gelnhausen, Germany; [Jourdan, Jonas] Nat Hist Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany; [Arias-Rodriguez, Lenin] Univ Juarez Autonoma Tabasco, Div Acad Ciencias Biol, Villahermosa 86150, Tabasco, Mexico; [Riesch, Rudiger] Royal Holloway Univ London, Sch Biol Sci, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England	Jourdan, J (reprint author), Northwest A&F UNiv, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.; Jourdan, J (reprint author), Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Max von Laue Str 13, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany.; Jourdan, J (reprint author), Senckenberg Res Inst, Dept River Ecol & Conservat, Gelnhausen, Germany.; Jourdan, J (reprint author), Nat Hist Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany.	JonasJourdan@googlemail.com	Riesch, Rudiger/A-5787-2008; Jourdan, Jonas/Y-7389-2018	Riesch, Rudiger/0000-0002-0223-1254; Klaus, Sebastian/0000-0001-5822-7978; ARIAS RODRIGUEZ, LENIN/0000-0002-8025-5569; Jourdan, Jonas/0000-0002-2745-2520	Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Frankfurt a. M; 'LOEWE-Landes-Offensive zur Entwicklung Wissenschaftlich-okonomischer Exzellenz' of Hesse's Ministry of Higher Education, Research, and the Arts	We thank J.R. Indy, A.L.D'artola Barcelo, K. Lipkowski, S. Hornung, and Y. Verel for helping us collect fish. We are indebted to R. Velazquez Pacheco for giving us the opportunity to use the facilities of the Centro de Investigacion e Innovacion para la Ensenanza y el Apredizaje in Teapa. The present study was supported by the Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Frankfurt a. M. Funding was provided by the research funding programme 'LOEWE-Landes-Offensive zur Entwicklung Wissenschaftlich-okonomischer Exzellenz' of Hesse's Ministry of Higher Education, Research, and the Arts. Collection of fish and experimental work in Mexico were conducted under the authorization and regulations of the Mexican Federal Agency CONAPESCA: PRMN/DGOPA-003/2014 and PRMN/DGOPA-009/2015.	Allan J. 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J	de Souza, FC; Dexter, KG; Phillips, OL; Brienen, RJW; Chave, J; Galbraith, DR; Gonzalez, GL; Mendoza, AM; Pennington, RT; Poorter, L; Alexiades, M; Alvarez-Davila, E; Andrade, A; Aragao, LEOC; Araujo-Murakami, A; Arets, EJMM; Aymard, GA; Baraloto, C; Barroso, JG; Bonal, D; Boot, RGA; Camargo, JLC; Comiskey, JA; Valverde, FC; de Camargo, PB; Di Fiore, A; Elias, F; Erwin, TL; Feldpausch, TR; Ferreira, L; Fyllas, NM; Gloor, E; Herault, B; Herrera, R; Higuchi, N; Coronado, ENH; Killeen, TJ; Laurance, WF; Laurance, S; Lloyd, J; Lovejoy, TE; Malhi, Y; Maracahipes, L; Marimon, BS; Marimon, BH; Mendoza, C; Morandi, P; Neill, DA; Vargas, PN; Oliveira, EA; Lenza, E; Palacios, WA; Penuela-Mora, MC; Pipoly, JJ; Pitman, NCA; Prieto, A; Quesada, CA; Ramirez-Angulo, H; Rudas, A; Ruokolainen, K; Salomao, RP; Silveira, M; Stropp, J; ter Steege, H; Thomas-Caesar, R; van der Hout, P; van der Heijden, GMF; van der Meer, PJ; Vasquez, RV; Vieira, SA; Vilanova, E; Vos, VA; Wang, O; Young, KR; Zagt, RJ; Baker, TR				de Souza, Fernanda Coelho; Dexter, Kyle G.; Phillips, Oliver L.; Brienen, Roel J. W.; Chave, Jerome; Galbraith, David R.; Gonzalez, Gabriela Lopez; Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel; Pennington, R. Toby; Poorter, Lourens; Alexiades, Miguel; Alvarez-Davila, Esteban; Andrade, Ana; Aragao, Luis E. O. C.; Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro; Arets, Eric J. M. M.; Aymard C., Gerardo A.; Baraloto, Christopher; Barroso, Jorcely G.; Bonal, Damien; Boot, Rene G. A.; Camargo, Jose L. C.; Comiskey, James A.; Cornejo Valverde, Fernando; de Camargo, Plinio B.; Di Fiore, Anthony; Elias, Fernando; Erwin, Terry L.; Feldpausch, Ted R.; Ferreira, Leandro; Fyllas, Nikolaos M.; Gloor, Emanuel; Herault, Bruno; Herrera, Rafael; Higuchi, Niro; Honorio Coronado, Euridice N.; Killeen, Timothy J.; Laurance, William F.; Laurance, Susan; Lloyd, Jon; Lovejoy, Thomas E.; Malhi, Yadvinder; Maracahipes, Leandro; Marimon, Beatriz S.; Marimon-Junior, Ben H.; Mendoza, Casimiro; Morandi, Paulo; Neill, David A.; Nunez Vargas, Percy; Oliveira, Edmar A.; Lenza, Eddie; Palacios, Walter A.; Penuela-Mora, Maria C.; Pipoly, John J., III; Pitman, Nigel C. A.; Prieto, Adriana; Quesada, Carlos A.; Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma; Rudas, Agustin; Ruokolainen, Kalle; Salomao, Rafael P.; Silveira, Marcos; Stropp, Juliana; ter Steege, Hans; Thomas-Caesar, Raquel; van der Hout, Peter; van der Heijden, Geertje M. F.; van der Meer, Peter J.; Vasquez, Rodolfo V.; Vieira, Simone A.; Vilanova, Emilio; Vos, Vincent A.; Wang, Ophelia; Young, Kenneth R.; Zagt, Roderick J.; Baker, Timothy R.			Evolutionary heritage influences Amazon tree ecology	PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES			English	Article						tropical tree; trait; convergent evolution; divergent selection; phylogenetic signal	PHYLOGENETIC NICHE CONSERVATISM; FUNCTIONAL TRAITS; WOOD DENSITY; RAIN-FOREST; COMMUNITY ECOLOGY; SIGNAL; BIOMASS; GROWTH; PRODUCTIVITY; SIZE	Lineages tend to retain ecological characteristics of their ancestors through time. However, for some traits, selection during evolutionary history may have also played a role in determining trait values. To address the relative importance of these processes requires large-scale quantification of traits and evolutionary relationships among species. The Amazonian tree flora comprises a high diversity of angiosperm lineages and species with widely differing life-history characteristics, providing an excellent system to investigate the combined influences of evolutionary heritage and selection in determining trait variation. We used trait data related to the major axes of life-history variation among tropical trees (e.g. growth and mortality rates) from 577 inventory plots in closed-canopy forest, mapped onto a phylogenetic hypothesis spanning more than 300 genera including all major angiosperm clades to test for evolutionary constraints on traits. We found significant phylogenetic signal (PS) for all traits, consistent with evolutionarily related genera having more similar characteristics than expected by chance. Although there is also evidence for repeated evolution of pioneer and shade tolerant life-history strategies within independent lineages, the existence of significant PS allows clearer predictions of the links between evolutionary diversity, ecosystem function and the response of tropical forests to global change.	[de Souza, Fernanda Coelho; Phillips, Oliver L.; Brienen, Roel J. W.; Galbraith, David R.; Gonzalez, Gabriela Lopez; Aragao, Luis E. O. C.; Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro; Arets, Eric J. M. M.; Aymard C., Gerardo A.; Baraloto, Christopher; Fyllas, Nikolaos M.; Gloor, Emanuel; Baker, Timothy R.] Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England; [Dexter, Kyle G.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, 201 Crew Bldg,Kings Bldg, Edinburgh EH9 3FF, Midlothian, Scotland; [Dexter, Kyle G.; Pennington, R. Toby] Royal Bot Garden Edinburgh, 20a Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, Midlothian, Scotland; [Chave, Jerome] Univ Paul Sabatier, CNRS, UMR 5174, Evolut & Diversite Biol, Batiment 4R1, F-31062 Toulouse, France; [Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel; Vasquez, Rodolfo V.] Jardin Bot Missouri, Prolongac Bolognesi Mz E,Lote 6, Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru; [Poorter, Lourens] Wageningen Univ & Res, Forest Ecol & Forest Management Grp, POB 47, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands; [Alexiades, Miguel] Univ Kent, Sch Anthropol & Conservat, Marlowe Bldg, Canterbury CT2 7NR, Kent, England; [Alvarez-Davila, Esteban] Fdn Con Vida, Cra 48 20-114, Medellin, Colombia; [Andrade, Ana; Camargo, Jose L. C.] INPA, Biol Dynam Forest Fragment Project, CP 478, BR-69011970 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; [Andrade, Ana; Camargo, Jose L. C.] STRI, CP 478, BR-69011970 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil; [Aragao, Luis E. O. C.; Feldpausch, Ted R.] Univ Exeter, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Geog, Exeter EX4 4RJ, Devon, England; [Aragao, Luis E. O. C.] Natl Inst Space Res INPE, Sao Paulo, Brazil; [Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro] Univ Autonoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Museo Hist Nat Noel Kempff Mercado, Casilla 2489,Ave Irala 565, Santa Cruz, Bolivia; [Arets, Eric J. M. M.] Wageningen Univ & Res Ctr, Alterra, POB 47, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands; [Aymard C., Gerardo A.] Herbario Univ PORT, UNELLEZ Guanare, Programa Agro & Mar, Estado Portuguesa 3350, Mesa De Cavacas, Venezuela; [Baraloto, Christopher] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Int Ctr Trop Bot, Miami, FL 33199 USA; [Barroso, Jorcely G.] Univ Fed Acre, Campus Cruzeiro Sul, Acre, Brazil; [Bonal, Damien] INRA, UMR 1137, Ecol & Ecophysiol Forestiere, F-54280 Champenoux, France; [Boot, Rene G. 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A.] Duke Univ, Ctr Trop Conservat, POB 90381, Durham, NC 27708 USA; [Prieto, Adriana; Rudas, Agustin] Univ Ciol Colombia, Doctorado Inst Ciencias Nat, Bogota, Colombia; [Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma] Univ Los Andes, Fac Ciencias Forestales & Ambientales, Inst Invest Desarrollo Forestal INDEFOR, Merida 5101, Venezuela; [Ruokolainen, Kalle] Univ Turku, Dept Geog & Geol, Turku 20014, Finland; [Silveira, Marcos] Univ Fed Acre, Museu Univ, BR-69910900 Rio Branco, AC, Brazil; [Stropp, Juliana] Univ Fed Alagoas, ICBS, Maceio, AL, Brazil; [ter Steege, Hans] Naturalis Biodivers Ctr, Vondellaan 55,Postbus 9517, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands; [Thomas-Caesar, Raquel] Iwokrama Intertiol Ctr Rainforest Conservat & Dev, 77 High St Kingston, Georgetown, Guyana; [van der Hout, Peter] Van der Hout Forestry Consulting, Jan Trooststr 6, NL-3078 HP Rotterdam, Netherlands; [van der Heijden, Geertje M. F.] Univ Nottingham, Sch Geog, Univ Pk, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England; [van der Meer, Peter J.] Van Hall Larenstein Univ Appl Sci, POB 9001, NL-6880 GB Velp, Netherlands; [Vieira, Simone A.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Nucleo Estudos & Pesquisas Ambientais NEPAM, Campinas, SP, Brazil; [Vilanova, Emilio] Univ Los Andes, Fac Ciencias Forest & Ambient, Merida, Venezuela; [Vos, Vincent A.] Ctr Invest & Promoc Campesinado Reg Norte Amazoni, C Nicanor Gonzalo Salvatierra 362,Casilla 16, Riberalta, Bolivia; [Vos, Vincent A.] Univ Autonoma Beni, Campus Univ, Riberalta, Bolivia; [Wang, Ophelia] No Arizona Univ, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA; [Young, Kenneth R.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Geog & Environm, Austin, TX 78712 USA	de Souza, FC (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.	fecoelhos@gmail.com	Silveira, Marcos/H-7906-2013; Marimon Junior, Ben Hur/E-7330-2013; Marimon, Beatriz/J-6389-2012; Feldpausch, Ted/D-3436-2009; Lloyd, Jonathan/F-8893-2010; Lenza, Eddie/E-7232-2013; Elias, Fernando/P-4400-2014; Dexter, Kyle/D-5589-2018; Phillips, Oliver/A-1523-2011; Vieira, Simone/H-1225-2011; Maracahipes, Leandro/F-8674-2012; ter Steege, Hans/B-5866-2011; vieira, Sabrina/X-1702-2018; Herault, Bruno/B-2765-2011; James Cook University, TESS/B-8171-2012	Silveira, Marcos/0000-0003-0485-7872; Marimon, Beatriz/0000-0003-3105-2914; Feldpausch, Ted/0000-0002-6631-7962; Lloyd, Jonathan/0000-0002-5458-9960; Lenza, Eddie/0000-0001-9139-5949; Elias, Fernando/0000-0001-9190-1733; Dexter, Kyle/0000-0001-9232-5221; Phillips, Oliver/0000-0002-8993-6168; Vieira, Simone/0000-0002-0129-4181; Maracahipes, Leandro/0000-0002-6148-3291; ter Steege, Hans/0000-0002-8738-2659; Herault, Bruno/0000-0002-6950-7286; Poorter, Lourens/0000-0003-1391-4875; Laurance, Susan/0000-0002-2831-2933; Arets, Eric/0000-0001-7209-9028; Young, Kenneth R./0000-0003-0866-1260; Fyllas, Nikolaos/0000-0002-5651-5578; Baraloto, Christopher/0000-0001-7322-8581; Vos, Vincent Antoine/0000-0002-0388-8530	Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; European Union [283080, 282664]; ERC; Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Urgency, Consortium and Standard Grant 'AMAZONICA' [NE/ F005806/1]; Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Urgency, Consortium and Standard Grant 'TROBIT' [NE/D005590/1]; Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Urgency, Consortium and Standard Grant 'Niche Evolution of South American Trees' [NE/I028122/1]; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico of Brazil (CNPq); project Programa de Pesquisas Ecologicas de Longa Duracao [PELD-403725/2012-7]; Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel - Brasil (CAPES) [117913-6]; Royal Society-Wolfson Research Merit Award; Leverhulme Trust [RF-2015-653]	The field data used in this study have been generated by the RAINFOR network, which has been supported by a Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation grant, the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme projects 283080, 'GEOCARBON'; and 282664, 'AMAZALERT'; ERC grant 'Tropical Forests in the Changing Earth System'), and Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Urgency, Consortium and Standard Grants 'AMAZONICA' (NE/ F005806/1), 'TROBIT' (NE/D005590/1) and 'Niche Evolution of South American Trees' (NE/I028122/1). Additional data were included from the Tropical Ecology Assessment and Monitoring (TEAM) Network - a collaboration between Conservation International, the Missouri Botanical Garden, the Smithsonian Institution and the Wildlife Conservation Society, and partly funded by these institutions, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, and other donors. Fieldwork was also partially supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico of Brazil (CNPq), project Programa de Pesquisas Ecologicas de Longa Duracao (PELD-403725/2012-7). F.C.S. is supported by a PhD scholarship from Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel - Brasil (CAPES) (117913-6). O.L.P. is supported by an ERC Advanced Grant and is a Royal Society-Wolfson Research Merit Award holder and T.R.B. acknowledges support from a Leverhulme Trust Research Fellowship (RF-2015-653).	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J	Mittal, C; Griskevicius, V				Mittal, Chiraag; Griskevicius, Vladas			Silver Spoons and Platinum Plans: How Childhood Environment Affects Adult Health Care Decisions	JOURNAL OF CONSUMER RESEARCH			English	Article						health insurance; childhood socioeconomic status; risk perception; risk propensity; financial threat	FAMILY UNPREDICTABILITY SCALE; LIFE-HISTORY STRATEGIES; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; UNREALISTIC OPTIMISM; RISK-TAKING; INSURANCE DECISIONS; SELF-POSITIVITY; BEHAVIOR; STRESS; PREFERENCE	Can socioeconomic status in childhood influence desire for health coverage in adulthood? We develop and test a model that yielded two sets of findings across five experiments. First, people who grew up poor were generally less interested in health coverage compared to those who grew up wealthy. This effect was independent of people's current level of socioeconomic status, emerged most strongly when adults were experiencing financial threat, and was mediated by differences in willingness to take risks between people from poor versus wealthy childhoods. Second, we show that this effect reverses when people are provided with baserate information about disease. When information about the average likelihood of getting sick is made available, people who grew up poor were consistently more likely to seek health coverage than people who grew up wealthy. This effect was again strongest when people felt a sense of financial threat, and it was driven by people from poor versus wealthy childhoods differing in their perceptions of the likelihood of becoming sick. Overall, we show how, why, and when childhood socioeconomic status influences desire for health coverage.	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Consum. Res.	DEC	2016	43	4					636	656		10.1093/jcr/ucw046				21	Business	Business & Economics	EQ3AK	WOS:000397943100009					2019-02-21	
J	Xue, X; Adhikari, BN; Perkes, A; Martin, M; Wall, DH; Adams, BJ				Xue, X.; Adhikari, B. N.; Perkes, A.; Martin, M.; Wall, D. H.; Adams, B. J.			LIFE HISTORY EVOLUTION OF AN ANTARCTIC NEMATODE: ELEMENTAL STOICHIOMETRY AND THE GROWTH RATE HYPOTHESIS	JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY			English	Meeting Abstract									[Xue, X.; Perkes, A.; Martin, M.; Adams, B. J.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Biol, Provo, UT 84602 USA; [Xue, X.; Perkes, A.; Martin, M.; Adams, B. J.] Brigham Young Univ, Evolutionary Ecol Labs, Provo, UT 84602 USA; [Adhikari, B. N.] ARS, USDA, Tucson, AZ USA; [Wall, D. H.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA; [Wall, D. H.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA; [Perkes, A.] Univ Penn, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA; [Martin, M.] Midwestern Univ, Arizona Coll Osteopath Med, Glendale, AZ USA			Adams, Byron/C-3808-2009	Adams, Byron/0000-0002-7815-3352				0	0	0	1	5	SOC NEMATOLOGISTS	MARCELINE	PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA	0022-300X			J NEMATOL	J. Nematol.	DEC	2016	48	4					384	385						2	Zoology	Zoology	EJ1FL	WOS:000392955800235					2019-02-21	
J	Prati, D; Peintinger, M; Fischer, M				Prati, Daniel; Peintinger, Markus; Fischer, Markus			Genetic composition, genetic diversity and small-scale environmental variation matter for the experimental reintroduction of a rare plant	JOURNAL OF PLANT ECOLOGY			English	Article						conservation management; global change; lakeshore; Ranunculus reptans	LIFE-HISTORY EVOLUTION; CLONAL PLANT; RANUNCULUS-REPTANS; POPULATION-SIZE; GENTIANELLA-GERMANICA; GENOTYPIC DIVERSITY; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; LAKE CONSTANCE; RAPD VARIATION; SELECTION	Aims Reintroduction has become an important tool for the management of endangered plant species. We tested the little-explored effects of small-scale environmental variation, genotypic composition (i.e. identity of genotypes) and genotypic diversity on the population survival of the regionally rare clonal plant Ranunculus reptans. For this species of periodically inundated lakeshores, genetic differentiation had been reported between populations and between short-flooded and long-flooded microsites within populations. Methods We established 306 experimental test populations at a previously unoccupied lakeshore, comprising either monocultures of 32 genotypes, mixtures of genotypes within populations or mixtures of genotypes between populations. In 2000, three years after planting out at the experimental site, a long-lasting flood caused the death of half of the experimental populations. In 2003, an extreme drought resulted in the lowest summer water levels ever measured. Important Findings Despite these climatic extremes, 27% of the established populations survived in December 2003. The success of experimental populations largely differed between microsites. Moreover, the success of genotype monocultures depended on genotype and source population. Genetic differentiation between microsites played a minor role for the success of reintroduction. After the flood, populations planted with genotypes from different source populations increased in abundance, whereas populations with genotypes from single source populations and genotype monocultures decreased. In 2014, several small patches of Ranunculus clones were still present, but plants were strongly intermingled, which precluded their assignment to the original treatments. We conclude that sources for reintroductions need to be selected carefully. Moreover, mixtures of plants from different populations appear to be the best choice for successful reintroduction, at least in unpredictably varying environments.	[Prati, Daniel; Fischer, Markus] Univ Bern, Inst Plant Sci, Altenbergrain 21, CH-3013 Bern, Switzerland; [Prati, Daniel; Fischer, Markus] Univ Bern, Oeschger Ctr Climate Change Res, Zahringerstr 25, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland; [Peintinger, Markus] WSL Eidgenoss Forsch Anstalt Wald Schnee & Landsc, Zurcherstr 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland	Prati, D (reprint author), Univ Bern, Inst Plant Sci, Altenbergrain 21, CH-3013 Bern, Switzerland.	daniel.prati@ips.unibe.ch	Fischer, Markus/C-6411-2008	Fischer, Markus/0000-0002-5589-5900	Swiss National Science Foundation [31-49728.96, 31-56809.99, 31-67876.02]; Institute of Environmental Sciences of the University of Zurich	Swiss National Science Foundation (grants 31-49728.96, 31-56809.99, 31-67876.02); Bernhard Schmid and the Institute of Environmental Sciences of the University of Zurich.	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J	Gonzalez, MZ; Allen, JP; Coan, JA				Gonzalez, Marlen Z.; Allen, Joseph P.; Coan, James A.			Lower neighborhood quality in adolescence predicts higher mesolimbic sensitivity to reward anticipation in adulthood	Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience			English	Article							NUCLEUS-ACCUMBENS; REPRODUCTIVE STRATEGY; CHICAGO NEIGHBORHOODS; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS; NEURAL RESPONSE; BRAIN; STRESS; CORTEX; SOCIALIZATION	Life history theory suggests that adult reward sensitivity should be best explained by childhood, but not current, socioeconomic conditions. In this functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, 83 participants from a larger longitudinal sample completed the monetary incentive delay (MID) task in adulthood (25 years old). Parent-reports of neighborhood quality and parental SES were collected when participants were 13 years of age. Current income level was collected concurrently with scanning. Lower adolescent neighborhood quality, but neither lower current income nor parental SES, was associated with heightened sensitivity to the anticipation of monetary gain in putative mesolimbic reward areas. Lower adolescent neighborhood quality was also associated with heightened sensitivity to the anticipation of monetary loss activation in visuo-motor areas. Lower current income was associated with heightened sensitivity to anticipated loss in occipital areas and the operculum. We tested whether externalizing behaviors in childhood or adulthood could better account for neighborhood quality findings, but they did not. Findings suggest that neighborhood ecology in adolescence is associated with greater neural reward sensitivity in adulthood above the influence of parental SES or current income and not mediated through impulsivity and externalizing behaviors. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.	[Gonzalez, Marlen Z.; Allen, Joseph P.; Coan, James A.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA	Gonzalez, MZ; Coan, JA (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.	mzg7uv@virginia.edu; jcoan@virginia.edu			National Institute of Mental Health [R01MH080725, 9R01 HD058305-11A1, R01-MH58066]; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development	This work was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH080725) awarded to James A. Coan and grants from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and the National Institute of Mental Health (9R01 HD058305-11A1 & R01-MH58066) awarded to Joseph P. Allen.	Achenbach T. M., 2003, ASEBA ADULT FORMS PR; Achenbach T. 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J	Waterton, J; Cleland, EE				Waterton, Joseph; Cleland, Elsa E.			Trade-off between early emergence and herbivore susceptibility mediates exotic success in an experimental California plant community	ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION			English	Article						community assembly; emergence; germination; herbivory; invasion; phenology; seedlings	ENEMY RELEASE HYPOTHESIS; SEEDLING HERBIVORY; PERENNIAL GRASSES; ANNUAL GRASSLAND; PHENOLOGY; INVASIONS; PRIORITY; BIODIVERSITY; GERMINATION; EVOLUTION	Ecological trade-offs are fundamental to theory in community ecology; critical for understanding species coexistence in diverse plant communities, as well as the evolution of diverse life-history strategies. Invasions by exotic species can provide insights into the importance of trade-offs in community assembly, because the ecological strategies of invading species often differ from those present in the native species pool. Exotic annual species have invaded many Mediterranean-climate areas around the globe, and often germinate and emerge earlier in the growing season than native species. Early-season growth can enable exotic annual species to preempt space and resources, competitively suppressing later-emerging native species; however, early-emerging individuals may also be more apparent to herbivores. This suggests a potential trade-off between seasonal phenology and susceptibility to herbivory. To evaluate this hypothesis, we monitored the emergence and growth of 12 focal species (six each native and exotic) in monoculture and polyculture, while experimentally excluding generalist herbivores both early and later in the growing season. Consistent with past studies, the exotic species emerged earlier than native species. Regardless of species origin, earlier-emerging species achieved greater biomass by the end of the experiment, but were more negatively impacted by herbivory, particularly in the early part of the growing season. This greater impact of early-season herbivory on early-active species led to a reduction in the competitive advantage of exotic species growing in polyculture, and improved the performance of later-emerging natives. Such a trade-off between early growth and susceptibility to herbivores could be an important force in community assembly in seasonal herbaceous-dominated ecosystems. These results also show how herbivore exclusion favors early-active exotic species in this system, with important implications for management in many areas invaded by early-active exotic species.	[Waterton, Joseph; Cleland, Elsa E.] Univ Calif San Diego, Ecol Behav & Evolut Sect, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA	Waterton, J (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Ecol Behav & Evolut Sect, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.	jwaterto@ucsd.edu		Cleland, Elsa/0000-0003-3920-0029; Waterton, Joseph/0000-0003-3177-7667	Jeanne M. Messier Memorial Fellowship	Jeanne M. 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Evol.	DEC	2016	6	24					8942	8953		10.1002/ece3.2610				12	Ecology; Evolutionary Biology	Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology	EH9AF	WOS:000392063300026	28035282	DOAJ Gold, Green Published			2019-02-21	
