A REVISION OF THE AUSTRALIAN GENUS DUARINA DODD (HYMENOPTERA: SCELIONIDAE: SCELIONINAE)

The Australian genus Duarina is revised and D. monteithorum sp.n. described and figured. A key to species is provided and the relationship between Duarina and Psilanteris Kieffer discussed.


Introduction
The genus Dziarinu was erected by Dodd ( 1926) for D. verzzrstellrr Dodd, described from two females collected at Mt Tamborine, Queensland.No further members of this genus were discovered until Mr G. B. Monteith, University of Queensland, Brisbane, recently studied the distribution patterns of low-vagility rain forest insects of the Macleay-Macpherson overlap zone of Eastern Australia using pitfall traps for ground fauna at a number of rain forest sites in southern Queensland and northern New South Wales.The traps used were one-gallon plastic buckets sunk into the ground with a galvanised iron cover to keep out rain and debris.At each site two pitfall traps were installed and serviced about every three months over a full twelve month period.From a total of 68 trapping sites in the study area (Fig. 1).13 specimens of Ductvim were obtained from eight sites.
As with all other genera of the tribe Psilanteridini.(Masner 1976), there are no reliable biological data for Daruriiza.However, from the relative success of pitfall trapping, it would appear that females parasitise eggs which are laid in.or on, the floor of the rain forest.
The following abbreviations of museums and collections are used: ANIC Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Canberra; CNC Canadian National Collection.Ottawa: QDPI Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Brisbane; QM Queensland Museum, Brisbane; SAM South Australian Museum, Adelaide.

Female
Headslightly wider than thorax.in dorsal view about twice as wide a s long; eyes large and bare: frons with shallow depression but not margined by a keel; mandibles tridentate; ocelli small, lateral ocelli touching orbital margins; occipital margin concave nnd ridged; antennae 1 ?-jointed,scape slender.pedicel longer than wide.funicle joints short, club compact, six-jointed.
Mesosoma slightly longer than greatest width. in latcral view as high as long; pronolum narrowly visible from above; skaphion well developed: scutum wider than long, parapsidial furrows delicate.percurrent and almost parallel; prepectus narrow but distinct; scutellum transverse, projecting slightly over propodeum, posterior margin concave; metanotum narrow with small median tubercle; propodeum almost perpendicular, short, in dorsal view almost hidden by scutellum; wings frequently somewhat reduced, when at rest not extending beyond apex of abdomen; fore wings with two dark transverse bands, submarginal vein oblique, slightly knobbed at apex, postmarginal vein absent; hind wings with complete submarginal vein reaching to hamuli; legs normal, hind legs with slender tarsi hardly as long as tibiae, spur formula 1-1-1.

D. venustella (Dodd)
Wings extending to apical margin of T5; fore wings with marginal vein equal to or just shorter than stigmal vein D. monteithorum sp.n.

Female
Length about 1.80 mm Co/our.--Headvarying from light reddish brown to completely black; eyes and ocelli black; antennae reddish brown except for two or three apical joints ofclubs which are yellow; scutum reddish brown to black. in some specimens same colour as head, in others darker than head; scutellum, metanotum and propodeum black; fore wings stained yellowish with two dark transverse bands, first band involving apical quarter of submarginal vcin and all of marginal vein, second at wing apex; venation fuscous though stigma1 vein frequently pale yellow; metiisoma with T1 and T2 black, T 3 either entirely orange-yellow or in some specimens with posterior margin suffused with black, T4 to T6 orange-yellow.
Headwider than long( 15:30), wider than thorax; genae lightly strigose; rernainder of head with very fine impressed polygonal reticulation with scattered punctures, each bearing short decumbent seta; ocelli small, lateral ocelli touching margin of eyes, median ocellus closer to lateral ocelli than lateral ocelli are to one another.
Mesosomu slightly elongate (28:27): scutum with sculpturing as for head except punctures becoming less dense posteriorly; scutellum densely rugose-punctate, posterior margin deeply concave; metanotum with small median tubercle; propodeum almost hidden by scutellum.in dorsal view almost perpendicular; wings variable in shape from moderately broad and extending, when at rest, to posterior margin of T4, to nioder:itely narrow and extending, when at rest, to posterior inargin of T3.
I'encctiori.--Forewings with submarginal vcin attaining costa just beyond one-half wing length.marginal vein h e a r .clearly longer than stigmal vcin which is short and oblique; postniarginal vein ;ibswt.
Mefasomu: TI short, wider than long (4:12); T2 wider than long (8:25).about twice a s long as T1; T3 wider than long (27:29), by far the largest segment, longer then T1 and T2 or T4, T5 and T6 combined; T4 (827).T5 (520).T6 (4:12), all wider than long; T1 and T2 strongly longitudinally striate; T3 finely striate at base and laterally, smooth for remainder; T4 to T6 with very fine polygonal reticulation and a few setigerous pin-punctures.D. iwzusrefla was originally described from two females collected at Mt Tamborine.Study of these and additional specimens from pitfall traps in the Darlington Range arca just south of Mt Tamborine (Fig. 1) indicates the species exists in a number of colour forms.For convenience, I shall refer to these as the dark, intermediate and light forms, see Table.

