2024-03-28T08:01:51Z
https://zenodo.org/oai2d
oai:zenodo.org:10207598
2023-11-26T15:17:32Z
user-bjss
Lazarova, Radoslava
Hristozova, Milena
Yordanova, Ivanka
2023-10-22
<p>Monitoring of radiocaesium content in imported cultivated and forest fruits for the production of foods intended for the Bulgarian market and for export was carried out in the period 2021-2022. The specific activity of the radionuclide determined in all samples was below the maximum permissible value of 600 Bq/kg, specified in EU regulation 2020/1158, being in the cultivated fruits below the minimum detectable activity (MDA). In forest fruits, the highest content of radiocaesium was measured in bilberries, followed by cranberries and the wild blackberries. Relatively higher values of the specific activity of Cs-137 were measured in bilberry samples imported from Ukraine, Belarus and Poland.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10207598
oai:zenodo.org:10207598
https://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2023/BJSS_2023_2_3.pdf
eng
Zenodo
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10207597
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 8(2), 113 - 118, (2023-10-22)
Content of Radiocaesium in Imported Fruits Sold on the Bulgarian Market
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:10207550
2023-11-26T14:39:43Z
openaire
user-bjss
Stoykova, Mariela
2023-11-26
<p>A vegetation trial was conducted to test, establish and compare the abilities of crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) and blue alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) to grow, sequester arsenic and improve microbial soil status in soils with deteriorated water and physical properties and with naturally and technogenically reached toxic levels of arsenic. The experiment is based on cultivation of two types of legume crops under the same controlled climatic conditions, but in different soil environments. Contaminated Regosols and control uncontaminated Rhodic Cambisols, ChromicCalcaric Cambisols and Fluvisols, collected from four geographical points, distributed (4 kg.) in a total of 24 pots/samples and sown with the two investigated crops (2x12) were included in the study. Crop growth and development were monitored during the vegetative and reproductive phenological phases, taking timely biometric measurements. According to the observations made and the results obtained, the crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) is suitable for remediation and improvement of the agrochemical, biological, physical and physicochemical properties of arsenic-contaminated soils - Regosols, by forming a dense root system with a relative abundance of tubers of symbiotic nitrogen-fixing microorganisms in it, in conditions of Interventional contents of arsenic, significant compaction and deteriorated water permeability of the soils. Contamination with arsenic (in association with a number of heavy metals) suppresses the germination of both crops - crimson clover and alfalfa, vegetative phenophases, nutrition, growth and development of clover, but not the fertility of the obtained crop of the studied crops. The main factors limiting the fertility of the two crops in the experiment were the low content of soil colloids (humus and clay) and the poorer soil microbiome. The observed better adaptability in feeding alfalfa in contaminated soils allows this crop to be applied in longer-term remediation measures.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10207550
oai:zenodo.org:10207550
https://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2023/BJSS_2023_2_1.pdf
eng
Zenodo
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10207549
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 8(2), 93 - 103, (2023-11-26)
Effect of Soil Toxicity on the Growth and Development of Crimson Clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) and Blue Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)
info:eu-repo/semantics/other
oai:zenodo.org:10207564
2023-11-26T14:51:44Z
user-bjss
Simeonova, Tsetska
Nenova, Luyba
2023-11-26
<p>The study of the chemical composition of precipitation is an important factor in determining the input of elements and the total anthropogenic load in agroecosystems. The study presents the results of a 4-year monitoring of the chemical composition of precipitation from the area of the experimental field Tsalapitsa, Plovdiv on Alluvial-meadow soil (Fluvisol). The effects of chemical elements imported with the atmospheric deposition on vulnerable soils in an intensive agricultural practice were evaluated. The data showed that the investigated precipitations are characterized by a slightly acidic to neutral reaction. A significant seasonal and annual variation of the elements in them was observed, with a higher coefficient of variation reported for cations and nitrogen (61- 68%). As a result of the conducted research, the following order of change in the concentrations of cations - Ca2+>NH4 + >Mg2+>K+ >Na+ and of anions - SO4 2- > HCO3 - >Cl- >NO3 -N in precipitation was established. The significant correlation found between Ca2+ and Mg2+ (r=0.92; 0.97) and the weak one between NH4 + , NO3 -N and SO4 2- suggest a buffer factor against precipitation acidity, and anions concentrations did not represent a risk for a direct negative impact on the soil and the crops grown in the area.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10207564
oai:zenodo.org:10207564
https://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2023/BJSS_2023_2_2.pdf
eng
Zenodo
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10207563
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 8(2), 104 - 112, (2023-11-26)
Dynamics of the Chemical Composition of Precipitation and Input of Elements in an Agricultural Area in Southern Bulgaria
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:5767973
2021-12-09T13:48:47Z
user-bjss
Sanni, K. O.
Bello, A. A.
Okedele, N.O.
2021-12-08
<p>This study was carried out at the teaching and research farm of the Department of Crop Production and Horticulture, Lagos State Polytechnic Ikorodu to determine the effects of different levels of goat and pig droppings on the performance of cucumber (Cucumis sativus). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with five experimental treatments replicated three times. The treatments applied were goat droppings at 5 and 10 tonnes per hectare, pig droppings at 5 and 10 tonnes per hectare and control 0 tonne per hectare. Data collected were vine length (cm), vine girth (cm) number of leaves, number of branches, and days to 50% flowering, weight of fruit (kg), number of fruits, length of fruit (cm) and width of fruits (cm). The results from the data analysis indicated that number of branches of cucumber, its length and diameter were significantly affected by the different rates of application of goat and pig droppings. Based on the outcome of this study, 5 tonnes per hectare of goat manure should actually be adopted for farmers in Ikorodu Local Government Area of Lagos State. However, further research should be carried out to determine the rate of manure suitable for the optimum yield of cucumber (Cucumis sativus). Farmers are advised to use more tonnes of manure at a higher rate to improve soil physiochemical properties and to enhance crop growth and yield.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5767973
oai:zenodo.org:5767973
eng
Zenodo
https://bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2021/BJSS_2021_2_7.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5767972
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 6(2), 176 - 184, (2021-12-08)
Pig droppings, Goat dropping, soil physiological properties, yield, cucumber
Effects of Pig and Goat Droppings on Soil Physiochemical Properties and Yield of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:6780126
2022-06-30T01:48:32Z
user-bjss
Isimikalu, Theophilus Olufemi
Olaniyan, John Olajide
Alasinrin, Sikiru Yusuf
Wahab, Adesina Abudlkabir
Salifu, Ufedo Meshach
2022-06-29
<p>Understanding the influence of agricultural soil management practices on soil processes and the environment is vital for sustainable food production. Therefore, this study evaluated the impact of soil temperature and moisture on soil organic carbon mineralisation under synthetic (NPK) and organic (biochar) amendments in a maize cropping system in Ilorin, Southern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria. The objectives were to determine the C mineralisation and C sequestering potential under each amendment and assess how precipitation amounts and soil temperature influence carbon mineralisation. Two soil types (Anthrodensic Ustorthent and Typic Ustorthent) were used, and four treatments (control, NPK, biochar+NPK, and biochar) replicated thrice were laid out in completely randomised design on each soil. Soil respiration was measured in-situ by the alkali absorption method. Data collected was subjected to analysis of variance procedure for complete randomized design to determine significant differences in treatment means, correlation and regression analyses were also carried out to test the relationships amongst experimental factors and variable responses. Results showed that evaluated nutrient management options did not significantly influence C mineralisation. C mineralisation, however, differed between soils, with Typic Ustorthent having higher organic carbon (OC), total CO2 emission (82.35 mg) and mean CO2 emission rates (1.18 mg m -2 d -1 ). Correlation analysis showed differing relationships between soil temperature and C mineralisation under the different treatments and soils, with significant positive correlation (r=0.44; p= ≤ 0.05) recorded only under sole biochar treatment in the Typic Ustorthent. Rainfall amounts had no significant correlation with C mineralisation</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6780126
oai:zenodo.org:6780126
eng
Zenodo
https://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2022/BJSS_2022_1_4.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6780125
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 7(1), 34 - 48, (2022-06-29)
C mineralisation, C sequestration, Entisols, rainfall, temperature, SOC
Influence of Environmental Variables on Carbon Mineralization in Diverse Soil Management Systems Under Maize Cropping in Kwara State, Nigeria
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2579966
2020-01-20T15:30:14Z
user-bjss
Stancheva, Ira
Nedyalkova, Kostadinka
Geneva, Maria
Donkova, Radka
Hristozkova, Marieta
Perfanova, Ionita
Sichanova, Mariana
Petkova, Galina
Djonova, Efrosina
Valchovski, Hristo
2016-12-22
<p>The study was performed to evaluate the nutritional value and antioxidant properties of cowpea grain, where plants were grown under conditions of tripartite symbiosis (cowpea plants, nitrogen-fixing bacteria (Bradyrhizobium japonicum) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, (Glomus intraradices) without fertilization. Cowpea plants (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) cv. Hrisi were grown in a glasshouse until the full maturity of grain on the Alluvial meadow soil (Eutric Fluvisol) at three levels of water-holding capacity (40, 60 and 80%). Bradyrhizobium japonicum solely and in combination with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi increased the content of proteins, soluble sugars and total phenols in the cowpea seeds. When dual inoculation has applied the levels of proteins and soluble sugars in the cowpea grain did not reduce at 40%, nor at 80% in comparison with the optimal water-holding capacity level (60%). Antioxidant capacity at 40% water-holding capacity was determined by the increased content of water soluble antioxidants, flavonoid content and increased ferric reducing power activity and increased antioxidant levels was expressed more distinguished in the treatments with dual inoculation. Slight change of antioxidants in the grain of cowpea was established at an elevated level of water supply. Nutritional value of a grain of cowpea after dual inoculation with Bradyrhizobium strains and Glomus intraradices was not determined by the water-holding capacity levels.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2579966
oai:zenodo.org:2579966
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_16/Paper2_2016_2.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2579965
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 1(2), 112 - 121, (2016-12-22)
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria, Nutritional Value, Soil Moisture, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp
Nutritional Value of Cowpea (Vigna Unguiculata L. Walp) Grain Grown Under Different Soil Moisture as Affected to the Dual Inoculation with Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:3566236
2020-01-20T17:08:01Z
user-bjss
Horn, Rainer
Mordhorst, Anneka
Fleige, Heiner
Zimmermann, Iris
Burbaum, Bernd
Filipinski, Marek
Cordsen, Eckhard
2019-12-07
<p>Improvement of carbon sequestration in soils for a more sustainable environment and prevention of climate change require not only knowledge about soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks, but also about interactions between land use and total amount and distribution of carbon. In North Germany (state: Schleswig-Holstein) about 925 soil profiles in the four dominant geological regions [Weichselian glacial region, the sandy outwash region (Lower ―Geest‖), the Saalian glacial region (Higher ―Geest‖), and the marshland with alluvial deposits] were sampled down to at least the 90 cm depth. Carbon content, pH, bulk density, and grain size distribution were analyzed for the major characteristic soil horizons. The four dominant geological regions possess different SOC stocks as well as SOC contents. The total amount of SOC stored within the representative soil profiles down to the 90 cm depth was analyzed for three depths: 0 – 30, 30 – 60, 60 – 90 cm; for the total area of Schleswig Holstein (15.369 km²), they summed to 244 Mt. SOC stocks, however, differed depending on the land use management system and clay content. Arable soils were most sensitive to soil deformation and the higher the clay content the less rigid they were, if the SOC to clay ratio were used as an index for structural quality. Grassland topsoils showed the highest SOC stocks and a mediate structural quality. The latter was highest for forest soils, which, however, had a higher SOC content but, at the same time, a less fertile SOC composition (litter with high C: N ratio). Further research on the carbon composition (labile, active, intermediate, or passive pools) would help to get a better insight into the role of SOC on soil strength and soil functions. </p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3566236
oai:zenodo.org:3566236
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2019/BJSS_2019_2_1.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3566235
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 4(2), 83 - 98, (2019-12-07)
soil organic carbon stocks, land use management, tillage systems, soil strength, SOC:clay ratio, Luvisol, Gleysol, Podzol, Cambisol, Anthrosol
Soil Type and Management Effects on Organic Carbon Stocks and Soil Structure Quality in North Germany
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:5767844
2021-12-09T13:48:48Z
user-bjss
Dimitrov, Georgi
Kirilov, Ivaylo
2021-12-08
<p>The present study aims to establish the genetic-diagnostic characteristic of Ferric Leptosols and Nudilithic Ferric Leptosols which are formed on rocks with high iron content. Thise soils are spread over hard red sandstones, quartzites and granite gneisses of the ridge parts and the upper (eluvium) parts of the slopes in the hilly part of the northeastern Sofia filed. The performed diagnostic assessment and characteristics give grounds to include the studied soils in the Bulgarian National Soil Classification at subtype taxonomic level as Ferric Lithozems and Ferric Rankers, and in WRB as Nudilithic Ferric Leptosols and Ferric Leptosols.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5767844
oai:zenodo.org:5767844
eng
Zenodo
https://bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2021/BJSS_2021_2_2.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5767843
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 6(2), 125 - 132, (2021-12-08)
Ferric Leptosols, Nudilithic Ferric Leptosols, soil diagnostics, soil classifications
Comparative characteristics of Ferric Leptosols
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:3250776
2020-01-20T16:56:22Z
user-bjss
Horn, Rainer
2019-06-20
<p>Soils are the most critical life-supporting compartments of the biosphere. They provide<br>
numerous ecosystem services such as habitat for biodiversity, water and nutrients, as well as<br>
producing food, feed, fiber and energy. Soils undergo intense and irreversible changes due to<br>
a non-site adjusted land management and improper application of machinery and techniques<br>
in its broadest sense. In combination with the growing population (until 2050 we will have<br>
approx. 9 Billion people) the urgent need for a more reliable dataset of soil properties and soil<br>
functions gains in importance in order to even prepare more reliable models for various<br>
requests. The mechanical strength – the precompression stress - as the result of geo-, pedoand<br>
anthropogenic long-term processes - can be defined as the basis for quantifying the<br>
rigidity boundary. It distinguishes between the recompression stress (i.e. elastic, rigid<br>
properties) and the virgin compression stress range where plastic deformation including<br>
irreversible changes of properties and functions occur. The changes in the hydraulic or<br>
pneumatic functions like hydraulic or air conductivity, the pore size distribution primarily all<br>
occur in the virgin compression stress range, The same is also true for redox reactions and the<br>
biological activity (respiration) in soils but also carbon sequestration potential is also linked<br>
with the precompression stress value. Thus, a more precise definition and following of sitespecific<br>
functionality differences, which may exclude or concentrate certain land use or<br>
management forms are needed, in order to optimize yield, soil protection and a sustainable<br>
land use management considering the limited site specific resilience at the same moment.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3250776
oai:zenodo.org:3250776
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2019/BJSS_2019_1_1.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3250775
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 4(1), 3 - 15, (2019-06-20)
stress/strain, stress distribution, precompression stress, coupled hydraulic and mechanical processes, ecological functions
Effect of Land-Use Management Systems on Coupled Hydraulic Mechanical Soil Processes Defining the Climate-Food-Energy-Water Nexus
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2581128
2020-01-20T13:38:39Z
user-fp7-bmc
user-bjss
Popova, Zornitsa
2016-12-22
<p>Water distribution could be quite non-uniform along the furrow length under surface irrigation. This “down field” disuniformity is usually combined with “inter-row” nonuniformity of irrigation water and nitrogen fertilizer distribution. Spatial variation of application depth and nitrogen (N) fertilization rate in the furrow plot produces yield, drainage and nitrogen losses. In addition to that, due to year-to-year variability of climate, regional irrigation depths range significantly (from 0 to 360 mm/season in the studied field). The objective of this paper is to study the impact of global nonuniformity of irrigation water and N fertilizer distribution within a furrow plot on yield, water and nitrogen losses when climate variability is taken into account. Six maize vegetation seasons with contrastive probability of exceedence of irrigation depth PI are considered. Irrigation water is distributed according to six scenarios for “downfield” and “inter-row” non-uniformity by using the validated FURMOD model (Popova, 1990; 1992; Popova and Kuncheva, 1996). Nitrogen fertilization broadcast corresponds to two scenarios of lateral non-uniformity. The validated CERES-maize model (Jones and Kiniry, 1986;Gabrielle et al, 1995; Popova et al.1999; 2001- b; Popova and Kercheva, 2005) is applied with the different “climate-irrigation nonuniformity-fertilization nonuniformity” scenarios to simulate water&nitrogen cycle and crop growth on a daily basis in 30 representative points along “median”, “high intake” and ”low intake” furrows of the set. It is established that yield, water and nitrogen losses vary over uniformity scenarios and studied 30-year period. Combination of non-uniform irrigation/N-fertilization with the high irrigation demand seasons (having probability of exceedance PI<11%) causes losses of yield by 2 to 14.5 % of potential maize productivity, irrigation water (up to 40-45% of applied depth) and nitrogen (up to 10-12% of N-rate). Model runs show that poor distribution uniformity of irrigation water and N fertilizer should be maintained especially in the case of high irrigation requirements. Different strategies aiming at reduction of heterogeneity sources of “inter-row” and “down-field” uniformity of water distribution and fertilizer broadcast are recommended</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2581128
oai:zenodo.org:2581128
eng
Zenodo
https://zenodo.org/communities/fp7-bmc
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2581127
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 1(2), 170 - 186, (2016-12-22)
Climate variability, Furrow irrigation model, Nonuniformity of Water, Nonuniformity of Nitrogen, CERES-maize model, Environmentally oriented strategies, Scenario analyses, N-leach, Crop production.