J	Boddy, L; Hiscox, J				Boddy, Lynne; Hiscox, Jennifer			Fungal Ecology: Principles and Mechanisms of Colonization and Competition by Saprotrophic Fungi	MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM			English	Article							VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; INTERSPECIFIC MYCELIAL INTERACTIONS; DIFFERENTIAL GENE-EXPRESSION; IN-VITRO INTERACTIONS; CORD-FORMING FUNGI; WOOD DECAY FUNGI; WHITE-ROT FUNGI; TRICHODERMA-HARZIANUM; FUSARIUM-VERTICILLIOIDES; HETEROBASIDION-ANNOSUM	Decomposer fungi continually deplete the organic resources they inhabit, so successful colonization of new resources is a crucial part of their ecology. Colonization success can be split into (i) the ability to arrive at, gain entry into, and establish within a resource and (ii) the ability to persist within the resource until reproduction and dissemination. Fungi vary in their life history strategies, the three main drivers of which are stress (S-selected), disturbance (ruderal, or R-selected), and incidence of competitors (C-selected); however, fungi often have combinations of characteristics from different strategies. Arrival at a new resource may occur as spores or mycelium, with successful entry and establishment (primary resource capture) within the resource largely dependent on the enzymatic ability of the fungus. The communities that develop in a newly available resource depend on environmental conditions and, in particular, the levels of abiotic stress present (e.g., high temperature, low water availability). Community change occurs when these initial colonizers are replaced by species that are either more combative (secondary resource capture) or better able to tolerate conditions within the resource, either through changing abiotic conditions or due to modification of the resource by the initial colonizers. Competition for territory may involve highly specialized species-specific interactions such as mycoparasitism or may be more general; in both cases combat involves changes in morphology, metabolism, and reactive oxygen species production, and outcomes of these interactions can be altered under different environmental conditions. In summary, community development is not a simple ordered sequence, but a complex ever-changing mosaic.	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Spectr.	DEC	2016	4	6							UNSP FUNK-0019-2016	10.1128/microbiolspec.FUNK-0019-2016				16	Microbiology	Microbiology	EI1AU	WOS:000392208200007	28087930				2019-02-21	
J	Akcay, C; Lendvai, AZ; Stanback, M; Haussmann, M; Moore, IT; Bonier, F				Akcay, Caglar; Lendvai, Adam Z.; Stanback, Mark; Haussmann, Mark; Moore, Ignacio T.; Bonier, Fran			Strategic adjustment of parental care in tree swallows: life-history trade-offs and the role of glucocorticoids	ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE			English	Article						corticosterone; nestling begging; provisioning; brood value; latitude; fitness	TACHYCINETA-BICOLOR; STRESS-RESPONSE; PASSERINE BIRD; DIFFERENTIAL-ALLOCATION; CORTICOSTERONE; REPRODUCTION; MODULATION; INVESTMENT; INCREASES; BEHAVIOR	Life-history theory predicts that optimal strategies of parental investment will depend on ecological and social factors, such as current brood value and offspring need. Parental care strategies are also likely to be mediated in part by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and glucocorticoid hormones. Here, we present an experiment in tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor), a biparental songbird with wide geographical distribution, asking whether parental care is strategically adjusted in response to signals of offspring need and brood value and if so, whether glucocorticoids are involved in these adjustments. Using an automated playback system, we carried out playbacks of nestling begging calls specifically to females in two populations differing in their brood value: a northern population in Ontario, Canada (relatively higher brood value) and a southern population in North Carolina, USA (relatively lower brood value). We quantified female offspring provisioning rates before and during playbacks and plasma corticosterone levels (cort) once during late incubation and once immediately after playbacks. Females in both populations increased feeding rates temporarily during the first 2 h of playback but the increase was not sustained for the entire duration of playback (6 h). Cort levels from samples at the end of the playback did not differ between control females and females that received playbacks. However, females that had higher increases in cort between the incubation and nestling period had greater fledging success. These results suggest that females are able to strategically respond to offspring need, although the role of glucocorticoids in this strategic adjustment remains unclear.	[Akcay, Caglar; Lendvai, Adam Z.; Moore, Ignacio T.; Bonier, Fran] Virginia Tech, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA; [Lendvai, Adam Z.] Univ Debrecen, Dept Evolutionary Zool & Human Biol, Egyet Ter 1, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; [Stanback, Mark] Davidson Coll, Dept Biol, Davidson, NC 28036 USA; [Haussmann, Mark] Bucknell Univ, Dept Biol, Lewisburg, PA 17837 USA; [Bonier, Fran] Queens Univ, Dept Biol, Kingston, ON, Canada	Akcay, C; Lendvai, AZ (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.	akcay.caglar@gmail.com; az.lendvai@gmail.com	Akcay, Caglar/F-7145-2010	Akcay, Caglar/0000-0003-0635-9586	U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) grant [IOS-1145625]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Banting Postdoctoral Fellowship; Hungarian Research Fund [OTKA K 113108]	This work was supported by a U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) grant (F.B., I.T.M. and M.H.; IOS-1145625), and by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Banting Postdoctoral Fellowship (F.B.). During the preparation of the manuscript, A.Z.L. was supported by a grant from the Hungarian Research Fund (OTKA K 113108).	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W., 2011, BIRDS N AM ONLINE; Winkler DW, 2004, CONDOR, V106, P768, DOI 10.1650/7634	51	2	2	6	33	ROYAL SOC	LONDON	6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND	2054-5703			ROY SOC OPEN SCI	R. Soc. Open Sci.	DEC	2016	3	12							UNSP 160740	10.1098/rsos.160740				12	Multidisciplinary Sciences	Science & Technology - Other Topics	EH4HH	WOS:000391731800024	28083111	DOAJ Gold, Green Published			2019-02-21	
J	Gilbert, J; Uggla, C; Mace, R				Gilbert, James; Uggla, Caroline; Mace, Ruth			Knowing your neighbourhood: local ecology and personal experience predict neighbourhood perceptions in Belfast, Northern Ireland	ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE			English	Article						life-history theory; ecological perceptions; mortality risk; morbidity risk	REPRODUCTION; DEATH	Evolutionary theory predicts that humans should adjust their life-history strategies in response to local ecological threats and opportunities in order to maximize their reproductive success. Cues representing threats to individuals' lives and health in modern, Western societies may come in the form of local ages at death, morbidity rate and crime rate in their local area, whereas the adult sex ratio represents a measure of the competition for reproductive partners. These characteristics are believed to have a strong influence over a wide range of behaviours, but whether they are accurately perceived has not been robustly tested. Here, we investigate whether perceptions of four neighbourhood characteristics are accurate across eight neighbourhoods in Belfast, Northern Ireland. We find that median age at death and morbidity rates are accurately perceived, whereas adult sex ratios and crime rates are not. We suggest that both neighbourhood characteristics and personal experiences contribute to the formation of perceptions. This should be considered by researchers looking for associations between area-level factors.	[Gilbert, James; Uggla, Caroline; Mace, Ruth] UCL, Dept Anthropol, 14 Taviton St, London WC1H 0BW, England; [Uggla, Caroline] Stockholm Univ, Dept Sociol, Demog Unit, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden; [Mace, Ruth] Lanzhou Univ, Life Sci, 222 Tianshui South Rd, Lanzhou 73000, Gansu, Peoples R China	Gilbert, J (reprint author), UCL, Dept Anthropol, 14 Taviton St, London WC1H 0BW, England.; Mace, R (reprint author), Lanzhou Univ, Life Sci, 222 Tianshui South Rd, Lanzhou 73000, Gansu, Peoples R China.	james.gilbert.14@ucl.ac.uk; r.mace@ucl.ac.uk		Gilbert, James/0000-0003-2808-2004; Mace, Ruth/0000-0002-6137-7739; uggla, caroline/0000-0003-1639-3307	ERC [ERC AdG249347]	This research was funded by the ERC advanced grant to R.M. (ERC AdG249347).	ARK, 2014, 2015 NO IR LIF TIM S; Baldini R., 2015, BIORXIV, DOI [10.1101/014647, DOI 10.1101/014647]; Copping LT, 2015, EVOL HUM BEHAV, V36, P182, DOI 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2014.10.005; Copping LT, 2013, HUM NATURE-INT BIOS, V24, P137, DOI 10.1007/s12110-013-9163-2; Dixon M, 2006, UNEQUAL IMPACT CRIME; Hill Kim, 1993, Evolutionary Anthropology, V2, P78, DOI 10.1002/evan.1360020303; Hox J. J, 1998, CLASSIFICATION DATA, P147, DOI [10.1007/978-3-642-72087-1_17, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-72087-1_17]; Jamieson S, 2004, MED EDUC, V38, P1217, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2929.2004.02012.x; Johns SE, 2011, HEALTH PLACE, V17, P122, DOI 10.1016/j.healthplace.2010.09.006; Kalmijn M, 1998, ANNU REV SOCIOL, V24, P395, DOI 10.1146/annurev.soc.24.1.395; Marmot M, 2005, LANCET, V365, P1099, DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)71146-6; MARMOT MG, 1987, ANNU REV PUBL HEALTH, V8, P111, DOI 10.1146/annurev.pu.08.050187.000551; Nettle D, 2014, PEERJ, V2, DOI 10.7717/peerj.236; Nettle D, 2012, HUM NATURE-INT BIOS, V23, P375, DOI 10.1007/s12110-012-9153-9; NISRA, 2014, MED AG AT DEATH; NISRA [Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency], 2012, CENS 2011 KEY STAT N; Norman G, 2010, ADV HEALTH SCI EDUC, V15, P625, DOI 10.1007/s10459-010-9222-y; Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency, 2010, NO IR MULT DEPR MEAS; Pepper GV, 2013, EVOL HUM BEHAV, V34, P433, DOI 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2013.08.004; R CoreTeam, 2014, R LANG ENV STAT COMP; Rickard IJ, 2014, PERSPECT PSYCHOL SCI, V9, P3, DOI 10.1177/1745691613513467; Roff D., 1993, EVOLUTION LIFE HIST; Schacht R, 2015, ROY SOC OPEN SCI, V2, DOI 10.1098/rsos.140402; Stearns S, 1992, EVOLUTION LIFE HIST; Stearns SC, 2000, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V97, P3309, DOI 10.1073/pnas.060289597; Sullivan Gail M, 2013, J Grad Med Educ, V5, P541, DOI 10.4300/JGME-5-4-18; Uggla C, 2016, BEHAV ECOL, V27, P158, DOI 10.1093/beheco/arv133; Uggla Caroline, 2015, Evolution Medicine and Public Health, P266, DOI 10.1093/emph/eov020; Wilson M, 1997, BRIT MED J, V314, P1271, DOI 10.1136/bmj.314.7089.1271	29	5	5	0	3	ROYAL SOC	LONDON	6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND	2054-5703			ROY SOC OPEN SCI	R. Soc. Open Sci.	DEC	2016	3	12							160468	10.1098/rsos.160468				8	Multidisciplinary Sciences	Science & Technology - Other Topics	EH4HH	WOS:000391731800008	28083095	DOAJ Gold, Green Published			2019-02-21	
J	Ebneter, C; Pick, JL; Tschirren, B				Ebneter, Christina; Pick, Joel L.; Tschirren, Barbara			A trade-off between reproductive investment and maternal cerebellum size in a precocial bird	BIOLOGY LETTERS			English	Article						life-history evolution; trade-off; brain size; parental care; cost of reproduction; reproductive investment	BRAIN SIZE; ARTIFICIAL SELECTION; EGG SIZE; EVOLUTION; ENVIRONMENTS; SURVIVAL; ADULTS; COSTS	Natural selection favours increased investment in reproduction, yet considerable variation in parental investment is observed in natural populations. Life-history theory predicts that this variation is maintained by a trade-off between the benefits of increased reproductive investment and its associated costs for the parents. The nature of these costs of reproduction, however, remains poorly understood. The brain is an energetically highly expensive organ and increased reproductive investment may, therefore, negatively affect brain maintenance. Using artificial selection lines for high and low prenatal maternal investment in a precocial bird, the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica), we provide experimental evidence for this hypothesis by showing that increased prenatal provisioning negatively affects the size of a particular brain region of the mother, the cerebellum. Our finding suggests that cognitive demands may constrain the evolution of parental investment, and vice versa, contributing to the maintenance of variation in reproductive behaviour in animal populations.	[Ebneter, Christina; Pick, Joel L.; Tschirren, Barbara] Univ Zurich, Dept Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, Winterthurerstr 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland; [Tschirren, Barbara] Univ Exeter, Ctr Ecol & Conservat, Penryn TR10 9FE, England	Tschirren, B (reprint author), Univ Zurich, Dept Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, Winterthurerstr 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.; Tschirren, B (reprint author), Univ Exeter, Ctr Ecol & Conservat, Penryn TR10 9FE, England.	barbara.tschirren@ieu.uzh.ch		Pick, Joel L/0000-0002-6295-3742; Tschirren, Barbara/0000-0003-4806-4102	Swiss National Science Foundation [PP00P3_128386, PP00P3_157455]; Georges und Antoine Claraz-Schenkung	This work was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (PP00P3_128386, PP00P3_157455 to B.T.) and the Georges und Antoine Claraz-Schenkung (to C.E.).	Alonso-Alvarez C, 2004, ECOL LETT, V7, P363, DOI 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2004.00594.x; Alonso-Alvarez C, 2012, EVOLUTION OF PARENTAL CARE, P40; Barton RA, 2014, CURR BIOL, V24, P2440, DOI 10.1016/j.cub.2014.08.056; Bates D., 2011, LME4 LINEAR MIXED EF; Christians JK, 2002, BIOL REV, V77, P1, DOI 10.1017/S1464793101005784; Deaner RO, 2007, BRAIN BEHAV EVOLUT, V70, P115, DOI 10.1159/000102973; Ebneter C, 2016, DRYAD DIGITAL REPOSI; Hogan MJ, 2011, CORTEX, V47, P441, DOI 10.1016/j.cortex.2010.01.001; Isler K, 2006, BIOL LETTERS, V2, P557, DOI 10.1098/rsbl.2006.0538; Isler K, 2009, J HUM EVOL, V57, P392, DOI 10.1016/j.jhevol.2009.04.009; Knowles SCL, 2009, FUNCT ECOL, V23, P405, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2008.01507.x; Kotrschal A, 2015, ECOL LETT, V18, P646, DOI 10.1111/ele.12441; Kotrschal A, 2013, CURR BIOL, V23, P168, DOI 10.1016/j.cub.2012.11.058; Krist M, 2011, BIOL REV, V86, P692, DOI 10.1111/j.1469-185X.2010.00166.x; Lindstrom J, 1999, TRENDS ECOL EVOL, V14, P343, DOI 10.1016/S0169-5347(99)01639-0; Maklakov AA, 2011, BIOL LETTERS, V7, P730, DOI 10.1098/rsbl.2011.0341; MINK JW, 1981, AM J PHYSIOL, V241, pR203; Oatridge A, 2002, AM J NEURORADIOL, V23, P19; Pick JL, 2016, HEREDITY, V116, P542, DOI 10.1038/hdy.2016.16; Pick JL, 2016, AM NAT, V188, P628, DOI 10.1086/688918; Raz N, 2001, AM J NEURORADIOL, V22, P1161; Sol D, 2005, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V102, P5460, DOI 10.1073/pnas.0408145102; Stearns S, 1992, EVOLUTION LIFE HIST; Strick PL, 2009, ANNU REV NEUROSCI, V32, P413, DOI 10.1146/annurev.neuro.31.060407.125606; van der Bijl W, 2015, P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI, V282, P116, DOI 10.1098/rspb.2015.1132	25	1	1	2	26	ROYAL SOC	LONDON	6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND	1744-9561	1744-957X		BIOL LETTERS	Biol. Lett.	DEC 1	2016	12	12							20160659	10.1098/rsbl.2016.0659				4	Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology	Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology	EG5SV	WOS:000391105500005	28003519	Green Published, Bronze			2019-02-21	
J	Popkov, VA; Silachev, DN; Jankauskas, SS; Zorova, LD; Pevzner, IB; Babenko, VA; Plotnikov, EY; Zorov, DB				Popkov, V. A.; Silachev, D. N.; Jankauskas, S. S.; Zorova, L. D.; Pevzner, I. B.; Babenko, V. A.; Plotnikov, E. Y.; Zorov, D. B.			Molecular and cellular interactions between mother and fetus. Pregnancy as a rejuvenating factor	BIOCHEMISTRY-MOSCOW			English	Review						pregnancy; rejuvenation; aging	LIFE-HISTORY EVOLUTION; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; PROGENITOR CELLS; FETAL CELLS; STEM-CELLS; TISSUE REGENERATION; COGNITIVE FUNCTION; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; SEX-DIFFERENCES	Aging is associated with a decline of various body functions, including ability to regenerate. Over recent decades, it has been demonstrated that some of these changes could be reversed in response to factors originating from a young organism, for example, fetal stem cells or "young blood" in models of heterochronic parabiosis. Pregnancy might be considered as parabiotic model of the interaction between two organisms of different age. In this work, we analyzed and summarized data on the effects of pregnancy on the maternal organism that confirm the hypothesis that pregnancy rejuvenates the mother's organism or slows its aging.	[Popkov, V. A.; Silachev, D. N.; Jankauskas, S. S.; Pevzner, I. B.; Plotnikov, E. Y.; Zorov, D. B.] Lomonosov Moscow State Univ, Belozersky Inst Phys Chem Biol, Moscow 119991, Russia; [Popkov, V. A.; Babenko, V. A.] Lomonosov Moscow State Univ, Fac Bioengn & Bioinformat, Moscow 119991, Russia; [Zorova, L. D.] Lomonosov Moscow State Univ, Ctr Int Laser, Moscow 119991, Russia; [Babenko, V. A.] Res Ctr Obstet, Gynecol & Perinatol, Moscow 117997, Russia	Plotnikov, EY; Zorov, DB (reprint author), Lomonosov Moscow State Univ, Belozersky Inst Phys Chem Biol, Moscow 119991, Russia.	plotnikov@genebee.msu.ru; zorov@genebee.msu.su	Zorova, Ljubava/J-3554-2017; Popkov, Vasily/N-9030-2016	Zorova, Ljubava/0000-0001-9046-712X; Popkov, Vasily/0000-0003-2913-5091	Russian Foundation for Basic Research [14-04-00542, 14-04-00300, 15-34-20074, 16-34-01314]	This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (projects Nos. 14-04-00542, 14-04-00300, 15-34-20074, and 16-34-01314).	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J	Lofgren, ET; Egizi, AM; Fefferman, NH				Lofgren, Eric T.; Egizi, Andrea M.; Fefferman, Nina H.			Patients as Patches: Ecology and Epidemiology in Healthcare Environments	INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY			English	Editorial Material							CLOSTRIDIUM-DIFFICILE INFECTION; LIFE-HISTORY EVOLUTION; HUMAN MICROBIOME; TRANSMISSION; DIVERSITY; PATHOGENS; URBANIZATION; BIODIVERSITY; HOSPITALS; SURFACES	The modern healthcare system involves complex interactions among microbes, patients, providers, and the built environment. It represents a unique and challenging setting for control of the emergence and spread of infectious diseases. We examine an extension of the perspectives and methods from ecology (and especially urban ecology) to address these unique issues, and we outline 3 examples: (1) viewing patients as individual microbial ecosystems; (2) the altered ecology of infectious diseases specifically within hospitals; and (3) ecosystem management perspectives for infection surveillance and control. In each of these cases, we explore the accuracy and relevance of analogies to existing urban ecological perspectives, and we demonstrate a few of the potential direct uses of this perspective for altering research into the control of healthcare-associated infections. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2016;1507-1512	[Lofgren, Eric T.] Washington State Univ, Paul G Allen Sch Global Anim Hlth, Pullman, WA 99164 USA; [Lofgren, Eric T.] Washington State Univ, Community Hlth Analyt Initiat, Pullman, WA 99164 USA; [Lofgren, Eric T.; Fefferman, Nina H.] CCICADA, Piscataway, NJ USA; [Egizi, Andrea M.] Tick Borne Dis Lab, Monmouth Cty Mosquito Control Div, Tinton Falls, NJ USA; [Egizi, Andrea M.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ctr Vector Biol, New Brunswick, NJ USA; [Fefferman, Nina H.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN USA	Fefferman, NH (reprint author), Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 569 Dabney Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.	feffermn@dimacs.rutgers.edu		Egizi, Andrea/0000-0002-4604-045X			Abir M, 2012, ACAD EMERG MED, V19, P280, DOI 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2011.01278.x; Adler F.R., 2013, URBAN ECOSYSTEMS ECO; Al-Nassir WN, 2008, ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH, V52, P2403, DOI 10.1128/AAC.00090-08; Alberti M, 2005, INT REGIONAL SCI REV, V28, P168, DOI 10.1177/0160017605275160; Buffie CG, 2012, INFECT IMMUN, V80, P62, DOI 10.1128/IAI.05496-11; Cadotte MW, 2011, J APPL ECOL, V48, P1079, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.02048.x; Calfee DP, 2012, ANNU REV MED, V63, P359, DOI 10.1146/annurev-med-081210-144458; Chang JY, 2008, J INFECT DIS, V197, P435, DOI 10.1086/525047; Costello EK, 2012, SCIENCE, V336, P1255, DOI 10.1126/science.1224203; Deasy AM, 2015, CLIN INFECT DIS, V60, P1512, DOI 10.1093/cid/civ098; Dethlefsen L, 2008, PLOS BIOL, V6, P2383, DOI 10.1371/journal.pbio.0060280; Edmond M, 2015, SHEA C MAY 14 ORL FL; Fisman D, 2012, CLIN MICROBIOL INFEC, V18, P946, DOI 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2012.03968.x; Galea S, 2005, ANNU REV PUBL HEALTH, V26, P341, DOI 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.26.021304.144708; Gaston K. 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Control Hosp. Epidemiol.	DEC	2016	37	12					1507	1512		10.1017/ice.2016.224				6	Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases	Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases	EF5DW	WOS:000390351900020	27760571				2019-02-21	
