A REVISION OF THE NEARCTIC SPECIES OF TELEAS LATREILLE (HYMENOPTERA, PROCTOTRUPOIDEA, SCELIONIDAE)

Abstract Nine species are recognized, of which six are new to science: Teleas crassifemur ♂, T. neptuni ♀ ♂, T. niger ♂, T. punctifrons ♀ ♂, T. terricola ♀, and T. villus ♂. The three previously described species which are retained in the genus Teleas, viz. T. lineaticeps Ashmead, T. pallidipes Ashmead and T. sibiricus Kieffer, are redescribed. Females of T. lineaticeps and T. pallidipes are described for the first time. All other Nearctic species listed by Muesebeck (1979) under Teleas are presently transferred to the genus Trimorus Foerster (subfam. Teleasinae) (all new combinations): Trimorus americanus (Ashmead), T. coxalis (Ashmead), T. harringtoni nom. nov. (= Teleas canadensis Harrington nec Acolus canadensis Ashmead), and T. mandibularis (Ashmead). T. sibiricus Kieffer is the only member of the genus known to have Holarctic distribution. A key to the females and males of Nearctic Teleas and a key to Nearctic genera of Teleasinae are presented. Résumé Neuf espèces sont étudiées, dont six sont décrites pour la première fois : Teleas crassifemur ♂, T. neptuni ♀ ♂, T. niger ♂, T. punctifrons ♀ ♂, T. terricola ♀, et T. villus ♂. Les trois espèces déjà décrites et retenues comme étant du genre Teleas sont redécrites (T. lineaticeps Ashmead, T. pallidipes Ashmead et T. sibiricus Kieffer), et les femelles de T. lineaticeps et T. pallidipes sont décrites pour la première fois. Toutes autres espèces cataloguées par Muesebeck (1979) comme appartenant au genre Teleas, sont ici transférées sous le genre Trimorus Foerster (sous-fam. Teleasinae) (toutes sont de nouvelles combinaisons) : Trimorus americanus (Ashmead), T. coxalis (Ashmead), T. harrington nom. nov. (= Teleas canadensis Harrington nee Acolus canadensis Ashmead), et T. mandibularis (Ashmead). T. sibiricus Kieffer est le seul membre du genre connu de distribution holarctique. Une cléf d’identification pour les mâles et les femelles du genre Teleas néarctique ainsi qu’une cléf des genres nearctiques de Teleasinae sont inclues.


INTRODUCTION
It is the purpose of this paper to accurately redefine the genus Teleas, to describe the Nearctic species, and to provide an accurate key to their identification.

1'
Mesoscutum and scutellum generally coarsely sculptured, with rugosities, areolae, or punctures (Figs. 9,24); metanotum medially usually with 1 spine or flat plate ( Mesoscutum with areolate-rugose sculpturing (Fig. 9); hind femur swollen (Fig. 8); middle tibia with strong spines outwardly along its entire length (Fig. 7); scutellum on at least two planes, the posterior section sloping sharply towards the metanotum (Figs. 5,13); clypeus always much wider than long (Fig. 2) . Mesoscutum sculpturing variable, usually punctate or with longitudinal rugosities, never areolate-rugose (as in Fig. 9); hind femur rarely swollen; middle tibia usually lacking spines that run along its entire length; scutellum usually on one plane, sloping gradually towards the metanotum; clypeus usually narrow, usually less than twice as wide as long (Fig. 4) . . . . . . . . . . Trimorus Foerster BIOLOGY Very little is known about the biology of Teleas, as it is a rare and poorly collected genus. Telenga (1959) observed specimens of T . rugosus Kieffer, a Palearctic species (which he mistakenly described as a new species, T . caraboides), emerging from the eggs of several species of carabid beetles: Zabrus tenebrioides, Amara sp., and Harpalus sp. There are several other records of members of Teleasinae parasitizing carabid eggs and it is probable that all Teleasinae are restricted to the eggs of the Carabidae.
Fore and middle tibiae with spines outwardly along most of their lengths (Fig.  7); spines usually stronger on middle tibiae; hind femora and basitarsi strongly incrassate in female specimens (Fig. 8); moderately incrassate in males.