Risk Assessment of Non-Uniformity in Irrigation and Fertilization for a Furrow Set Under Climate Uncertainties in the Sofia Field
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2587103
2020-01-20T17:41:06Z
user-bjss
Mitreva, Zorintsa
Pankov, Veselin
2018-12-28
<p>Areas facing natural constraints represent a serious obstacle for Bulgarian farmers and to a great extent limit their development. In this regard, it is necessary to look for alternative options for optimal use of these areas so that they are as efficient as possible despite the limitations they have. The paper presents the basic requirements of lavender in terms of climatic and soil conditions. There is also a soil and climate characterization of a village located in area of high altitude - the land of the village of Borika, Sofia in order to be able to indicate which soil types in the Borika land are best suited for lavender growing.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2587103
oai:zenodo.org:2587103
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2018/BJSS_2018_2_5.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2587102
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 3(2), 134 - 142, (2018-12-28)
field ratings, soil, soil characteristics, lavender
Opportunities for Growing Lavender in Areas Facing Natural Constraints Exemplified by the Borika Village, Bulgaria
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:4887052
2021-06-01T13:48:17Z
user-bjss
Dayo-Olagbende, G.O.
Ewulo, B.S
2021-06-01
<p>Movement of ions within the soil plays a key role in nutrient availability as well as<br>
soil management. Various reactions in the soil contribute to soil ionic mobility and<br>
consequently nutrient availability, one of which is the oxidation-reduction reaction. Hence,<br>
this study sets out to evaluate the effect of redox status of the soil on ionic mobility of cations.<br>
A 3x2x2 factorial experiment was set up on two different soil types (clay loam and sandy clay<br>
loam), arranged in a Randomzed complete Block design (RCBD) with three replicates. The<br>
treatment combination involved three levels of poultry manure (0 tha-1, 6 tha-1 and 8 tha-1),<br>
two levels of NPK 15-15-15 (0 gha-1, 200 kgha-1) and two water regimes (field capacity and<br>
waterlogging). Twelve treatments were obtained giving rise to different redox potential.<br>
Redox potential was measured using a redox meter, electrical conductivity using a<br>
conductivity meter; Ionic mobility was calculated using the mobility equation.<br>
Results from this study show that ionic mobility was highest under highly reduced<br>
conditions, also ionic mobility was highest in sandy clay loam than clayey loam and<br>
potassium ion has the highest mobility while magnesium has the lowest mobility. It was<br>
concluded that soils can be subjected to reduction process to increase the mobility of cations<br>
hence there availability to plant. However care must be taken to avoid the loss of highly<br>
mobile ions like potassium.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4887052
oai:zenodo.org:4887052
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2021/BJSS_2021_1_3.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4887051
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 6(1), 18 - 32, (2021-06-01)
ionic mobility, redox, cation, soil, nutrient availability, movement
Ionic Mobility of Cations as Affected by Redox Status of Two Different Soil Textures
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2587100
2020-01-20T17:25:24Z
user-bjss
Oludoye, Oluseye Olalekan
Ogunyebi, Lanrewaju Amos
2018-12-28
<p>High soil quality is important for agricultural activities but pollution from cement industries is of great threat to sustainable agriculture in Nigeria. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of heavy metals in cement dust on the soil enzymes activities. This study investigated the activities of some selected soil enzymes, the microbial communities’ population, the concentrations of some heavy metals, some selected soil macronutrients and the physico-chemical properties (pH, moisture, and temperature) of the soil surface (0-15 cm), within the vicinity of a cement factory in Nigeria. The pH, total organic nitrogen (TON), total organic carbon (TOC) and heavy metals decreased with increasing distance from the cement factory. The microbial population around the factory was (34.00 ± 2.64 CFU g-1) and (92.00 ± 1.00 CFU g-1) at 100 m and the control site respectively. All the soil heavy metals contents analyzed are less than the permissible limit except Cd. Moreover, the enzyme activities increased away from cement factory except alkaline phosphatase that decreases with increase in distance. The enzymes activities (except alkaline phosphatase) correlated negatively with the content of all heavy metals, the pH, the TON, the TOC and temperature but positively correlated with moisture, phosphorous and microbial populations. The inverse correlations between most of the heavy metals, the pH and soil enzymes activities could be a result of the pollution. This means that the cement production exhibits a significant effect on the enzyme activities.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2587100
oai:zenodo.org:2587100
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2018/BJSS_2018_2_4.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2587099
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 3(2), 119 - 133, (2018-12-28)
anthropogenic impact, bioaccumulation and biomagnification, geomagnification, soil enzymes, xenobiotics.
Soil Enzymes Assessment Around Amega Cement Factory in Nigeria.
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:3865412
2020-05-30T22:18:21Z
user-bjss
Andreeva, Nataliya
2020-05-29
<p>Salinisation is an important soil-forming process (primary or secondary), characterized by an excess of water-soluble salts and/or exchangeable sodium. The amount of exchangeable magnesium is also essential for the more detailed determination of the physico-chemical properties of saline soils. The determination of magnesium salinity is still a debatable issue, but there are already criteria in the literature for its estimation. The Belozem region is representative of Bulgaria for the processes of alkaline salinisation, but the presence and extent of magnesium salinity has not been determined. For this purpose, data from ten soil profiles and four criteria for determining magnesium salinity were used. In three of the profiles there is an increased content of exchangeable magnesium, which covers all four indicators of magnesium salinity, in three of the profiles the magnesium salinity is determined only in some horizons and in the other four cannot be clearly defined. The study also showed that the application of all four criteria is necessary in order to make a strong claim for the presence of magnesium salinity.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3865412
oai:zenodo.org:3865412
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2020/BJSS_2020_1_2.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3865411
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 5(1), 11 - 22, (2020-05-29)
alkaline soils, exchangeable sodium, exchangeable magnesium, magnesium salinity, salinisation
Determination of Magnesium Salinity in Belozem Region, Bulgaria
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:5767990
2021-12-09T13:48:46Z
user-bjss
Simeonova, Tsetska
2021-12-08
<p>The results of the groundwater dynamics are presented realized on the territory of a small watershed at the experimental station Tsalapitsa in South Bulgaria, under Fluvisol. The shallow waters of three permanent built wells from the experimental field were studied when growing different crops with different fertilization for the period 2016-2018. The samples for chemical analysis were taken monthly. It was found that different agricultural practices influenced significantly on the content and dynamics on nitrogen in the shallow groundwater. The highest concentration of nitrogen were measured when vegetables were grown, while at a change in the loading with fertilizers the values are lower around and below MPCL The calcium concentrations of groundwater vary in considerably short range, such as correlates to a certain extent with the nitrate content.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5767990
oai:zenodo.org:5767990
eng
Zenodo
https://bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2021/BJSS_2021_2_8.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5767989
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 6(2), 185 - 194, (2021-12-08)
groundwater, chemical composition, agriculture, fertilization
Groundwater Quality Dynamics from Field Experiments on Watershed Level in Southern Bulgaria
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:4318728
2020-12-12T12:27:12Z
user-bjss
Lazarova, Radoslava
Yordanova, Ivanka
Staneva, Donka
2020-12-12
<p>The aim of the present study was to determine the degree of accumulation in certain agricultural plants of uranium from soil collected from the bowl of Buhovo tailing pond near former uranium processing plant “Metallurg” in Bulgaria. The measured specific activities of uranium isotopes in soil were: 238U - 2489 Bq/kg, 235U - 117 Bq/kg and 234U - 2107 Bq/kg. Vessel vegetation trials were carried out with three varieties of barley (F-173, F-210, „Veslets”), triticale, chard, sorrel, arugula and maize on the collected soil. The highest soil to plant transfer coefficients were determined in leafy greens (238U: 2,53.10-3 - 5,97.10-3 ; 235U: 2,56.10-3 - 6,07.10-3 ; 234U : 2,96.10 -3 - 6,06.10-3 ), lower in cereals (238U: 1,32.10-3 - 1,99.10-3 ; 235U: 1,50.10-3 - 2,09.10-3 ; 234U : 1.57.10-3 - 2.49.10-3 ) and the lowest in maize (238U: 0.50.10-3 ; 235U: 0.56.10-3 ; 234U: 0.59.10-3 ). For leafy plants, the transfer factors for arugula and chard were up to three times higher than those for sorrel. Comparing different barley varieties, up to 50% lower accumulation was found in barley F173 than in other varieties tested.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4318728
oai:zenodo.org:4318728
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2020/BJSS_2020_2_3.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4318727
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 5(2), 110 - 116, (2020-12-12)
234U, 235U, 238U, uranium plant uptake
Plant Uptake of Radioactive Elements from Soils Contaminated by Uranium Mining Industry in Buhovo, Bulgaria
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:3566483
2020-01-20T17:24:46Z
user-bjss
Onwudike, Stanley
Egbufor, Olivia
Nkwopara, Ugochukwu
Agim. Leonard
2019-12-07
<p>Understanding the fertility status of soils under different agricultural systems is imperative for sustainable crop production and ecological sustainability. This study examined the fertility levels of soils under silvopastoral system of two soil types in Southeastern Nigeria. Two towns in two states with two parent materials in the region were covered namely Owerri in Imo State with coastal plain sand and Uturu in Abia State with false bedded sand stone. Surface soil samples collected within 30 cm depth were analyzed using standard methods. Silvopastoral system and parent materials guided the sampling points. Data obtained from analyzed soil samples were statistically analyzed. Significant variations existed in the particle distribution of the soil while highest gravimetric moisture content (249.7 g/kg), total porosity (67.5%) and lowest soil bulk density (0.85 g/cm3 ) were recorded in the silvopastoral lands than in non silvopastoral lands. Silvopastoral lands contained higher soil organic matter (36. 88 g/kg), total nitrogen (1.87 g/kg) and exchangeable bases than non silvopastoral lands. There was higher clay content (274 g/kg) in false bedded sandstone than in coastal plain sand silvopastoral lands. The highest value of soil organic matter (36.88 g/kg) and total nitrogen (8.7 g/kg) were recorded in false bedded sandstone under silvopastoral system. There was significant negative correlation between bulk density and base saturation (r = -0.946) and positive relationship between total exchangeable acidity and soil bulk density (r = 0.865). This work revealed that parent materials under silvopastoral systems differ in soil physical, chemical and plant nutrient concentration. Therefore it is recommended that silvopastoral system should be adopted under coastal plain sand for soil fertility improvement due to its poor soil quality.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3566483
oai:zenodo.org:3566483
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2019/BJSS_2019_2_4.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3566482
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 4(2), 132 - 139, (2019-12-07)
Livestock grazing, parent materials, silvopastoral system, soil fertility
Fertility Status of Soils Under Silvopastoral System on Two Soil Types in Imo State, Southeastern Nigeria
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2587066
2020-01-20T14:01:25Z
user-bjss
Petrova, Kameliya
2018-12-28
<p>Dystric/eutric Cambisols diagnostic features from TEFR Petrohan were investigated in the present study, which morphologically corresponded to Podzols. Diagnostic horizons were investigated to establish presence or absence of podsolization process and to classify the soil type according to the modern requirements of WRB, (2006, 2007; 2014). Humus forming process insitu, clearly expressed in the Ah horizon, acidification, degradation of clay minerals, formation of E horizon, which is clay-poor with increased content of sand, accumulation of Fe and other mobile elements in Bw horizon were established. The metamorphic Bw horizon had some diagnostic properties, which met these of spodic horizon. This horizon is specific for the Podzols. The content of organic carbon in it was less than 0.5 %. Cambisols properties are predominant.It was established that the soil-forming process in the investigated Cambisols is directed to podsolization process.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2587066
oai:zenodo.org:2587066
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2018/BJSS_2018_2_1.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2587065
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 3(2), 81 - 89, (2018-12-28)
Cambisols, Podzols, org.C, albic, spodic diagnostic horizon
Some Features of Cambisols Soil-Forming Process from Training and Experimental Forest Range (TEFR) "Petrohan" Region.
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2585655
2020-01-20T13:29:40Z
user-bjss
Iqbal, Toufiq
2017-10-05
<p>Biochar is a carbon-rich co-product resulting from pyrolysis process. Biochar amendment to soil can improve productivity of wheat plant. Therefore, the utilization of biochar in improving yield of wheat in Bangladesh was investigated in this study. Soil pH decreased 0.8 units and organic matter increased 0.67% after 159 days of incubation for the biochar amendment. Several yield parameters was similar between Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council (BARC) recommended fertilizer and half of BARC recommended fertilizer plus rice straw added treatment. This study also found that the combination of rice straw biochar with half of BARC recommended fertilizer gave better effect than single application rice straw biochar as well as gave the highest yield of wheat in the same treatment. Rice straw biochar can have the potential to decrease dependence on chemical fertilizer for wheat production. Therefore, utilization of biochar is a viable option to improve yield of wheat in Bangladesh.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2585655
oai:zenodo.org:2585655
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2017/Paper5_2017_1.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2585654
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 2(1), 53 - 74, (2017-10-05)
Rice straw biochar, Pyrolysis, charcoal, BARI Gom 28
Utilization of biochar in improving yield of wheat in Bangladesh
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2585674
2020-01-20T16:41:50Z
user-bjss
Teoharov, Metodi
Hristov, Biser
2017-12-28
<p>The article discusses the relationship between soils, land modern man and his concern and responsibility for sustainable land management. The main problems, which limit the rational use and protection of land are analyzed and also on the first place among them the improper and unfair distribution of fertile soils and lands, and the resulting problems on a different nature – geographic, demographic, ecological, food consumption and social onece The significance of the triadic paradigms "soil-land-people", "capital-labor-science" and "wisdom-harmony-prosperity" is noted as well as the maxims that oblige us to work on them. It is also emphasized that soils in Bulgaria are subject to natural, anthropogenic and technogenic pressures. Problems are outlined which are related to arable land, recommendations, guidelines and critical assessments of the soil scientists and the European institutions (European Parliament and European Commission on Agriculture and Development of Rural Areas) concerning the organization and management of soil and land resources.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2585674
oai:zenodo.org:2585674
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2017/BJSS_2017_2_1.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2585673
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 2(2), 89 - 98, (2017-12-28)
sustainable land management, soil, land, people, problems, overconcentration of land and finances, recommendations, guidelines, land use, conservation
Soil, Earth and People - Our Care and Responsibility
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:4318751
2020-12-12T12:27:12Z
user-bjss
Yusif, Sunusi
Mohammed, Mansur
Popoola, Nurudeen
Yekeen, Hammed
Nabayi, Abba
Yakubu, Hamid
2020-12-12
<p>This research was conducted at the screenhouse of Biological Science, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria, to determine the ameliorative effect of biochar application on selected chemical properties of acidic soil. The acidic soil used for the experiment was collected from Centre for Agricultural and Pastoral Research (CAPAR), Dabagi, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto while the biochar used was obtained from Labana Rice Mill, Brinin-Kebbi, Kebbi State. The biochar was applied at rate of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 t/ha. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) and replicated three times. Data were collected on some soil chemical properties and were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and significant means were separated using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at 5% level of significance. The results showed that successive increment in biochar rates virtually increased all the soil chemical properties tested for, with 70 t/ha of biochar rate significantly (p≤0.05) higher than the other biochar rates. A field trial of long term experiment with lower doses of biochar rates supplemented with inorganic fertilizer should be conducted in order to have more feasible doses of biochar in the remediation of acidic soil.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4318751
oai:zenodo.org:4318751
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2020/BJSS_2020_2_6.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4318750
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 5(2), 142 - 151, (2020-12-12)
acidic soil, biochar, chemical properties, remediation, screenhouse
Ameliorative Effect of Biochar Application on Selected Chemical Properties of Acidic Soil
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2586685
2020-01-20T14:11:19Z
user-bjss
Onwudike, Stanley
Mbonu, Vincent
2018-07-03
<p>The stability of soil aggregates against the impact of rainfall has become vital especially in South-eastern Nigeria whose soils are too fragile due to high rainfall distribution in the zone that facilities soil erosion. In trying to finding out ways of improving the aggregate stability of soils, two agricultural wastes (poultry droppings (PD) and saw dust ash (SDA) were applied individually and in combination of both at varying rates to evaluate its effects on soil aggregate stability, soil physicochemical properties and yield of maize. A randomized complete block design was used and the treatments were replicated three times. Pre and post planting soil samples were collected and analysed for physical and chemical soil properties using standard methods. Data collected from soil analyses and growth performances of maize were subjected to analysis of variance and significant treatment means were separated using least significant difference at 0.05 probability level. Results showed that plots amended with 10 t/ha PD + 10 t/ha SDA increased soil organic carbon by 25.4 %, soil total nitrogen by 25.7 %, effective cation exchange capacity by 34.3 % and base saturation by 19.2 %. Plots amended with 10 t/ha PD + 10 t/ha SDA reduced clay ratio (CR), clay dispersion index (CDI) and dispersion ratio (DR) by 75.2 %, 84.9 % and 93.7 % respectively while clay flocculation index (CFI) was increased by 82.3 %. The highest maize yield (74 kg/ha) was recorded from plots amended with 10 t/ha PD + 10 t/ha SDA. Therefore 10 t/ha PD + 10 t/ha SDA was recommended for improvement of soil properties, soil aggregate stability and yield of maize in acid soil.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2586685
oai:zenodo.org:2586685
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2018/BJSS_2018_1_2.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2586684
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 3(1), 13 - 26, (2018-07-03)
Clay flocculation index, Dispersion ratio, Erosion, Soil erodibility, Dispersion index
Contribution of Agricultural Wastes on Soil Aggregation, Soil Properties and Yield of Maize on Acidic Soil
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:4886610
2021-06-01T13:48:19Z
user-bjss
Tsikas, Angelos
Karanikola, Paraskevi
Orfanoudakis, Michail
2021-06-01
<p>Red wood ants build their nests as above-ground mounds by collecting organic<br>
materials from the forest floor. The effects of ant nest to the soil carbon and nitrogen along<br>
with the soil pH, were measured. There was an increase in pH with distance from the nests<br>
while there was a decrease in C and N concentration with the distance from the nest<br>
increases. The carbon content at the mound and nests center was differ, with carbon<br>
percentage more than double at the nests mound than in the center of the nest. In contrast the<br>
nitrogen percentage was higher at the nest center but with no significant difference. The pH<br>
was increased at the nests center while the soil was more acidic at greater ratio. Red wood<br>
ants’ mounds do not significantly alter the C and N concentrations in the forest ecosystem,<br>
but they increase spatial heterogeneity of the forest floor by storing organic matter and<br>
nutrients.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4886610
oai:zenodo.org:4886610
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg//Issue1_2021/BJSS_2021_1_2.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4886609
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 6(1), 9 - 17, (2021-06-01)
Red wood ants, pH, C and N concentrations, forest soil, forest ecosystem
Influence of the Red Wood Ant Formica lugubris Zetterstedt (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on the Surrounding Forest Soil Influence of the Red Wood Ant on the Forest Soil
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:3865538
2020-05-30T22:18:20Z
user-bjss
Kachova, Vania
2020-05-29
<p>A field experiment was carried out with Acer platanoides L. saplings fertilized using organic fertilizer „Sapton" in different variants: control (K); variant 1 (V1) - low dose of “Siapton” (1ml); variant 2 (V2) - high dose of “Siapton” (50ml); variant 3 (V3) - high dose of „Siapton” and mineral fertilizer “Krystalone” and variant 4 (V4) - high dose of “Siapton” and organic fertilizer “Biohumus”. All fertilized variants show better growth in mean diameters (root collar diameter (D0) and breast height diameter (BHD)), average height and wood biomass accumulation with the exception of V1. The dose turns out to be definitive in relation with the fertilization effect. Good results are obtained by combining two organic fertilizers (V4) during the first two years of fertilization. Variant 3 (combination with mineral fertilizer), however, has a longer duration and is manifested in a long time after application of fertilization (especially in the third year after treatment) and is also recommended to be applied in practice. The increment of height is most pronounced in V4 (a combination of two organic fertilizers) for a longer period, too: an increment of 0.43 m versus 0.07 m for the control during the third year. This gives the reason to recommend organic fertilization in improving the growth characteristics of Norway maple for the needs of forestry and urban planning where good growth and accumulation of woody biomass is desired.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3865538
oai:zenodo.org:3865538
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2020/BJSS_2020_1_5.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3865537
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 5(1), 50 - 63, (2020-05-29)
increments, stem form coefficients, tree growth characteristics, total volume
Effect of Organic and Mineral Fertilizers on the Growth of Acer Platanoides L.