J	Perlut, NG; Strong, AM				Perlut, Noah G.; Strong, Allan M.			Comparative analysis of factors associated with first-year survival in two species of migratory songbirds	JOURNAL OF AVIAN BIOLOGY			English	Article							SPARROWS PASSERCULUS-SANDWICHENSIS; LIFE-HISTORY STRATEGIES; POSTFLEDGING SURVIVAL; JUVENILE SURVIVAL; PASSERINE BIRDS; HOUSE SPARROW; RECRUITMENT; DISTANCE; DISPERSAL; SIZE	Our understanding of the full life cycle of most migratory birds remains limited. Estimates of survival rates, particularly for first-year birds are notably lacking. This knowledge gap results in imprecise parameters in population models and limits our ability to fully understand life history trade-offs. We used eleven years of field data to estimate first-year apparent survival (phi(1)st) for two species of migratory grassland songbirds that breed in the same managed habitats but have substantially different migration distances. We used a suite of life-history, habitat and individually-based covariates to explore causes of variation in phi(1)st. The interaction between fledge date and body mass was the best supported model of apparent survival. We found differential effects of fledging date based on nestling body mass. Overall, lighter nestlings had greater apparent survival than heavier nestlings; average or heavy nestlings within-brood had greater apparent survival when they fledged earlier in the summer. We hypothesize that heavier birds that fledge earlier in the season have a longer window of opportunity to evaluate potential breeding sites and are more likely to disperse greater distances from the natal region, thus confounding survival with permanent emigration. L ighter birds, particularly those fledged late in the breeding season may spend more time on self-maintenance and consequently have less time to evaluate potential future breeding sites, showing greater fidelity to their natal region. We found no support for management treatment (timing of mowing), sex, brood size, or species as important covariates in explaining apparent survival. Our results suggest that differential migration distances may not have a strong effect on first-year apparent survival.	[Perlut, Noah G.] Univ New England, Dept Environm Studies, Biddeford, ME 04005 USA; [Strong, Allan M.] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT USA	Perlut, NG (reprint author), Univ New England, Dept Environm Studies, Biddeford, ME 04005 USA.	nperlut@une.edu			Univ. of New England; Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources; Initiative for Future Agricultural and Food Systems; National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [2001-52103-11351, 03-35101-13817]; U.S. Dept of Agriculture/National Inst. of Food and Agriculture Managed Ecosystems Program [2009-35304-05349]; Natural Resource Conservation Service's Wildlife Habitat Management Inst; Galipeau family	This project was supported by the Univ. of New England, the Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, and the Initiative for Future Agricultural and Food Systems and the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, grant numbers 2001-52103-11351 and 03-35101-13817, respectively and the U.S. Dept of Agriculture/National Inst. of Food and Agriculture Managed Ecosystems Program (award no. 2009-35304-05349). Additional funding was provided by the Natural Resource Conservation Service's Wildlife Habitat Management Inst. and the Galipeau family. We thank Shelburne Farms, the Galipeau, Ross, Maile and Stern families for generous access to their land. Thanks to each summer's army of research assistants for their excellent work.	Adams AAY, 2006, ECOLOGY, V87, P178, DOI 10.1890/04-1922; Anders AD, 1997, CONSERV BIOL, V11, P698, DOI 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1997.95526.x; Brown C. 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T., 2008, BIRDS N AM, V45; White GC, 1999, BIRD STUDY, V46, P120; Zalik NJ, 2008, AUK, V125, P700, DOI 10.1525/auk.2008.07106	52	3	3	4	16	WILEY-BLACKWELL	HOBOKEN	111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA	0908-8857	1600-048X		J AVIAN BIOL	J. Avian Biol.	DEC	2016	47	6					858	864		10.1111/jav.00892				7	Ornithology	Zoology	EF4UG	WOS:000390326900013					2019-02-21	
J	Cameron, H; Monro, K; Malerba, M; Munch, S; Marshall, D				Cameron, Hayley; Monro, Keyne; Malerba, Martino; Munch, Stephan; Marshall, Dustin			Why do larger mothers produce larger offspring? A test of classic theory	ECOLOGY			English	Article						density dependence; life-history theory; offspring performance; optimal offspring size; siblingcompetition	COLONIAL MARINE INVERTEBRATE; BRYOZOAN BUGULA-NERITINA; OPTIMAL EGG SIZE; MATERNAL PHENOTYPE; TRADE-OFFS; COMPETITION; QUALITY; DISPERSAL; NUMBER; GROWTH	Across a wide range of taxa, larger mothers produce larger offspring. Theory assumes that larger, more fecund mothers create higher local densities of siblings, and so larger mothers produce larger offspring to offset sibling competition. This assumption has beendebated for over 30yr, but direct empirical tests are surprisingly rare. Here, we test two key assumptions of classic theories that predict sibling competition drives maternal-size-offspring-size (MSOS) correlations: (1) independent effects of offspring size and sibling density on offspring performance or (2) as a product of an interaction between these two factors. To simultaneously test these alternative assumptions, we manipulate offspring size and sibling density in the marine invertebrate, Bugula neritina, and monitor offspring performance in the field. We found that, depending on the fitness metric being considered, offspring size and sibling density can either independently or interactively affect offspring performance. Yet sibling density did not affect offspring performance in the ways that classic theories assume. Given our results, it is unlikely that sibling competition drives the positive MSOS correlation observed in this species. Empirical support for these classic theories remains lacking, suggesting alternative explanations are necessary.	[Cameron, Hayley; Monro, Keyne; Malerba, Martino; Marshall, Dustin] Monash Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Ctr Geometr Biol, Melbourne, Vic 3800, Australia; [Munch, Stephan] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Fisheries Ecol Div, Southwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA	Cameron, H (reprint author), Monash Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Ctr Geometr Biol, Melbourne, Vic 3800, Australia.	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J	Adler, MI; Telford, M; Bonduriansky, R				Adler, M. I.; Telford, M.; Bonduriansky, R.			Phenotypes optimized for early-life reproduction exhibit faster somatic deterioration with age, revealing a latent cost of high condition	JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY			English	Article						ageing; condition; development; diet; life-history; lifespan; neriid fly Telostylinus angusticollis; nutrition; reproduction-soma trade-off; somatic maintenance	TELOSTYLINUS-ANGUSTICOLLIS DIPTERA; ONTHOPHAGUS-ACUMINATUS COLEOPTERA; CONDITION-DEPENDENT TRAITS; SEXUAL SELECTION; TRADE-OFFS; TELEOGRYLLUS-COMMODUS; NATURAL-SELECTION; FIELD CRICKETS; ADULT DIET; BODY-SIZE	High condition enables individuals to express a phenotype with greater reproductive potential. However, life-history theory predicts that reproduction will trade off with somatic maintenance and viability, and several studies have reported faster age-related decline in performance in high-condition individuals, suggesting that high condition in early life is associated with accelerated somatic deterioration. This trade-off may be especially pronounced in males, which often express condition-dependent secondary sexual traits that can impose viability costs during development and through damage-inflicting adult sexual behaviours. To test this prediction, we reared larvae of the neriid fly Telostylinus angusticollis on diets of varying nutrient content and quantified somatic deterioration in solitary males, males housed in all-male or mixed-sex groups and immobilized males subjected to mechanical stress. We found that males reared on a nutrient-rich larval diet (high-condition males) suffered a higher rate of somatic deterioration with age, particularly when housed in groups. Perhaps as a result of accelerated somatic deterioration, high-condition males did not outlive low-condition males. In addition, high-condition males housed in all-male groups experienced a greater reduction in escape response with age than males housed in mixed-sex groups, suggesting that male-male combat promotes somatic deterioration. However, even when immobilized, high-condition males were still found to be more susceptible to somatic damage than low-condition males. Our findings suggest that a high-condition male phenotype is more prone to somatic damage, both as a result of associated behaviours such as combat, and because of the inherent fragility of the high-condition body.	[Adler, M. I.; Telford, M.; Bonduriansky, R.] Univ New South Wales, Evolut & Ecol Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW, Australia; [Adler, M. I.; Telford, M.; Bonduriansky, R.] Univ New South Wales, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia; [Telford, M.] Univ Pompeu Fabra, Inst Biol Evolutiva, Barcelona, Spain	Adler, MI (reprint author), UNSW, Evolut & Ecol Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.; Adler, MI (reprint author), UNSW, Sch BEES, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.	margo.adler@gmail.com		Bonduriansky, Russell/0000-0002-5786-6951	University of New South Wales; Evolution & Ecology Research Centre; Australian Research Council	We thank Ditka Jeran, Matheus Guimaraes, Rob Champion, Aidan Runagall-McNaull, David Tran, Eleanor Bath, Alexander Sentinella and Mark Brown for help with the experiment, and Bart Adriaenssens for generously sharing his statistics wisdom. We also thank Viktor Nilsson-Ortman for thoughtful discussions and suggesting relevant papers, and Luc Bussiere and Wolf Blanckenhorn for thorough and very helpful comments and suggestions on an earlier version of the manuscript. The research was funded through a PhD scholarship to MA from the University of New South Wales and the Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, and an Australian Research Council research fellowship and Discovery grant to RB. The authors have no conflict of interests to declare.	Adler MI, 2011, J EVOLUTION BIOL, V24, P1169, DOI 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02250.x; Adler MI, 2014, CSH PERSPECT BIOL, V6, DOI 10.1101/cshperspect.a017566; Adler MI, 2013, EVOL BIOL, V40, P288, DOI 10.1007/s11692-012-9211-6; Adler MI, 2013, EXP GERONTOL, V48, P539, DOI 10.1016/j.exger.2013.03.007; Agrawal A. 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Evol. Biol.	DEC	2016	29	12					2436	2446		10.1111/jeb.12968				11	Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity	Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity	EE7ZT	WOS:000389844700008	27546615				2019-02-21	
J	Gantz, A; Yanez, M				Gantz, Alberto; Yanez, Miguel			Breeding Biology of the Black-faced Ibis (Theristicus melanopis) in Southern Chile	WATERBIRDS			English	Article						breeding success; clutch size; ibis; Mayfield estimator; nest predation; pastures; reproduction; southern Chile	PARAKEET ENICOGNATHUS-LEPTORHYNCHUS; LIFE-HISTORY EVOLUTION; CAVITY-NESTING BIRDS; SCARLET IBIS; CLUTCH SIZE; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; GERONTICUS-EREMITA; HABITAT SELECTION; FOOD AVAILABILITY; PREY SELECTION	The breeding parameters of the Black-faced Ibis (Theristicus melanopis) in pastures of southern Chile between 5 July and 30 November 2014 were evaluated. Thirty active nests were monitored in an area of 31 km(2), using a mirror mounted on a 13-m retractable aluminum pole. Each nest was visited once a week. The Black-faced Ibis presented an asynchronous posture period, with a maximum of three egg clutches. The first eggs were laid on 6 August 2014, and the mean incubation period was 28.66 (+/- 4.41) days. Mean clutch size during the first posture was 2.23 (+/- 0.73) with a range of one to three eggs per nest. None of the structural parameters of the nesting site evaluated were related to clutch size. The nests were oriented with a mean angle of 218 SW. Hatching of the chicks began on 25 September 2014, and the mean period of parental care lasted 36.67 (+/- 14.49) days. The apparent hatching success was 0.54, the fledging success was 0.40, and the total breeding cycle success was 0.23 independent young per nest. Predation explained the 56.7% nest loss. Chimango Caracara (Milvago chimango) was the main predator of eggs and chicks. The Mayfield estimator indicated a daily survival probability of 4.4% for the incubation cycle, 26.2% for the fledglings and 11.3% for the total breeding cycle.	[Gantz, Alberto] Univ Los Lagos, Lab Ecol, Dept Ciencias Biol & Biodiversidad, Ave Fuchslocher 1305,Casilla 933, Osorno, Chile; [Yanez, Miguel] Univ Bio Bio, Dept Estadist, Ave Collao 1202,Casilla 5-C, Concepcion, Chile	Gantz, A (reprint author), Univ Los Lagos, Lab Ecol, Dept Ciencias Biol & Biodiversidad, Ave Fuchslocher 1305,Casilla 933, Osorno, Chile.	agantz@ulagos.cl		Yanez Alvarado, Miguel/0000-0001-5483-3428			Borges FJA, 2010, BIODIVERS CONSERV, V19, P223, DOI 10.1007/s10531-009-9718-z; Araya B., 1984, GUIA CAMPO AYES CHIL; Ardia DR, 2006, J AVIAN BIOL, V37, P252, DOI 10.1111/j.2006.0908-8857.03624.x; Beerens JM, 2011, AUK, V128, P651, DOI 10.1525/auk.2011.10165; Belhadj G., 2007, EUROPEAN J SCI RES, V19, P58; Birdlife International, 2013, SPEC FACTSH THER MEL; Boatman ND, 2004, IBIS, V146, P131, DOI 10.1111/j.1474-919X.2004.00347.x; Bowden CGR, 2003, IBIS, V145, P419, DOI 10.1046/j.1474-919X.2003.00181.x; Bradbury RB, 2000, J APPL ECOL, V37, P789, DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2664.2000.00552.x; Campbell B, 1985, DICT OF BIRDS; Carneiro APB, 2012, CONDOR, V114, P166, DOI 10.1525/cond.2011.100127; Corporacion Nacional del Medio Ambiente, 2008, BIOD CHIL PERSP DES; DOBKIN DS, 1995, CONDOR, V97, P694, DOI 10.2307/1369178; DONAZAR JA, 1994, CONDOR, V96, P994, DOI 10.2307/1369108; Fjeldsa J, 1990, BIRDS HIGH ANDES; Gonzalez JA, 1999, J FIELD ORNITHOL, V70, P18; Hancock JA, 1992, STORKS IBISES SPOONB; Hatchwell BJ, 1999, AUK, V116, P355, DOI 10.2307/4089370; Heath JA, 2003, GEN COMP ENDOCR, V133, P118, DOI 10.1016/S0016-6480(03)00155-2; Hellmayr C. 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F., 1985, ORNITHOLOGICAL MONOG, V36, P575, DOI DOI 10.2307/40168306; Smith KW, 2008, IBIS, V150, P728, DOI 10.1111/j.1474-919X.2008.00844.x; Subiabre A., 1994, GEOGRAFFA FISICA REG; Torres R, 2006, ORNITOL NEOTROP, V17, P63; URBAN EK, 1974, IBIS, V116, P263, DOI 10.1111/j.1474-919X.1974.tb00124.x; van Wieringen M., 1990, IWRB SPECIAL PUBLICA, V11, P7; Vizcarra Jhonson K., 2009, Boletin Chileno de Ornitologia, V15, P104; YOMTOV Y, 1994, CONDOR, V96, P170, DOI 10.2307/1369074; Zar J.H, 1984, BIOSTATISTICAL ANAL	64	2	2	0	9	WATERBIRD SOC	WASHINGTON	NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA	1524-4695	1938-5390		WATERBIRDS	Waterbirds	DEC	2016	39	4					346	355		10.1675/063.039.0404				10	Ornithology	Zoology	EE9SH	WOS:000389966000003					2019-02-21	
J	Kwan, L; Dobkin, AN; Rodd, FH; Rowe, L				Kwan, Lucia; Dobkin, Adam N.; Rodd, F. Helen; Rowe, Locke			A Potential Cost of Long Genitalia in Male Guppies: the Effects of Current Speed on Reproductive Behaviour	ETHOLOGY			English	Article						gonopodium; current speed; Poecilia reticulata; mating tatics	LIFE-HISTORY EVOLUTION; POECILIA-RETICULATA; SWIMMING PERFORMANCE; TRINIDADIAN GUPPIES; COURTSHIP BEHAVIOR; SEXUAL SEGREGATION; PREDATION RISK; PATTERNS; SELECTION; CONFLICT	In the fish family Poeciliidae, male genitalia, the gonopodia, are remarkably diverse across species; however, we still do not have a good understanding of the evolutionary processes promoting this diversity. For one trait, gonopodium length, several studies support a role for sexual conflict in selection for longer gonopodia. However, genital elongation may come at a cost of reduced locomotor abilities (e.g. resulting from greater drag and resistance). In this study, we were interested in the potential role of natural selection on the evolution of gonopodium length in poeciliids. Specifically, we asked whether a greater genital length impedes male reproductive behaviours at higher flow rates in the Trinidadian guppy, Poecilia reticulata. Using a flow chamber, males were placed with females in low- and high-flow regimes and reproductive behaviours were measured. We did not find evidence for a cost of bearing a longer gonopodium at high flow. However, males did alter their mating tactics in response to current flow. We discuss the implications of our findings, in the light of habitat selection, on the forms of selection operating on gonopodium length and the mating interactions between the sexes in poeciliids.	[Kwan, Lucia; Dobkin, Adam N.; Rodd, F. Helen; Rowe, Locke] Univ Toronto, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 25 Willcocks St, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada	Kwan, L (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 25 Willcocks St, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada.	luciaokwan@gmail.com			Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); NSERC; Canada Research Chair	We would like to thank the Rodd and Rowe laboratories, Hernan Lopez-Fernandez, and John Stinchcombe for useful feedback and discussion; the anonymous referees for their suggestions; Pedro Peres-Neto and his Canada Foundation for Innovation grant for the use of his the flow chamber; Bill Sloan, Scott Ferguson, and Liset Cruz-Font for assistance with transporting the flow chamber; Lauren Malatesta for significant contributions to the development of the design and methods of this experiment; and Stephen De Lisle and Alex De Serrano for statistical advice. This study was supported by Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) scholarship to LK, NSERC grants to FHR and LR, and Canada Research Chair funding to LR.	Arnqvist G, 1997, BIOL J LINN SOC, V60, P365; Basolo AL, 2003, P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI, V270, P1631, DOI 10.1098/rspb.2003.2388; Blumstein DT, 2000, JWATCHER; CHAMBERS J, 1987, J FISH BIOL, V30, P389, DOI 10.1111/j.1095-8649.1987.tb05764.x; Cheng YY., 2004, THESIS; CLARK EUGENIE, 1951, ZOOLOGICA [NEW YORK], V36, P49; Constantz G.D., 1989, P33; Croft DP, 2006, AM NAT, V167, P867, DOI 10.1086/504853; Croft DP, 2004, ENVIRON BIOL FISH, V71, P127, DOI 10.1007/s10641-003-0092-5; Eberhard W. 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J	Midwood, JD; Larsen, MH; Aarestrup, K; Cooke, SJ				Midwood, Jonathan D.; Larsen, Martin H.; Aarestrup, Kim; Cooke, Steven J.			Stress and food deprivation: linking physiological state to migration success in a teleost fish	JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY			English	Article						Glucocorticoid; Stress; Starvation; Passive integrated transponder tags; Freshwater; Brown trout	TROUT SALMO-TRUTTA; JUVENILE CHINOOK SALMON; BROWN TROUT; ATLANTIC SALMON; LIFE-HISTORY; RAINBOW-TROUT; ENVIRONMENTAL-FACTORS; SWIMMING PERFORMANCE; SEAWATER ADAPTATION; GROWTH COMPENSATION	Food deprivation is a naturally occurring stressor that is thought to influence the ultimate life-history strategy of individuals. Little is known about how food deprivation interacts with other stressors to influence migration success. European populations of brown trout (Salmo trutta) exhibit partial migration, whereby a portion of the population smoltifies and migrates to the ocean, and the rest remain in their natal stream. This distinct, natural dichotomy of life-history strategies provides an excellent opportunity to explore the roles of energetic state (as affected by food deprivation) and activation of the glucocorticoid stress response in determining life-history strategy and survival of a migratory species. Using an experimental approach, the relative influences of short-term food deprivation and experimental cortisol elevation (i. e. intra-coelomic injection of cortisol suspended in cocoa butter) on migratory status, survival and growth of juvenile brown trout relative to a control were evaluated. Fewer fish migrated in both the food deprivation and cortisol treatments; however, migration of fish in cortisol and control treatments occurred at the same time while that of fish in the food deprivation treatment was delayed for approximately 1 week. A significantly greater proportion of trout in the food deprivation treatment remained in their natal stream, but unlike the cortisol treatment, there were no long-term negative effects of food deprivation on growth, relative to the control. Overall survival rates were comparable between the food deprivation and control treatments, but significantly lower for fish in the cortisol treatment. Food availability and individual energetic state appear to dictate the future life-history strategy (migrate or remain resident) of juvenile salmonids while experimental elevation of the stress hormone cortisol causes impaired growth and reduced survival of both resident and migratory individuals.	[Midwood, Jonathan D.; Cooke, Steven J.] Carleton Univ, Dept Biol, Fish Ecol & Conservat Physiol Lab, 1125 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada; [Midwood, Jonathan D.; Cooke, Steven J.] Carleton Univ, Inst Environm Sci, 1125 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada; [Larsen, Martin H.; Aarestrup, Kim] Tech Univ Denmark, Freshwater Fisheries, Natl Inst Aquat Resources, Vejlsovej 39, DK-8600 Silkeborg, Denmark	Midwood, JD (reprint author), Carleton Univ, Dept Biol, Fish Ecol & Conservat Physiol Lab, 1125 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.; Midwood, JD (reprint author), Carleton Univ, Inst Environm Sci, 1125 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.	midwoodj@gmail.com			Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grant; Danish National Fishing License Funds; Svenska Forskningsradet Formas; Canada Research Chairs program	Funding for this project was provided by a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grant awarded to S.J.C. and grants to the Technical University of Denmark from the Danish National Fishing License Funds, and the Svenska Forskningsradet Formas. S.J.C. is further supported by the Canada Research Chairs program.	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Exp. Biol.	DEC 1	2016	219	23					3712	3718		10.1242/jeb.140665				7	Biology	Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics	ED4IV	WOS:000388812200011	27618858	Green Published, Bronze			2019-02-21	