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Though the three forms may be recognised on the basis of colour pattern and wing development, no other distinguishing features were found, and the presence of an intermediate form suggests that colour pattern is not a reliable specific character.Under these circumstances and in the absence of males, I prefer to consider these forms as a single species.
Co1our.-Head reddish brown, antennae with scapes and pedicels yellow, funcile joints yellow but with apical margins suffused with black.clubs basically yellow becoming lighter apically; scutum with anterior third a darker shade of reddish brown than head, posterior two-thirds same colour as head; scutellum, metanotum and propodeum black; fore wings yellowish with two dark transverse bands, first band covering all of marginal vein and one-quarter of submarginal vein, second, wider band covers apex of wing; metasoma with T1 and T2 black, T 3 orange-yellow with thi: posterior margin suffused with biack, T4 to T6 orangeyellow.
Head wider than long (19:38).wider than thorax: genae strigose; remainder of head with very fine impressed polygonal reticulation with scattered punctures each bearing short dark decumbent seta; ocelli small, lateral ocelli touching margin of eyes, median ocellus closer to lateral ocelli than lateral ocelli are to one another.
Mesosoma slightly elongate (34:32), scutum with sculpturing as for head except punctures becoming less dense posteriorly; scutellum very densely rugose-punctate, posterior margin deeply concave; metanotum with small median tubercle; propodeum almost hidden by scutellum, in dorsal view almost perpendicular; wings moderately broad, when at rest extending almost to apical margin of T5.
Venation.-Forewings with submarginal vein attaining costa just beyond one-half wing length; marginal vein linear.equal to or just shorter than stigmal vein which is long and oblique; postmarginal vein absent.

Discussion
In his original description of Duarina, Dodd (1926) remarked on the very close affinity of this genus with Anteris Forester.From an examination of type material, Galloway (1976) determined that all species described by Dodd in Anteris belong in Psilanteris Kieffer.Dodd, however, was quite correct in the close relationship between Diiarina and Psilanteris (Dodd's "Anteris").Both groups have the following characteristics in common: (i) shape of head; (ii) from with shallow unmargined depression; (iii) eyes large and bare; (iv) lateral ocelli less than their own diameter from inner orbits; (v) antenna1 club of female abruptly six-segmented; (vi) prepectus narrow but distinct; (vii) skaphion well developed; (viii) fore wings with post-marginalis absent; (ix) hind wings with complete submarginal vein reaching to hamuli; (x) tibia1 spur formula 1-1-1; and (xi) metasoma spoon-shaped in female; six visible tergites, T3 the largest, T7 partially extruded with the ovipositor.
In distinguishing between the two genera, Dodd (1926) drew attention in Psilanteris to the acute metanotal tooth and the relatively short length of the marginal vein in relation to the stigmal vein.However, specimens of both species of Duarina possess a small median tubercle on the metanotum and, in D. monteithorurn, the marginal vein is only as long as, or just shorter than, the stigmal vein.Thus Duarina has an even closer affinity with Psilanteris than at first realised.The discovery of males of Duarina will shed further light on the relationship between Duarina and Psilanteris.
FIG. I-Macleay-Macpherson rain forest pitfall trap sites.Key to species of DuarinaWings extending no further than apical margin of T4 (frequently reaching only as far as apex of T3); fore wings with marginal vein clearly longer than stigmal vein . .

DiagnosisD.
monteitliorum is a slightly larger.more robust species than D. veniutellu, with more pronounced sculpturing especially on the abdomen.It may be readily distinguished from D. ~~ertustelfa by the length of the wings at rest and the comparative development of the stigmal and marginal veins.Geographically.D. monteithorum appears to be separated from D. venusrella by the Brisbane Valley (Fig.1).The species is named in honour of the collectors, G. B. & S. R. Monteith.