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2581103
2020-01-20T17:24:40Z
user-bjss
Yordanova, Ivanka
Staneva, Donka
Misheva, Lidia
2016-12-22
<p>Results of the radiological monitoring of radiocesium content in soils from different regions of the country are presented and discussed in this work. Plain, hilly and mountain areas covering two thirds of the country are included in the study. The samples are analyzed by gamma-spectrometry. Some aspects of the fixation of Cesium in the soil are studied. Laboratory experiments were carried out trying to explain the quick distribution of Cs down the soil profile in 1986, immediately after the Chernobyl’s contamination. It was established that the mobility of Cesium in soil is higher in the initial period after deposition and decreases with time.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2581103
oai:zenodo.org:2581103
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_16/Paper4_2016_2.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2581102
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 1(2), 140 - 146, (2016-12-22)
Soil, Radioactivity, Gamma-Spectrometry
Content and Behavior of Radiocesium in Undisturbed Bulgarian Soils
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:5767801
2021-12-09T13:48:46Z
user-bjss
Haas, Christoph
Heibach, Pia
Pértile, Patricia
Holthusen, Dörthe
Horn, Rainer
2021-12-08
<p>In soil rheology, the amplitude sweep test (AST) simulates dynamic stresses by means of either increasing shear strain or shear stress and returns information on the viscoelasticity and shear resistance of soils. The dimensionless Integral Z, , is used to compare the microstructural soil stability, based upon the loss factor, . Sandy, silty, loamy, and clayey topsoil-samples, equilibrated to defined matric potentials, were subjected to ASTs and pedotransfer functions were derived to test the suitability of soil physical and chemical parameters to estimate the value of . The current approach to the calculation of and of the shear strain and stress values at the cross-over (CO, i.e., where the storage modulus (G") equals the loss modulus (G"")) on the base of the commercial software RheoPlus was found to be unprecise due to data simplifications and varying assumptions regarding data interpolation. The deviation of the values at the CO and of of the two calculation methods was evaluated. Considering 132 soil samples, values ranged from 6.8 to 79.4, and the mean value and standard deviation of the difference between the values of as calculated by RheoPlus and those calculated as defined by Markgraf et al. (2009) were 0.78 and 1.49, respectively. No difference was found for soil samples with loss factor values smaller than 1 in the complete strain range. A neglectable difference was found for most samples because the loss factor values behind the „cross-over" were close to 1 and not significantly altered when set to 1. The results underline, that despite the simplifications that were made for the calculations of the rheological parameter, the resulting values of most of the considered samples, do not differ in an unacceptable manner. For the considered soils and matric potentials, the derived pedotransfer functions are applicable to estimate the values of I2 from soil chemical and physical properties such as the soil matric potential, and sand, clay, and soil organic carbon contents.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5767801
oai:zenodo.org:5767801
eng
Zenodo
https://bsss.bgissues/Issue2_2021/BJSS_2021_2_1.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5767800
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 6(2), 107 - 124, (2021-12-08)
Rheology; Rheometry; Integral Z; AST
Comparison of Different Approaches for the Calculation of the Integrated Zone and the Cross-over Value in Amplitude Sweep Tests
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2579182
2020-01-20T13:36:33Z
user-bjss
Petkova, Zdravka
2016-04-28
<p>Higher content of soil organic matter can greatly reduce the difficulties of a good crop production system. Content of organic matter in the majority of Bulgarian soils is very low which is evident from the results of soil survey and the data from mass chemical soil tests – nearly 60% of studied soils are with humus content lower than 2.5%. The organic fertilization has direct effect on supplying humic substances in soil. On the basis of some Bulgarian soil types, it is shown the inclusion of organic fertilizers into the fraction of humic acids. A pot experiment and a small field study with Haplic Chernozems show an increase into the fraction of free humic acids and those bound with monovalent cations and mobile R2O3 oxides.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2579182
oai:zenodo.org:2579182
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1/Paper8_2016_1.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2579181
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 1(1), 92 - 97, (2016-04-28)
soil organic matter, nitrogen, fertilization, humic acids, Haplic Chernozems
Manure, Soil Organic Matter and Soil Fertility
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:10207667
2023-11-26T15:52:02Z
user-bjss
Ojewumi, A. W.
Kelani, T. K.
Mabinuori, O. F.
Mustapha, Z.A.
2023-10-22
<p>Sustainable utilization of wastes such as wood ash generated by small scale industries is an innovative method of waste management. This study elucidated effects of varying levels (250 mL WALF + 750 Water, 500 mL WALF + 500 mL Water, 750 mL WALF+ 250 mL Water, 1000mL WALF) of inclusion of wood ash liquid fertilizer (WALF) on cultivation of C. annum (pepper). Distilled water served as control. Agronomical and physiological parameters of the pepper were determined. Height (18.82 cm), number of leaf (16.60), leaf breadth (3.58 cm), and stem girth (0.90 cm) of the pepper treated with combination 500 mL WALF + 500 mL Water were significantly higher compared with other combinations of the WALF. Similar observation was noticed in chlorophyll (13.6 µmol m-2) contents determined in the leaves of the pepper treated with the same combination. Higher net assimilation rate (0.80 gm-2day-1), relative growth rate (0.78 mgg-1day-1), leaf area ratio (0.08 m2 kg-1), leaf area (83.56 cm) and specific leaf area (142.56m2 .kg-1) were observed in the leaves of the pepper treated with 500 mL WALF + 500 mL Water. In conclusion the 500 mL WALF + 500 mL Water enhanced better the agronomic and physiological parameters of the vegetable, therefore, the combination is recommended for sustainable cultivation of pepper. </p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10207667
oai:zenodo.org:10207667
https://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2023/BJSS_2023_2_6.pdf
eng
Zenodo
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10207666
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 8(2), 139 - 150, (2023-10-22)
Utilization of Wood Ash as Soil Amendment and Fertilizer on Some Growth and Physiological Indices of Capsicum annum (pepper)
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:4887457
2021-06-01T13:48:19Z
user-bjss
Gadjalska, Nelly
Petrova, Rossitza
Bozhkov, Snejan
Kancheva, Viktoriya
2021-06-01
<p>The study and analyses of erosion have shown that the main factors determining<br>
erosion processes under equal soil and climatic conditions are the intensity and structure of<br>
artificial rain and the ground slope. The main factor, artificial rain intensity, depends mainly<br>
on the soil infiltration rate. In sprinkle irrigation, the soil infiltration is preceded by interaction<br>
between the soil and the rainfall drops. Failure to observe this interaction has often caused<br>
irrigation erosion problems due to the impact drops on the soil. It has been proved that the<br>
bigger are rainfall drops and their intensity, the bigger are the damages to soil structure. The<br>
most important factors on which depends the degree of erosion are erosion resistance and slope<br>
of the soil surface. Bulgarian soils are classified in a seven-degree scale, based on Qcritical -<br>
erosion-safety discharge.<br>
This paper deals with the feasibility to choose irrigation equipment suitable for<br>
agricultural crops and having appropriate characteristics of the irrigation sprinklers in<br>
dependence of soil resistance and land slope. Both analytical and experimental approaches<br>
have been used in solving the problem.<br>
Nomograms, aiming at determining the required parameters of irrigation equipment<br>
in order to prevent soil erosion, are presented. They are created on the base of<br>
experimental approaches for sprinkler equipment characteristics. The intensity and structure<br>
of the artificial rain in relation to the nozzle and the working pressure head of the sprinklers,<br>
on one side, and the soil erosion stability in relation to the difference in the land slope and<br>
rain intensity, on the other, have been studied.<br>
The analysis of nomograms allows following conclusions about the application of<br>
three classes irrigation equipment in the erosive-safe area of land with high slope:<br>
High pressure sprinklers set with the appropriate blendes are to be applied to terrains of<br>
soils with medium to high degree of erosion resistance regardless of the slope. In the set<br>
with nozzles the field of application is the same as by 2-3 degree of erosion resistance, but<br>
the limit of the slope is 7 %.<br>
The erosion-safe area of medium pressure sprinklers application is wider as they can be<br>
used in soils of low erosion resistance (1-2 and 2) by limiting the slope to 3-5 %. For soils<br>
with moderate resistance (2-3) the slope limit is 3-7 %, and for soils with high resistance<br>
(above 3), the sprinklers are applicable on steep slopes.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4887457
oai:zenodo.org:4887457
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2021/BJSS_2021_1_6.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4887456
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 6(1), 59 - 64, (2021-06-01)
irrigation, irrigation technologies, irrigation equipment, soil erosion, environment
Erosion Processes Due to Sprinkler Irrigation
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:10207630
2023-11-26T15:32:39Z
user-bjss
Igomu, E. A.
Odoemena, S. O.
Odeh, I. M.
2023-10-20
<p>Some chemical properties of soils were assessed to determine the effects of cement dust emitted by the Dangote Cement Factory on the soils of Tse-kucha community within which the factory is situated. A soil profile pit was dug at Tse-kucha and soil samples were collected from each horizon of the profile pit for laboratory analysis. For comparison, samples were also collected from another profile pit dug at Gaando, a nearby community to Tse-kucha where there are no cement dusts in soils. The samples were analyzed for their chemical properties. Laboratory determinations made include; pH, organic carbon, exchangeable bases; Ca, Mg, Na and K, exchangeable acidity, available phosphorous, total nitrogen, CEC and percentage base saturation. The results obtained from the laboratory analysis of soils from the two study sites were then compared. The result showed that, pH and organic carbon content were significantly higher in soils of the affected areas than those of the unaffected areas due to the continuous deposition of cement dusts on the surface and leaching into deeper horizons. Also exchangeable acidity available phosphorous were slightly higher in soils of the affected areas, the result also showed that, exchangeable potassium, magnesium, total exchangeable bases, and cation exchange capacity were slightly higher in the unaffected soils but there was no significant difference in terms of total nitrogen, exchangeable cation and sodium, and percentage base saturation. Generally, the research showed that there was no significant difference in chemical properties between soils of the two study sites. Thus presently, the cement dust from the factory do not significantly affect the chemical properties of soils of the study area within which the factory is situated as the dust deposits only led to a slight but insignificant change in a few chemical properties but the variation is not significantly enough to cause a serious adverse effect on crop production</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10207630
oai:zenodo.org:10207630
https://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2023/BJSS_2023_2_4.pdf
eng
Zenodo
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10207629
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 8(2), 119 - 125, (2023-10-20)
Effects of Cement Dust Emitted by Dangote Cement Factory on Some Chemical Properties of Soils of Тse-Kucha, Benue State, Nigeria
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2586710
2020-01-20T13:49:47Z
user-bjss
Safeer, Sajid
Malik, Zahid Hussain
Ahmed, Ayaz
Khan, Muhammad Azam
Zahid, Nafeesa
2018-07-03
<p>To access floristic composition and ecological characteristics, present study was carried out in moist temperate territories of district Bagh. The altitude of the study area varies between 1500 m and 3500 m. Vegetation of the area was mostly therophytic, hemicryptophytic, nanophanerophytic, nanophyllus and microphyllus. Based on IVI twelve plant stands were recognized and all of them were found to be heterogeneous. Environmental factors such as climate, soil condition etc. were studied in relation to vegetation structure. The soil of investigated area varied from heavy loam to clay and clay loam with pH of 5.83 - 7.31 while saturation% age differed from 43 – 62%. Electrical conductivity ranged from 0.8 - 0.21 ds/m, organic matter% age from 3.3 - 6.2, phosphorus from 9 - 21 ppm and potassium from 240 - 412 ppm. The highest recorded Simpson Diversity Index value was 15.67 while lowest was 6.30, species richness was high at an altitude of 2520 m i.e. 1.11 while lowest at 1926 m which was 0.71. Maturity index value lies in between 40.5 - 60.7 while equitability values ranged from 0.66 to 1.63. The present research would serve as baseline information for the future researchers in related fields.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2586710
oai:zenodo.org:2586710
eng
Zenodo
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2586709
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 3(1), 63 - 74, (2018-07-03)
Phytodiversity, Environmental, Soil, Vegetation
Phytodiversity and Ecological Aspects Evaluation of Moist Temperate Himalayan Belt, Azad Jammu and Kashmir
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2586700
2020-01-20T13:10:00Z
user-bjss
Ajala, O.N.
Olaniyan, J.O.
Affinnih, K.
Ahamefule, H.E.
2018-07-03
<p>Good soil structure is an essential element of healthy and sustainable agroecosystems. It promotes the development of extensive plant root systems and efficient use of water and nutrients. An experiment was carried out with the objective of evaluating the effect of irrigation water quality on soil structure, it was conducted in a two way factorial with four (4) locations selected along the river (0m, 200m, 400m and 600m) as factor A, and four (4) farmers’ plots were selected based on the years of irrigation (0, 10, 20 and 30 years) as factor B while three (3) farmers plots with similar irrigation history were used as replicates, with this arrangement 12 plots were selected in each farming location giving a total of 48 plots from which soil samples were taken for analysis. The mean concentration of the parameters were pH (7.09-7.82), Electrical Conductivity {EC} (0.09-0.14), Sodium Adsorption Ration {SAR} (0.12-0.74) Exchangeable Sodium Percentage {ESP} (3.59-9.46), Sand (74.67- 82.10), Silt (11.28-16.67), Clay (6.89-11.06), Mean Weight Diameter (1.38-1.53), Bulk density (1.12-1.29), Porosity (51.26-54.08), Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity (1.18-3.57). The mean concentration showed increase as the water flow downstream while higher value observed at location 3 (400m), the collected soil samples were subjected to analysis of variance using randomized complete block design (RCBD) at 5% probability level. The result showed that all the parameters were in a safe range when compared with WHO (2005) and FAO (2007) standard. It was recommended that effluent discharge and dumping of refuse along the river channel should be forcefully discouraged and that government should help in providing household disposal sites for the inhabitants of the town and that regular monitoring of Asa river be carried out as there is notable increase in the level of human and industrial activities along the course of the river.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2586700
oai:zenodo.org:2586700
eng
Zenodo
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2586699
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 3(1), 34 - 47, (2018-07-03)
Irrigation, Water quality, Soil structure, Asa River
Effect of Irrigation Water Quality on Soil Structure Along Asa River Bank, Ilorin Kwara State
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2579956
2020-01-20T15:44:39Z
user-bjss
Hristov, Biser
2016-12-22
<p>The paper deals with physico-chemical properties of Regosols in Bulgaria. Ten soil profiles are studied in North and South part of the country. These soils are spread mainly on unconsolidated rocks (regolith), slopes and eroded terrains in semi-arid areas. Sediments in these areas are manly alkaline with good sorption capacity. Regosols are moderately acidic to slightly alkaline soils. Exchangeable Ca2+ is almost equal to the soil cation exchange capacity. The amount of exchangeable Ca2+ is between 8 to 26 mequ/100g. Regosols have high base saturation from 75 to 100 %.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2579956
oai:zenodo.org:2579956
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_16/Paper1_2016_2.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2579955
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 1(2), 104 - 111, (2016-12-22)
Regosols, soil pH, CEC, base saturation
Physico-Chemical Properties of Regosols in Bulgaria
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:6780108
2022-06-30T01:48:32Z
user-bjss
Agbai, W.P.