Pronotum barely visible from above; mesoscutum and scutellum generally areolate-rugose with scattered setae; scutellum sloping posteriorly to a "lip" or margin usually concealing lateral parts of the metanotum from above; scutellum with 1 pair of lateral spines; metanotum with a strong medial spine or flat plate; propodeum with small areolate rugosities and usually with 2 pairs of small spines; one pair situated anterolaterally above the spiracles and the other on the posterolateral corners of the propodeum; propleuron usually concealed by the head; netrion narrow and barely visible as a narrow strip between the tegula and the forecoxa (Fig. 13); mesopleuron and metapleuron anteriorly with small areolate rugosities usually covered with dense setae; mesopleural depression glabrous with punctate, areolate, or longitudinally costate sculpturing; mesopleural pit strong; metapleuron posteriorly with a glabrous area which is usually smooth and surrounded by costae or irregular areolate sculpturing.

TAXONOMIC CHARACTERS OF TELEAS
Antennae. The antennae of both male and female Teleas are 12-segmented. The female antennae terminate in a 6-segmented clava (Fig. 11); male antennae are filiform (Fig. 18). For male specimens the lengthlwidth ratio of any flagellar segment is diagnostic. The coloration of A1 and A2 varies in Teleas from yellow to black. This coloration is important although variable in some species. A3 to A12 are dark in all known Nearctic Teleas and their coloration is of little diagnostic value.
Head. The shape of the antenna1 process is important and may be acute, squared, or rounded ventrally (Figs. 17,16,22). The shape of the mandibular teeth are diagnostic, although there is some variability intraspecifically, probably due to wear. Most species of Teleas have subtridentate mandibles (Fig. 2), others have bidentate October 198 1 mandibles, having lost the middle tooth completely. The LOL, POL, OOL ratio is useful (Fig. 12).
The degree of costate sculpture, especially on the vertex and temples, is important, as is the sculpture within the interocellar space. One species, T . neptuni, has small patches of coriarious sculpture laterad of the posterior ocelli, which are diagnostic. T . sibiricus also has weak indications of coriaceous sculpture here. The presence of setose punctures ventral to the anterior ocellus is diagnostic. The length of the setae on the head is also important. I have compared the length of the setae that lie on the OOL line to the OOL distance, for easy reference.
Wings. Wing measurements are not generally reliable characters for Teleas as microapterous forms appear in T . neptuni and probably in other species as well. Most Teleas possess a small stub for a postmarginal vein or have none. The presence or absence of this stub is diagnostic for some species.
Legs. The size and density of spines on the fore and middle tibiae vary somewhat interspecifically, however I have not found this character useful. The dimensions of the hind femora (max. lengthlmax. width) and degree of incrassation of the hind basitarsi are diagnostic. The coloration of the leg segments, especially of the coxae, is important.
Mesosoma. Sculpture is the most important character of the mesosoma. The mesoscutum is areolate-rugose (Fig. 9). In some species a longitudinal or transverse pattern of irregular costae break up the areolate sculpture to some degree. T . terricola is exceptional in having the sculpture of the mesoscutum reduced medially (Fig.  24). Coloration is of some importance, although most species have the mesosoma dark brown or black dorsally. The sculpturing of the scutellum is usually areolaterugose (Fig. 5 ) , although this sculpturing is often reduced or absent posteriorly. The scutellum of T . terricola is predominantly setose-punctate (Fig. 24). The length of the posterior lip of the scutellum and the degree to which it overhangs the metanotum are important. The size, shape, and sculpture of the metanotal spine are very important characters. The diagnostic characters of the propodeum are the degree of setosity in the posterolateral region and the shape of the posterolateral corners (acute or rounded). In the pleural region of the mesosoma, the sculpture of the mesopleural depression and the sculpture of the posterior region of the metapleuron are useful.
Metasoma. Sculpture, especially that of terga 3 and 4, is the most important character of the metasoma. Medially tergum 3 usually contains punctures, costae or both; rarely it is almost entirely coriarious, as in T . sibiricus. The degree of sculpturing varies intraspecifically and sometimes tergum 3 may be completely smooth in species normally heavily sculptured. The arrangement and density of setae, as well as sculpture, are diagnostic characters of tergum 4.