J	Peron, G; Gaillard, JM; Barbraud, C; Bonenfant, C; Charmantier, A; Choquet, R; Coulson, T; Grosbois, V; Loison, A; Marzolin, G; Owen-Smith, N; Pardo, D; Plard, F; Pradel, R; Toigo, C; Gimenez, O				Peron, Guillaume; Gaillard, Jean-Michel; Barbraud, Christophe; Bonenfant, Christophe; Charmantier, Anne; Choquet, Remi; Coulson, Tim; Grosbois, Vladimir; Loison, Anne; Marzolin, Gilbert; Owen-Smith, Norman; Pardo, Deborah; Plard, Floriane; Pradel, Roger; Toigo, Carole; Gimenez, Olivier			Evidence of reduced individual heterogeneity in adult survival of long-lived species	EVOLUTION			English	Article						Capture-recapture; comparative analyses; individual differences; life-history evolution; mixture models; random-effect models; vertebrates	CAPTURE-RECAPTURE MODELS; LIFE-HISTORY TRAITS; JOLLY-SEBER MODEL; GENERATION TIME; MARKED ANIMALS; POPULATIONS; SENESCENCE; AGE; MORTALITY; EVOLUTION	The canalization hypothesis postulates that the rate at which trait variation generates variation in the average individual fitness in a population determines how buffered traits are against environmental and genetic factors. The ranking of a species on the slow-fast continuum - the covariation among life-history traits describing species-specific life cycles along a gradient going from a long life, slow maturity, and low annual reproductive output, to a short life, fast maturity, and high annual reproductive output - strongly correlates with the relative fitness impact of a given amount of variation in adult survival. Under the canalization hypothesis, long-lived species are thus expected to display less individual heterogeneity in survival at the onset of adulthood, when reproductive values peak, than short-lived species. We tested this life-history prediction by analysing long-term time series of individual-based data in nine species of birds and mammals using capture-recapture models. We found that individual heterogeneity in survival was higher in species with short-generation time (< 3 years) than in species with long generation time (> 4 years). Our findings provide the first piece of empirical evidence for the canalization hypothesis at the individual level from the wild.	[Peron, Guillaume] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA; [Peron, Guillaume; Gaillard, Jean-Michel; Bonenfant, Christophe; Plard, Floriane] UCB Lyon 1, UMR 5558, CNRS, LBBE Biometrie & Biol Evolut, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France; [Barbraud, Christophe] Univ La Rochelle, CNRS, Ctr Etud Biol Chize, UMR 7372, F-79360 Villiers En Bois, France; [Charmantier, Anne; Choquet, Remi; Marzolin, Gilbert; Pardo, Deborah; Pradel, Roger; Gimenez, Olivier] Univ Paul Valery Montpellier, EPHE, Univ Montpellier, CEFE,UMR 5175,CNRS, 1919 Route Mende, F-34293 Montpellier 5, France; [Coulson, Tim] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Oxford OX1 3PS, England; [Grosbois, Vladimir] UR AGIRs Anim & Gest Integree Risques, TA C 22-E Campus Int Baillarguet, F-34398 Montpellier 5, France; [Loison, Anne] Univ Savoie Mt Blanc, Lab Ecol Alpine, F-73376 Le Bourget Du Lac, France; [Loison, Anne] CNRS, Lab Ecol Alpine, F-38000 Grenoble, France; [Owen-Smith, Norman] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Anim Plant & Environm Sci, Ctr African Ecol, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa; [Plard, Floriane] Swiss Ornithol Inst, CH-6204 Sempach, Switzerland; [Toigo, Carole] ONCFS Unite Faune Montagne, 5 Allee Bethleem, F-38610 Zi De Mayencin, Gieres, France	Peron, G (reprint author), Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA.; Peron, G (reprint author), UCB Lyon 1, UMR 5558, CNRS, LBBE Biometrie & Biol Evolut, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.	peron_guillaume@yahoo.fr	Choquet, Remi/F-6462-2011; Gimenez, Olivier/G-4281-2010	PERON, Guillaume/0000-0002-6311-4377; Owen-Smith, Norman/0000-0001-8429-1201; Bonenfant, Christophe/0000-0002-9924-419X	IPEV program [109]; Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage; BioAdapt grant [ANR-12-ADAP-0006-02-PEPS]; ANR grant [08-JCJC-0028-01]	We thank everyone involved in fieldwork and data management for the long-term monitoring of marked individuals. Critical support for the longterm studies was provided by IPEV program no109, Zone Atelier Antarctique, and TAAF; Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage; BioAdapt grant ANR-12-ADAP-0006-02-PEPS to A.C.; ANR grant 08-JCJC-0028-01 to O.G. This is a contribution of the GDR 3645 "Statistical Ecology." We are most grateful to Stephen Dobson for insightful comments on an earlier draft of this article.	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J	Pamminger, T; Buttstedt, A; Norman, V; Schierhorn, A; Botias, C; Jones, JC; Bosley, K; Hughes, WOH				Pamminger, T.; Buttstedt, A.; Norman, V.; Schierhorn, A.; Botias, C.; Jones, J. C.; Bosley, K.; Hughes, W. O. H.			The effects of juvenile hormone on Lasius niger reproduction	JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY			English	Article						Social insects; Ants; Endocrinology; Regulatory architecture; Gonadotropin	HONEY-BEE; QUEENS; ANT; VITELLOGENIN; GONADOTROPIN; HYMENOPTERA; LONGEVITY; PROTEINS; WORKERS; COSTS	Reproduction has been shown to be costly for survival in a wide diversity of taxa. The resulting trade-off, termed the reproduction-survival trade-off, is thought to be one of the most fundamental forces of life history evolution. In insects the pleiotropic effect of juvenile hormone OH), antagonistically regulating reproduction and pathogen resistance, is suggested to underlie this phenomenon. In contrast to the majority of insects, reproductive individuals in many eusocial insects defy this trade-off and live both long and prosper. By remodelling the gonadotropic effects of JH in reproductive regulation, the queens of the long-lived black garden ant Lasius niger (living up to 27 years), have circumvented the reproduction-survival trade off enabling them to maximize both reproduction and pathogen resistance simultaneously. In this study we measure fertility, vitellogenin gene expression and protein levels after experimental manipulation of hormone levels. We use these measurements to investigate the mechanistic basis of endocrinological role remodelling in reproduction and determine how JH suppresses reproduction in this species, rather then stimulating it, like in the majority of insects. We find that JH likely inhibits three key aspects of reproduction both during vitellogenesis and oogenesis, including two previously unknown mechanisms. In addition, we document that juvenile hormone, as in the majority of insects, has retained some stimulatory function in regulating vitellogenin expression. We discuss the evolutionary consequences of this complex regulatory architecture of reproduction in L. niger, which might enable the evolution of similar reproductive phenotypes by alternate regulatory pathways, and the surprising flexibility regulatory role of juvenile hormone in this process. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	[Pamminger, T.; Norman, V.; Botias, C.; Jones, J. C.; Bosley, K.; Hughes, W. O. H.] Univ Sussex, Sch Life Sci, Brighton BN1 9QG, E Sussex, England; [Buttstedt, A.] Martin Luther Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Biol, Mol Okol, D-06099 Halle, Germany; [Schierhorn, A.] Martin Luther Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Biochem, D-06099 Halle, Germany	Pamminger, T (reprint author), Univ Sussex, Sch Life Sci, Brighton BN1 9QG, E Sussex, England.	t.pamminger@sussex.ac.uk	Botias, Cristina/L-4918-2017; Buttstedt, Anja/B-5281-2012	Botias, Cristina/0000-0002-3891-9931; Buttstedt, Anja/0000-0003-2299-7000; Pamminger, Tobias/0000-0003-1257-3829; Jones, Julia C/0000-0002-3557-1941	FP7 Marie Curie Fellowship [PIEF-GA-2013-626585]; Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [1284276]	TP was funded by FP7 Marie Curie Fellowship PIEF-GA-2013-626585.	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J	Hordyk, AR; Ono, K; Prince, JD; Walters, CJ				Hordyk, Adrian R.; Ono, Kotaro; Prince, Jeremy D.; Walters, Carl J.			A simple length-structured model based on life history ratios and incorporating size-dependent selectivity: application to spawning potential ratios for data-poor stocks	CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES			English	Article							SMALL-SCALE FISHERIES; BERTALANFFY GROWTH-PARAMETERS; NATURAL MORTALITY; INDIVIDUAL VARIABILITY; FREQUENCY DATA; RED GROUPER; FISH; MANAGEMENT; AGE; STRATEGIES	Selectivity in fish is often size-dependent, which results in differential fishing mortality rates across fish of the same age, an effect known as "Lee's Phenomenon". We extend previous work on using length composition to estimate the spawning potential ratio (SPR) for data-limited stocks by developing a computationally efficient length-structured per-recruit model that splits the population into a number of subcohorts, or growth-type-groups, to account for size-dependent fishing mortality rates. Two simple recursive equations, using the life history ratio of the natural mortality rate to the von Bertalanffy growth parameter (M/K), were developed to generate length composition data, reducing the complexity of the previous approach. Using simulated and empirical data, we demonstrate that ignoring Lee's Phenomenon results in overestimates of fishing mortality and negatively biased estimates of SPR. We also explored the behaviour of the model under various scenarios, including alternative life history strategies and the presence of size-dependent natural mortality. The model developed in this paper may be a useful tool to estimate the SPR for data-limited stock where it is not possible to apply more conventional methods.	[Hordyk, Adrian R.; Prince, Jeremy D.] Murdoch Univ, Ctr Fish & Fisheries Res, 90 South St, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; [Ono, Kotaro] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA; [Prince, Jeremy D.] Biospherics Pty Ltd, POB 168, South Fremantle, WA 6162, Australia; [Walters, Carl J.] Univ British Columbia, Inst Oceans & Fisheries, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada	Hordyk, AR (reprint author), Murdoch Univ, Ctr Fish & Fisheries Res, 90 South St, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.	a.hordyk@murdoch.edu.au	Hordyk, Adrian/P-2539-2017	Hordyk, Adrian/0000-0001-5620-3446	David and Lucille Packard Foundation; Murdoch University; Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean under NOAA [NA15OAR4320063, 2653]	We are grateful to the David and Lucille Packard Foundation for funding and support for this study. A.H. was also supported by Murdoch University. This publication is partially funded by the Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean under NOAA Cooperative Agreement NA15OAR4320063, Contribution No. 2653. We thank J. Cope, T. Gedamke, H. Geremont, N. Gutierrez, A. MacCall, and S. Valencia for valuable comments and suggestions in a workshop relating to this research. N. Loneragan also provided useful comments that improved the quality of the paper. We are grateful to the editor and three anonymous reviewers, whose comments and suggestions greatly improved the paper.	Andersen KH, 2015, FISH FISH, V16, P1, DOI 10.1111/faf.12042; Andrew NL, 2007, FISH FISH, V8, P227, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-2679.2007.00252.x; Bene C, 2003, WORLD DEV, V31, P949, DOI 10.1016/S0305-750X(03)00045-7; Bentley N, 2015, ICES J MAR SCI, V72, P186, DOI 10.1093/icesjms/fsu023; BEVERTON RJH, 1992, J FISH BIOL, V41, P137, DOI 10.1111/j.1095-8649.1992.tb03875.x; Botsford L. 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J	Samsing, F; Oppedal, F; Dalvin, S; Johnsen, I; Vagseth, T; Dempster, T				Samsing, Francisca; Oppedal, Frode; Dalvin, Sussie; Johnsen, Ingrid; Vagseth, Tone; Dempster, Tim			Salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) development times, body size, and reproductive outputs follow universal models of temperature dependence	CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES			English	Article							LIFE-HISTORY STRATEGIES; ATLANTIC SALMON; EGG SIZE; SEA LICE; MARINE-INVERTEBRATES; PARASITIC COPEPODS; CALIGUS-ELONGATUS; VAN NOORDWIJK; JONG MODEL; TRADE-OFFS	Temperatures regulate metabolism of marine ectotherms and thereby influence development, reproduction, and, as a consequence, dispersal. Despite the importance of water temperatures in the epidemiology of marine diseases, for the parasitic copepod Lepeophtheirus salmonis, the effect of high and low temperatures has not been methodically investigated. Here, we examined the effects of a wide temperature range (3-20 degrees C) on L. salmonis larval development, adult body size, reproductive outputs, and infestation success. Further, we tested if dispersal of salmon lice differed with two temperature-dependent development times to the infective stage (30 and 60 degree-days) using an individual-based dispersal model. Development times followed universal models of temperature dependence described for other marine ectotherms. Water temperatures had a negative relationship with development times, adult body size, and reproductive outputs, except at 3 degrees C, where larvae failed to reach the infective stage and all parameters were decreased, indicating low temperatures are more detrimental than high temperatures. The predictable effect of temperatures on lice development and reproduction will have important applications, such as predicting dispersal and population connectivity, to assist in controlling lice epidemics.	[Samsing, Francisca; Dempster, Tim] Univ Melbourne, Sch BioSci, SALTT, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia; [Oppedal, Frode; Dalvin, Sussie; Johnsen, Ingrid; Vagseth, Tone; Dempster, Tim] Inst Marine Res, POB 1870, N-5817 Bergen, Norway	Samsing, F (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Sch BioSci, SALTT, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia.	samsing@student.unimelb.edu.au		Samsing, Francisca/0000-0002-6343-2295; Dempster, Tim/0000-0001-8041-426X	Norwegian Seafood Research Fund [901073]; Research Council of Norway [14567]; Australian Research Council Future Fellowship	This work was conducted with the assistance of Karen Anita Kvestad, Lise Dyrhovden, and Marita Larsen from the Institute of Marine Research. The project was funded by a Norwegian Seafood Research Fund grant to SD (Temperaturens innflytelse pa lakseluslarver: overlevelse og smittbarhet; grant No. 901073), a Research Council of Norway grant to FO, SD, and TD (Regional lice assessment-towards a model based management system; grant No. 14567), and an Australian Research Council Future Fellowship to TD. All experiments were conducted in accordance with the laws and regulations of the Norwegian Regulation on Animal Experimentation 1996 under the permit No. 7754.	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J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.	DEC	2016	73	12					1841	1851		10.1139/cjfas-2016-0050				11	Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology	Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology	EC4QO	WOS:000388118700014					2019-02-21	
J	Nolin, DA; Ziker, JP				Nolin, David A.; Ziker, John P.			Reproductive Responses to Economic Uncertainty Fertility Decline in Post-Soviet Ust'-Avam, Siberia	HUMAN NATURE-AN INTERDISCIPLINARY BIOSOCIAL PERSPECTIVE			English	Article						Demographic transition; Hunter-gatherers; Life history theory; Birth spacing; Birth stopping; Birth postponement	UNITED-STATES; DEMOGRAPHIC-TRANSITION; DELAYED REPRODUCTION; NORTHERN SIBERIA; NATURAL DISASTER; DEVELOPED WORLD; ENVIRONMENTS; STRATEGIES; RUSSIA; BIRTH	In the face of economic and political changes following the end of the Soviet Union, total fertility rates fell significantly across the post-Soviet world. In this study we examine the dramatic fertility transition in one community in which the total fertility rate fell from approximately five children per woman before 1993 to just over one child per woman a decade later. We apply hypotheses derived from evolutionary ecology and demography to the question of fertility transition in the post-Soviet period, focusing on an indigenous community (Ust'-Avam) in the Taimyr Region, northern Russia. We employ a mixed parametric accelerated failure-time model that allows comparison of age at first birth, interbirth interval, and reproductive postponement or cessation prior to and following 1993. We find that short-term reproductive delay alone does not explain the dramatic drop in fertility in Ust'-Avam. Age at first birth remains constant. Interbirth intervals increase moderately. The estimated fraction of women who have ceased or indefinitely postponed reproducing doubles (for parities 2 through 4) or triples (for nulliparous women). We caution against assuming that environmental harshness necessarily leads to earlier and more rapid reproduction. An evolutionary theory of fertility responses to acute environmental shocks remains relatively undeveloped. In such contexts it is possible that selection favors a conservative reproductive strategy while more information is learned about the new environment. When investigating fertility responses to environmental stressors we suggest researchers examine postponement and stopping behavior in addition to changes in age at first birth and interbirth interval.	[Nolin, David A.] Univ Missouri, Dept Anthropol, 112 Swallow Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA; [Nolin, David A.] Univ Missouri, Life Sci & Soc Program, 112 Swallow Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA; [Ziker, John P.] Boise State Univ, Dept Anthropol, 1910 Univ Dr,MS 1950, Boise, ID 83725 USA	Nolin, DA (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Anthropol, 112 Swallow Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.; Nolin, DA (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Life Sci & Soc Program, 112 Swallow Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.	nolind@missouri.edu			American Council of Teachers of Russian; International Research and Exchanges Board; National Science Foundation [OPP 9528936, OPP 0631970]; L.B.S. Leakey Foundation; Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology	This research would not have been possible without the hospitality, goodwill, and cooperation of the people of the study community in the Taimyr Region. Thanks to Mary Shenk for helpful comments on earlier versions of this analysis, to Darryl Holman for assistance with his mle event-history analysis programming language, and to three anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. Funding for this research was provided by the American Council of Teachers of Russian (1993, 1996, and 2001), the International Research and Exchanges Board (1996), the National Science Foundation (1997) (OPP 9528936), the L.B.S. Leakey Foundation (2001), the Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology (2003), and the National Science Foundation (2006) (OPP 0631970). This study was performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional review boards at U Alaska Fairbanks and Boise State University, and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its amendments or comparable ethical standards. All conclusions are our own.	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DEC	2016	27	4			SI		351	371		10.1007/s12110-016-9267-6				21	Anthropology; Social Sciences, Biomedical	Anthropology; Biomedical Social Sciences	EC5WW	WOS:000388209000002	27595735				2019-02-21	
J	Naslund, J; Johnsson, JI				Naslund, Joacim; Johnsson, Jorgen I.			State-dependent behavior and alternative behavioral strategies in brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) fry	BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND SOCIOBIOLOGY			English	Article						Animal personality; Behavioral syndrome; Compensatory growth; Food restriction; Mirror aggression; Open-field activity; Repeatability	JUVENILE COHO SALMON; CHARR SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; LIFE-HISTORY STRATEGIES; WILD SEA-TROUT; PACE-OF-LIFE; ATLANTIC SALMON; GROWTH-RATE; BODY-SIZE; FOOD AVAILABILITY; RAINBOW-TROUT	Animals generally adjust their behavior in response to bodily state (e.g., size and energy reserves) to optimize energy intake in relation to mortality risk, weighing predation probability against the risk of starvation. Here, we investigated whether brown trout Salmo trutta adjust their behavior in relation to energetic status and body size during a major early-life selection bottleneck, when fast growth is important. Over two consecutive time periods (P1 and P2; 12 and 23 days, respectively), food availability was manipulated, using four different combinations of high (H) and low (L) rations (i.e., HH, HL, LH, and LL; first and second letter denoting ration during P1 and P2, respectively). Social effects were excluded through individual isolation. Following the treatment periods, fish in the HL treatment were on average 15-21 % more active than the other groups in a forced open-field test, but large within-treatment variation provided only weak statistical support for this effect. Furthermore, fish on L-ration during P2 tended to be more actively aggressive towards their mirror image than fish on H-ration. Body size was related to behavioral expression, with larger fish being more active and aggressive. Swimming activity and active aggression were positively correlated, forming a behavioral syndrome in the studied population. Based on these behavioral traits, we could also distinguish two behavioral clusters: one consisting of more active and aggressive individuals and the other consisting of less active and aggressive individuals. This indicates that brown trout fry adopt distinct behavioral strategies early in life. This paper provides information on the state-dependence of behavior in animals, in particular young brown trout. On the one hand, our data suggest a weak energetic state feedback where activity and aggression is increased as a response to short term food restriction. This suggests a limited scope for behavioral alterations in the face of starvation. On the other hand, body size is linked to higher activity and aggression, likely as a positive feedback between size and dominance. The experiment was carried out during the main population survival bottleneck, and the results indicate that growth is important during this stage, as 1) behavioral compensation to increase growth is limited, and 2) growth likely increases the competitive ability. However, our data also suggests that the population separates into two clusters, based on combined scores of activity and aggression (which are positively linked within individuals). Thus, apart from an active and aggressive strategy, there seems to be another more passive behavioral strategy.	[Naslund, Joacim; Johnsson, Jorgen I.] Univ Gothenburg, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, Box 463, S-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden	Naslund, J (reprint author), Univ Gothenburg, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, Box 463, S-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden.	joacim.naslund@gmail.com			Helge Ax:son Johnsons stiftelse; Wilhelm och Martina Lundgrens Vetenskapsfond; Swedish Research Council Formas	We thank Lin Sandquist and Christina Claesson for their assistance during field collection and in the laboratory. We are also grateful to the comments from three anonymous reviewers on a previous version of this manuscript. This study was funded by Helge Ax:son Johnsons stiftelse (JN), Wilhelm och Martina Lundgrens Vetenskapsfond (JN), and the Swedish Research Council Formas (JIJ).	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Ecol. Sociobiol.	DEC	2016	70	12					2111	2125		10.1007/s00265-016-2215-y				15	Behavioral Sciences; Ecology; Zoology	Behavioral Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology	EB8QW	WOS:000387656900012	27881895	Other Gold, Green Published			2019-02-21	