Tate, O.J
Efenudu, I. U.
2022-06-29
<p>Due to the detrimental effect of water erosion, erosion data must be gathered for sustenance of soil structure and utilization. The aim of the study was to determine the erodibility status of the some soils in Akoko-Edo Local Government Area of Edo state, Nigeria. Soil samples were taken from representative pedons dug from the three communities namely Ikpeshi, Unem-Nekhua and Ososo. The samples were subjected to routine analysis and results were used to calculate the erodibility indices of Clay Dispersion Ration (CDR), Clay Disperion Index (CDI), Clay Flocculation Index (CFI) and Bouyoucous Erodibility Index (EIROM). The data derived were subjected to statistical analysis, to determine mean separation at 5% probability, coefficient of variation and standard error. The results showed that the soils were dominated by the sand fraction, mainly sandy loam with clay increment down the horizons becoming loamy sand and sandy clay loam. Soil pH ranged from an average of 5.36 – 5.62 across the pedons. Electrical Conductivity (EC) mean across the pedons ranged from 23.88 µS/cm (0.02388 dS/m) - 36.11 µS/cm (0.0361 dS/m) which posed no salinity threat. Organic matter was low with average of 9.28 – 14.85 g/kg across the pedons. Across the horizons, the CDR ranged from 53.7 - 62.3%, CDI (42.5 - 59.2%), CFI (34.52 - 43.1%) and EIROM (1.92 - 3.93). Clay had highly significant negative correlation (r= -0.7235) with CDI and EIROM (r = -0.9730). Sand had positive correlation with CDI (r = 0.7597) and EIROM (r = 0.9130). CDR also had a positive correlation (r = 0.8306) with CDI. CDI had a positive correlation (r = 0.6945) with EIROM. Variation for all index was low, ranging from 0.1-3. The result shows that the soils are erodible and sustainable and conservational agriculture practice should be carried out</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6780108
oai:zenodo.org:6780108
eng
Zenodo
https://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2022/BJSS_2022_1_2.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6780107
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 7(1), 13 - 23, (2022-06-29)
Akoko-Edo, erodibility, Edo state, Nigeria, status
Erodibility Status of Some Soils in Akoko-Edo Local Government Area of Edo State, Nigeria
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:3250853
2020-01-20T14:11:01Z
user-bjss
Ahamefule, Henry
Taiwo, Ridwan
Amana, Mathew
Eifediyi, Kevin
Ezuogu, Betsy
Ihem, Emmanuel
Nwokocha, Chukwuma
Yusuf, Abdulateef
Fatola, Fatai
Adepoju, Samuel
2019-06-20
<p>Osere River is one of the important rivers that serves as a cheaper and easier<br>
disposal alternative to industries and at the same time a less expensive and dependable<br>
water supply to farmers for dry season vegetable production in Ilorin, the capital city of<br>
Kwara State, Nigeria. The edaphic aftermath of the use of its water for irrigation was<br>
investigated using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in a two way factorial<br>
experiment. Factors comprised of fifty meter distance intervals (50 and 100 m)<br>
downstream and a control (50 m upstream) of a soap industry effluent discharge point<br>
and irrigation duration (0, 10, 20 and 30 years). River water samples indicated that the<br>
activities of the soap industry did not lead to its increased electrical conductivity (which<br>
signifies presence of dissolved salts and/or impurities), however soils under prolonged<br>
irrigation (up to 10 years) showed signs of salt induced structural deterioration (MWD).<br>
Farm soils 50 m downstream showed the lowest structural stability (MWD = 0.77<br>
mm)and highest % silt of 21.2 whereas those located 100 m downstream indicated<br>
highest MWD of 1.10 mm. The consequent soil structural degradation was tied to<br>
elevated values of sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) following prolonged irrigation.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3250853
oai:zenodo.org:3250853
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2019/BJSS_2019_1_5.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3250852
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science®, 4(1), 55 - 68, (2019-06-20)
Osere River, salinity, soil structural stability and soil chemical properties
Salinity Status of Osere River for Irrigation: Long Term Use Implication in Selected Farmers' Field in Ilorin, Nigeria.
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:3566473
2020-01-20T14:04:44Z
user-bjss
Agim, Leonard
Ahukaemere, Chioma
Onwudike, Stanley Uche
Chris-Emenyeonu, Chinonso
Osisi, Adaku
Ihem, Emmanuel
Obite, Samuel
2019-12-07
<p>Soil nutrients which are major factors to crop yield and food security could be loss to erosion as a result of structural break down leading to water pollution and low crop yield. Soils of southeast Nigeria like others in the humid tropical area are prone to degradation and are low in nutrient status. Therefore the study was conducted in other to investigate the distribution of selected soil nutrients in aggregate sizes under different geologic formations namely Asu River Group (ARG), Coastal Plain Sand (CPS), Falsebedded Sand Stone (FBS) and Bende Ameki Group (BAG) in Southeast Nigeria. At a depth of 0-15 cm, three replicate soil samples were taken from each formation. Collected samples were air dried, crushed and sieved using 2 mm mesh, properly labelled and analysed using standard methods. Samples for aggregate stability were not crushed after air drying. Core samplers were also used to collect samples for bulk density determination. Wet sieving method was used in separating samples into different sieve sizes of 2, 1, 0.5, and < 0.25 mm respectively. The experiment which was analysed using ANOVA was laid in Randomised complete block design. Significant means were separated using LSD at 5 % probability. Result indicated significant (P < 0.05) variations in soil nutrients with sieve sizes. Soil organic carbon ranged from 10.30 % in aggregate diameter of 2 mm to 13.90 % in 0.5 mm in Asu River Group, 5.30% in 2 mm diameter to 12.30 % in < 0.25 mm in Coastal Plain Sand, 8.80% in 2mm sieve to 13.50 % in < 0.25 mm and in Falsebedded Sand and from 8.40 % in sieve of 0.5 mm to 15.8% in < 0.25 mm sieve size in Bende Ameki Group. Higher values of total nitrogen were noted in 0.5 and in < 0.25 mm sieve sizes. Available phosphorus was significantly (P 0.25) was significantly higher in soils of Umuna (59.18%) under False bedded Sand Stone and least at soils of Obinze (26.27%) under Coastal Plain Sand and followed the order: FBS >ARG > BAG > CPS. Result also showed that soil organic carbon had significant (P < 0.05) positive relation with water stable aggregates WSA (r= 0.50), pH water (r= 0.53), total nitrogen (r=0.79), effective cation exchange capacity (r = 0.51) of the studied soils.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3566473
oai:zenodo.org:3566473
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2019/BSSS_2019_2_3.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3566472
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 4(2), 116 -131, (2019-12-07)
aggregates, geologic formation, soil nutrients, lithology, organic matter, soil erosion
Distribution of Selected Soil Nutrients in Aggregate Sizes of Soils Under Different Geologic Formations in Southeast Nigeria
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:3250851
2020-01-20T15:33:05Z
user-bjss
Boteva, Silvena
Lyubenova, Mariyana
Kalcheva, Hristina
2019-06-20
<p>The publication deals with the application of Lepidium sativum L. biotest for the study<br>
of soils from three sites included in the National Soil Monitoring Network. There were no<br>
exceedances of the limit values of the soil indicators in the monitored sites. The obtained<br>
results presented the existence of strong correlations between the bio test seeds and sprouts<br>
development and the variation in nitrogen content and the concentration of cobalt, nickel, zinc<br>
and copper in the soil. The results of this study have shown some possibilities for L. Sativum<br>
L. usage in soil monitoring, especially for the influence of soil nutrient elements (nitrogen)<br>
and microelements on the plants and thus for determining soil functional capacity and ability<br>
to provide material and support services.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3250851
oai:zenodo.org:3250851
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2019/BJSS_2019_1_4.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3250850
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 4(1), 46 - 54, (2019-06-20)
soil monitoring, biotest, Lepidium sativum L., functional soil diagnistics, germination energy
Growth Test with Lepidium sativum L. for Soil Monitoring of Sites, Part of the Bulgarian National Soil Monitoring System
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:3865399
2020-05-30T22:18:21Z
user-bjss
Nedyalkova, Kostadinka
Petkova, Galina
Atanassova, Irena
2020-05-29
<p>Data on microbiology of water repellent (hydrophobic) soils in Bulgaria are scarce. This work aimed to find out relations between microbiological indicators, hydrophobicity level and other soil properties in a Spolic Technosol. Samples from 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm soil depth of a fly ash reclaimed soil covered with tuft vegetation and located near Obruchiste area were collected. Main microbiological (basal respiration - BR, microbial biomass carbon content -Cmic, amount of main microbial groups –CFU), chemical (organic carbon, available N, P and K contents) and physical (hydrophobicity level, moisture, sand and clay contents) properties were determined. It was found that the Technosol was hydrophobic in most of the monitoring points. Half of the samples were severely or extremely hydrophobic (assessed by water-drop-penetration time) and the hydrophobicity level was higher in the subsurface layer. The Spolic Techosol under tuft vegetation was characterized with low numbers of heterotrophic bacteria, actinomycetes and oligotrophic microorganisms (1-40 x 102 CFU/g) at 0-20 cm depth. As a whole, low BR rate (0.51-5.43 mg CO2/g/ 24h) and low Cmic values (2.37-18.18 mg C/100g) were established for both layers. Weak relationships of microbial parameters with organic carbon, humic acid, fulvic acid and clay contents were noticed in this soil. Significant correlations of the amount of fungi and actinomycetes with available nutrient and moisture contents were found. In general, a trend of positive relationships of fungi, actinomycetes and cellulolytic microorganisms with soil hydrophobicity was established. The relative parts of fungi and actinomycetes increased in the hydrophobic samples comparing to non-hydrophobic ones. Microbial biomass carbon tended to increase with increasing the hydrophobicity level. Data pointed on close positive relationships of microbial parameters studied with the hydrophobicity in this Technosol. Our results add new information to the monitoring study of hydrophobic Technosols from Maritsa-Iztok coal-mining region (Bulgaria).</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3865399
oai:zenodo.org:3865399
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2020/BJSS_2020_1_1.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3865398
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 5(1), 3-10, (2020-05-29)
soil hydrophobicity, Spolic Technosol, basal respiration, microbial biomass, microbial amount
Relationships Between Microbial Parameters and Soil Properties in a Hydrophobic Spolic Technosol
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:4318732
2020-12-12T12:27:12Z
user-bjss
Isimikalu, Theophilus
Olaniyan, John
Raji, Bashiru
2020-12-12
<p>Agriculture has very important social and economic footprint in Africa. Its soil resource is however threatened by degradation resulting from mismanagement, due to lack of knowledge on important soil functional properties such as mineralogy, which impact many soil processes. This study was therefore conducted to access variations in soil oxide mineralogy in soils formed from differing bedrock lithologies. Soil sampling was carried out on soils from three different bedrock types; basement complex rocks, recent alluvium, and Nupe sandstone in Kwara state, southern Guinea Savannah of Nigeria. Data was subjected to analysis of variance to determine significant differences in treatment means (p80 %). The highest mean percentage of 90.59 was recorded in recent alluvium-derived samples, while the least value of 80.75 % was recorded in basement complex-derived samples. Aluminum and iron oxides were the most saturating metal oxides in all the bedrock types, and significantly higher values of 5.65 % and 2.71 % for Al2O3 and Fe2O3 respectively were recorded in basement complex-derived soils. Dissimilar trends of mineral oxide relationships were observed in soils from the different lithologies, which are likely a result of bedrock characteristic, environmental and hydrologic factors. The relationships established between oxide minerals in this study could serve as a foundation for subsequent investigations into mineral interactions in the soils.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4318732
oai:zenodo.org:4318732
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2020/BJSS_2020_2_4.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4318731
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 5(2), 117 - 125, (2020-12-12)
soil management, oxide mineralogy, land, savannah
Evaluation of Soil Oxide Mineralogy in Different Bedrock Lithologies in the Southern Guinea Savannah of Nigeria
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2586011
2020-01-20T14:13:53Z
user-bjss
Ilinkin, Vladimir
Zhelev, Peter
Dimitrov, Dimitar
2017-10-05
<p>The paper presents results of an investigation on Fluvisols. The soils are located in “Gladino” gravel quarry, Chepintsy district, Bulgaria, on an area of 1.043 km2 . Soil samples were taken from fifteen soil profiles at a depth of 0-100 cm. The factors of soil formation were characterized and it`s physicochemical properties were studied. The changes in physicochemical properties were investigated at different soil depths and the relationships between different soil characteristics were tested by correlation analysis. The results reveal that some soil characteristics, such as the content of clay, sand, organic matter, and the soil porosity have strong positive or negative correlation with the soil depth. The soil characteristics such as acidity or alkalinity of soil (pH), the content of loam, bulk density, Total Kjeldal Nitrogen (TKN), mobile phosphorus and potassium demonstrated an insignificant or weak relationship with the soil depth. There are significant correlations between the physicochemical soil properties in 28 out of 78 cases. All results are discussed in relation to soil formation processes in the studied region.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2586011
oai:zenodo.org:2586011
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2017/BJSS_2017_2_6.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2586010
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 2(2), 133 - 147, (2017-10-05)
Fluvisols, Physicochemical properties, statistical assessment, gravel quarry
Statistical Assessment of Fluvisols in "Gladino" Gravel Quarry, Chelopechene, Bulgaria
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:10207652
2023-11-26T15:42:36Z
user-bjss
Uju, E. U.
Oti, N. N.
Ekpe, I. I.
Isaiah, A. A.
2023-11-26
<p>Recently, the importance of organic manure in enhancing soil physico-chemical properties cannot be overemphasized. Therefore a study was conducted to investigate pig slurry influence on soil physico-chemical properties in Ngor Okpala Imo State Nigeria. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with five (5) treatments replicated four (4) times. Data obtained was analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and significant means were separated using Fisher least significant difference (F-LSD) at probability level of (P=0.05). The treatments consisted of P0-control. P1- pig slurry at 10 t ha-1, P2- pig slurry at 20 t ha-1 , P3- pig slurry at 30 t ha-1 and P4- pig slurry at 40 t ha-1. The result showed that application of pig slurry at10 t ha-1, 20 t ha-1, 30 t ha-1 and 40 t ha-1 significantly (P= 0.05) improved the soil total porosity, moisture content and decreased the soil bulk density. Also the application of pig slurry at different rates improved the soil pHw, organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorous, exchangeable bases, Effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC) and percentage base saturation and significantly decreased the soil total exchangeable acidity. The trend of improving the soil physico-chemical properties was 40 t ha-1, 30 t ha-1, 20 t ha-1, 10 t ha-1 and 0 t ha-1. Therefore, it is recommended that farmers should use pig slurry in improving soil physico-chemical properties particularly at 40 t ha-1 rate of application.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10207652
oai:zenodo.org:10207652
https://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2023/BJSS_2023_2_5.pdf
eng
Zenodo
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10207651
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 8(2), 126 - 138, (2023-11-26)
Pig Slurry Influence on Soil Physio-Chemical Properties in Ngor Okpala, Imo State, Nigeria
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:7426316
2022-12-12T14:26:33Z
user-bjss
Rata, Yacine
Douaoui, Abdelkader
Rata, Mohamed
Douaik, Ahmed
2022-12-12
<p>The use of treated wastewater is considered a good alternative for the different agricultural irrigation practices and the sustainable management program for the conservation of water and soil in semi-arid areas. The main objective of this research work is to determine the impacts of the reuse of treated wastewater (TWW) on some soil properties with the collection and analysis of 68 samples from the Ain Defla wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) over a three-year period, under a turf cultivation system. Soil samples were taken at depths ranging from 0 to 20 and 20 to 40 cm and then analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and overall mineralization. The results showed large changes, over time, in the chemical properties of the soil due to irrigation with treated wastewater compared to the control, with median pH values varying from 8.12 in 2015 to 8.15 in 2016 and 8.91 in 2017. The pH increased significantly from 8.12 in non-irrigated soil to 8.22 in soil irrigated with treated wastewater. There was a significant difference between the two horizons (8.15 at the surface and 8.24 at depth). The electrical conductivity went from 0.25 μS/cm in 2015 to 0.37 μS/cm in 2016 to drop to 0.15 μS/cm and 2017. The electrical conductivity has doubled between the non-irrigated soil (0.14 μS/cm) and the irrigated one (0.28 μS/cm) while it has not changed between the two horizons (0.27 μS/cm on the surface and 0.24 μS/cm in depth). The results obtained during these three years show that treated wastewater is a main source of increase in mineral salts in the soil which could lead to the degradation of the environment in general and that of the physico-chemica quality of soil in a particular. Also, it was found that treated wastewater can be a potential source of essential nutrients for plants by accumulation in soils.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7426316
oai:zenodo.org:7426316
eng
Zenodo
https://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2022/BJSS_2022_2_1.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7426315
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 7(2), 87 - 104, (2022-12-12)
Irrigation, Physico-chemical, Reuse, Soil, Treated wastewater
Impact of the use of treated wastewater for irrigation on the physico-chemical quality of soils: A case study from Ain Defla, Algeria
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2587093
2020-01-20T13:44:35Z
user-bjss
Galic, Marija
Mesic, Milan
Percin, Aleksandra
Sestak, Ivana
Zgorelec, Zeljka
2018-12-28
<p>This field study shows how different crops and soil treatments with different nitrogen fertilization levels affect sulphur balance. Sulphur deposition, leaching through soil and water seepage, availability and uptake by crops, effects on crop yield and losses were investigated. The research was conducted on a field trial from 1996 to 2014 in temperate continental climate on Stagnosols. The soil was treated 10 times with mineral nitrogen fertilizers in an ascending doses from 0 to 300 kg N ha-1 and additional two 250 kg N ha-1 treatments, one with phosphogypsum and one with zeolite tuff and CaCO3. Drainpipes and lysimeters were installed to collect water samples and measure the effects of N doses, amendments and precipitation on sulphur losses. Average annual sulphur losses were from 4.9 to 68.7 kg ha1 through drainage water, and from 1.5 to 24.9 kg ha-1 through lysimeter water. Depending on a crop, year and yield, average crop losses ranged from minimal 2.8 kg ha-1 in winter wheat up to 17.6 kg ha-1 in oilseed rape. Average total S content in soil varied from 882 to 1764 kg ha-1 . Overall agroecosystem S balance between input and output, calculated for all crops and all treatments was positive only in the treatment with phosphogypsum for winter wheat, corn and oilseed rape. Water shortage in 2011 caused positive S balance for soybean in other treatments too, not only in the treatment where phosphogypsum was applied</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2587093
oai:zenodo.org:2587093
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2018/BJSS_2018_2_3.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2587092
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 3(2), 104 - 118, (2018-12-28)
phosphogypsum application, mineral nitrogen fertilization, crops, drainage and lysimeter water, soil, atmospheric deposition
Sulphur Balance in Agroecosystem
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:8216533
2023-08-05T14:26:46Z
user-bjss
Uzoho, B.U.
