The prevention and cure research of emergency intervention therapy of balloon occlusion of LAD occurring reperfusion arrhythmia

Objective: Discussing whether occurs reperfusion malignant ventricular arrhythmia by intravenous injecting metoprolol before the intervention treatment of Left Anterior Descending (LAD) of Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) and observing the change of heart rate. Method: Divided 85 AMI patients (From North China petroleum administration general hospital of Hebei medical university, July 2012-December 2016) randomly into 2 groups by the number at the end of the admission date group: the even number of 42 patients are in the prevent and treat group and the odd number 43 patients are in the nonprevent and treat group. Intravenous injecting metoprolol 16mg(within 3 minutes) into the prevent and treat group before the intervention treatment of (LAD),and recording two groups of patients arrhythmias which occurred after begin LAD(within 10 minutes ). Finally, Statistical analyzing the condition of the malignant arrhythmia in all patients. Result: Prevent and treatment group (42 patients): no ventricular arrhythmia: 38 patients (90.5%); ventricular premature beat and antibiotics went: 2 patients (4.7%); ventricular tachycardia 1 patient (2.4%). NonPrevent and treatment group (43 patients): no ventricular arrhythmia: 6 patients (14.0%); ventricular premature beat and antibiotics went: 4patients (9.3%); ventricular tachycardia: 31 patients (72.1%); ventricular fi brillation: 2 patients (4.6%). There has the signifi cant difference between the prevent and treatment group and the non-prevent and treatment group in RA (P<0.05). Conclusion: Metoprolol can reduce the occurring of reperfusion malignant ventricular arrhythmia so that it reduces the death rate. Research Article The prevention and cure research of emergency intervention therapy of balloon occlusion of LAD occurring reperfusion arrhythmia Zhongming Wang, Zejun Huang, Baoping Liu*, Xuejia Yang, Qiuli Dong, Shaoyun Liu, Haitao Zhang, Chenhui Sun, Bin Wang and Mingfang Li Vasculo Cardiology Department, North China Petroleum Administration General Hospital of Hebei Medical University, China Dates: Received: 27 October, 2017; Accepted: 07 November, 2017; Published: 08 November, 2017 *Corresponding author: Baoping Liu, Vasculo Cardiology Department, North China Petroleum Administration General Hospital of Hebei Medical University, China, E-mail:


Introduction
The main cause for acute anterior myocardial infarction and extensive anterior myocardial infarction is LAD acute closure.
The most effective and the preferred way of that is emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
According to European Society of Cardiology (ESC) < Myocardial Revascularisation (with EACTS) > [1], if the time of primary PCI related longer than 62min will gain less from Systemic intravenous thrombolysis in terms of death rate [2], although recanalization of " culprit artery " could not only reduce the death rate by at least 25% but play a signifi cant role on life quality improvement [3][4][5]. However, it will often happen reperfusion ventricular arrhythmias when carry on emergency PCI to open LAD. And the incidence of reperfusion ventricular arrhythmias by emergency PCI to open LAD is higher than (25%) other acute coronary occlusion, even occur fatal ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fi brillation or sudden cardiac death [6][7]. And that increase the diffi culty and risk of the treatment of left anterior descending branch intervenes. Therefore, in order to prevent the malignant arrhythmia and improve prognosis, we injection metoprolol ( blockers) before PCI to open LAD [8], and that have not seen in the literature of PCI preventing malignant ventricular arrhythmia. Therefore, the aim of our project is to observe the change of heart rate and to discuss whether the injection of metoprolol ( blockers) before PCI to open LAD could reduce malignant arrhythmia or could stop malignant arrhythmia.

Statistical methods
Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS19.0 statistical analysis software, measurement data was described as mean ± standard deviation ( x s  ), the comparison was presented by T-test between groups, enumeration data was measured by adopting x2 test. All data was tested with a P value of 0.05 indicating statistical signifi cance. Results were shown in (Table 1). D descending branch(LAD)'s IRA will cause the myocardial reperfusion injury and sympathetic budding constantly [12], which can result in ventricular arrhythmia, even generate ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fi brillation, or a sudden cardiac death [13][14][15][16]. The motality of this type of arrhythmia is 2.47 times of other complications caused by myocardial infarction [17]. Above all, opening the LAD's IRA will result in myocardial injury and arrhythmia induced by ischemia reperfusion, the preventive strategy is of great signifi cance [18]. However, receptor blockers can reduce the morbidity and mortality of this kind of arrhythmia [19][20]. The results show that: Intravenous injection of 16 mg metoprolol (within 3 minutes) before the interventional treatment of opening LAD can signifi cantly reduce or completely avoid the malignant ventricular arrhythmias caused by reperfusion. It is defi nitely an effective prevention strategy. From table 1, the incidence rate of no ventricular arrhythmia in preventive treatment group is obviously higher than the blank control group after PCI treatment in 10 minutes, while the incidence rate of Premature Ventricular Beats (PVB), bigeminy or trigeminy, ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fi brillation is clearly lower. The statistical data of curative effect after interaction is: x2 = 49.829, P < 0.05, it has signifi cant statistical differences.

Discussion
The defi ciency of this research is that: Scientifi cally, the data of arrhythmia situation should be recorded in 0-minute, 3-minutes, 5-minutes, 10-minutes, but time is limited for the operation rescue of Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI), which means it's hard to record all data in a timely manner and the integrity of this research might be affected. But it's extremely reliable that intravenous injection of metoprolol before the interventional treatment of opening LAD's IRA can reduce the incidence rate of the related-ventricular arrhythmia. Therefore, -receptor blocker metoprolol can reduce and avoid the occurrence of reperfusion ventricular arrhythmia, improves cardiac function in patients with long-term, is an effective prevention strategy, the anterior descending can be safely used in patients with acute occlusion medication before interventional therapy, to prevent sudden cardiac death in patients with clinical end point events.