J	Galatowitsch, ML; McIntosh, AR				Galatowitsch, Mark L.; McIntosh, Angus R.			Developmental constraints control generalist invertebrate distributions across a gradient of unpredictable disturbance	FRESHWATER SCIENCE			English	Article						life-history flexibility; unpredictable disturbance; predator-permanence gradient; freshwater temporary ponds	LIFE-HISTORY PLASTICITY; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; TIME CONSTRAINTS; NEW-ZEALAND; TRADE-OFFS; HETEROGENEOUS ENVIRONMENTS; GROWTH; EVOLUTION; COMMUNITIES; SPECIALISTS	Mechanisms underpinning flexible life-history strategies have rarely been tested in hydrologically unpredictable ecosystems where generalists may have life-history trade-offs and developmental constraints that limit their distributions. We investigated in situ nymphal growth and developmental strategies of 2 generalists, Xanthocnemis zealandica and Sigara arguta, across a habitat-permanence gradient. In response to temporary pond drying, we anticipated a flexible generalist response with rapid growth and shorter development, resulting in smaller adult size. In comparison, we expected nymphs living in permanent lakes with predatory fish to extend growth and development in favor of larger adult size. Both species maximized growth rates in temporary ponds but had different developmental strategies that influenced their distribution. Xanthocnemis zealandica had longer development requirements (125 d), which limited their distribution in less predictable temporary ponds, whereas S. arguta were less constrained in development (56 d) and inhabited more temporary ponds. The longer development time of X. zealandica meant they benefited from flexible life-history traits: shorter development, limited desiccation tolerance in temporary ponds, and extended development and predator avoidance in permanent habitats. Sigara arguta had an opportunistic life-history strategy with a fixed, rapid developmental response across the permanence gradient and rapid colonization of refilled temporary ponds. This fixed strategy meant S. arguta was intolerant of drying and, in permanent lakes, was found only in shallow refuges from fish. Neither species differed in adult size across the permanence gradient. Our study shows how life-history strategies enable generalists to achieve broad distributions in a heterogeneous waterscape, and that resilience and flexibility to local selection pressures depend on the constraints of their phenologies.	[Galatowitsch, Mark L.; McIntosh, Angus R.] Univ Canterbury, Sch Biol Sci, Ctr Integrat Ecol, Christchurch, New Zealand; [Galatowitsch, Mark L.] Ctr Coll Danville, Dept Biol, 600 West Walnut St, Danville, KY 40422 USA	Galatowitsch, ML (reprint author), Univ Canterbury, Sch Biol Sci, Ctr Integrat Ecol, Christchurch, New Zealand.; Galatowitsch, ML (reprint author), Ctr Coll Danville, Dept Biol, 600 West Walnut St, Danville, KY 40422 USA.	mark.galatowitsch@centre.edu; angus.mcintosh@canterbury.ac.nz	McIntosh, Angus/B-2992-2011	McIntosh, Angus/0000-0003-2696-8813	Miss E. L. Hellaby Indigenous Grasslands Trust; Educate New Zealand International Doctoral Scholarship	This research was funded by the Miss E. L. Hellaby Indigenous Grasslands Trust with further financial support from an Educate New Zealand International Doctoral Scholarship to MLG. Justyna Giejsztowt, Amanda Klemmer, Steve Pohe, and Sophie Hunt assisted in the field, and Linda Morris and Nicole Lauren-Manuera provided laboratory and technical support. We are grateful to the Department of Conservation (DOC) and Craigieburn and Molesworth Stations for access to field sites and to the University of Canterbury (UC) for use of the Cass field station. Additional hydrology data were provided by Hugh Robertson (DOC). Precipitation data were provided by Environment Canterbury, the National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research CliFlo database, and University of Canterbury (UC) Center for Atmospheric Research. We thank UC's Freshwater Ecology Research Group for support, and Christoph Matthaei, Jenny Davis, Michael Winterbourn, and 2 anonymous referees for comments that improved the manuscript.	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J	Henriques-Silva, R; Pinel-Alloul, B; Peres-Neto, PR				Henriques-Silva, Renato; Pinel-Alloul, Bernadette; Peres-Neto, Pedro R.			Climate, history and life-history strategies interact in explaining differential macroecological patterns in freshwater zooplankton	GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY			English	Article						Allee effect; cladocerans; copepods; latitudinal diversity gradient; Rapoport's rule; temperate lakes	GEOGRAPHIC RANGE SIZE; LATITUDINAL DIVERSITY GRADIENT; SPECIES-RICHNESS; CRUSTACEAN ZOOPLANKTON; BETA DIVERSITY; GENE FLOW; COMMUNITY; DISPERSAL; LIMITS; SCALE	AimWe investigated how freshwater microcrustaceans with different susceptibilities to Allee effects differ in the distribution of their geographical range size (GRS) and diversity along latitudinal gradients, evaluating the importance of climatic and historical factors in explaining these differences. We hypothesized that sexual copepods would have a smaller GRS and that their distribution would be linked to historical processes due to mate-finding Allee effects during colonization. Given that cyclic parthenogenetic cladocerans avoid these Allee effects, we predicted that they would exhibit a larger GRS and their distribution would be related to climatic factors rather than dispersal limitation. LocationCanadian watersheds, North America. MethodsWe used a database containing the presence-absence of freshwater zooplankton across 1665 Canadian lakes along a latitudinal gradient of 40 degrees. We computed GRS using minimum convex polygons encompassing all lakes in which each species was present. We pooled the diversity of lakes within watersheds, and computed linear regressions models between watershed diversity and average GRS with the average latitude, distance from a glacial refugium and environmental variables of the watershed. All analyses were performed separately for cladocerans and copepods. ResultsCladocerans exhibited, on average, a GRS 70% larger than that of copepods. We found a strong relationship between diversity (negative) and average GRS (positive) with latitude for cladocerans but not for copepods. Cladoceran macroecological patterns were mainly explained by climatic factors, whereas the lack of latitudinal gradients in copepods was potentially due to the influence of a northern glacial refuge and dispersal limitation. Main conclusionsOur results show that Allee effects are strongly and negatively associated with GRS, influencing the relative importance of environmental filtering and dispersal limitation on species diversity patterns. We suggest that studies should avoid lumping species with large differences in their susceptibility to Allee effects in order to better disentangle the multiple processes affecting large-scale patterns.	[Henriques-Silva, Renato; Peres-Neto, Pedro R.] Univ Quebec, Dept Biol Sci, CP 8888,Succ Ctr Ville, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada; [Henriques-Silva, Renato; Pinel-Alloul, Bernadette; Peres-Neto, Pedro R.] Quebec Ctr Biodivers Sci, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, Canada; [Pinel-Alloul, Bernadette] Univ Montreal, Dept Biol Sci, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada; [Pinel-Alloul, Bernadette] Univ Montreal, GRIL, Grp Rech Interuniv Limnol & Environm Aquat, CP 6128,Succ Ctr Ville, Montreal, PQ, Canada	Henriques-Silva, R (reprint author), Univ Quebec, Dept Biol Sci, CP 8888,Succ Ctr Ville, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada.	renatohenriques@gmail.com		Peres Neto, Pedro/0000-0002-5629-8067; Pinel-Alloul, Bernadette/0000-0002-1070-2968; Henriques da Silva, Renato/0000-0003-2731-2023	FQRNT (Fonds Quebecois de Recherche Nature et Technologies, Quebec, Canada) team research project programme grant; National Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC); Canada Research Chair in Spatial Modelling and Biodiversity; NSERC discovery grant	We are grateful to K. Patalas and A. Salki for compiling and providing the dataset as well as Mark C. Urban and Luc De Meester and three anonymous referees for fruitful comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. R.H.-S. was supported by a FQRNT (Fonds Quebecois de Recherche Nature et Technologies, Quebec, Canada) team research project programme grant. B.P.-A. was supported by discovery grants from the National Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC). P.R.P.-N. was supported by the Canada Research Chair in Spatial Modelling and Biodiversity and an NSERC discovery grant.	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Ecol. Biogeogr.	DEC	2016	25	12					1454	1465		10.1111/geb.12505				12	Ecology; Geography, Physical	Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography	EB9YA	WOS:000387752800005					2019-02-21	
J	Mondy, CP; Munoz, I; Doledec, S				Mondy, Cedric P.; Munoz, Isabel; Doledec, Sylvain			Life-history strategies constrain invertebrate community tolerance to multiple stressors: A case study in the Ebro basin	SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT			English	Article						Aquatic invertebrates; Trait combinations; Habitat template; Boosted regression trees; Mediterranean streams; Water scarcity	STREAM MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES; FRESH-WATER MACROINVERTEBRATES; LARGE EUROPEAN RIVERS; BIOLOGICAL TRAITS; SPECIES TRAITS; AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS; HABITAT; SEDIMENT; ECOLOGY; TEMPLET	Context: Multiple stressors constitute a serious threat to aquatic ecosystems, particularly in the Mediterranean region where water scarcity is likely to interact with other anthropogenic stressors. Biological traits potentially allow the unravelling of the effects of multiple stressors. However, thus far, trait-based approaches have failed to fully deliver on their promise and still lack strong predictive power when multiple stressors are present. Goal: We aimed to quantify specific community tolerances against six anthropogenic stressors and investigate the responses of the underlying macroinvertebrate biological traits and their combinations. Methods: We built and calibrated boosted regression tree models to predict community tolerances using multiple biological traits with a priori hypotheses regarding their individual responses to specific stressors. We analysed the combinations of traits underlying community tolerance and the effect of trait association on this tolerance. Results: Our results validated the following three hypotheses: (i) the community tolerance models efficiently and robustly related trait combinations to stressor intensities and, to a lesser extent, to stressors related to the presence of dams and insecticides; (ii) the effects of traits on community tolerance not only depended on trait identity but also on the trait associations emerging at the community level from the co-occurrence of different traits in species; and (iii) the community tolerances and the underlying trait combinations were specific to the different stressors. Conclusion: This study takes a further step towards predictive tools in community ecology that consider combinations and associations of traits as the basis of stressor tolerance. Additionally, the community tolerance concept has potential application to help stream managers in the decision process regarding management options. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.	[Mondy, Cedric P.; Doledec, Sylvain] Univ Lyon 1, LEHNA, UMR 5023, Biodiversite & Plasticite Hydrosyst, Villeurbanne, France; [Munoz, Isabel] Univ Barcelona, Dept Ecol, Barcelona, Spain	Mondy, CP (reprint author), Univ Lyon 1, LEHNA, UMR 5023, Biodiversite & Plasticite Hydrosyst, Villeurbanne, France.	cedric.mondy@gmail.com		Mondy, Cedric/0000-0003-2788-0936; Munoz, Isabel/0000-0001-8110-9435	European Communities 7th Framework Program [603629-ENV-2013-6.2.1-Globaqua]	This work has been supported by the European Communities 7th Framework Program Funding under Grant agreement no. 603629-ENV-2013-6.2.1-Globaqua.	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Total Environ.	DEC 1	2016	572						196	206		10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.227				11	Environmental Sciences	Environmental Sciences & Ecology	EC0RA	WOS:000387807200021	27498381	Other Gold			2019-02-21	
J	Loehle, C				Loehle, Craig			Biomechanical constraints on tree architecture	TREES-STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION			English	Article						Allocation; Allometry; Biomechanics; Crown shape; Evolution; Mechanical support; Mortality; Wind	EFFECTIVE LEAF AREA; PIPE MODEL-THEORY; TERMINALIA-BRANCHING PATTERN; CROWN ARCHITECTURE; LIGHT INTERCEPTION; SIMULATION-MODEL; WIND DAMAGE; FOREST; GEOMETRY; GROWTH	Mechanical properties of wood constrain most conifers to an excurrent form and limit the width of tree crowns. Development of support tissue alters allometric relations during ontogeny. Biomechanical constraints on tree architecture are explored. Torque on a tree branch is a multiplicative function of mass and moment arm. As such, the need for support rises faster than branch length, which leads to increased taper as branch size increases. This violates assumptions of models, such as the pipe-model theory, for large trees and causes changing allometry with tree size or exposure. Thus, assumptions about optimal design for light capture, self-similarity, or optimal hydraulic architecture need to be modified to account for mechanical constraints and costs. In particular, it is argued that mechanical limitations of compression wood in conifers prevent members of this taxon from developing large branches. With decurrent form ruled out (for larger species), only a conical or excurrent form can develop. Wind is shown to be a major mortality risk for trees. Adaptations for wind include dynamic responses of wood properties and height. It is argued that an adaptation to wind could be the development of an open crown in larger trees to let the wind penetrate, thereby reducing wind-throw risk. It is thus argued that crown shape and branching may result not just from optimal light capture considerations but also from adaptation to and response to wind as well as from mechanical constraints. Results have implications for allometric theory, life history theory, and simulations of tree architecture.	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J	Kuan, SH				Kuan, Shu-Hui			Metamorphic strategies of the Indian rice frog, Fejervarya limnocharis, in response to irrigation regimes	TAIWANIA			English	Article							ANURAN LARVAL GROWTH; LIFE-HISTORY; RANA-TEMPORARIA; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; NATURAL-SELECTION; TEMPERATURE; TADPOLES; SIZE; PERFORMANCE; FITNESS	Organisms gain benefits from phenotypic plasticity by possessing traits better cope with environmental variations. Although cohort-dependent life-history strategy may be ubiquitous in amphibians, it is rarely studied. I investigated whether Indian rice frog, Fejervarya limnocharis, populations from cultivated fields with different irrigation regimes have differential cohort-dependent metamorphic strategies. I tested the hypothesis that populations inhabiting temporally disrupted breeding habitats would, while populations inhabiting temporally constant breeding habitats would not show cohort-dependent metamorphic strategies in response to seasonal temperature variation. I assessed cohort-dependent strategies by comparing metamorphic weight, age, and growth rate between spring and summer cohorts in response to low and high temperatures in a factorial common garden experiment. The results showed that the plasticity of metamorphic weight and age were both very extensive in the Indian rice frog. Tadpoles from disrupted irrigation (rice paddy) populations had cohort-dependent metamorphic strategies. In contrast, tadpoles from constant irrigation (water bamboo field) populations did not show cohort-dependent metamorphic strategies. More research on cohort-dependent life-history traits is badly needed to further our understanding the evolution of life history strategies.	[Kuan, Shu-Hui] Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 1,Sect 4,Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan	Kuan, SH (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 1,Sect 4,Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.	d94b44004@ntu.edu.tw					Alexander P.S., 1979, Journal of Asian Ecology, V1, P68; Altwegg R, 2003, EVOLUTION, V57, P872; Alvarez D, 2002, FUNCT ECOL, V16, P640, DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2435.2002.00658.x; Atkinson D, 1996, OIKOS, V77, P359, DOI 10.2307/3546078; Beck CW, 2000, FUNCT ECOL, V14, P32, DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2435.2000.00386.x; BERVEN KA, 1979, EVOLUTION, V33, P609, DOI 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1979.tb04714.x; BERVEN KA, 1983, AM ZOOL, V23, P85; Blouin MS, 2000, OECOLOGIA, V125, P358, DOI 10.1007/s004420000458; Cabrera-Guzman E, 2013, PLOS ONE, V8, DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0070121; Castaneda LE, 2006, PHYSIOL BIOCHEM ZOOL, V79, P919, DOI 10.1086/506006; Chuang M.F.A., 2006, THESIS; Gosner K. L., 1960, Herpetologica, V16, P183; HARKEY GA, 1988, COPEIA, P1001; Hsu JL, 2012, HERPETOLOGICA, V68, P184; Kaplan RH, 2006, EVOLUTION, V60, P142; Kingsolver JG, 2008, EVOL ECOL RES, V10, P251; Kuan SH, 2011, J ZOOL, V285, P165, DOI 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2011.00836.x; Kuan S.-H., 2016, THESIS; Lai Su-Ju, 2002, Acta Zoologica Taiwanica, V13, P11; Laugen AT, 2003, J EVOLUTION BIOL, V16, P996, DOI 10.1046/j.1420-9101.2003.00560.x; Liess A, 2013, J ANIM ECOL, V82, P1316, DOI 10.1111/1365-2656.12107; Lind MI, 2007, J EVOLUTION BIOL, V20, P1288, DOI 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2007.01353.x; Lind M.I., 2009, THESIS; Merila J, 2004, EVOL ECOL RES, V6, P727; Miner BG, 2005, TRENDS ECOL EVOL, V20, P685, DOI 10.1016/j.tree.2005.08.002; Mogali SM, 2011, CURR SCI INDIA, V101, P1219; Morey S, 2001, ECOLOGY, V82, P510, DOI 10.2307/2679876; NEWMAN RA, 1994, COPEIA, P372; NEWMAN RA, 1988, EVOLUTION, V42, P774, DOI 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1988.tb02495.x; Pigliucci M., 2001, PHENOTYPIC PLASTICIT; POUGH FH, 1984, OECOLOGIA, V65, P138, DOI 10.1007/BF00384476; Relyea RA, 2007, OECOLOGIA, V152, P389, DOI 10.1007/s00442-007-0675-5; Schlichting CD, 1998, PHENOTYPIC EVOLUTION; SINSCH U, 1988, OECOLOGIA, V76, P399, DOI 10.1007/BF00377035; Stahlberg F, 2001, J EVOLUTION BIOL, V14, P755, DOI 10.1046/j.1420-9101.2001.00333.x; Watkins TB, 2006, PHYSIOL BIOCHEM ZOOL, V79, P140, DOI 10.1086/498182; Wells K.D., 2007, ECOLOGY BEHAV AMPHIB, P559	37	0	0	1	1	NATL TAIWAN UNIV PRESS	TAIPEI	NO 1 SECTION 4, ROOSEVELT RD, TAIPEI, 106, TAIWAN	0372-333X			TAIWANIA	Taiwania	DEC	2016	61	4					271	278		10.6165/tai.2016.61.271				8	Plant Sciences; Horticulture	Plant Sciences; Agriculture	EE9SE	WOS:000389965700001		DOAJ Gold			2019-02-21	
J	Bradley, BJ; Snowdon, CT; McGrew, WC; Lawler, RR; Guevara, EE; McIntosh, A; O'Connor, T				Bradley, Brenda J.; Snowdon, Charles T.; McGrew, William C.; Lawler, Richard R.; Guevara, Elaine E.; McIntosh, Annick; O'Connor, Timothy			Non-human primates avoid the detrimental effects of prenatal androgen exposure in mixed-sex litters: combined demographic, behavioral, and genetic analyses	AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY			English	Article						aromatase; callitrichid; CYP19A1; strepsirrhine; testosterone; twins	TWINS REDUCE FITNESS; COTTON-TOP TAMARINS; FEMALE CO-TWINS; SAGUINUS-OEDIPUS; AMNIOTIC-FLUID; OPPOSITE-SEX; EVOLUTION; SIZE; AROMATASE; NUMBER	Producing single versus multiple births has important life history trade-offs, including the potential benefits and risks of sharing a common in utero environment. Sex hormones can diffuse through amniotic fluid and fetal membranes, and females with male littermates risk exposure to high levels of fetal testosterone, which are shown to have masculinizing effects and negative fitness consequences in many mammals. Whereas most primates give birth to single offspring, several New World monkey and strepsirrhine species regularly give birth to small litters. We examined whether neonatal testosterone exposure might be detrimental to females in mixed-sex litters by compiling data from long-term breeding records for seven primate species (Saguinus oedipus; Varecia variegata, Varecia rubra, Microcebus murinis, Mirza coquereli, Cheirogaleus medius, Galago moholi). Litter sex ratios did not differ from the expected 1:2:1 (MM:MF:FF for twins) and 1:2:2:1 (MMM:MMF:MFF:FFF for triplets). Measures of reproductive success, including female survivorship, offspring-survivorship, and inter-birth interval, did not differ between females born in mixed-sex versus all-female litters, indicating that litter-producing non-human primates, unlike humans and rodents, show no signs of detrimental effects from androgen exposure in mixed sex litters. Although we found no evidence for CYP19A1 gene duplicationsa hypothesized mechanism for coping with androgen exposurearomatase protein evolution shows patterns of convergence among litter-producing taxa. That some primates have effectively found a way to circumvent a major cost of multiple births has implications for understanding variation in litter size and life history strategies across mammals.	[Bradley, Brenda J.] George Washington Univ, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC USA; [Bradley, Brenda J.; Guevara, Elaine E.; McIntosh, Annick] Yale Univ, Dept Anthropol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA; [Snowdon, Charles T.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Psychol, 1202 W Johnson St, Madison, WI 53706 USA; [McGrew, William C.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Archaeol & Anthropol, Cambridge, England; [Lawler, Richard R.] James Madison Univ, Dept Sociol & Anthropol, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA; [O'Connor, Timothy] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Inst Genome Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA; [O'Connor, Timothy] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Program Personalized & Genom Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA; [O'Connor, Timothy] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA	Bradley, BJ (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Sci & Engn Hall,Suite 6000 CASHP,800 22nd NW, Washington, DC 20052 USA.	bradleyjbrenda@gwu.edu		Guevara, Elaine/0000-0003-1480-474X; O'Connor, Timothy/0000-0002-0276-1896	Yale Institute for Biospheric Studies - Program in Reproductive Ecology; Yale Reproductive Ecology Laboratory; USPHS [MH 029775, MH 035215]	This research was supported by Yale Institute for Biospheric Studies - Program in Reproductive Ecology, Yale Reproductive Ecology Laboratory and USPHS MH 029775 and MH 035215.	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J. Primatol.	DEC	2016	78	12					1304	1315		10.1002/ajp.22583				12	Zoology	Zoology	EB0ZZ	WOS:000387077200006	27434275				2019-02-21	