Owoh, P.I.
Irokwe, I.F.
Ekwugha, E.U.
Ubakwe, R.E.
Effiong, J.A.L.
2023-08-05
<p>Application of Q/I concept constitutes a viable approach for the estimation of soil K status and crop K requirements. Soil samples were collected from the 0-15 and 15-30 cm depths of oil palm, cassava, plantain and sycamore land-uses in the humid rainforest agroecology, Southeastern Nigeria and analyzed for K forms and Q/I parameters. Data generated for the K forms and the Q/I parameters were subjected to ANOVA and means separated using LSD at 5% probability level. Also, the K forms were correlated with soil properties and K Q/I parameters and equally amongst themselves using correlation analysis. Potassium forms significantly (LSD 0.05) decreased as total > structural > available > exchangeable > non-exchangeable > solution K. The K Q/I parameters varied significantly (LSD0.05) according to land-uses and soil depths and ranged between 1.16-2.03 Mol L-1/2 x 10-3 (ARe ok), 9.25-17.75cmol kg-1 (KL), 3.63-6.13cmol kg-1(Ko), 5.63-12.25cmol kg-1 (Kx), 6.37-9.81cmolkg-1(mol L-1) -1/2 (PBCok), 26.14-53.96 cmol kg-1(mol L-1) -1/2(Kpot), 0.82- 1.83Lmol-1) -1/2 (KG), 328.32-1562.82 KJ mol-1(-∆G) and 0.14-0.50% (Ksat). Whereas the intercorrelation of K forms was significant (P < 0.05), the correlation between K Q/I parameters with most K forms and soil properties and between K forms with most soil properties were distinct. The Q/I concept could be useful for understanding of transformation of K in soil and the prediction of K fertilizer for sustained crop performance.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8216533
oai:zenodo.org:8216533
eng
Zenodo
https://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2023/BJSS_2023_1_5.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8216532
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 8(1), 57 - 74, (2023-08-05)
potassium, Q/I relationship, land-use, humid rainforest and Nigeria
Quantity-Intensity Relation of Potassium in Soils of Selected Land-uses in the Humid Rainforest Agroecology, Southeastern, Nigeria
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:3865420
2020-05-30T22:18:21Z
user-bjss
Popova, Zornitsa
Gabrielle, Benoit
Leviel, Bruno
Kercheva, Milena
2020-05-29
<p>This paper reports on CERES-maize model stepwise calibration, modification and validation using independent data from specific experiments carried out in a chromic luvisol (Chelopechene), Sofia field,1997-1999. Laboratory based water conductivity curve WCC (eq.1) and water retention curve WRC (eq.2) are calibrated (step i) and adjusted to data measured in field (step ii) (Fig.1; Table 3). Field observations of water dynamics under maize hybrid Kn 509 relative to optimal nitrogen supply N200 (kg ha-1 ) and variable water stress (irrigated A1 plots/lysimeters №1 and №2) are used to modify the function of Root Water Absorption (eq.3) (step iii). The ability of calibrated biological module of CERES-NC-Maize model to make predictions without any further adjustments of parameters is tested against independent three-year dataset (1997-1999) collected in the same field (Chelopechene) but in lysimeter №1 (step iv). Observed water contents in the 1.30 m root zone PESW and soil layers SW (Figs.3a, 3b, 3c, 3d), actual crop water uptake (evapotranspiration ET) (Figs. 4 and 5) and water fluxes prove acceptable agreement with validated model outputs. Model predictions of crop growth and dry weights of maize are acceptably precise in most of the tested situations (Fig.6). The results support the use of tested CERES-NC model in prediction of aboveground dry matter, water balance and storage under maize on Chromic Luvisols in Sofia field.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3865420
oai:zenodo.org:3865420
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2020/BJSS_2020_1_3.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3865419
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 5(1), 23 - 33, (2020-05-29)
"crop-soil-atmosphere" system, transport of water, lysimeters' experiments; CERES-NC-maize model parameterisation, model predictive capacity
Test of the Biological Module of CERES-Maize Model in Lysimeters on Chromic Luvisols
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2585990
2020-01-20T14:19:53Z
user-bjss
Ahukaemere, Chioma
Osujieke, Donald
Ndukwu, Bernardine
2017-10-05
<p>Horizon differences in soils influence ability of crops to obtain nutrients and indeed support other uses. The study aimed at investigating the micronutrient (Cu, Mn, Fe, Zn) contents of horizons of two different pedons which lies on similar parent material (Coastal plain sand) in Imo State. Random survey technique guided by the geologic map of the area was used in siting one profile pits on each of the locations. The profile pits were described; and identification and delineation of horizon boundaries were accomplished using FAO guidelines before actual sample collection for laboratory analyses. Soil data were subjected to coefficient of variation (CV) analysis. The results of the micronutrients indicated range values of 0.02- 0.36 mg kg-1 for Mn, 36.6-108 mg kg-1 for Fe, 0.091-0.256 mg kg-1 for Cu and 0.205-0.774 mg kg-1 for Zn in pedon 1. In pedon 2, the ranges were 0.13-1.09 mg kg-1 for Mn, 19-50.6 mg kg-1for Fe, 0.143-0.613 mg kg-1 for Cu and 0.22- 0.962 mg kg-1 for Zn respectively. The values of Zn, Cu and Mn were below the critical limits recommended for arable crop production. However, Fe concentration was generally high in all the horizons and was above the critical level recommended. Hence, the soils were surplus in iron but deficient in Cu, Mn and Zn. It is therefore recommended that agronomic requirements should consider these essential edaphic attributes in the study area.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2585990
oai:zenodo.org:2585990
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2017/BJSS_2017_2_4.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2585989
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 2(2), 112 - 122, (2017-10-05)
Coefficient of variation, Critical level, Horizon, Nutrient, Profile pit
Horizon Differences in Micronutrient Contents of Soils of the Coastal Plain Sands in Imo State, South-East Nigeria, Micronutrient Contents of Pedons formed under Coastal Plain Sands
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:5767948
2021-12-09T13:48:46Z
user-bjss
Obasi, S.N.
Obasi, C.C.
Okorie, A.P.
Osujieke, D.N.
Imadojemu, P.E.
2021-12-08
<p>The study was carried out in Ohaozara Southern Ebonyi State in Southeastern Nigeria and aimed at studying the pedological properties as well as classifying the soils underlain by Asu River group parent material. Study area was identified in a rice soil of about 120 hectares used by FGN/IFAD Value Chain Development program (VCDP). Three profile pits were dug on a transect line of about 100 – 200m apart. Samples were collected and analyzed using standard procedures. Soil colours ranged from yellow (5YR7/3) at the A horizon to reddish yellow (5YR7/8) at the Bt2 horizon of pedon in location 1 when measured under dry condition. Also at the location 1 when soils were measured under moist condition, the colours ranged from very pale brown (10YR7/3) at the topmost horizon to reddish yellow (7.5YR7/8) at the Bt2 horizon. At location 2, soil colour ranged from white (5YR8/1) at the topmost horizon to reddish yellow (10YR7/6) at the Bt2 horizon when dry. However, when moist it ranged from light grey (7.5YR7/1) to strong brown (7.5YR5/6) from top to bottom of the profile. Location 3 had colours ranging from light grey (5YR7/1) at the top to yellow (10YR8/4) at the bottom when dry and from very pale brown (10YR7/3) to yellow (5YR7/6) from horizon A to horizon Bt2 when moist. Silt-clay ratios decreased down the profile in all investigated locations and scored means of 0.95, 1.02 and 1.10 in locations 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Bulk density and porosity had an opposite trend as bulk density increased down the profile, porosity decreased down the profile. The means of bulk density were 1.34, 1.44 and 1.32 g/cm3 while the means of the porosity were 49.34, 45.66 and 50.17 % in locations 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Therefore, pedon 1 is classified as Typic Eutrudept (USDA) and Eutric Cambisols (WRB) while pedons 2 and 3 were classified as Aquic Eutrudepts (USDA) and Gleyic Leptosols (WRB).</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5767948
oai:zenodo.org:5767948
eng
Zenodo
https://bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2021/BJSS_2021_2_5.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5767947
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 6(2), 157 - 168, (2021-12-08)
Pedological properties, soil classification, Asu river group, southeastern Nigeria
Pedological Properties and Classification of Soils Underlain by Asu River Group Parent Materials in Ohaozara, Southeastern Nigeria
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2579167
2020-01-20T15:31:45Z
user-bjss
Djonova, Efrosina
Petkova, Galina
Stancheva, Ira
Geneva, Maria
Michovsky, Tzvetoslav
2016-02-28
<p>The effect of inoculation with “Mycosym TRI-TON” biofertilizer applied singly or in combination with symbiotic and non-symbiotic N-fixing bacteria on the plant biomass, N and P content of some pasture grasses and soil and roots acid phopsphatase activity was studied in a pot experiment. Active and effective symbiotrophic associations pasture grasses – AMF – N-fixing bacteria, suitable for agricultural practices in the creation of meadows and pastures were selected. The best synergetic interactions were established for the combinations AMF + Rh. melliloti 116 for lucerne, AMF + Rh. trifolii 325 for red clover and for gramineous grasses – AMF + Az. brasilense 107.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2579167
oai:zenodo.org:2579167
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1/Paper6_2016_1.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2579166
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 1(1), 64 - 77, (2016-02-28)
acid phosphatase activity, AM (Arbuscular mycorrhizal) fungi, forage grass, N-fixing bacteria, N and P content, plant biomass
Response Of Pasture Grasses To Inoculation With Mycorrhizal Fungi And N- fixing Bacteria
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:3250845
2020-01-20T16:32:03Z
user-bjss
Michael, Patrick S.
2019-06-20
<p>Leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala Lam.) trees planted in alley cropping or established<br>
on fallowed farms by natural means contribute significantly to soil health and productivity by<br>
influencing various soil properties. In this study, the effects of L. leucocephala (Lam.) on<br>
sandy loam soil pH, organic matter content, bulk density, water-holding capacity and carbon<br>
stock were investigated under humid lowland tropical climatic conditions in Papua New<br>
Guinea (PNG). Soil samples were collected from 60 cm deep piths dug out from 1 m and 2 m<br>
away from the base of the legume trees. The control soil samples were collected from<br>
adjacent grassland dominated by Imperata cylindrica (L.), 10 m away from the legume trees.<br>
In all the piths, soil samples were collected from the 0-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm profiles. The<br>
results showed presence of the legume trees acidifies the soil (lowers pH), lowers surface soil<br>
organic carbon, improves the water holding capacity within the surface soils and helps<br>
improve bulk density, ideal for root growth. Comparatively there was more carbon in the<br>
surface soil of the grassland than under the legume trees. In most tropical regions, grasslands<br>
are often set a blaze for various land uses and the high carbon content is a potent source of<br>
CO<sub>2</sub> emission, contributing to the greenhouse gases (GHG) in the atmosphere. The low<br>
carbon stock measured under the legume trees means reduced emission of CO<sub>2</sub> when burnt<br>
and more benefits for the sandy loam soil. This study has implication for management of<br>
sandy loam soil using L. leucocephala (Lam.) under humid lowland tropical climatic soil<br>
conditions.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3250845
oai:zenodo.org:3250845
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2019/BJSS_2019_1_3.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3250844
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 4(1), 33 - 45, (2019-06-20)
Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.), sandy loam soil, pH, bulk density, SOC, water-holding capacity, carbon stock
Roles of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) on Sandy Loam Soil pH, Organic Matter, Bulk Density, Water-Holding Capacity and Carbon Stock Under Humid Lowland Tropical Climatic Conditions
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2585635
2020-01-20T15:16:12Z
user-bjss
Ilinkin, Vladimir
Bogdanov, Simeon
Goleva, Antonia
2017-10-05
<p>The paper presents results from an investigation on soils located in the Ludogorie region. Rendzinas (Rendzic Leptosols, FAO, 2006) have been studied. They are situated in the Lower forest vegetation zone (0–600 m a.s.l.) of the Moesian forest vegetation area. Soil samples have been taken from seven soil profiles. The study covers an area of 3000 m2 . The factors of soil formation have been characterized. Soil physical and chemical properties have been investigated. The results have been processed by a statistical programme. The arithmetic means (M) and standard deviations (±SD) have been calculated. The studied soils are characterized by favourable physical properties, e.g. water-resistant crumb and granular structure, porosity and bulk density Their low supply of plant available water is due to the high permeability of the parent material. The tendency of calcium to form complex insoluble compounds with humic substances (Knežević & Košanin, 2010) is a prerequisite for reduced accessibility of N and humus, although are not in low contents. The calcium content is naturally higher given the specific features of the parent material. Antagonism between the ions of Ca and К, Ca and Mg (Jorova, 1995) is a prerequisite for reduced accessibility of К and Mg, although, soil texture with a predominant presence of silt and clay, allows for higher nutrient content than that of other primitive soils.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2585635
oai:zenodo.org:2585635
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2017/Paper3_2017_1.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2585634
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 2(1), 32 - 41, (2017-10-05)
Rendzic Leptosols, factors of soil formation, physical properties, chemical properties.
Characteristics of Rendzinas in the Ludogorie Region
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2577972
2020-01-20T17:25:49Z
user-bjss
Teoharov Metodi
2016-04-28
<p>In this article is presented stage development of Bulgarian Soil Science – from 1911 year until our days. Fonder of soil science of Bulgaria is Nikola Pushkarov. Nearly, with his life is finished the first stage (1947). Pushkarov developed the first scientific program of soils with basic tasks. Second stage of development (1947-1969) is stage of rapid development of soil science associated with the reorganization of agriculture in Bulgaria. Third stage (1969-1989) is stage of modernization of equipment, strengthening of international relations and recognition, advanced science servicing of agriculture. Fourth stage is stage of reforms, changes and integration into European research area.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2577972
oai:zenodo.org:2577972
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1/Paper1_2016_1.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2577971
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 1(1), 5-19, (2016-04-28)
Nicola Pushkarov, Bulgarian Soil Science, stage development, science programs, soil diagnostic and classification, soil melioration, research, agroecology and agriculture, reform, changes and integration
One Hundred and Five Years of Soil Science in Bulgaria
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2585613
2020-01-20T17:40:04Z
user-bjss
Teoharov, Metodi
2017-10-05
<p>The present study includes a detailed analysis on the past, present and future of the soil science in the Bulgaria and over the world. Soil science entered in the cycle of scientific discipline serving practice when in 1883 the famous Russian scientist V.V.Dokuchaev established regularities of soil formation. Since then it has emerged as an important branch of biological science and it has become a science of undoubtedly great for public importance. There are different periods how it was developed in Bulgaria and it the rest of the world. In third period is examined Vernadski"s concept of the Noosphere and relationship with soil science and how „"the thoughtful layer of the planet” can repairs the consequences of the Technosphere and Anthropocentris.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2585613
oai:zenodo.org:2585613
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2017/Paper1_2017_1.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2585612
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 2(1), 4 - 17, (2017-10-05)
Soil science, development, periods, world schools, FAO-classification, WRBSR, Noosphere, Technosphere and Anthropocentris.