General. The terms used to describe surface sculpture are defined and figured by Harris (1979) and Eady (1968). Most other morphological terms are defined by Masner (1979Masner ( , 1980. All measurements in the text are in millimeters. Setae on frons, cheeks, vertex and eyes long, setae between posterior ocellus and inner orbit as long as the OOL distance; metapleuron with a smooth area posteriorly and without longitudinal costae (Fig. 32); tergum 3 largely smooth with weak longitudinal costae anteromedially (Fig. 39) . . . . . . T. villus n. sp.

Al
Setae on frons, cheeks, vertex and eyes short, setae between posterior ocellus and inner orbit less than half as long as the OOL distance; metapleuron with or without a smooth area posteriorly, often with longitudinal costae (Fig. 30); sculpturing of tergum 3 variable but usually heavily sculptured medially (Figs.  All coxae yellow; A1 and A2 yellow, mesosoma partly orange with some black dorsally; metanotal spine acute, roughly sculptured and usually without a median depression or longitudinal ridge ( Fig. 9) . . . . . . T. pallidipes Ashmead Color of coxae variable, from orange to black but never yellow; A1 and A2 yellow to black; mesosoma variable but never orange, usually dark brown or black; metanotal spine variable, usually with a median depression or longitu-
Head. Sculpturing of the head weaker; costae not continuing around eye dorsally leaving the area between posterior ocellus and the inner orbit predominantly smooth; clypeus wide, transversely costate, length 0.12, width 0.40.
Mesosoma. Mesoscutum and scutellum areolate-rugose; areolae of mesoscutum not elongated midlaterally; posterior part of scutellum sloping almost vertically; mesopleural depression with small areolate rugosities arranged in irregular longitudinal rows; hind femur greatly swollen, about twice as long as wide.
Metasoma. Tergum 1 irregularly and longitudinally costate; tergum 2 longitudinally costate; tergum 3 medially with irregular costae, anteromedially costae becoming areolate. VARIABILITY ( Q d). This is one of the most collected species of Teleas in North America and shows a relatively large degree of variation in size.
The coloration of the legs is variable. Although predominantly orange, they may be brown in areas; coxae vary from light brown to black. Costae of lateral frons, along inner orbit, may continue around eyes dorsally; dorsal area of frons may lack punctures; antenna1 process may be less acute ventrally than in the lectotype, always with a minimum angle of 90". Mesoscutum may appear costate laterally and posteriorly with notauli indicated; shape of metanotal spine somewhat variable, usually long and narrow but sometimes wider in small specimens; medial depression of metanotal spine reduced in some large specimens; sculpturing of mesopleural depression varies from evenly longitudinally costate to areolate; a small postmarginal vein of less than 2 mm may be present on the forewing. Tergum 3, although costate over most of its surface, varies from costate to areolate medially.

DIAGNOSIS. T . neptuni may be distinguished from other Nearctic species of
Teleas by the following characters: coriarious patch of sculpturing laterad of the posterior ocellus (Fig. 19); A1 only slightly lighter than A3-A12. Female. Holotype. Length 2.34 mm. Black with the following exceptions: radicle and A1 dark brown; antennal process and A2 light brown, mandible orange, darker distally, legs except coxae yellow; posterior margin of scutellum red-brown; anterior margin of tergum 1 orange.
Differs from female holotype in the following characters: Length 2.7 mm. Antenna1 process and A2 dark brown; legs except coxae red-brown.
Mesosoma. Hind femur 3 times longer than wide, otherwise mesosoma as in female holotype.
Metasoma. Tergum 3 with fewer areolae anteromedially; tergum 3 almost entirely sculptured with longitudinal costae. VARIABILITY ( 9 6 ) . A1 varies from brown to black; A2 from light brown to black, usually lighter in females; coxae red-brown to black; other leg segments vary from yellow to light orange in females and from red-brown to brown in males; pleural regions of mesosoma often red-brown, especially in western specimens. Costae of head generally strong, although they may be weak in the interocellar space and absent below the anterior ocellus; antenna1 process may be very acute, always forming at least a 90' angle ventrally. Metanotal spine with or without a median depression and longitudinal rugosities; costae of mesopleural depression sometimes reduced medially leaving it smooth; posterior glabrous area of metapleuron sometimes completely longitudinally costate; a tiny postmarginal vein may be present in the forewing; one microapterous female was collected, its wings extending just past tergum 2. Tergum 3 of metasoma varies from almost completely costate (Fig. 43) to predominantly punctate with costae restricted to lateral regions (Fig. 37). Type deposition: Holotype 6 (AEI).