J	Amundsen, PA				Amundsen, Per-Arne			Contrasting life-history strategies facilitated by cannibalism in a stunted Arctic charr population	HYDROBIOLOGIA			English	Article						Life-history tradeoffs; Piscivory; Reproduction; Salvelinus alpinus; Sexual maturation; Somatic growth	SALVELINUS-ALPINUS L.; SIZE-STRUCTURED POPULATIONS; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; ONTOGENIC NICHE; POLYMORPHISM; COMPETITION; DYNAMICS; LAKES; SPECIALIZATION; SPECIATION	Life-history tradeoffs between energy investments in reproduction versus somatic growth may be highly important for fish populations suffering from food limitations. This study addresses life-history tradeoffs in a stunted Arctic charr population from a subarctic lake sampled annually over a 12-year period. The vast majority of charr matured early, grew slowly toward average adult sizes of 13-14 cm, and had a short longevity with few fish reaching ages older than 6 years. Some gender differences in life-history strategies related to sexual maturation were revealed, likely due to energetic constraints from high cost of egg production. Some charr followed a highly different growth trajectory, growing rapidly and attaining lengths > 40 cm. These fast-growing individuals matured later and reached higher ages than the stunted fish. Hence, there was a distinct tradeoff between early versus late sexual maturation, the former strategy resulting in short generation time enhancing the survival up to first spawning and the latter being related to a dietary shift to cannibalism resulting in increased growth and body size, and reproduction at a postponed maturation age. This dual pattern was sustained over the 12-year study period, apparently reflecting two contrasting stable strategies.	[Amundsen, Per-Arne] UiT Arctic Univ Norway, Fac Biosci Fisheries & Econ, Dept Arctic & Marine Biol, Tromso, Norway	Amundsen, PA (reprint author), UiT Arctic Univ Norway, Fac Biosci Fisheries & Econ, Dept Arctic & Marine Biol, Tromso, Norway.	per-arne.amundsen@uit.no					Adams CE, 1998, J FISH BIOL, V52, P1259, DOI 10.1006/jfbi.1998.0676; Agresti A., 2002, CATEGORICAL DATA ANA; AMUNDSEN PA, 1994, J FISH BIOL, V45, P181, DOI 10.1111/j.1095-8649.1994.tb01092.x; AMUNDSEN PA, 1995, ENVIRON BIOL FISH, V43, P285, DOI 10.1007/BF00005860; Amundsen PA, 1999, ECOL FRESHW FISH, V8, P43, DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0633.1999.tb00051.x; Amundsen PA, 2007, J ANIM ECOL, V76, P149, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2006.01179.x; Amundsen PA, 2008, ENVIRON BIOL FISH, V83, P45, DOI 10.1007/s10641-007-9262-1; Arrington DA, 2002, ECOLOGY, V83, P2145, DOI 10.1890/0012-9658(2002)083[2145:HODFRO]2.0.CO;2; Berg OK, 2010, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V652, P337, DOI 10.1007/s10750-010-0366-9; Borgstrom R, 2015, POLAR BIOL, V38, P309, DOI 10.1007/s00300-014-1587-6; Bystrom P, 2006, J ANIM ECOL, V75, P434, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2006.01064.x; Claessen D, 2000, AM NAT, V155, P219, DOI 10.1086/303315; Claessen D, 2002, ECOLOGY, V83, P1660, DOI 10.2307/3071986; Curtis M.A., 1984, P395; Finstad AG, 2006, OIKOS, V112, P73, DOI 10.1111/j.0030-1299.2006.13990.x; Finstad AG, 2000, CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI, V57, P1718, DOI 10.1139/cjfas-57-8-1718; Finstad AG, 2004, CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI, V61, P2151, DOI 10.1139/F04-157; Finstad AG, 2001, ECOL FRESHW FISH, V10, P220, DOI 10.1034/j.1600-0633.2001.100404.x; Hammar J, 2014, J FISH BIOL, V85, P81, DOI 10.1111/jfb.12321; Hammar J, 2000, OIKOS, V88, P33, DOI 10.1034/j.1600-0706.2000.880105.x; Henriksen EH, 2016, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V783, P37, DOI 10.1007/s10750-015-2589-2; Holden M.J., 1974, MANUAL FISHERIES SCI; Jensen H, 2012, J FISH BIOL, V80, P2448, DOI 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2012.03294.x; Jonsson B, 2001, J FISH BIOL, V58, P605, DOI 10.1006/jfbi.2000.1515; Klemetsen A, 2003, ECOL FRESHW FISH, V12, P1, DOI 10.1034/j.1600-0633.2003.00010.x; Klemetsen A., 2013, J ICHTHYOL, V53, P781; Klemetsen Anders, 2010, Freshwater Reviews, V3, P49, DOI 10.1608/FRJ-3.1.3; Knudsen R, 2016, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V783, P65, DOI 10.1007/s10750-015-2601-x; PARKER HH, 1991, J FISH BIOL, V38, P123, DOI 10.1111/j.1095-8649.1991.tb03098.x; Persson L, 2000, ECOLOGY, V81, P1058; SKULASON S, 1995, TRENDS ECOL EVOL, V10, P366, DOI 10.1016/S0169-5347(00)89135-1; Smalas A, 2013, J ICHTHYOL+, V53, P856, DOI DOI 10.1134/S0032945213100111; SNORRASON SS, 1994, BIOL J LINN SOC, V52, P1; Stearns S, 1992, EVOLUTION LIFE HIST; Svanback R, 2009, AM NAT, V174, P176, DOI 10.1086/600112; Svenning M. A., 1993, THESIS; Svenning MA, 2005, J FISH BIOL, V66, P957, DOI 10.1111/j.0022-1112.2005.00646.x; Svenning Martin-A., 1995, Nordic Journal of Freshwater Research, V71, P424; WERNER EE, 1984, ANNU REV ECOL SYST, V15, P393, DOI 10.1146/annurev.es.15.110184.002141; Werner EE, 1986, COMMUNITY ECOLOGY, P344; Woods PJ, 2013, J FISH BIOL, V82, P569, DOI 10.1111/jfb.12011; Woods PJ, 2012, EVOL ECOL RES, V14, P973; WOOTTON RJ, 1998, ECOLOGY TELEOST FISH	43	2	2	1	21	SPRINGER	DORDRECHT	VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS	0018-8158	1573-5117		HYDROBIOLOGIA	Hydrobiologia	DEC	2016	783	1					11	19		10.1007/s10750-015-2600-y				9	Marine & Freshwater Biology	Marine & Freshwater Biology	EB2WE	WOS:000387222500002					2019-02-21	
J	Nash, KL; Graham, NAJ				Nash, Kirsty L.; Graham, Nicholas A. J.			Ecological indicators for coral reef fisheries management	FISH AND FISHERIES			English	Article						Artisanal fisheries; ecosystem function; indicator selection; reference points; sensitivity; specificity	ECOSYSTEM-BASED MANAGEMENT; DATA-POOR FISHERIES; LIFE-HISTORY STRATEGIES; SIZE-BASED INDICATORS; MARINE FOOD WEBS; FISH COMMUNITIES; REFERENCE POINTS; BODY-SIZE; FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY; HARVEST STRATEGIES	Coral reef fisheries are of great importance both economically and for food security, but many reefs are showing evidence of overfishing, with significant ecosystem-level consequences for reef condition. In response, ecological indicators have been developed to assess the state of reef fisheries and their broader ecosystem-level impacts. To date, use of fisheries indicators for coral reefs has been rather piecemeal, with no overarching understanding of their performance with respect to highlighting fishing effects. Here, we provide a review of multispecies fishery-independent indicators used to evaluate fishing impacts on coral reefs. We investigate the consistency with which indicators highlight fishing effects on coral reefs. We then address questions of statistical power and uncertainty, type of fishing gradient, scale of analysis, the influence of other variables and the need for more work to set reference points for empirical, fisheries-independent indicators on coral reefs. Our review provides knowledge that will help underpin the assessment of the ecological effects of fishing, offering essential support for the development and implementation of coral reef fisheries management plans.	[Nash, Kirsty L.; Graham, Nicholas A. J.] James Cook Univ, ARC Ctr Excellence Coral Reef Studies, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia; [Nash, Kirsty L.] Univ Tasmania, Ctr Marine Socioecol, Inst Marine & Antarctic Studies, Hobart, Tas 7000, Australia; [Graham, Nicholas A. J.] Univ Lancaster, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, England	Nash, KL (reprint author), IMAS Hobart, Private Bag 129, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.	nashkirsty@gmail.com	Nash, Kirsty/B-5456-2015; Graham, Nicholas/C-8360-2014	Nash, Kirsty/0000-0003-0976-3197; Graham, Nicholas/0000-0002-0304-7467	Australian Research Council; Royal Society	This work was supported by the Australian Research Council. Nick Graham is supported by the Royal Society. Thank you to Jessica Blythe and Paul Markey for their comments on the manuscript. We thank four anonymous reviewers for their comments, which prompted significant improvements to the manuscript.	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Fish.	DEC	2016	17	4					1029	1054		10.1111/faf.12157				26	Fisheries	Fisheries	EA9CO	WOS:000386938900006					2019-02-21	
J	Zera, AJ				Zera, Anthony J.			Juvenile Hormone and the endocrine regulation of wing polymorphism in insects: new insights from circadian and functional-genomic studies in Gryllus crickets	PHYSIOLOGICAL ENTOMOLOGY			English	Review						Circadian rhythm; Gryllus firmus; hormone receptor; hormone titre; insulin-signalling; Juvenile Hormone (JH); wing polymorphism	HEMOLYMPH JH TITER; HONEY-BEE COLONIES; DIVISION-OF-LABOR; EVOLUTIONARY ENDOCRINOLOGY; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; ENVIRONMENTAL-FACTORS; PYRRHOCORIS-APTERUS; NILAPARVATA-LUGENS; SIGNALING PATHWAY; BROWN PLANTHOPPER	For decades, Juvenile Hormone (JH) has been a major focus of studies investigating the endocrine regulation of wing-polymorphism. The most general model postulates a single threshold, above which JH causes the expression of traits that define the short-winged morph (SW), and below which JH causes the expression of traits that define the long-winged morph (LW). Early studies in aphids and crickets reported ambiguous results as a result of the small size of aphids or the very low JH titre in nymphal crickets. Detailed studies in wing morphs of adult Gryllus firmus Scudder uncovered an unexpected and novel morph-specific JH titre circadian cycle (cycling in LW but not in SW) in both the laboratory and field. This finding clearly contradicts the classic model. Morph-specific daily rhythms in global gene expression are strongly associated with (and are possibly caused by) the morph-specific JH titre rhythm. Daily rhythms for hormonal traits and gene expression, which are largely ignored in studies of life-history evolution, may be common and play an important role in adaptation. Juvenile Hormone has likely evolved a specialized within-morph function in G. firmus, regulating aspects of daily flight in the LW morph, which exhibits circadian flight. Other hormones, such as insulin-like peptides and ecdysteroids, possibly regulate the expression of chronic (long-term, noncircadian) differences between LW and SW morphs. Future studies should aim to investigate JH titres in more detail, as well as other hormones, most notably peptides and biogenic amines, which are largely ignored in endocrine studies of wing polymorphism.	[Zera, Anthony J.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Biol Sci, 1184 T St, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA	Zera, AJ (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Sch Biol Sci, 1184 T St, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.	azera1@unl.edu			National Science Foundation (U.S.A.) [IOS-1122075]	The author gratefully acknowledges the National Science Foundation (U.S.A.), which has supported his studies of wing polymorphism during the past 25 years, most recently by award # IOS-1122075.	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Entomol.	DEC	2016	41	4					313	326		10.1111/phen.12166				14	Entomology	Entomology	EA9DK	WOS:000386941200006		Bronze			2019-02-21	
J	Arnqvist, G; Novicic, ZK; Castro, JA; Sayadi, A				Arnqvist, Goran; Novicic, Zorana Kurbalija; Castro, Jose A.; Sayadi, Ahmed			Negative frequency dependent selection on sympatric mtDNA haplotypes in Drosophila subobscura	HEREDITAS			English	Article						Balancing selection; mtDNA; Life history evolution; Polymorphism; Negative frequency dependent selection; SimuPop	MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA HAPLOTYPES; OLD-WORLD POPULATIONS; CYTOPLASMIC TRANSMISSION; CHROMOSOMAL ARRANGEMENTS; DIFFERENTIAL SELECTION; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIA; NATURAL-SELECTION; GENETIC-VARIATION; METABOLIC-RATE; NUCLEAR GENES	Background: Recent experimental evidence for selection on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has prompted the question as to what processes act to maintain within-population variation in mtDNA. Balancing selection though negative frequency dependent selection (NFDS) among sympatric haplotypes is a possibility, but direct empirical evidence for this is very scarce. Findings: We extend the previous findings of a multi-generation replicated cage experiment in Drosophila subobscura, where mtDNA polymorphism was maintained in a laboratory setting. First, we use a set of Monte Carlo simulations to show that the haplotype frequency dynamics observed are inconsistent with genetic drift alone and most closely match those expected under NFDS. Second, we show that haplotype frequency changes over time were significantly different from those expected under either genetic drift or positive selection but were consistent with those expected under NFSD. Conclusions: Collectively, our analyses provide novel support for NFDS on mtDNA haplotypes, suggesting that mtDNA polymorphism may at least in part be maintained by balancing selection also in natural populations. We very briefly discuss the possible mechanisms that might be involved.	[Arnqvist, Goran; Novicic, Zorana Kurbalija; Sayadi, Ahmed] Uppsala Univ, Dept Ecol & Genet, Anim Ecol, Norbyv 18D, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden; [Novicic, Zorana Kurbalija] Univ Belgrade, Inst Biol Res Sinisa Stankovic, Despot Stefan Blvd 142, Belgrade 11000, Serbia; [Castro, Jose A.] Univ Illes Balears, Fac Ciencies, Dept Biol, Lab Genet, Edifici Guillem Colom,Campus UIB, Palma de Mallorca 07122, Balears, Spain	Arnqvist, G (reprint author), Uppsala Univ, Dept Ecol & Genet, Anim Ecol, Norbyv 18D, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden.	Goran.Arnqvist@ebc.uu.se	Arnqvist, Goran/E-6782-2015	Arnqvist, Goran/0000-0002-3501-3376; Castro, Jose A./0000-0001-8262-560X	European Research Council [GENCON AdG-294333]; Swedish Research Council [621-2014-4523]	This contribution was supported by the European Research Council (GENCON AdG-294333) and the Swedish Research Council (621-2014-4523).	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J	Dahlgren, JP; Colchero, F; Jones, OR; Oien, DI; Moen, A; Sletvold, N				Dahlgren, Johan Petter; Colchero, Fernando; Jones, Owen R.; Oien, Dag-Inge; Moen, Asbjorn; Sletvold, Nina			Actuarial senescence in a long-lived orchid challenges our current understanding of ageing	PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES			English	Article						demographic senescence; demography; life-history theory; mortality; rate of ageing; survival-reproduction trade-off	MORTALITY PLATEAUS; LIFE-HISTORY; AGE; REPRODUCTION; COSTS; SURVIVAL; DEMOGRAPHY; DYNAMICS; ECOLOGY; PLANTS	The dominant evolutionary theory of actuarial senescence-an increase in death rate with advancing age-is based on the concept of a germ cell line that is separated from the somatic cells early in life. However, such a separation is not clear in all organisms. This has been suggested to explain the paucity of evidence for actuarial senescence in plants. We used a 32 year study of Dactylorhiza lapponica that replaces its organs each growing season, to test whether individuals of this tuberous orchid senesce. We performed a Bayesian survival trajectory analysis accounting for reproductive investment, for individuals under two types of land use, in two climatic regions. The mortality trajectory was best approximated by a Weibull model, showing clear actuarial senescence. Rates of senescence in this model declined with advancing age, but were slightly higher in mown plots and in the more benign climatic region. At older ages, senescence was evident only when accounting for a positive effect of reproductive investment on mortality. Our results demonstrate actuarial senescence as well as a survival-reproduction trade-off in plants, and indicate that environmental context may influence senescence rates. This knowledge is crucial for understanding the evolution of demographic senescence and for models of plant population dynamics.	[Dahlgren, Johan Petter; Colchero, Fernando; Jones, Owen R.] Univ Southern Denmark, Max Planck Odense Ctr Biodemog Aging, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark; [Dahlgren, Johan Petter; Jones, Owen R.] Univ Southern Denmark, Dept Biol, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark; [Colchero, Fernando] Univ Southern Denmark, Dept Math & Comp Sci, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark; [Oien, Dag-Inge; Moen, Asbjorn] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, NTNU Univ Museum, Dept Nat Hist, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway; [Sletvold, Nina] Uppsala Univ, Evolutionary Biol Ctr, Dept Ecol & Genet, S-75236 Uppsala, Sweden	Dahlgren, JP (reprint author), Univ Southern Denmark, Max Planck Odense Ctr Biodemog Aging, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark.; Dahlgren, JP (reprint author), Univ Southern Denmark, Dept Biol, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark.	dahlgren@biology.sdu.dk		Colchero, Fernando/0000-0001-8613-4568; Jones, Owen/0000-0001-5720-4686	Research Council of Norway; Directorate for Nature Management; Max Planck Society; Swedish Research Council Formas	The field study was conducted with financial support from the Research Council of Norway and the Directorate for Nature Management (to A.M. and D.I.O.). J.P.D., F.C. and O.R.J. acknowledge funding by the Max Planck Society and N.S. by the Swedish Research Council Formas.	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R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.	NOV 16	2016	283	1842							20161217	10.1098/rspb.2016.1217				8	Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology	Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology	ED2ZL	WOS:000388718700003		Green Published, Bronze			2019-02-21	
J	Morris, H; Brodersen, C; Schwarze, FWMR; Jansen, S				Morris, Hugh; Brodersen, Craig; Schwarze, Francis W. M. R.; Jansen, Steven			The Parenchyma of Secondary Xylem and Its Critical Role in Tree Defense against Fungal Decay in Relation to the CODIT Model	FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE			English	Article						ray parenchyma; axial parenchyma; CODIT; reaction zone; secondary xylem; fungi; barrier zone	BARRIER-ZONE FORMATION; DUTCH-ELM-DISEASE; BASIDIOMYCETE INONOTUS-HISPIDUS; LIFE-HISTORY STRATEGIES; LONG-DISTANCE TRANSPORT; ROBINIA-PSEUDOACACIA L; LIVING WOOD FIBERS; QUERCUS-ROBUR L; FOREST TREES; CLIMATE-CHANGE	This review examines the roles that ray and axial parenchyma (RAP) plays against fungal pathogens in the secondary xylem of wood within the context of the CODIT model (Compartmentalization of Decay in Trees), a defense concept first conceived in the early 1970s by Alex Shigo. This model, simplistic in its design, shows how a large woody perennial is highly compartmented. Anatomical divisions in place at the time of infection or damage, (physical defense) alongside the 'active' response by the RAP during and after wounding work together in forming boundaries that function to restrict air or decay spread. The living parenchyma cells play a critical role in all of the four walls (differing anatomical constructs) that the model comprises. To understand how living cells in each of the walls of CODIT cooperate, we must have a clear vision of their complex interconnectivity from a three-dimensional perspective, along with knowledge of the huge variation in ray parenchyma (RP) and axial parenchyma (AP) abundance and patterns. Crucial patterns for defense encompass the symplastic continuum between both RP and AP and the dead tissues, with the latter including the vessel elements, libriform fibers, and imperforate tracheary elements (i.e., vasicentric and vascular tracheids). Also, the heartwood, a chemically altered antimicrobial nonliving substance that forms the core of many trees, provides an integral part of the defense system. In the heartwood, dead RAP can play an important role in defense, depending on the genetic constitution of the species. Considering the array of functions that RAP are associated with, from capacitance, through to storage, and long-distance water transport, deciding how their role in defense fits into this suite of functions is a challenge for plant scientists, and likely depends on a range of factors. Here, we explore the important role of RAP in defense against fungal pathogens and the tradeoffs involved from a viewpoint for structure-function relations, while also examining how fungi can breach the defense system using an array of enzymes in conjunction with the physically intrusive hyphae.	[Morris, Hugh; Jansen, Steven] Univ Ulm, Inst Systemat Bot & Ecol, Ulm, Germany; [Brodersen, Craig] Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, New Haven, CT USA; [Schwarze, Francis W. M. R.] Empa Swiss Fed Labs Mat Testing & Res, Lab Appl Wood Mat, St Gallen, Switzerland	Morris, H (reprint author), Univ Ulm, Inst Systemat Bot & Ecol, Ulm, Germany.	hugh.morris@uni-ulm.de	Jansen, Steven/A-9868-2012	Jansen, Steven/0000-0002-4476-5334; Brodersen, Craig/0000-0002-0924-2570	German Science Foundation (DFG) [JA2175/3-1]	HM and SJ acknowledge financial support from the German Science Foundation (DFG, JA2175/3-1).	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H., 1979, IAWA B, V2, P51; Zimmermann T., 1997, ABTEILUNGS ARBEITSBE, V35, P1	241	10	10	5	48	FRONTIERS MEDIA SA	LAUSANNE	AVENUE DU TRIBUNAL FEDERAL 34, LAUSANNE, CH-1015, SWITZERLAND	1664-462X			FRONT PLANT SCI	Front. Plant Sci.	NOV 9	2016	7								1665	10.3389/fpls.2016.01665				18	Plant Sciences	Plant Sciences	EB3OW	WOS:000387276000001	27881986	DOAJ Gold, Green Published			2019-02-21	