Soil Science – Science of Past, Present and Future
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:8216542
2023-08-05T14:26:46Z
user-bjss
Bello, W. B.
Olla, N. O.
Ogunjinmi, S. O.
Olaniyan, M. I.
Oyaniyi, T. O.
Olaifa, G. O.
2023-06-10
<p>Field experiment was carried out at Teaching and Research Farm of Oyo State College of Agriculture and Technology to evaluate the effects of Cow dung, NPK fertilizer and mulching on heavy metals (Zn and Pb) dynamics in the soil, plant and yield of Celosia argentea. The treatments were; Control (CO), Cow-dung (CD) (5t/ha), NPK (120 kg/ha), mulching (MU) (5 t/ha), CD + MU (2.5 t/ha + 2.5 t/ha), CD + NPK (2.5 t/ha + 60 kg/ha), MU + NPK (2.5 t/ha + 60 kg/ha), CD + MU +NPK (1.67 t/ha +1.67 t/ha + 40 kg/ha). The treatments were laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) replicated three times. Data taken were soil, plant uptake (Zn and Pb) at 3, 6, 9, 12 weeks after planting and yield at harvest. Data collected were analyzed with Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and the means were separated by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Significant (P<0.05) differences were found among the treatments. The use of CD gave the highest Zn content (106.17 g) and CMN had the highest Pb content (516.17 g) in the soil. Treatment Co gave the highest Zn (62.92 g) while CM had the highest Pb uptake (71.32 g) in plant. Although, the use of CMN gave the highest yield (3.11 g) but low in Pb while NPK gave (9.67 g) of Pb in plant but with higher (2.56 g) yield. Thus, the sole use of NPK and Integrated use of either CMN or MN is therefore recommended for optimum production of Celocia argentea and reduction in the uptake of heavy metal (Zn and Pb) which may be threat to human health.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8216542
oai:zenodo.org:8216542
eng
Zenodo
https://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2023/BJSS_2023_1_6.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8216541
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 8(1), 75 - 83, (2023-06-10)
Organic manure, Inorganic fertilizer, heavy metal, soil properties, vegetable
Effects of Cow Dung, NPK Fertilizer and Mulching on Zn, Pb Dynamics and Yield of Celosia Argentea
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:4318716
2020-12-12T12:27:13Z
user-bjss
Georgieva, Olga
Karadzhova, Natalia
2020-12-12
<p>The article presents studies of the effect of the microbiological preparation "Trichodermine", bio-organic fertilizers and growth regulators based on humic acids "Nagro", "Stimix", "BioLife" and mineral fertilizers (NPK) on the biological activity of the soil, the degree of disease caused by Alternaria capsici-annui Savul & Sandu and the yield of pepper in the field. It was found that the differences in the indicator "Biological Activity of the Soil" depend on the number of microorganisms, the composition (species diversity) and the percentage of the main Micromycetes. Organic products help to optimize soil health and reduce the total content of fungal colonies, and in the composition of Micromycetes, the fungus Trichoderma sp. is more common. When mineral fertilizers are applied, the number of fungal pathogens and toxin producers increases. A higher total yield was obtained in the variants with biological treatment. The yield increase is from 9% to 29%.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4318716
oai:zenodo.org:4318716
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2020/BJSS_2020_2_1.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4318715
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 5(3), 93 - 100, (2020-12-12)
vegetable production, biological activity of the soil, resistance to diseases
Application of Growth Regulators and Saprophytic Fungi Trichoderma viride Pers ex Fr. to Improve the Sanitary Condition of the Soil under Pepper Crops
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2586704
2020-01-20T15:24:14Z
user-bjss
Ahukaemere, C.M.
Obasi, N.S.
2018-07-03
<p>Land capability classification (LCC), fertility capability classification (FCC) and land suitability evaluation of some soils of Ebonyi State were carried out for cassava, yam and maize cultivation. Land capability and fertility capability classes were obtained using the method of United State Development of Agriculture (USDA) while suitability evaluation was done using the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations’ (FAO) conventional method. Four (4) pedons were investigated, two from Akaeze (Asu river group) and two from Abakaliki (Asata nkporo shale) . Results of LCC showed that sites 1 and 2 (Asu river group) were classified as class II soils while sites 3 and 4 (Asata nkporo shale) were classified as class IV soils. According to FCC results, the major classes obtained were SM,g,k for site 1, A,g,k for site 2 and SA,e,k,r for sites 3 and 4 respectively. The results of land suitability evaluation showed that despite climatic factors and topography, there was no highly suitable (S1) land for maize, yam and cassava cultivation. Total nitrogen and organic carbon contents of pedons 1, 2 and 4 were marginally (S3) suitable for the production of yam and cassava while the nitrogen and organic carbon contents of pedon 3 were currently not suitable (N1) for yam and cassava cultivation. Soil texture, pH, ECEC and available phosphorus made the 4 sites moderately suitable (S2) for cassava and yam cultivation. Also, the acidic condition of the soils made all the sites moderately suitable for maize production. From the results of the aggregate suitability ratings, the major constraint for yam, cassava and maize cultivation in the sites was soil fertility (f) resulting from low organic carbon and total nitrogen contents of the soils. Though not optimum for the cultivation of the crops evaluated, the soils can still produce increased and sustainable crop yield if the appropriate husbandry practices are adopted, with particular reference to organic and nitrogen fertilizer application.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2586704
oai:zenodo.org:2586704
eng
Zenodo
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2586703
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 3(1), 48 - 62, (2018-07-03)
Arable crop, Fertility capability classification, Land capability classification, Land suitability evaluation.
Potentials of Soils derived from Asu River Group and Asata Nkporo Shale for Arable Crop Production in Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2586695
2020-01-20T13:32:12Z
user-bjss
Sadovski, Alexander
2018-07-03
<p>The paper traces the emergence and development of the problem of scheduling irrigation as a scientific and practical issue at the Institute of Soil Science "N. Poushkarov" for half a century. The main participants in this process and the leading scientific publications are noted.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2586695
oai:zenodo.org:2586695
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2018/BJSS_2018_1_3.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2586694
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 3(1), 27 - 33, (2018-07-03)
scheduling irrigation, computer software, evapotranspiration, FAO project
Development of Scheduling Irrigation in Bulgaria
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:4887333
2021-06-01T13:48:17Z
user-bjss
Lozanova, Vanya
Dimitrov, Ivan
2021-06-01
<p>By assessing basic agro-technical factors, optimal decisions can be made for good<br>
agricultural practice on soils with heavy soil texture, such as the Haplic Vertisols. The aim of<br>
the study is to identify the changes in the physical and agrochemical status of Haplic<br>
Vertisols that occur under the influence of applied agro-technical measures.<br>
For the achievement of the purpose in the period 2016 -2019, field experiments, based<br>
on the block method in the Sofia Region on a Haplic Vertisols were carried out.<br>
The study found out that soil moisture was a major limiting factor for crop<br>
development. The soil moisture content is influenced by the type of soil tillage, although the<br>
density of the weeds is also less affected by the parameter. The bulk density of the Haplic<br>
Vertisols is inversely correlated with the soil moisture content. In the case of deep loosening<br>
of maize, its values are reduced compared to those with plowing. Lower values were found<br>
for the parameter after plowing as a pre-sowing treatment for wheat, compared to the variants<br>
with disking.<br>
The applied fertilization mainly affects the content of nitrate and ammonium nitrogen,<br>
the phosphorus forms remain with low values, it is clearly necessary to raise the norm and<br>
with a methodical approach it is necessary to achieve a sustainable level of absorbed<br>
phosphates. The content of the absorbed potassium is still satisfactory, and based on the data<br>
from the analysis, its reduction and export with the produced products are smaller.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4887333
oai:zenodo.org:4887333
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2021/BJSS_2021_1_5.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4887332
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 6(1), 42 - 58, (2021-06-01)
Haplic Vertisols, agricultural treatment, physical and agrochemical properties
Influence of Agro-Technical Treatments on Some Physical and Agrochemical Parameters of Haplic Vertisols
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:3566533
2020-01-20T17:32:19Z
user-bjss
Jason-Ogugbue, V. T.
Mmom, P. C.
Etela, I.
Orluchukwu, J.A.
2019-12-07
<p>This study was carried out to evaluate the physicochemical statuses of bioremediated sites in Ogoniland (K-Dere, Bodo, and Biara), Rivers State, Nigeria after a certified bioremediation protocol. Three bioremediated soils of different fallow ages (6 months, 12 months, and 18 months after bioremediation-AB) and an uncontaminated soil (Bera) were collected and analyzed for various parameters- pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total organic matter (TOM), particle size distribution, cation exchange capacity (CEC), nitrogen and phosphorus, heavy metals (lead, cadmium, nickel and copper), total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), poly aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), and intermediary metabolites. Results obtained indicate that the particle size distribution of the four soil samples were similar in terms of their content of sand, silt and clay. The pH of 12m-AB and 18m-AB bioremediated soil samples were 6.34 and 6.50 respectively and were slightly lower than pH of uncontaminated soil. The EC as well as the CEC of the bioremediated soil samples were considerably lower when compared to the uncontaminated soil sample. The range of values for TOM was between 0.095 – 1.232 % with 6m-AB soil having the least value; whereas 0m-AB and 12mAB had the highest value of 1.232 %. Sample 18m-AB had the highest concentration of nitrogen whereas, 12m-AB sample had the least concentration. The phosphorus content in each bioremediated soil was significantly lower than in uncontaminated soil. The residual TPH content of each bioremediated soil sample was above the recommended EGASPIN target TPH value of 50 mg/kg but below the intervention level of 5,000 mg/kg. The TPH contents in bioremediated soil samples were 161.25 mg/kg (6m-AB), 51.72 mg/kg (12m-AB) and 91.50 mg/kg (18m-AB). TPH was not detected in the uncontaminated soil sample. All four samples had no trace of PAH. Heavy metals were below detectable limits in all soil samples. Screening of the soil samples using gas chromatography-mass spectrometer revealed a number of metabolic intermediates in bioremediated soil samples when compared to the uncontaminated pristine soil (control). Some of the identified metabolites are known carcinogens and are deleterious to plant growth thus suggesting the unhealthy status of the bioremediated soils for agricultural productivity</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3566533
oai:zenodo.org:3566533
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2019/BJSS_2019_2_6.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3566532
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 4(2), 150 - 165, (2019-12-07)
bioremediated sites, TPH, metabolites, heavy metals, soil
Physicochemical Profiles of Various Bioremediated Petroleum Contaminated Sites in Ogoniland, Nigeria
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:4887198
2021-06-01T13:48:20Z
user-bjss
Kachova, Vania
2021-06-01
<p>Three tree species are studied: coniferous plantation of black pine / Pinus nigra Arn./<br>
and deciduous: birch / Betulla alba L./ and ash / Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh/, on the<br>
territory of Baikusheva neighborhood in Pernik, near the mine "M. Tolbuhin ”, after<br>
performed 45 years ago reclamation. The accumulation of organic matter in the mining spoil<br>
and humus composition are analysed. High amounts of org.C are found under all three types<br>
of woody plants (tC% = 3.65 ÷ 9.50 in top layers 0-20cm). This is also due to the presence of<br>
large amounts of coal carbon particles in the substrate. Humus accumulation is more<br>
pronounced under deciduous species and especially under the newly studied species of<br>
Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh (Humus% = 11.42 ÷ 16.38). But here the process of<br>
humification takes place to a lesser extent (~ 10 ÷ 16%). On the contrary, under the coniferous<br>
plantation of Pinus nigra Arn. is accumulated less org. C (tC% = 1.34 ÷ 3.65), but the<br>
humification processes are going in the highest degree (~ 18 ÷ 32%). However, this is also<br>
associated with the formation of the largest amounts of the more mobile parts of the organic<br>
matter: fulvic acids (Cf ~ 11% from tC). Among deciduous species under Fraxinus<br>
pennsylvanica Marsh, fulvic acids move in the range of the lowest values (4-5% of tC).</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4887198
oai:zenodo.org:4887198
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2021/BJSS_2021_1_4.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4887197
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 6(1), 33 - 41, (2021-06-01)
recultivation, organic carbon, humic and fulvic acids
Influence of Forest Vegetation on Organic Matter Composition after Restoration of Mining Spoils in the Town of Pernik
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:7426376
2022-12-12T14:26:31Z
user-bjss
Obasi, S. N.
Jokthan, G. E.
Obasi, C. C.
Madueke, O.
2022-12-12
<p>The study was done in Rigachikun Kaduna, Northern Guinea Savanna and intended to investigate the carbon forms such as Organic carbon, carbon loss on ignition (LOI), Biomass microbial carbon (BMC) as well as organic matter distribution of the studied soils. A reconnaissance survey was carried out in the study location using the developed Digital Elevation Model (DEM). Soils were delineated into mapping units using the cropping land uses namely maize, cowpea and rice. In each of the cropping land use, three profile pits were sited giving a total of nine profile pits. Organic carbon contents of investigated soils were low and decreased down the horizon in all investigated pedons. This trend follows closely to organic matter which decreased in the same pattern with the values of organic carbon. Carbon LOI had a very highly significant relationship with BMC and OM, non-significantly correlated with Carbon/Nitrogen ratio, Clay, pH, K, Na and total exchangeable acidity (TEA). Biomass carbon had a negative and significant correlation with organic carbon, very highly and significant correlation with organic matter. BMC tolled the path of LOI in its relationship with other soil properties investigated. Also, all carbon forms (LOI, BMC, OC and OM) investigated exhibited high (CV > 35%) coefficient of variation in all investigated locations except in pedon 3 of location B where BMC varied moderately and pedons 1 and 2 of Location C (Rice soils) where they all varied moderately (CV >15 ≤ 35%). Generally organic matter content of the soils was very low resulting from continual use of crop litters in the feeding of farm animals rather than incorporating them to the soils. Soil degradation, erosion and desert encroachment have also affected soil of north western Nigeria so immensely</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7426376
oai:zenodo.org:7426376
eng
Zenodo
https://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2022/BJSS_2022_2_4.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7426375
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 7(2), 130 - 146, (2022-12-12)
Organic carbon, organic matter, carbon loss on ignition, microbial biomass carbon
Soil Carbon Forms and Organic Matter Distribution in Arable Soils of Rigachikun, Northern Kaduna, Nigeria
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:4886402
2021-06-01T13:48:20Z
user-bjss
Teoharov, Metodi
Kirilov, Ivaylo
2021-06-01
<p>The genesis of anthropogenic soils is widely studied. Soil changes or the formation of new soil types due to human activities are a basic and major factor about anthropogenic soils. A genetic-diagnostic characteristics of anthropogenic influences and the current processes, which influence the formation of specific by composition, properties and structure soils, has been performed. Generally human activities and the consequent running processes are of a different nature and the reflection of these activities on soil cover is durable and visible. All that provides grounds for anthropogenic soils to be grouped and systemized as a separate soil type with subtypes and to be correlated according to according to FAO diagnostics and classification (2014) and the accredited criteria for soil assessment in the world referential base.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4886402
oai:zenodo.org:4886402
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2021/BJSS_2021_1_1.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4886401
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 6(1), 3 - 8, (2021-06-01)
anthropogenic soils, genesis, diagnostics, classification
Genesis of Soils with Anthropogenic Influences and their Classification
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2587074
2020-01-20T13:50:31Z
user-bjss
Osujieke, Donald Nweze
Imadojemu, Pedro Ezemon
Okon, Michael Akpan
Okeke, Obinna Marcellinus
2018-12-28
<p>The assessment of the distribution of soil physico-chemical properties facilitates the use of proper soil management practices. Hence, the study was conducted in Izombe rainforest of Nigeria to ascertain the profile distribution of physical and chemical soil properties. Samples were collected from two profile pits base on horizon differentiation for laboratory analyses using standard procedures. Data generated were analyzed statistically using coefficient of variation and correlation. The result indicated that sand recorded 760 g kg-1 in pedon 1, 730.20 g kg-1 in pedon 2 and was predominant in the soil with higher amount at the surface horizon while clay and silt increased down the pedons. Bulk density ranges from 1.14 – 1.79 g cm-3. The AB horizon was the least acidic of the pedons. Most soil chemical properties decreased down the profile. Sand and pH had low variation (≥4.80 % ≤12.60 %) while silt, organic carbon, total nitrogen had high variation (≥41.52 % ≤79.58 %) among the horizons. Fe, Mn and Zn had moderate to high variation among the horizons. Clay correlated negatively and highly significantly (r= -0.829, r= - 0.883, p= 0.01) available phosphorus and Fe. Clay also had a positive significant correlation (r= 0.665, r= 0.641, p= 0.05) with bulk density and base saturation. pH had a significant negative relationship (r= -0.708, p= 0.05) with base saturation while cation exchange capacity had a highly significant positive correlation (r= 0.877, p= 0.01) with Pb. Fe had a negative and highly significant relationship (r= -0.838, p= 0.01) with Zn. The result indicated that most mineral element are domiciled in the A horizon and such demand proper management practices for soil nutrients sustainability.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2587074
oai:zenodo.org:2587074
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2018/BJSS_2018_2_2.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2587073
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 3(2), 90 - 103, (2018-12-28)
distribution, horizon, rainforest, profile pit, soil properties, variation.
Profile Distribution of Physical and Chemical Soil Properties in Izombe, Rainforest Zone of Nigeria.
