April 30, 2018 Journal article Open Access

Crocket, Kirsty; Hill, Emily; Abell, Richard; Johnson, Clare; Gary, Stefan; Brand, Tim; Hathorne, E.

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  <identifier identifierType="URL">https://zenodo.org/record/1323738</identifier>
  <creators>
    <creator>
      <creatorName>Crocket, Kirsty</creatorName>
      <givenName>Kirsty</givenName>
      <familyName>Crocket</familyName>
      <affiliation>SAMS</affiliation>
    </creator>
    <creator>
      <creatorName>Hill, Emily</creatorName>
      <givenName>Emily</givenName>
      <familyName>Hill</familyName>
      <affiliation>SAMS</affiliation>
    </creator>
    <creator>
      <creatorName>Abell, Richard</creatorName>
      <givenName>Richard</givenName>
      <familyName>Abell</familyName>
      <affiliation>SAMS</affiliation>
    </creator>
    <creator>
      <creatorName>Johnson, Clare</creatorName>
      <givenName>Clare</givenName>
      <familyName>Johnson</familyName>
      <affiliation>SAMS</affiliation>
    </creator>
    <creator>
      <creatorName>Gary, Stefan</creatorName>
      <givenName>Stefan</givenName>
      <familyName>Gary</familyName>
      <affiliation>SAMS</affiliation>
    </creator>
    <creator>
      <creatorName>Brand, Tim</creatorName>
      <givenName>Tim</givenName>
      <familyName>Brand</familyName>
      <affiliation>SAMS</affiliation>
    </creator>
    <creator>
      <creatorName>Hathorne, E.</creatorName>
      <givenName>E.</givenName>
      <familyName>Hathorne</familyName>
      <affiliation>GEOMAR</affiliation>
    </creator>
  </creators>
  <titles>
    <title>Rare Earth Element distribution in the NE Atlantic: Evidence for benthic sources, longevity of the seawater signal, and biogeochemical cycling</title>
  </titles>
  <publisher>Zenodo</publisher>
  <publicationYear>2018</publicationYear>
  <dates>
    <date dateType="Issued">2018-04-30</date>
  </dates>
  <resourceType resourceTypeGeneral="Text">Journal article</resourceType>
  <alternateIdentifiers>
    <alternateIdentifier alternateIdentifierType="url">https://zenodo.org/record/1323738</alternateIdentifier>
  </alternateIdentifiers>
  <relatedIdentifiers>
    <relatedIdentifier relatedIdentifierType="DOI" relationType="IsIdenticalTo">10.3389/fmars.2018.00147</relatedIdentifier>
    <relatedIdentifier relatedIdentifierType="URL" relationType="IsPartOf">https://zenodo.org/communities/atlas</relatedIdentifier>
  </relatedIdentifiers>
  <rightsList>
    <rights rightsURI="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International</rights>
    <rights rightsURI="info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess">Open Access</rights>
  </rightsList>
  <descriptions>
    <description descriptionType="Abstract">&lt;p&gt;Seawater rare earth element (REE) concentrations are increasingly applied to reconstruct&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;water mass histories by exploiting relative changes in the distinctive normalised patterns.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;However, the mechanisms by which water masses gain their patterns are yet to be&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;fully explained. To examine this, we collected water samples along the Extended Ellett&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Line (EEL), an oceanographic transect between Iceland and Scotland, and measured&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;dissolved REE by offline automated chromatography (SeaFAST) and ICP-MS. The&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;proximity to two continental boundaries, the incipient spring bloom coincident with the&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;timing of the cruise, and the importance of deep water circulation in this climatically&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;sensitive gateway region make it an ideal location to investigate sources of REE to&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;seawater and the effects of vertical cycling and lateral advection on their distribution. The&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;deep waters have REE concentrations closest to typical North Atlantic seawater and are&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;dominated by lateral advection. Comparison to published seawater REE concentrations&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;of the same water masses in other locations provides a first measure of the temporal&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;and spatial stability of the seawater REE signal. We demonstrate the REE pattern is&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;replicated for Iceland-Scotland OverflowWater (ISOW) in the Iceland Basin from adjacent&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;stations sampled 16 years previously. A recently published Labrador Sea Water (LSW)&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;dissolved REE signal is reproduced in the Rockall Trough but shows greater light and&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;mid REE alteration in the Iceland Basin, possibly due to the dominant effect of ISOW&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;and/or continental inputs. An obvious concentration gradient from seafloor sediments to&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;the overlying water column in the Rockall Trough, but not the Iceland Basin, highlights&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;release of light and mid REE from resuspended sediments and pore waters, possibly&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;a seasonal effect associated with the timing of the spring bloom in each basin. The&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;EEL dissolved oxygen minimum at the permanent pycnocline corresponds to positive&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;heavy REE enrichment, indicating maximum rates of organic matter remineralisation&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;and associated REE release. We tentatively suggest a bacterial role to account for the&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;observed heavy REE deviations. This study highlights the need for fully constrained&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;REE sources and sinks, including the temporary nature of some sources, to achieve&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;a balanced budget of seawater REE.&lt;/p&gt;</description>
  </descriptions>
  <fundingReferences>
    <fundingReference>
      <funderName>European Commission</funderName>
      <funderIdentifier funderIdentifierType="Crossref Funder ID">10.13039/501100000780</funderIdentifier>
      <awardNumber awardURI="info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/678760/">678760</awardNumber>
      <awardTitle>A Trans-AtLantic Assessment and deep-water ecosystem-based Spatial management plan for Europe</awardTitle>
    </fundingReference>
  </fundingReferences>
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