J	Aguilar, RJAO; Jahn, GA; Soto-Gamboa, M; Novaro, AJ; Carmanchahi, P				Ovejero Aguilar, Ramiro J. A.; Jahn, Graciela A.; Soto-Gamboa, Mauricio; Novaro, Andres J.; Carmanchahi, Pablo			The Ecology of Stress: linking life-history traits with physiological control mechanisms in free-living guanacos	PEERJ			English	Article						Stress ecology; Reproduction; Lama guanicoe; Sociality; Non-invasive methods; Hormonal profiles in wildlife	FECAL GLUCOCORTICOID METABOLITES; LAMA-GUANICOE; CORTICOSTERONE LEVELS; CORTISOL METABOLITES; SEASONAL-VARIATION; ENDOCRINE CONTROL; GROUND-SQUIRRELS; TESTOSTERONE; REPRODUCTION; VALIDATION	Background. Providing the context for the evolution of life-history traits, habitat features constrain successful ecological and physiological strategies. In vertebrates, a key response to life's challenges is the activation of the Stress (HPA) and Gonadal (HPG) axes. Much of the interest in stress ecology is motivated by the desire to understand the physiological mechanisms in which the environment affects fitness. As reported in the literature, several intrinsic and extrinsic factors affect variability in hormone levels. In both social and non-social animals, the frequency and type of interaction with conspecifics, as well as the status in social species, can affect HPA axis activity, resulting in changes in the reproductive success of animals. We predicted that a social environment can affect both guanaco axes by increasing the secretion of testosterone (T) and Glucocorticoid (GCs) in response to individual social interactions and the energetic demands of breeding. Assuming that prolonged elevated levels of GCs over time can be harmful to individuals, it is predicted that the HPA axis suppresses the HPG axis and causes T levels to decrease, as GCs increase. Methods. All of the data for individuals were collected by non-invasive methods (fecal samples) to address hormonal activities. This is a novel approach in physiological ecology because feces are easily obtained through non-invasive sampling in animal populations. Results. As expected, there was a marked adrenal (p-value =.3.4e-12) and gonadal (p-value = 0.002656) response due to seasonal variation in Lama guanicae. No significant differences were found in fecal GCs metabolites between males/females*season for the entire study period (p-value = 0.2839). Despite the seasonal activity variation in the hormonal profiles, our results show a positive correlation (p-value = 1.952e-11, COR = 0.50) between the adrenal and gonadal system. The marked endocrine (r(2) = 0.806) and gonad (r(2) = 0.7231) response due to seasonal variation in male guanaco individuals highlights the individual's energetic demands according to life-history strategies. This is a remarkable result because noinhibition was found between the axes as theory suggests Finally, the dataset was used to build a reactive scope model for guanacos. Discussion. Guanacos cope with the trade-off between sociability and reproductive benefits and costs, by regulating their GCs and T levels on a seasonal basis, suggesting an adaptive role of both axes to different habitat pressures. The results presented here highlight the functional role of stress and gonad axes on a critical phase of a male mammal's life the mating period when all of the resources are at the disposal of the male and must be used to maximize the chances for reproductive success.	[Ovejero Aguilar, Ramiro J. A.; Soto-Gamboa, Mauricio] Univ Austral Chile, Fac Ciencias, Inst Ciencias Ambient & Evolut, Lab Ecol Conductual, Valdivia, Chile; [Ovejero Aguilar, Ramiro J. A.] CONICET MENDOZA LIE IADIZA, Inst Invest Zonas Aridas, Lab Interacc Ecol, Mendoza, Argentina; [Ovejero Aguilar, Ramiro J. A.; Carmanchahi, Pablo] Univ Nacl Comahue INIBIOMA CONICET AUSMA UNCo, AUSMA, Grp Invest Ecofisiol Fauna Silvestre GIEFAS, Neuquen, Argentina; [Jahn, Graciela A.] Univ Mendoza IMBECU CCT MENDOZA, Lab Reprod & Lactancia, Mendoza, Argentina; [Novaro, Andres J.] Programa Estepa Andino Patagon CONICET PATAGONIA, Neuquen, Argentina	Aguilar, RJAO (reprint author), Univ Austral Chile, Fac Ciencias, Inst Ciencias Ambient & Evolut, Lab Ecol Conductual, Valdivia, Chile.; Aguilar, RJAO (reprint author), CONICET MENDOZA LIE IADIZA, Inst Invest Zonas Aridas, Lab Interacc Ecol, Mendoza, Argentina.; Aguilar, RJAO (reprint author), Univ Nacl Comahue INIBIOMA CONICET AUSMA UNCo, AUSMA, Grp Invest Ecofisiol Fauna Silvestre GIEFAS, Neuquen, Argentina.	rovejero@mendoza-conicet.gob.ar			Rufford Small Grant Foundation (RSGF) [120608]; Scientific Research Society/Sigma-Xi; FONDECYT-CONICYT-PROGRAM [3140237]; FONDECYT [11060132]	This study has been funded by the Rufford Small Grant Foundation (RSGF #120608); The Scientific Research Society/Sigma-Xi and FONDECYT-CONICYT-PROGRAM (No 3140237). We thank for partial support by FONDECYT #11060132 (MSG)". The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.	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J	Hoenig, JM; Then, AYH; Babcock, EA; Hall, NG; Hewitt, DA; Hesp, SA				Hoenig, John M.; Then, Amy Y. -H.; Babcock, Elizabeth A.; Hall, Norman G.; Hewitt, David A.; Hesp, Sybrand A.			The logic of comparative life history studies for estimating key parameters, with a focus on natural mortality rate	ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE			English	Article						biological reference points; data selection bias; empirical relationships; F-msy; hierarchical Bayesian models; indirect methods; intrinsic rate of population growth; life history correlates; mixed effects models; steepness parameter; stock-recruit relationships	BAYESIAN HIERARCHICAL-MODELS; FISH STOCKS; MORPHOEDAPHIC INDEX; GROWTH-PARAMETERS; SPECIES RICHNESS; TEMPERATURE; METAANALYSIS; INFORMATION; RECRUITMENT; FISHERIES	There are a number of key parameters in population dynamics that are difficult to estimate, such as natural mortality rate, intrinsic rate of population growth, and stock-recruitment relationships. Often, these parameters of a stock are, or can be, estimated indirectly on the basis of comparative life history studies. That is, the relationship between a difficult to estimate parameter and life history correlates is examined over a wide variety of species in order to develop predictive equations. The form of these equations may be derived from life history theory or simply be suggested by exploratory data analysis. Similarly, population characteristics such as potential yield can be estimated by making use of a relationship between the population parameter and bio-chemico-physical characteristics of the ecosystem. Surprisingly, little work has been done to evaluate how well these indirect estimators work and, in fact, there is little guidance on how to conduct comparative life history studies and how to evaluate them. We consider five issues arising in such studies: (i) the parameters of interest may be ill-defined idealizations of the real world, (ii) true values of the parameters are not known for any species, (iii) selecting data based on the quality of the estimates can introduce a host of problems, (iv) the estimates that are available for comparison constitute a non-random sample of species from an ill-defined population of species of interest, and (v) the hierarchical nature of the data (e.g. stocks within species within genera within families, etc., with multiple observations at each level) warrants consideration. We discuss how these issues can be handled and how they shape the kinds of questions that can be asked of a database of life history studies.	[Hoenig, John M.; Then, Amy Y. -H.] Coll William & Mary, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, POB 1346, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA; [Then, Amy Y. -H.] Univ Malaya, Inst Biol Sci, Fac Sci, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; [Babcock, Elizabeth A.] Univ Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA; [Hall, Norman G.] Murdoch Univ, Ctr Fish & Fisheries Res, 90 South St, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia; [Hall, Norman G.; Hesp, Sybrand A.] Western Australian Fisheries & Marine Res Labs, Dept Fisheries, POB 20, Perth, WA 6920, Australia; [Hewitt, David A.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Klamath Falls Field Stn, 2795 Anderson Ave Suite 106, Klamath Falls, OR 97603 USA	Hoenig, JM (reprint author), Coll William & Mary, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, POB 1346, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.	hoenig@vims.edu		Hewitt, David/0000-0002-5387-0275	NMFS Stock Assessment Improvement Grant; Virginia Sea Grant; Malaysian Ministry of Higher Education-University of Malaya; NOAA grant through the Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies at the University of Miami [NA150AR4320064]	This study was funded by an NMFS Stock Assessment Improvement Grant awarded to the Southeast Fisheries Science Centre and was supported by Virginia Sea Grant and by the Malaysian Ministry of Higher Education-University of Malaya scholarship awarded to A.Y.-H.T. The work of E.A.B. was supported in part by a NOAA grant through the Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies at the University of Miami (Award Number NA150AR4320064). Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. We thank Andre Punt and an anonymous reviewer for helpful comments. This article is Contribution No. 3548 of the Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William & Mary.	Ault JS, 1998, FISH B-NOAA, V96, P395; Bayliff W. H., 1967, COMMISSION B, V12, P365; BEST PB, 1993, ICES J MAR SCI, V50, P169, DOI 10.1006/jmsc.1993.1018; Beverton R.J.H., 1959, CIBA FDN C AGEING, P142, DOI DOI 10.1002/9780470715253.CH10; BLUEWEISS L, 1978, OECOLOGIA, V37, P257, DOI 10.1007/BF00344996; Brodziak J., 2011, NFMSFSPO119 NOAA; Charnov E. 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Mar. Sci.	NOV	2016	73	10					2453	2467		10.1093/icesjms/fsw089				15	Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography	Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography	EW3DW	WOS:000402376300003		Bronze, Green Published			2019-02-21	
J	Zworykin, DD				Zworykin, D. D.			Phylogenesis of reproductive strategies in labyrinth fishes (Anabantoidei) and their sisterly groups	ZHURNAL OBSHCHEI BIOLOGII			Russian	Article							PERCH ANABAS-TESTUDINEUS; CICHLASOMA OCTOFASCIATUM TELEOSTEI; PARENTAL INVESTMENT THEORY; LIFE-HISTORY EVOLUTION; RAY-FINNED FISHES; FILIAL CANNIBALISM; CICHLID FISHES; FRESH-WATER; TROPHEUS-MOORII; MATE DESERTION	Clado- and semogenetic approaches, when used in concert, make it possible to resolve questions concerning phylogenetic relationships between a group representatives as well as phylogenesis of those representatives' traits. Parental care patterns and other forms of reproductive behavior, along, with a reproductive strategy as a whole, can be subjects for semogenetic analysis to no lesser extent than morphological structures sensu stricto. One of the highly specialized forms of parental care in fishes, including suborder of labyrinth fishes and their sisterly groups, appears to be parental food provisioning. In my view, evolutionary origin of post-embryonic brood provisioning in bony fishes is related with three distinctive features, namely: 1) In fishes, different forms of post-embryonic food provisioning are convergent in their origin. 2) Any kind of brood provisioning is realized through exploiting the trait already existent and maintained by selection due to offspring fitness enhancement. 3) The main evolutionary path of this phenomenon emergence and development consists in the function expansion and replacement. This hypothesis does have the heuristic power, since it allows predicting the presence of the reproductive strategy component in question through identification of adequate basic adaptations. Despite the fact that parental care occurs in a majority of anabantoid fishes, there still are several species for which such care is not known. On cladogram, these species by no means take the basal position but are surrounded by fishes providing care for their eggs or even hatchlings. The parsimony principle leads to the suggestion that parental care is a plesiomorphic trait in the suborder Anabantoidei (or in the order Anabantiformes). It seems that the ancestors of present day non-caring species that take various positions within this phylogenetic group were fishes showing parental care. Later on, their reproductive strategy has changed as a result of gamma-selection. If this hypothesis is correct, the absence of parental care should be considered as a case of reproductive strategy degradation. It is quite probable that parental food provisioning was a component of the ancestral reproductive strategies. It is also possible that reproductive strategy of the present day Anabantiformes supposedly not caring for their offspring, actually includes some optional forms of parental care.	[Zworykin, D. D.] RAS, AN Severtsov Inst Ecol & Evolut, Leninsky Pr 33, Moscow 119071, Russia	Zworykin, DD (reprint author), RAS, AN Severtsov Inst Ecol & Evolut, Leninsky Pr 33, Moscow 119071, Russia.	d.zworykin@gmail.com		Zworykin, Dmitry/0000-0001-6198-3299			Atz J. W., 1970, P53; Axelrod H. R., 1971, EXOTIC TROPICAL FISH; Balon E.K., 1984, P35; Balon E.K., 1990, GUELPH ICHTHYOL REV, V1, P1; Balshine S, 2012, EVOLUTION OF PARENTAL CARE, P62; Bandoli JH, 2002, BEHAV ECOL SOCIOBIOL, V51, P222, DOI 10.1007/S00265-001-0428-0; BANERJI SR, 1981, INDIAN J ANIM SCI, V51, P651; BANERJI SR, 1981, HYDROBIOLOGIA, V79, P147, DOI 10.1007/BF00006122; Barlow G.W., 1991, P173; BARLOW GW, 1968, J ZOOL, V156, P415; Betancur R. 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J	Skinner, HM; Durso, AM; Neuman-Lee, LA; Durham, SL; Mueller, SD; French, SS				Skinner, Heather M.; Durso, Andrew M.; Neuman-Lee, Lorin A.; Durham, Susan L.; Mueller, Sarah D.; French, Susannah S.			Effects of Diet Restriction and Diet Complexity on Life History Strategies in Side-Blotched Lizards (Uta stansburiana)	JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART A-ECOLOGICAL GENETICS AND PHYSIOLOGY			English	Article							TRADE-OFFS; ENERGY ALLOCATION; NUTRIENT COMPOSITION; UROSAURUS-ORNATUS; FOOD RESTRICTION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; IMMUNE-SYSTEMS; TREE LIZARDS; BODY-SIZE; REPRODUCTION	Organisms must balance energy invested into self-maintenance, reproduction, and somatic growth over their lifetime. In this study, the effects of diet restriction and diet complexity on side-blotched lizards (Uta stansburiana) were analyzed. Thirty male lizards, housed in the laboratory, were fed either an ad libitum or a restricted diet for 18 days (phase 1). Individuals from both treatments were then assigned to a diet of the same quantity of food that was either simple (only crickets) or complex (crickets, cockroaches, waxworms, and mealworms) for 35 days (phase 2). We evaluated (1) how diet restriction affected life history strategies and (2) how diet complexity affected recovery from diet restriction as measured at the end of phase 2 by body mass, snout-vent length, calculated body condition score, wound healing, tail regrowth, bacterial killing ability, oxidative stress, and plasma testosterone and corticosterone concentrations. Lizards without diet restriction allocated more energy to self-maintenance (i.e., maintaining higher body condition scores, healing wounds more quickly) than lizards with diet restriction. Lizards with diet restriction had higher plasma testosterone concentrations and larger increases in snout-vent lengths than those fed ad libitum, which may reflect allocations toward reproduction and somatic growth. A complex diet resulted in better body condition and faster tail regrowth than a simple diet, suggesting that a complex diet enhanced recovery from diet restriction, although long-term life history choices remained unaltered. Finally, lizards on a complex diet consumed substantially less food while maintaining higher body condition, suggesting that key nutrients may be lacking from a simple diet.	[Skinner, Heather M.] Washington State Univ, WIMU Reg Program Vet Med, Pullman, WA 99164 USA; [Durso, Andrew M.; Neuman-Lee, Lorin A.; French, Susannah S.] Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA; [Durso, Andrew M.; Durham, Susan L.; French, Susannah S.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA; [Mueller, Sarah D.] Univ Puget Sound, Dept Biol, Tacoma, WA 98416 USA	Skinner, HM (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.	heatherjones@vetmed.wsu.edu			National Science Foundation [IOS-1350070]; Utah Agricultural Experiment Station Project [UTA01104]	Grant sponsor: National Science Foundation; grant number: IOS-1350070. Grant sponsor: Utah Agricultural Experiment Station Project # UTA01104.	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J	Correll, MD; Wiest, WA; Olsen, BJ; Shriver, WG; Elphick, CS; Hodgman, TP				Correll, Maureen D.; Wiest, Whitney A.; Olsen, Brian J.; Shriver, W. Gregory; Elphick, Chris S.; Hodgman, Thomas P.			Habitat specialization explains avian persistence in tidal marshes	ECOSPHERE			English	Article						climate change; niche; specialism; species conservation; tidal marsh	NEW-ENGLAND; ECOLOGICAL SPECIALIZATION; MODELS; POPULATION; GENERALISTS; SPECIALISTS; DIVERSITY; FRAGMENTATION; MECHANISMS; ABUNDANCE	Habitat specialists are declining at alarming rates worldwide, driving biodiversity loss of the earth's next mass extinction. Specialist organisms maintain smaller functional niches than their generalist counterparts, and tradeoffs exist between these contrasting life history strategies, creating conservation challenges for specialist taxa. There is little work, however, explicitly quantifying "specialization"; such information is necessary for the development of focused conservation strategies in light of the rapidly changing landscapes of the modern world. In this study, we tested whether habitat specialism explains the persistence of breeding bird populations in tidal marshes of the northeastern United States. We used the North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) together with contemporary marsh bird surveys to develop a Marsh Specialization Index (MSI) for 106 bird species that regularly use tidal marshes during the breeding season. We produced four metrics of species persistence (occupancy, abundance, total biomass supported, and 14-yr population trends) and compared them to MSI values in one of the first community-scale demonstrations of specialist loss in disturbed landscapes. Our results confirm that tidal marsh specialism has short-term benefits but long-term consequences for bird persistence in coastal marsh systems, results that are generalizable across many changing landscapes. We then use this robust support of niche theory to recommend MSI as a tool for quantitatively identifying species of conservation concern in disturbed and rapidly changing landscapes such as tidal marsh.	[Correll, Maureen D.; Olsen, Brian J.] Univ Maine, Sch Biol & Ecol, Orono, ME 04469 USA; [Wiest, Whitney A.; Shriver, W. Gregory] Univ Delaware, Dept Entomol & Wildlife Ecol, Newark, DE 19716 USA; [Elphick, Chris S.] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Conservat & Biodivers, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Storrs, CT 06269 USA; [Hodgman, Thomas P.] Maine Dept Inland Fisheries & Wildlife, Bangor, ME 04401 USA	Correll, MD (reprint author), Univ Maine, Sch Biol & Ecol, Orono, ME 04469 USA.	maureen.correll@maine.edu			Competitive State Wildlife Grant via Federal Aid in Sportfish and Wildlife Restoration to the States of Delaware, Maryland, Connecticut, and Maine [U2-5-R-1]; National Science Foundation [DGE-1144423]; United States Fish and Wildlife Service [P11AT00245, 50154-0-G-004A]; United States Department of Agriculture [ME0-H-6-00492-12]; Maine Association of Wetland Scientists	We received primary funding through a Competitive State Wildlife Grant (U2-5-R-1) via Federal Aid in Sportfish and Wildlife Restoration to the States of Delaware, Maryland, Connecticut, and Maine. Additional funding was provided through a National Science Foundation Integrated Graduate Education and Research Traineeship (DGE-1144423), the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (P11AT00245, 50154-0-G-004A), the United States Department of Agriculture (ME0-H-6-00492-12), and the Maine Association of Wetland Scientists. This is Maine Agricultural and Forest Experiment Station Publication Number #3491. We thank the Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife, University of Delaware, Rachel Carson National Wildlife Refuge (NWR), Parker River NWR, Monomoy NWR, Bombay Hook NWR, Massachusetts Audubon, New Hampshire Audubon, Audubon New York, New Jersey Audubon, The Meadowlands Field Commission, the Smithsonian Institution, SHARP field crews and landowners for data contributions, land access, and field support. Thank you also to J.C. Avise (barn swallow), L. Blumin, J. Taggert (song sparrow), M. Eising (American black duck), M. Baird (Virginia rail), J. Wolf (great egret), D. Berganza (clapper rail), D. Pancamo (common yellowthroat), F. Schulenberg (snowy egret), A. Reago (Nelson's sparrow), M. Baird (Virginia rail), Wikimedia Creative Commons, Clipart-Finder.com, Photogra-phicClipart.com, and Cliparts.co for providing images of focal species for use in our figures. We also thank E. Adams and D. Rosco for support during analysis and two anonymous reviewers whose suggestions greatly improved earlier versions of this manuscript. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of our sponsors.	Barnosky AD, 2011, NATURE, V471, P51, DOI 10.1038/nature09678; Barton K., 2015, MUMIN MULTIMODEL INF; Bates D, 2015, J STAT SOFTW, V67, P1; Bertness MD, 2002, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V99, P1395, DOI 10.1073/pnas.022447299; Blonder B, 2014, GLOBAL ECOL BIOGEOGR, V23, P595, DOI 10.1111/geb.12146; Bolnick DI, 2003, AM NAT, V161, P1, DOI 10.1086/343878; Burnham K. 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J	Rull, J; Abraham, S; Tadeo, E; Rodriguez, CL				Rull, Juan; Abraham, Solana; Tadeo, Eduardo; Luis Rodriguez, Christian			Life History and Mating Behavior of Rhagoletis solanophaga (Diptera: Tephritidae), a Non-Diapausing Species with Highly Variable Mating Duration	JOURNAL OF INSECT BEHAVIOR			English	Article						Mate guarding; sperm competition; copulation duration; paternity assurance	CRYPTIC FEMALE CHOICE; FLY DRYOMYZA ANILIS; YELLOW DUNG FLIES; POMONELLA DIPTERA; APPLE MAGGOT; WALNUT FLY; SPERM COMPETITION; JUGLANDIS DIPTERA; DIAPAUSE; INSECTS	As an initial contribution to understanding the adaptive value of behavioral and life-history strategies, the life cycle and mating behavior of an unstudied species of tephritid fruit fly in the genus Rhagoletis are characterized for the first time. Over a 9-month fruiting period, a small proportion of Solanum appendiculatum Dunal (< 10 %) was found to be infested with a single larva of Rhagoletis solanophaga (Hernandez & Frias). The average duration of R. solanophaga lifecycle (c.a. 140 days from egg laying to death of adults) exceeded the three month fruitless period. Additionally, R. solanophaga is capable of exploiting Solanaceous plants in at least two genera. These features could have selected for a non-diapausing species of Rhagoletis, a genus where most species are univoltine. Nevertheless, some individuals in the population became dormant. As other members of the genus, R. solanophaga exhibited a resource defense mating system with forced copulations and multiple mating. Both males and females could be highly promiscuous and individual mating success exhibited a wide range of outcomes. Regardless of mating success, mated females stored similar amounts of sperm in two spherical spermathecae. Long copulations were observed, perhaps functioning as a form of mate guarding with probable disadvantages for females. We outline hypotheses and opportunities for future comparative studies examining sperm competition and mate guarding.	[Rull, Juan; Abraham, Solana] PROIMI Biotecnol CONICET, LIEMEN Div Control Biol Plagas, Ave Belgrano & Pje Caseros,T4001MVB, San Miguel De Tucuman, Tucuman, Argentina; [Tadeo, Eduardo; Luis Rodriguez, Christian] Inst Ecol AC, Red Manejo Biorrac Plagas & Vectores, Xalapa 91070, Veracruz, Mexico	Rull, J (reprint author), PROIMI Biotecnol CONICET, LIEMEN Div Control Biol Plagas, Ave Belgrano & Pje Caseros,T4001MVB, San Miguel De Tucuman, Tucuman, Argentina.	pomonella@gmail.com		Rodriguez-Enriquez, Christian Luis/0000-0001-6339-3882	Instituto de Ecologia A.C.	This study was funded by the Instituto de Ecologia A.C. to Juan Rull.	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J	Caudell, M; Quinlan, R				Caudell, Mark; Quinlan, Robert			Life-history theory and climate change: resolving population and parental investment paradoxes	Royal Society Open Science			English	Article						life-history theory; climate change; ecological psychology; sustainability; environmental risk	CARBON-DIOXIDE EMISSIONS; CO2 EMISSIONS; UNIVERSITY-STUDENTS; FUTURE ORIENTATION; TIME PERSPECTIVE; K-SELECTION; R-SELECTION; BEHAVIOR; IMPACT; DETERMINANTS	Population growth in the next half-century is on pace to raise global carbon emissions by half. Carbon emissions are associated with fertility as a by-product of somatic and parental investment, which is predicted to involve time orientation/preference as a mediating psychological mechanism. Here, we draw upon life-history theory (LHT) to investigate associations between future orientation and fertility, and their impacts on carbon emissions. We argue 'K-strategy' life history (LH) in high-income countries has resulted in parental investment behaviours involving future orientation that, paradoxically, promote unsustainable carbon emissions, thereby lowering the Earth's K or carrying capacity. Increasing the rate of approach towards this capacity are 'r-strategy' LHs in low-income countries that promote population growth. We explore interactions between future orientation and development that might slow the rate of approach towards global K. Examination of 67 000 individuals across 75 countries suggests that future orientation interacts with the relationship between environmental risk and fertility and with development related parental investment, particularly investment in higher education, to slow population growth and mitigate per capita carbon emissions. Results emphasize that LHT will be an important tool in understanding the demographic and consumption patterns that drive anthropogenic climate change.	