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2579012
2020-01-20T15:37:15Z
user-bjss
Malinova Lyudmila
2016-04-28
<p>Analysis of the Cambisols classification on the territory of the Central Balkan National Park has been carried out. The assessment of the available information has revealed the insufficient level of knowledge and use of outdated criteria for soil definition. The presence of Dystric Cambisols, Eutric and Dystric Regosols, Haplic Umbrisols, Rendzic Leptosols, Haplic Fluvisols has been determined in separate studies. A detailed study is required in order to define the soils and update their classification. This will contribute to the proper planning of the necessary measures for soil protection for the different types of land use.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2579012
oai:zenodo.org:2579012
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1/Paper2_2016_1.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2579011
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 1(1), 20-25, (2016-04-28)
Umbrisols, Cambisols, Regosols, base saturatuion, national park
Cambisols Classification in "Central Balkan" National Park
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:6780306
2022-06-30T01:48:28Z
user-bjss
Okonofua, Harry O.
Edemhanria, Lawrence
Alagbaoso, Chidube A.
Osubor, Christopher C.
2022-06-29
<p>Crude oil contamination of farmlands and rivers has been a major concern in Nigeria, especially in places like Ogoni land in Rivers State and some other oil producing states. It has severely impacted on the economic and health status of people in that region. It is important to find ways to ameliorate the harmful effects of crude oil contamination on both terrestrial and aquatic lives. In this study, we investigated the bioremediation profile of sandy and silty clay soils contaminated with crude oil. Contaminated soils were treated with inorganic fertilizer (NPK 15:15:15) and urea to improve the density of soil microbes and enzymes. The total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH), total heterotrophic bacteria (THB), total hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria (THUB), total heterotrophic fungi (THF), total hydrocarbon utilizing fungi (THUF), and the activities of soil enzymes such as laccase, peroxidase, lipase, and catalase were investigated. The results indicated that treatment of crude oil contaminated soils with NPK and urea increased the activities of soil enzymes and enhanced total soil microbial load that play active roles in biodegradation of petroleum products, thereby suggesting that NPK and urea treatments of soils have the potential of decreasing crude oil contamination and remediating contaminated soils. Furthermore, this study showed that NPK and urea decreased the total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) values of both sandy (92.5%) and silty clay (80.5%) soils. The findings from this study, suggest that NPK and urea application to contaminated soils could serve as beneficial remediation agents for quick mitigation of the hazardous effects of crude oil contamination on farmlands.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6780306
oai:zenodo.org:6780306
eng
Zenodo
https://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2022/BJSS_2022_1_5.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6780305
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 7(1), 49 - 66, (2022-06-29)
Crude oil contamination, (Bio)remediation, Soil microbes and enzymes, NPK
Fertilizer-assisted Bioremediation of Sandy and Silty Clay Soils contaminated with Crude Oil
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:3865443
2020-05-30T22:18:21Z
user-bjss
Michael, Patrick
2020-05-29
<p>In an undisturbed state below the water table, the sulfidic soils are benign, unless exposed due to various natural processes or anthropogenic activities and sulfuric acidity is produce, which has negative impacts on the environment. This paper examines the effects of organic matter, organic matter co-existing with live plants or live plants alone on sulfidic soil pH, redox and sulfate content under flooded conditions. In almost all cases, organic matter without plants induced ameliorative effects on sulfidic soil chemistry. In soils with or without organic matter, presence of plants led to higher Eh values, lower pH and higher sulfate contents. The reduction reactions of the added organic matter and the anoxia created by flooding were ineffective in reducing the amount of oxygen that was pumped into the rhizophore via the arenchymatous tissues in all the soils with plants. Under falling soil moisture regimes, e.g. during a drought event, presence of this type of plant species would aerate the reduced soil conditions. Aeration would then lead to oxidation of sulfides, producing sulfuric acid, which in turn would have negative impacts when released into the environment. One strategic option to reduce the amount of oxygen entering the soil would be to slash the shoots and leave them on the surface to help generate more alkalinity upon decomposition, even if the culm would continue to facilitate oxygen transport.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3865443
oai:zenodo.org:3865443
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2020/BJSS_2020_1_4.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3865442
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 5(1), 34 - 49, (2020-05-29)
Eh, live plants, organic matter, pH, sulfate content, sulfidic soil
Effects of Organic Matter and Live Plants on Sulfidic Soil pH, Redox and Sulfate Content under Flooded Conditions
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2587107
2020-01-20T14:06:58Z
user-bjss
Kachova, Vania
2018-12-28
<p>A containers experiment was carried out in four variants with fertilization of ryegrass: 1th and 2nd trials, with the addition of 1ml and 5ml of organic fertilizer “Siapton” and 3th and 4th trials: a combination of Siapton (0.5 ml fertilizer in 50 ml of water ) with the mineral fertilizer "Kristalon" in quantity of 0.5 and 2 grams respectively. There was used also a control. It is accounted a higher accumulation of organic matter (content of C% and N%) in leaves of ryegrass after fertilizing in comparison with the control. Accumulation of dry matter also is higher in fertilized variants (27.09 ÷ 37.62) compared to the control (25.99g). This difference is not confirmed and does not recorded in relation to the roots of ryegrass. Acidification of soils is changed towards a higher pH (5.5 ÷ 6.4) in fertilized variants in comparison with the control (pH = 5.2). The humus composition was studied by the method of Kononova - Belchikova, but apparent differences were not accounted in relation to the use of organic and mineral fertilizers. The content of humic acids extracted with pyrophosphate calculated according the weight of soil samples is lowest in control (1.02%), where the content of fulvic acids is high (0.40%).</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2587107
oai:zenodo.org:2587107
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2018/BJSS_2018_2_6.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2587106
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 3(2), 143 - 149, (2018-12-28)
organic mass, dry weight, humic and fulvic acids
Changes in Biomass Accumulation and Soil Properties After Fertilization of Ryegrass
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2586003
2020-01-20T16:58:21Z
user-bjss
Hristov, Biser
Nikova, Ivona
Andreeva, Nataliya
2017-10-05
<p>The loess in the Danubian plain is rich of nutrients and there is situated the south border of so called ―corn belt of Europe‖, where are the most fertile soils of Balkan Peninsula. There are five main typical soil types spread over loess - Chernozems, Phaeozems, Kastanozems, Regosols and Calcisols. There is also a big diversity in the content of basic nutrient elements – it varies between low and high content of organic carbon and mobile forms of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium. As a whole there is shortage of phosphorus in all soil types. Soils over loess are characterized by a surface layer that is rich in organic matter, minerals and nutrients with abundant natural grass vegetation and high fertility soil types such as Chernozems, Phaeozems and Kastanozems. Eroded and shallow soils such as Regosols and Calcisols have low quantities of major nutrient elements as mobile nitrogen, phosphorus, and total organic matter, consequently their fertility is low.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2586003
oai:zenodo.org:2586003
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2017/BJSS_2017_2_5.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2586002
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 2(2), 123 - 132, (2017-10-05)
Agrochemical properties, soil fertility, Chernozems, Phaeozems, Kastanozems, Regosols, Calcisols
Fertility of Soils over Loess in the Danubian Plain
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:3250857
2020-01-20T14:10:59Z
user-bjss
Sadovski, Alexander N.
2019-06-20
<p>Numerical methods including cluster analysis, similarity measures and other<br>
techniques were used to compare climatic data from Bulgarian stations in order to classify<br>
them according similar homoclimate. Using Euclidean distance and City-block<br>
(Manhattan) distance, data from Bulgaria and states of the USA were analyzed to reveal<br>
homoclime. Similarities in conditions for growth and development of crops of these areas<br>
were also determined.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3250857
oai:zenodo.org:3250857
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2019/BJSS_2019_1_6.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3250856
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 4(1), 69 - 75, (2019-06-20)
homoclimate, homoclime, cluster analysis, similarity measures.
Detection of similar Homoclimates by Numerical Analysis
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:6780095
2022-06-30T01:48:32Z
user-bjss
Stoykova, Mariela
Teoharov, Metodi
2022-06-29
<p>The content of arsenic, antimony, selenium and tellurium in soils from a territory with<br>
natural and man-caused load, located in the range of the Old Quaternary proluvial plume in<br>
the northeastern part of the Sofia valley, was studied. The contents have been determined by<br>
LA-ICP-MS, together with those of more than 45 chemical elements, for the purpose of<br>
future remediation and study of the impact of natural and man-made factors on the<br>
geochemical relationships of the elements in the specific soil environment. The studied soil<br>
types are Regosols and Cambisols, most of which have been changed and classified as<br>
Technosols (IUSS Working Group WRB, 2015, Teoharov et al., 2019, Stoykova, 2021) under<br>
the influence of industrial waste from the former Kremikovtzi metallurgical plant. Very high<br>
contents of the groups of elements Te - Se and As - Sb have been established, which are<br>
inherited from the soil - forming rocks with predominant, respectively syenite or ore material.<br>
The content of arsenic in Technosols is on average 4 times higher than the maximum<br>
permissible concentration of metalloid in industrial soils, and the arsenic in the control profile<br>
of Cambisols exceeds 1.5 times the norm for the maximum permissible concentration for<br>
arable land. The processes of overwetting, acidification and microbiological activity are the<br>
factors that influence the redistribution of the four elements in the soil environment.<br>
Contamination with agglomeration dust leads to the accumulation of antimony in the spolic<br>
horizon, where it is associated with a number of heavy metals. Its more metallic character is<br>
reflected in the statistically significant high positive correlation with iron - r (Sb-Fe) = 0.85,<br>
which shows only this element.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6780095
oai:zenodo.org:6780095
eng
Zenodo
https://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2022/BJSS_2022_1_1.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6780094
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 7(1), 3 - 12, (2022-06-29)
arsenic, antimony, contamination, Cambisols, Regosols, selenium, tellurium, Technosols
Geogenic and Pedogenic Inheritance of Arsenic, Antimony, Selenium and Tellurium in Poorly Developed and Metamorphic Soils
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:3566238
2020-01-20T17:03:53Z
user-bjss
Kostov, Ognyan
Van Clemput, Oswald
2019-12-07
<p>There is a lot of concern about climate change, nature and quality of life of people. Human activities directly affect more than 70% of the global ice-free land surface. Land also plays an important role on climate. Sustainable land and forest management can prevent and reduce land degradation, maintain soil fertility and productivity and reverse the adverse impact of climate change and land degradation. The present state of our environment, problems and future for EC science and science policy are presented in this paper. The actual status with regard to agriculture, industry, food, environmental microbiology, production and consumption of greenhouse gasses and how microorganisms will be affected by climate change and how microorganisms affect climate changes and other human activities are shown. Quality of life and suitability of environmental policies are discussed. Analyzes, contribution and problems of environmental policy are demonstrated. Future purposes, priority areas and directions of the environmental EU policy are also presented. In addition, polices for implementation of bio-environmental strategy as complex purpose are discussed. Supporting of scientific personals involved in this policy, enough financing of environmental sciences and identifying priority areas were shown. Financial regulation for environmental policy and priority areas are being underlined. The following aspects are also handled: protection of intellectual property, science infrastructure, government and private science units, updated supply of science policy information, as well as cooperation and coordination between EC members. Building scientific centers to study the relationship among environmental science and policy and business are presented. Actions for implementation of the environmental strategy are recommended. More and more stronger standards for protection and maintenance of environmental quality are recommended. The EU countries have to initiate the introduction of new laws for protection of humanity and environment. The discussion of the above-mentioned problems strongly supports the paper: “scientist’ warning to humanity: microorganisms and climate change”. Some scientists predict environmental collapses at different periods. Bio, organic low impute and sustainable agricultural practices reduce the negative tendencies for natural processes, soil fertility, rate of contamination of soils, waters and air and climate changes. Poverty, soil contamination, ways of soil exploitation, low rate of waste management, rate of concern of nature by political leaders and governments have influenced the rate of climate changes. Better and stricter standards are needed for protection and maintenance of our environment. The EU countries can take an initiative for new laws to protect humanity and maintain our environment at the present level. </p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3566238
oai:zenodo.org:3566238
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2019/BJSS_2019_2_2.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3566237
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 4(2), 99 - 115, (2019-12-07)
climate change, microorganisms, environment, scientific policy, soil, worming effect
Some Aspects of Bio-Environmental Problems and Further Development of Science and Scientific Policy in European Countries
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:4887779
2021-06-01T13:48:20Z
user-bjss
Oghoje, S. U.
Ukpebor, J. E.
Ukpebor, E. E.
2021-06-01
<p>This study was designed to investigate the efficiency of using locally produced<br>
chicken manure digestates (CMD) as nutrient supplement for the removal of diesel range<br>
organics (DRO) from petroleum products polluted soils by land farming process. Soils<br>
samples spiked with hydrocarbon mixture (HCM), 5 % and 10 %) were treated with three<br>
rates of the CMD (0, 10 or 20 %) for a 336 days period. Soil samples were collected at day 1,<br>
14, 28, 56, 84, 168 and 336 time interval and the samples were extracted using standard<br>
methods. The concentrations of DRO at various sampling periods were determined using a<br>
gas chromatography equipped with a flame ionization detector (GC – FID). The percentage<br>
removal of the DRO and the significance differences of the different treatments were<br>
evaluated using statistical tools.<br>
Results obtained showed that the use of 10 and 20 % CMD led to the removal of about<br>
50 and 58 % of the DRO respectively from the 5 % HCM polluted soils and about 41 and 35<br>
% respectively for the 10 % HCM polluted samples at day 56 and by day 84, the percentage<br>
removal of the DRO increased to about 60, 76 and about 46, 52 respectively using the two<br>
rates of treatments; in the 5 and 10 % HCM polluted samples respectively. These values were<br>
reasonable considering the level and toxicity of HCM pollution.<br>
Significant differences (P < 0.05) between the treatments and the various control<br>
samples were observed in the removal of the DRO from day 56 to 168. And at the end of 336<br>
days, the 10 and 20 % CMD treatments enhanced the removal of about 81, 96 and 56, 67 %<br>
from the 5 and 10 % HCM polluted soils respectively but no significant differences were<br>
observed between the control and the treatment samples particularly in the 10 % HCM<br>
polluted soils at this date.<br>
This study has revealed that: the use of chicken manure digestates could facilitate the<br>
removal of reasonable proportion of DRO in a short remediation time of 56 days from high<br>
and toxic petroleum polluted soils. The efficacy of the CMD was observed to decrease as the<br>
remediation period increased. It was also observed that 10 % CMD treatment was optimal for<br>
the removal of DRO at a short remediation period and repeated application of the nutrient<br>
supplement would be required if remediation period exceeded 56 days. Furthermore, it could<br>
be concluded that CMD is an effective inoculant and nutrient supplement during bioremediation of the DRO from toxic petroleum polluted soils. These findings are<br>
contributions to the existing data on organic stimulation for removal of diesel and by<br>
extension petroleum hydrocarbons from soils.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4887779
oai:zenodo.org:4887779
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2021/BJSS_2021_1_8.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4887778
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 6(1), 78 - 95, (2021-06-01)
chicken manure digestates, diesel range organics, bioremediation, petroleum polluted soils
The Effects of Chicken Manure Digestates on the Removal of Diesel Range Organics from Petroleum Products Polluted Soils
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:8216508
2023-08-05T14:26:46Z
user-bjss
Haas, Christoph
Horn, Rainer
2023-06-10
<p>The soil oxygen diffusion coefficient (Ds) was determined for structured topsoil (0.1 m) and subsoil (0.3 m) samples of a clayey and a silty marshland soil, classified as Haplic Gleysol. The undisturbed soil samples were equilibrated to a soil matric potential equal to -6 kPa, excavated 7, 12, and ≥24 months after liming with a double chamber system. No lime, and either limestone (CaCO3) or quicklime (CaO) was incorporated each in two intensities into the ploughed topsoils at two sampling sites. In combination with the values of the airfilled and total porosities, and with the help of a linear fitting factor, f, measured gas diffusion coefficients were fitted to the Millington-Quirk (MQ) tortuosity model to better match simulated and measured Ds values. Seven months after lime application, the f–values ranged between 0.013 and 0.500, indicating a more tortuous pore systems than predicted by the MQ model (f = 1). The f–values increased continuously with time or were highest 12 to ≥24 months after CaO application for the topsoils. For each subsoil, the values were in the same order of magnitude after 7 and 12 months and increased ≥24 months after lime application. The results show, that the soil macropore tortuosity as reflected by the f–value is highly dynamic at the time and spatial domains. The direct effects of liming on the f–values cannot be determined due to several interactions between liming and biotic, abiotic, and management-induced soil aggregate formation processes. The results indicate that the f– values increased with liming and that lime-induced soil structural changes are not spatially restricted to the topsoil layer where the lime had been applied.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8216508
oai:zenodo.org:8216508
eng
Zenodo
https://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2023/BJSS_2023_1_1.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8216507
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 8(1), 3 - 21, (2023-06-10)
arable soil; gas transport; Millington-Quirk; Pore connectivity; diffusivity, lime treatment
Temporal and Spatial Variability of the Soil Macropore Tortuosity of Marshland Soils in Northern Germany as Influenced by Soil Management Including Liming
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2585662
2020-01-20T14:21:46Z
user-bjss
Shaban, Nidal
Bistrichanov, Sergei
Eman Kadum
Miroslav Tityanov
2017-10-05
<p>Sustainable development in education of horticulture imposes envolvement of new system in education of agricultural experts (in particular vegetable growers); include – etical view off point to the reality of production,synthesis of traditional practices (crop rotation, mixed crops, etc.), the love to the land inherited from ancestors and modern scientific achievements from this perspective which will have a positive environmental effect over the agrarian ecosystems and the environment in general. From this perspective lectures and practices should be based on the principles of integration of different systems and methods of production; this will include sustainable management of fertilizing and irrigation; energy use associated with production; integrated control of pests with sustainable application in the farms. These principles should be presented in a special section entitled “Sustainable Growing of Vegetables” which will form the basic knowledge related to the topic; they should be incorporated in a suitable place in the respective sections for individual crops where developed of details with active participation of trained people. In order to overcome the specified problems and ensure sustainable development of the sector its necessary to provide well-trained people who know not only the traditional technologies used at present but also the principles of sustainable agriculture as well, especially related with keeping natural resources to next generations.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2585662
oai:zenodo.org:2585662
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2017/Paper6_2017_1.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2585661
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 2(1), 75 - 82, (2017-10-05)
sustainable development, horticulture, students, training
Sustainable Development in Education of Horticulture
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:6780334
2022-06-30T01:48:28Z
user-bjss
Teoharov, Metodi
2022-06-29
<p>Historical soil science is called to analyze and evaluate realistically and critically the role of important dates and discoveries that determine the further development of soil science. Of particular importance for soil science is the first scientific and fundamental work of N. Pushkarov "Formation of the soil", published 112 years ago. With the present work an analysis of the natural and philosophical-dialectical interpretations of his work related to the genesis of the soil is made. Pushkarov applies the genetic approach to the study of soils and refutes the so-called. agro-geological (geological) approach, which dominated at that time in world soil science. He makes an accurate and objective general assessment of the factors and conditions of soil formation and proves new knowledge of methodical and fundamental nature, which is applied in further research in the country. At the same time, facts are presented about the soil science or agro-geological section established by him in 1911, which performs the tasks for soil-cartographic research formulated by him. All this gives grounds to conclude that in 1909 N. Pushkarov laid the foundations of soil science in Bulgaria, and in 1911 he established a scientific-administrative unit (scientific organization at the section level) and laid the foundations of the Institute of Soil Science.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6780334
oai:zenodo.org:6780334
eng
Zenodo
https://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2022/BJSS_2022_1_7.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6780333
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 7(1), 74 - 79, (2022-06-29)
Nikola Pushkarov, soil science, soil science section, genetic approach, genesis, agro-geological bias, analysis and evaluation
112 Years Since the Foundation of Soil Science and 110 Years Since the Foundation of the Soil Institute in Bulgaria
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:3566509
2020-01-20T17:21:24Z
user-bjss
Obasi, S.N.