DIAGNOSIS. T . niger is the darkest of the Nearctic species of Teleas and may be distinguished from other Nearctic species by the following characters: legs black, striped with orange at points of articulation; metanotal spine squared distally. (Fig. 26); metapleuron completely sculptured, without a smooth section (Fig. 35).
Male. Holotype. Length 2.8 mm. Black with the following exceptions: mandible partly orange; trochanters and most leg joints orange; basitarsi of all legs orange; tarsal segments 2-5 of hind leg brown; anterior margin of tergum 1 of metasoma orange.
Mesosoma. Hind femur greatly swollen, only slightly more than 2 times longer than wide; postrnarginal vein of forewing reduced to a small stub.
T. scutellaris Kieffer, a Palearctic species of Teleas, is quite similar to T , punctifrons. Both species are large and have similar sculpturing and coloration. They may be distinguished by the sculpturing of T3. T3 of T . scutellaris is heavily sculptured with longitudinal costae separated by punctures and areolae. The costae continue to near the posterior margin of tergum 3. Tergum 3 of T . punctifrons is predominantly smooth with weak wavy costae restricted to the anteromedial region. The metanotal spine is more acute in T. punctifrons, and the punctures on the frons are stronger than those of T. scutellaris. Female. Holotype. Length 3.7 mm. Head generally black; antenna1 process radicle; A1 and A2 orange, A3-A12 brown; mandible orange, darker distally; mesosoma black with the following exceptions: posterior margin of scutellum brown; metanotal spine brown distally; Volume 113 THE CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST 925 legs orange except for partially brown hind coxae; metasoma black except orange anterior margin of tergum 1.
Differs from the female holotype in the following characters: Length 4.0 mm. Coloration as in holotype except for coxae which are brown. Head. Antenna1 flagellomeres cylindrical, A10 less than 3 times longer than wide; setae of flagellomeres short, shorter than the width of the flagellomeres; clypeus wide with acute lateral corners; length of clypeus 0.13; width 0.43.
T. sibiricus is the only known species of Teleas with Holarctic distribution. The unique North American specimen conforms well with Kieffer's original description except that the North American specimen has the costae of tergum 3 much reduced. Specimens of T. sibiricus from Sweden (in CNC) also show this reduction in sculpture on tergum 3.
Head. Transverse, about twice as wide as long, with scattered setae; costae on cheeks, temples, vertex and ventral and lateral areas of frons; costae of frons continue around the eyes dorsally; frons with weakly impressed setose punctures; LOL, POL, OOL measurements as follows, 0.09, 0.18, 0.16; interocellar space with transverse rugosities; antennal process rounded (Fig. 22), not forming an acute angle ventrally; antennal flagellomeres cylindrical; A10 less than 3 times as long as wide; setae of flagellomeres shorter than width of flagellomeres; vertex with a small patch of coriarious sculpture laterad of the posterior ocellus (as in T. neptuni, Fig. 19, but reduced); mandibles subtridentate, middle tooth much reduced.
, Head. Transverse, slightly more than twice as wide as long (width 1.01, length 0.45), head with long sparse setae except for the frons medially which is glabrous; setae between posterior ocellus and inner orbit as long as the OOL distance; costae on lower frons, cheeks, temples, and vertex weak, several costae on frons laterally, not continuing around eyes dorsally, interocellar space smooth with a few setose punctures; posterior ocellus far from inner orbits; LOL, POL, OOL measurements as follows, 0.09, 0.18, 0.17; clypeus wide,
VARIABILITY. A3 to A12 vary from red-brown to black, legs from orange to redbrown, coxae from red-brown to dark brown. Costate sculpturing of head usually weak; sometimes absent on cheeks, vertex, and lower temples. Middle tooth of mandible usually absent, sometimes represented by a slight bump. Metanotal spine varies from rounded (Fig. 29) to acute (Fig. 28); mesopleural depression may have several punctures in the predominantly smooth medial region. Tergum 3 sculpturing consistent; costae always restricted to the anteromedial region.