[Caudell, Mark] Washington State Univ, Paul G Allen Sch Global Anim Hlth, Pullman, WA 99164 USA; [Quinlan, Robert] Washington State Univ, Dept Anthropol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA	Caudell, M (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Paul G Allen Sch Global Anim Hlth, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.	mcaudell@vetmed.wsu.edu			NSF EEID [DEB1216040]; Washington State University	M.C. is a postdoctoral researcher whose work is funded by an NSF EEID grant (DEB1216040). Washington State University supported the work of R.Q. as an academic staff member.	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J	Alvarenga, LDP; Porto, KC; Coelho, MLP; Zartman, CE				Alvarenga, Lisi D. P.; Porto, Ktia C.; Coelho, Maria L. P.; Zartman, Charles E.			How does reproductive strategy influence demography? A case study in the tropical, unisexual epiphyllous moss Crossomitrium patrisiae	AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY			English	Article						bryophyte; demography; epiphyll; Hookeriaceae; metapopulation; rainforest; reproductive strategy; tropics	HEPATIC ANASTROPHYLLUM-HELLERIANUM; RAIN-FOREST LEAVES; HYLOCOMIUM-SPLENDENS; SEXUAL REPRODUCTION; METAPOPULATION DYNAMICS; TETRAPHIS-PELLUCIDA; DESERT MOSS; POPULATION; DISPERSAL; PATTERNS	PREMISE OF THE STUDY: Leaf-inhabiting organisms off er an experimentally tractable model system within which to investigate the influence of alternative reproductive strategies on plant metapopulation dynamics. We conducted a field study to determine whether (1) threshold colony sizes exist for the onset of sexual and asexual expression, and (2) alternative reproductive strategies differentially influence within-patch dynamics of the tropical pleurocarpous moss Crossomitrium patrisiae. METHODS: The growth, reproduction, and fate of 2101 colonies of C. patrisiae were followed over 2 years to investigate threshold size and age for sporophyte and brood branch formation and their influence on within-patch growth rates and longevity. KEY RESULTS: Asexual expression rather than sexual onset was limited by a minimal colony size. Age was uncoupled with threshold sizes. Colonies bearing brood branches survived nearly twice as long as sterile and solely sporophytic colonies. However, no effect of reproductive strategies on colony growth rates was found. CONCLUSIONS: This study is among the few attempts to correlate life history strategies with demographic parameters of terrestrial plants. Specifically, we provide evidence for differential influence of reproductive strategies on metapopulation survivorship.	[Alvarenga, Lisi D. P.; Porto, Ktia C.; Coelho, Maria L. P.] Univ Fed Pernambuco, Dept Bot, Moraes Rego Av S-N, BR-50670901 Recife, PE, Brazil; [Zartman, Charles E.] Natl Inst Amazonian Res INPA, Dept Bot, Andre Av 2936, BR-69083000 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil	Alvarenga, LDP (reprint author), Univ Fed Pernambuco, Dept Bot, Moraes Rego Av S-N, BR-50670901 Recife, PE, Brazil.	lisidamaris@yahoo.com.br			Fundacao O Boticario de Protecao a Natureza (FBPN); Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES); Brazil MCT/CNPq (Cooperacao Internacional-Acordos bilaterais) [017/2013]	L.D.P.A. thanks the Fundacao O Boticario de Protecao a Natureza (FBPN) and Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) for financial support and the Centro de Pesquisas Ambientais do Nordeste (CEPAN) for logistic support, and Dr. Nicholas McLetchie (University of Kentucky), Paul Wilson, and two anonymous reviewers for valuable comments during the preparation of this manuscript. C.E.Z. acknowledges financial support from grant No 017/2013 from the Brazil MCT/CNPq (Cooperacao Internacional-Acordos bilaterais) while writing the manuscript.	Allen B., 1990, TROPICAL BRYOLOGY, V2, P3; Alvarenga LDP, 2009, BIOTROPICA, V41, P682, DOI 10.1111/j.1744-7429.2009.00532.x; Anthony PA, 2002, FUNCT ECOL, V16, P808, DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2435.2002.00688.x; Bisang I, 2006, AM J BOT, V93, P1313, DOI 10.3732/ajb.93.9.1313; Buck William R., 1998, Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden, V82, P1; COLEY PD, 1993, ECOLOGY, V74, P619, DOI 10.2307/1939322; CONVEY P, 1993, OIKOS, V68, P293, DOI 10.2307/3544842; Crawley M. 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J	Liang, K; Elias, RJ; Choh, SJ; Lee, DC; Lee, DJ				Liang, Kun; Elias, Robert J.; Choh, Suk-Joo; Lee, Dong-Chan; Lee, Dong-Jin			Morphometrics and paleoecology of Catenipora (Tabulata) from the Xiazhen Formation (Upper Ordovician), Zhuzhai, South China	JOURNAL OF PALEONTOLOGY			English	Article							LIFE-HISTORY STRATEGIES; MONTASTRAEA-ANNULARIS; SPECIES BOUNDARIES; CORAL; CANADA; MANITOBA; COMPLEX; GROWTH; EVOLUTION; REEFS	Catenipora is one of the most common tabulate coral genera occurring in various lithofacies in the Upper Ordovician Xiazhen Formation at Zhuzhai in South China. A combination of traditional multivariate analysis and geometric morphometrics is applied to a large number of specimens to distinguish and identify species. Based on three major principal components extracted from 11 morphological characters, three major groups as determined by the cluster-analysis dendrogram are considered to be morphospecies. Their validity and distinctiveness are confirmed by discriminant analysis, descriptive statistics, and bivariate plots. Tabularium area and common wall thickness are the most meaningful characters to distinguish the three morphospecies. Geometric morphometrics is adopted to compare the morphospecies with types and/or figured specimens of species previously reported from the vicinity of Zhuzhai. Despite discrepancies in corallite size, principal component analysis and discriminant analysis, as well as consideration of overall morphological characteristics, indicate that the morphospecies represent C. zhejiangensis Yu in Yu et al., 1963, C. shiyangensis Lin and Chow, 1977, and C. dianbiancunensis Lin and Chow, 1977. Catenipora occurs in seven stratigraphic intervals in the Xiazhen Formation at Zhuzhai, representing a variety of heterogeneous environments. The coralla preservation is variable due to differential compaction; coralla preserved in limestones are commonly intact and in growth position, whereas those in shales are mostly crushed or fragmentary. The size and shape of corallites are considered primarily to be species-specific characters, but are also related to the depositional environments. In all species, morphological characters, including corallite size, septal development, and shape and size of lacunae, show high variability in accordance with lithofacies and stratigraphic position. The intraspecific differences in corallite size at various localities in the Zhuzhai area may indicate responses to local environmental factors, but may also reflect genetic differences if there was limited connection among populations.	[Liang, Kun] Chinese Acad Sci, Nanjing Inst Geol & Palaeontol, Key Lab Econ Stratig & Palaeogeog, Beijing 100864, Peoples R China; [Elias, Robert J.] Univ Manitoba, Dept Geol Sci, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada; [Choh, Suk-Joo] Korea Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Seoul 136701, South Korea; [Lee, Dong-Chan] Chungbuk Natl Univ, Dept Earth Sci Educ, Cheongju 361763, South Korea; [Lee, Dong-Jin] Andong Natl Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Andong 760749, South Korea	Liang, K (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Nanjing Inst Geol & Palaeontol, Key Lab Econ Stratig & Palaeogeog, Beijing 100864, Peoples R China.	kliang@nigpas.ac.cn; eliasrj@cc.umanitoba.ca; sjchoh@korea.ac.kr; dclee@chungbuk.ac.kr; djlee@andong.ac.kr		Choh, Suk-Joo/0000-0002-1110-0416	National Science Foundation of China [41402013, J1210006]; National Research Foundation of Korea [NRF-2013R1A2A2A01067612, NRF-2014K2A2A2000787]	This study was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41402013 and J1210006) and from the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2013R1A2A2A01067612 and NRF-2014K2A2A2000787). 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D., 2007, ORDOVICIAN SILURIAN	66	3	3	1	2	CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS	NEW YORK	32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA	0022-3360	1937-2337		J PALEONTOL	J. Paleontol.	NOV	2016	90	6					1027	1048		10.1017/jpa.2016.60				22	Paleontology	Paleontology	ED3JR	WOS:000388745900002					2019-02-21	
J	Scheele, BC; Hunter, DA; Banks, SC; Pierson, JC; Skerratt, LF; Webb, R; Driscoll, DA				Scheele, Ben C.; Hunter, David A.; Banks, Sam C.; Pierson, Jennifer C.; Skerratt, Lee F.; Webb, Rebecca; Driscoll, Don A.			High adult mortality in disease-challenged frog populations increases vulnerability to drought	JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY			English	Article						amphibian declines; chytrid fungus; demography; environmental stochasticity; life history; niche contraction; population dynamics; recruitment failure	AMPHIBIAN CHYTRID FUNGUS; EMERGING INFECTIOUS-DISEASE; LIFE-HISTORY EVOLUTION; BATRACHOCHYTRIUM-DENDROBATIDIS; FISH POPULATIONS; TASMANIAN DEVIL; RAPID EVOLUTION; GROWTH RATE; CHYTRIDIOMYCOSIS; EXTINCTION	1. Pathogen emergence can drive major changes in host population demography, with implications for population dynamics and sensitivity to environmental fluctuations. The amphibian disease chytridiomycosis, caused by infection with the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), is implicated in the severe decline of over 200 amphibian species. In species that have declined but not become extinct, Bd persists and can cause substantial ongoing mortality. High rates of mortality associated with Bd may drive major changes in host demography, but this process is poorly understood. 2. Here, we compared population age structure of Bd-infected populations, Bd-free populations and museum specimens collected prior to Bd emergence for the endangered Australian frog, Litoria verreauxii alpina (alpine tree frog). We then used population simulations to investigate how pathogen-associated demographic shifts affect the ability of populations to persist in stochastic environments. 3. We found that Bd-infected populations have a severely truncated age structure associated with very high rates of annual adult mortality. Near-complete annual adult turnover in Bdinfected populations means that individuals breed once, compared with Bd-free populations where adults may breed across multiple years. 4. Our simulations showed that truncated age structure erodes the capacity of populations to withstand periodic recruitment failure; a common challenge for species reproducing in uncertain environments. 5. We document previously undescribed demographic shifts associated with a globally emerging pathogen and demonstrate how these shifts alter host ecology. Truncation of age structure associated with Bd effectively reduces host niche width and can help explain the contraction of L. v. alpina to perennial waterbodies where the risk of drought-induced recruitment failure is low. Reduced capacity to tolerate other sources of mortality may explain variation in decline severity among other chytridiomycosis-challenged species and highlights the potential to mitigate disease impacts through minimizing other sources of mortality.	[Scheele, Ben C.; Banks, Sam C.; Pierson, Jennifer C.] Australian Natl Univ, Coll Med Biol & Environm, Fenner Sch Environm & Soc, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia; [Scheele, Ben C.; Skerratt, Lee F.; Webb, Rebecca] James Cook Univ, Coll Publ Hlth Med & Vet Sci, Hlth Res Grp 1, 1 James Cook Dr, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia; [Hunter, David A.] NSW Off Environm & Heritage, POB 544, Albury, NSW 2640, Australia; [Driscoll, Don A.] Deakin Univ, Sch Life & Environm Sci, Ctr Integrat Ecol, Burwood, Vic 3125, Australia	Scheele, BC (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Coll Med Biol & Environm, Fenner Sch Environm & Soc, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.; Scheele, BC (reprint author), James Cook Univ, Coll Publ Hlth Med & Vet Sci, Hlth Res Grp 1, 1 James Cook Dr, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.	ben.scheele@anu.edu.au		/0000-0003-2415-0057; Driscoll, Don/0000-0002-1560-5235; Skerratt, Lee/0000-0003-3471-7512; Scheele, Benjamin/0000-0001-7284-629X	Taronga Zoo Field Conservation Grant; New South Wales Office of Environment and Heritage; Australian Research Council [LP110200240]	Funding was provided by a Taronga Zoo Field Conservation Grant, the New South Wales Office of Environment and Heritage and Australian Research Council grant LP110200240. C. Scheele and S. Kearney provided field assistance and K. Smith and L. Brannelly helped facilitate museum sampling. C. Foster provided useful comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. Research was conducted under scientific permits SL100436 and SL10006052 issued by the New South Wales Office of Environment and Heritage and ethics approval from the Australian National University (A2011/19) and the University of Canberra (CEAE 98/7).	An D, 2016, BIOL LETTERS, V12, DOI 10.1098/rsbl.2016.0018; Anstis M., 2002, TADPOLES S E AUSTRAL; Australian Government, 2006, BACKGR DOC THREAR AB; Bates D. M., 2012, LME4 LINEAR MIXED EF; Berger L, 1998, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V95, P9031, DOI 10.1073/pnas.95.15.9031; Berkeley SA, 2004, FISHERIES, V29, P23, DOI 10.1577/1548-8446(2004)29[23:FSVPOA]2.0.CO;2; Boyle DG, 2004, DIS AQUAT ORGAN, V60, P141, DOI 10.3354/dao060141; Briggs CJ, 2010, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V107, P9695, DOI 10.1073/pnas.0912886107; Burnham K. 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C., 2016, DRYAD DIGITAL REPOSI; Scheele BC, 2015, BIOL CONSERV, V182, P36, DOI 10.1016/j.biocon.2014.11.032; Scheele BC, 2014, CONSERV BIOL, V28, P1195, DOI 10.1111/cobi.12322; Scheele B, 2014, BIOL CONSERV, V170, P86, DOI 10.1016/j.biocon.2013.12.034; Skerratt LF, 2007, ECOHEALTH, V4, P125, DOI 10.1007/s10393-007-0093-5; SMIRINA EM, 1994, GERONTOLOGY, V40, P133, DOI 10.1159/000213583; Stearns S, 1992, EVOLUTION LIFE HIST; Stearns SC, 2000, NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN, V87, P476, DOI 10.1007/s001140050763; Vredenburg VT, 2010, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V107, P9689, DOI 10.1073/pnas.0914111107; Wake DB, 2008, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V105, P11466, DOI 10.1073/pnas.0801921105; Wilbur HM, 2006, AM NAT, V168, P398, DOI 10.1086/506258; WILBUR HM, 1980, ANNU REV ECOL SYST, V11, P67, DOI 10.1146/annurev.es.11.110180.000435	57	19	19	1	31	WILEY	HOBOKEN	111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA	0021-8790	1365-2656		J ANIM ECOL	J. Anim. Ecol.	NOV	2016	85	6					1453	1460		10.1111/1365-2656.12569				8	Ecology; Zoology	Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology	EC7XK	WOS:000388354200005	27380945	Bronze			2019-02-21	
J	Fayet, AL; Freeman, R; Shoji, A; Kirk, HL; Padget, O; Perrins, CM; Guilford, T				Fayet, Annette L.; Freeman, Robin; Shoji, Akiko; Kirk, Holly L.; Padget, Oliver; Perrins, Chris M.; Guilford, Tim			Carry-over effects on the annual cycle of a migratory seabird: an experimental study	JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY			English	Article						cost of reproduction; cross-fostering; etho-informatics; geolocation; life-history theory; migration; phenology	SHEARWATERS PUFFINUS-PUFFINUS; NORTH-ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; MANX SHEARWATER; ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS; PARENTAL INVESTMENT; PELAGIC SEABIRD; LONG-DISTANCE; EGG-SIZE; WINTER; BIRD	1. Long-lived migratory animals must balance the cost of current reproduction with their own condition ahead of a challenging migration and future reproduction. In these species, carry-over effects, which occur when events in one season affect the outcome of the subsequent season, may be particularly exacerbated. However, how carry-over effects influence future breeding outcomes and whether (and how) they also affect behaviour during migration and wintering is unclear. 2. Here we investigate carry-over effects induced by a controlled, bidirectional manipulation of the duration of reproductive effort on the migratory, wintering and subsequent breeding behaviour of a long-lived migratory seabird, the Manx shearwater Puffinus puffinus. By cross-fostering chicks of different age between nests, we successfully prolonged or shortened by similar to 25% the chick-rearing period of 42 breeding pairs. We tracked the adults with geolocators over the subsequent year and combined migration route data with at-sea activity budgets obtained from high-resolution saltwater-immersion data. Migratory behaviour was also recorded during non-experimental years (the year before and/or two years after manipulation) for a subset of birds, allowing comparison between experimental and non-experimental years within treatment groups. 3. All birds cared for chicks until normal fledging age, resulting in birds with a longer breeding period delaying their departure on migration; however, birds that finished breeding earlier did not start migrating earlier. Increased reproductive effort resulted in less time spent at the wintering grounds, a reduction in time spent resting daily and a delayed start of breeding with lighter eggs and chicks and lower breeding success the following breeding season. Conversely, reduced reproductive effort resulted in more time resting and less time foraging during the winter, but a similar breeding phenology and success compared with control birds the following year, suggesting that 'positive' carry-over effects may also occur but perhaps have a less long-lasting impact than those incurred from increased reproductive effort. 4. Our results shed light on how carry-over effects can develop and modify an adult animal's behaviour year-round and reveal how a complex interaction between current and future reproductive fitness, individual condition and external constraints can influence life-history decisions.	[Fayet, Annette L.; Shoji, Akiko; Kirk, Holly L.; Padget, Oliver; Guilford, Tim] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Oxford Nav Grp, Oxford, England; [Freeman, Robin] Zool Soc London, Inst Zool, London, England; [Perrins, Chris M.] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Edward Grey Inst, Oxford, England	Fayet, AL; Guilford, T (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Oxford Nav Grp, Oxford, England.	annette.fayet@gmail.com; tim.guilford@zoo.ox.ac.uk		Kirk, Holly/0000-0002-8724-3210; Fayet, Annette/0000-0001-6373-0500	Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council; Microsoft Research Cambridge; British Council; Mary Griffiths Foundation; British Federation for Women Graduates; Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [1095480]	We thank Philip Collins, Jennifer Roberts, Ben Dean, Will Whittington, Nia Stevens, Marwa Kavelaars, Ignacio Juarez-Martinez, Lewis Yates, Sarah Bond and many other volunteers for their invaluable help in the field, and Chris Taylor, Birgitta Buche, Eddie Stubbings and the Wildlife Trust of South and West Wales for their support and for allowing us to carry out this study on Skomer. We are grateful to colleagues from the OxNav group, Rhiannon Meier and Nick Golding for helpful discussion on this manuscript. A.F. was funded by scholarships from the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Microsoft Research Cambridge, the British Council, the Mary Griffiths Foundation and the British Federation for Women Graduates.	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Anim. Ecol.	NOV	2016	85	6					1516	1527		10.1111/1365-2656.12580				12	Ecology; Zoology	Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology	EC7XK	WOS:000388354200011	27576353	Green Published, Other Gold			2019-02-21	
J	Balasubramaniam, P; Rotenberry, JT				Balasubramaniam, Priya; Rotenberry, John T.			Elevation and latitude interact to drive life-history variation in precocial birds: a comparative analysis using galliformes	JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY			English	Article						altitude; clutch size; egg mass; elevation; fecundity vs. offspring quality galliformes; interspecific variation; life-history trade-off; phylogenetic comparative methods	CLUTCH SIZE; NEST PREDATION; INCUBATION BEHAVIOR; REPRODUCTIVE EFFORT; FLEDGING SUCCESS; TROPICAL BIRDS; AVIAN EGGS; EVOLUTION; SURVIVAL; FOOD	1. Elevational gradients provide a powerful laboratory for understanding the environmental and ecological drivers of geographic variation in avian life-history strategies. Environmental variation across elevational gradients is hypothesized to select for a trade-off of reduced fecundity (lower clutch size and/or fewer broods) for higher offspring quality (larger eggs and/or increased parental care) in higher elevation species and populations. In birds, a focus on altricial species from north temperate latitudes has prevented an evaluation of the generality of this trade-off, and how it is affected by latitude and intrinsic factors (development mode). 2. We performed a comparative analysis controlling for body size and phylogenetic relationships on a global data set of 135 galliform species to test (i) whether higher elevation precocial species have lower fecundity (smaller clutch and/or fewer broods) and invest more in offspring quality (greater egg mass) and (ii) whether latitude influences the traits involved and/or the trade-off, and (iii) to identify ecological and environmental drivers of life-history variation along elevational gradients. 3. Life-history traits showed significant interaction effects across elevation and latitude: temperate higher elevation species had smaller clutches and clutch mass, larger eggs and shorter incubation periods, whereas more tropical species had larger clutches, eggs and clutch mass, and longer incubation periods as elevation increased. Number of broods and body mass did not vary with elevation or latitude. Latitudinal gradient in clutch size was observed only for low-elevation species. 4. Significantly, an overlooked latitude-by-elevation interaction confounds our traditional view of clutch size variation across a tropical-to-temperate gradient. Across all latitudes, higher elevation species invested in offspring quality via larger eggs but support for reduced fecundity resulting from smaller clutches was found only along temperate elevational gradients; contrary to expectations, tropical high-elevation species showed increased fecundity. Variation in nest predation risk could explain differences between temperate and tropical elevational gradients, but we lack a consistent mechanism to explain why predation risk should vary in this manner. Alternatively, a resource availability hypothesis based on physical attributes that globally differ between elevation and latitude (seasonality in day length and temperature) seems more plausible.	[Balasubramaniam, Priya; Rotenberry, John T.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Biol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA; [Rotenberry, John T.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, 1987 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA	Balasubramaniam, P (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Biol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.	pbala001@ucr.edu					ASHMOLE N. P., 1963, IBIS, V103b, P458, DOI 10.1111/j.1474-919X.1963.tb06766.x; Badyaev AV, 2001, ECOLOGY, V82, P2948, DOI 10.2307/2679973; Badyaev AV, 1997, OECOLOGIA, V11