Ahukaemere, C.M.
Aloni, G.D.
Obasi, C.C.
2019-12-07
<p>This study was carried out in Ihugbogo community, Ahoada East, Southern Nigeria- a community where Total E & P Nig. Ltd has carried out oil exploration and drilling dating back to over thirty years. This has led to a number of spillages on most arable soils in a community where peasant farming is a major occupation. Three locations were selected for the study, and designated as Location A, B and C which had experienced spillage in 1995, 2002 and 2007 respectively. Causes of spillage ranged from activity of vandals, leakage or explosion of the piping materials and or pressure from the crude oil products. This research however, sought to investigate the effects of the crude oil spillage on the selected heavy metals concentration of the soils as excess dosage of heavy metals on soils and invariably crops may lead to adverse health effect on man and animals which depend on crops for survival. The selected heavy metals studied were Chromium (Cr), Cadmium (Pb) and Lead (Pb). Results obtained indicated that Chromium and Lead were within the allowable limits (< 100 mg/kg) while Cd had value beyond the allowable limits (>3.0 mg/kg) according to World Health Organization. Physical and Chemical Properties of the studied soils indicated that the soils ranged from Sandy loam in locations A and B to Sandy in Location B. Available P was very low (<5.0 mg/kg) in locations A and B and moderate (5 – 15mg/kg) in location C while the exchangeable bases were very low as Ca was <2.0 cmol/kg, K and Na were <0.1 cmol/kg in locations A, B and C except Mg which was moderate (1.5 – 3 cmol/kg) in locations A and B and low (< 1.5 cmol/kg) in location C when the threshold limits were considered. There was a very strong and positive correlation between the heavy metals studied and soil organic carbon. For the studied soil to be very fit for agricultural productivity, liming will be necessary to reduce the soil acidity while organic and inorganic materials will be needed to enhance the nutrient element status of the soil.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3566509
oai:zenodo.org:3566509
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2019/BJSS_2019_2_5.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3566508
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 4(2), 140 - 149, (2019-12-07)
oil spillage, heavy metals, soil nutrients, soil properties, ihugbogo community
Effect of Oil Spillage on Selected Heavy Metals Concentration in the Soils of Ihugbogo in Ahoada East, Niger-Delta, Nigeria
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:4318745
2020-12-12T12:27:12Z
user-bjss
Gyuleva, Veselka
Stankova, Tatiana
Zhyanski, Miglena
Glushkova, Maria
Andonova, Ekaterina
2020-12-12
<p>The growth potential of Paulownia tomentosa and Paulownia elongata x fortunei, cultivated at three planting densities in a greenhouse was investigated, using conventional field and laboratory methods. Data on the survival percentage, base diameter, total plant height, biomass and leaf area were obtained and analyzed. Differences in growth, productivity, survival and biomass allocation pattern of the tested clones of Paulownia tomentosa and Paulownia elongata x fortunei were found. The results obtained showed that hybrids of Paulownia elongata x fortunei do not exceed the growth performance of the Paulownia tomentosa species for the region of Sofia</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4318745
oai:zenodo.org:4318745
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2020/BJSS_2020_2_5.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4318744
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 5(2), 126 - 142, (2020-12-12)
fast-growing forest trees, plant height, base diameter, biomass allocation
Growth and Development of Paulownia tomentosa and Paulownia elongata x fortunei in Glasshouse Experiment
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:7426364
2022-12-12T14:26:32Z
user-bjss
Nwankwoala, H.O
Ahiakwo, E.
Abija, F.A
2022-12-12
<p>This study aims at assessing the hydrogeological and geotechnical characteristics of gully erosion sites in Uturu and environs. Standard hydrogeological and geotechnical investigation methods were adopted in this study. Field geological study of the area revealed that it is covered by sedimentary rocks. The soils are lateritic and are the product of intensive weathering that occurs under tropical and subtropical climatic conditions resulting in accumulation of hydrated iron and aluminum oxides. Results of sieves analysis show that the soils at the gully sites having sorting values ranging between 0.42 and 2.3 coefficient of uniformity values ranging between 3.0 and 10, and the coefficient of curvature values ranging between 0.2 and 1.3. These indicate that the soils are fair to well-sorted in places. The plasticity indices values ranging between 11.0 and 29 with mean value of about 20 indicate soils of moderate to high plasticity, slight dry strength and easily friable. Value of maximum dry density ranges between 1.83 g/cm3 and 2.12 g/cm3 at optimum moisture contents of between 7.4% and 11.3% reveals that the soils were generally loose. The hydraulic conductivity and transmissivity values as determined from statistical grain size method range between 3.8 x 10-4 cm/s to 6.4 x 102 cm/s and 3.8 x 10–2 cm 2 /s to 9.6 x 104 cm 2 respectively. These indicate moderate seepage fluxes and adverse pore pressures and are thus easily erodible. From the geotechnical analysis results, recommendations for erosion control such as aforestation and construction of drainages were suggested.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7426364
oai:zenodo.org:7426364
eng
Zenodo
https://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2022/BJSS_2022_2_3.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7426363
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 7(2), 119 - 129, (2022-12-12)
hydraulic conductivity, geotechnical, erosion, gullies, plasticity, Uturu
Hydrogeological and Geotechnical Assessment of Gully Erosion Sites in Parts of Uturu, Southeastern Nigeria
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2585629
2020-01-20T15:33:43Z
user-bjss
Kostov, Ognyan
2017-10-05
<p>It has been reviewed papers and personal investigations about soil tropical soils fertility. It was pointed out the importance of tropical soils for quantity and quality of yields of many crops. It was discussed soil quality, soil degradation, integrated nutrient management, maximization of the use the use of organic materials, balanced use of inorganic fertilizers, minimizing losses of plant nutrients, methods for conservation cropping management of low productive soils, polices for soil and fertility management and composting waste to improve and maintained tropical soils fertility.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2585629
oai:zenodo.org:2585629
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2017/Paper2_2017_1.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2585628
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 2(1), 18 - 31, (2017-10-05)
tropical soils, soil degradation, nutrient management, organic materials, composting, polices of soil fertility management.
Tropical soils: Importance, Research And Management
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2579178
2020-01-20T15:31:16Z
user-bjss
Lyubenova, Mariyana
2016-04-28
<p>The paper deals with meta-analysis of 259 dendrochronological series of mountain trees – Bosnian pine, Norway spruce and beech from 14 locations in Bulgaria for eustress investigation. The chronologies were analyzed by the original SPPAM 2.0 application. The tree ring width sequences were approximated with polynomials with determination coefficients, R2 ≥ 0.45. The growth index (It – the ratio between measured and approximated value of tree ring width) was computed. Years with It less than the threshold values were considered as eustress ones. The four grade scales for assessment of frequency, duration and depth of eustress was proposed. For the studied tree species and locations, the obtained eustress periods are as follows, respectively for the Bosnian pine, Norway spruce and beech: 42 (K=9.1), 30 (K=3.4) and 37 (K=3) on average. The obtained eustress characteristics are respectively: Average Depth, Aav = 0.16, 0.26 and 0.28; Average Duration, Dav = 2, 2.5 and 2.3 years; and Average Frequency, Fav = 10, 33 and 34 years over 100 years. The risk for The stands of two studied locations of spruce and three locations of beech were established to be in some risk. They require further monitoring. The predominance of cold-dry and hot-wet years in total number of adverse climatic years (with eustress) for the Bosnian pine, as well as hot-dry and cold-wet years for spruce and beech stands was established. The influence of climatic types of years on the eustress appearance for tree years periods have also been investigated. Proposed holistic approach for meta-analyses of series (eustress identification in radial growth of stems) is convenient for the fast monitoring of forest communities state and for recognizing the stands under risk. The capability of approach allows expression of reactive functional types of trees (PFTs) as groups of trees with the similar behavior to the influence of climatic types of years, and with similar characteristics of eustress periods. These PFTs can support the development of different local, regional and global models. The originality of approach applied includes: meta-analysis, new software, characteristics, indixes and coefficients.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2579178
oai:zenodo.org:2579178
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1/Paper7_2016_1.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2579177
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 1(1), 78 - 91, (2016-04-28)
meta-analysis, eustress, climatic type of year, classification, dendrochronology, SP-PAM application, Pinus heldreichii Christ., Picea abies (L.) Karst., Fagus sylvatica L.
New Holistic Approach for Tree Eustress Assessment and Influenced Climatic Types Classification
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2579076
2020-01-20T15:42:49Z
user-bjss
Atanassova, Irena
2016-04-28
<p>The paper focuses on the main aspects of contemporary soil eco-chemistry in Bulgaria. The issues tackled refer to: (i) analysis of chemical species, including contaminants; (ii) prediction of metal bioavailability and exposure to plants of chemical species in soil. A stress is made on pilot studies concerning organic geochmical markers, their analysis and quantification in soils (Fluvisols, Vertisols, Luvisols, Arenosols). A new aspect of soil eco-chemistry is related with analysis of compounds in water-soluble dissolved organic carbon in soil as molecular indicators of environmental change.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2579076
oai:zenodo.org:2579076
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1/Paper4_2016_1.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2579075
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 1(1), 33-50, (2016-04-28)
soil eco-chemistry, geochemistry, heavy metals, lipids, molecular markers
Contemporary Aspects of Soil Eco-Chemistry and Geochemistry in Bulgaria
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2579058
2020-01-20T16:42:17Z
user-bjss
Hristov, Biser
Filcheva, Ekaterina
Ivanov, Plamen
2016-04-28
<p>This paper deals with the contents and composition of organic matter in soils with stagnic properties. Study on the content and composition of soil organic matter, shows that these soils have low content of organic carbon. Soil formation proceeds under influence of acid plant residues from forest and seasonal waterlogging caused by the surface stagnating waters. The total carbon content decreases sharply in subsurface horizons. The amount of fulvic acids (Cf) prevail over humic acids (Ch) and type of humus is humic-fulvic and fulvic.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2579058
oai:zenodo.org:2579058
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1/Paper3_2016_1.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2579057
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 1(1), 26-32, (2016-04-28)
Soil organic matter (SOM), humus, fulvic acids, humic acids, Stagnosols, Planosols
Organic Matter Content and Composition of Soils with Stagnic Properties from Bulgaria
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2579084
2020-01-20T17:38:04Z
user-bjss
Todorova Yovana
Yotinov Ivaylo
Lincheva Stilyana
Topalova Yana
2016-04-28
<p>Heavy metals are widespread pollutants with significant environment risk due to high toxicity and clear tendency for accumulation in different matrices – soils, sediments, biota. The main research objective of this work is to assess the impact of heavy metal pollution on key structural and functional parameters of microbial communities in sediments of river-dam sequence of small hydropower cascade Middle Iskar, Bulgaria. The content of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb, Zn) was measured during the low water summer periods of 2012, 2013 and 2014. The evaluation of site quality and heavy metal pollution was done by use of one integrated index - Pollution Load Index and it was compared to total count of sediment microbiota and count of coliform bacteria, also with total dehydrogenase activity and index of phosphatase activity. The assessment of heavy metal pollution in river-dam sequence of cascade indicates the higher metal concentrations and high Pollution Load Index in dam sediments. At low level of pollution in river sites, the both structural and functional microbial parameters react to local variations of heavy metal concentrations and high negative correlation (r=-0.8÷-0.9) exists between variables. But in dam sites, the microbial community is more resistant to pollution and structural parameters react conservatively with long reaction time. The enzyme activities are more adaptive and sensitive indicators for different level of environmental impact in this case. The complex phosphatase and dehydrogenase activities have a high potential to be used as reliable parameters for precise assessment of hazardous sediment pollution in complicated ecological situations with cumulative impacts.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2579084
oai:zenodo.org:2579084
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1/Paper5_2016_1.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2579083
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 1(1), 51-63, (2016-04-28)
heavy metals, sediments, microbial community, dehydrogenases, phosphatases, small hydropower cascade
Heavy Metals Impact on Sediment Microbial Communities in River-Dam Sequence of Small Hydropower Plant Cascade
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2585984
2020-01-20T15:19:32Z
user-bjss
Lazarova, Radoslava
Yordanova, Ivanka
Staneva, Donka
2017-10-05
<p>The content of natural radionuclides 40K, 235U, 238U, 232Th and 226Ra in soils from two regions of past uranium mining in Bulgaria were determined and analyzed and results of radiation monitoring summarized. Soil samples from three other regions in the country: North Bulgaria - plane region (around “Kozloduy” Nuclear Power Plant and the Danube River) – 40 samples; semi-mountainous - (Sofia field) – 5 samples and South Bulgaria – mountainous (Rhodope massif) – 25 samples, were analyzed for comparison. Evaluation of possible radiation hazard to the population in the respective regions was made by calculatingthe average radium equivalent activity (Raeq) and the external hazard index (Hex). It was found that content of natural radionuclides in the studied soils, both plain and mountainous, is within normal background levels and is not hazardous to the population.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2585984
oai:zenodo.org:2585984
eng
Zenodo
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2585983
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 2(2), 106 - 111, (2017-10-05)
radionuclides 40K, 235U, 238U, 232Th and 226Ra, radiation monitoring of soils, radioecology
Natural Radionuclides in Soils from Selected Regions in Bulgaria Affected by Natural and Anthropogenic Processes
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2581111
2020-01-20T15:24:52Z
user-bjss
Mitreva, Zornitsa
Krasteva, Veneta
Pankov, Veselin
2016-12-22
<p>Method is developed for the field rating of main soil characteristics that define the suitability for growing emmer and einkorn wheat. Soil texture of the fallow land, depth of the humus horizon, depth of the soil profile, texture differentiation of the soil profile, soil reaction, humus content and groundwater level have been evaluated. The method is harmonized with the officially accepted in Bulgaria parametric methods of the system of field ratings and the categorization of the agricultural lands. The end result is an evaluation of the soil conditions and a soil rating.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2581111
oai:zenodo.org:2581111
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_16/Paper5_2016_2.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2581110
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 1(2), 147 - 153, (2016-12-22)
Field Ratings, Soil, Soil Characteristics, Emmer and Einkorn Wheat
Method for Evaluation of Soil Conditions Suitable for Growing Emmer and Einkorn Wheat
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2585693
2020-01-20T16:35:14Z
user-bjss
Kirilov, Ivaylo
Teoharov, Metodi
2017-10-05
<p>The present article considers the criteria for diagnostics and identification of sandy soils in Bulgaria. The research so far has proved that they have a soil profile structure of the type A-AC-C, sand content over 75% in the surface horizon and of 80-90% in the soil formation rock. With some exceptions they are non-fragmented soils. The humus content most often varies from very low to low and average by way of exception. The total content of iron is most often low and in isolated cases it is higher, which could be considered as an exception, too. The soil reaction is slightly acidic to slightly alkaline. The relative and volumetric density are high and very high and the general porosity vary from low to average. According to the water-physical indicators these soils are hydrophilic and very rarely - hydrophobic. The carbonate variation determines to a greatest extent the Sandy soil classification on a lower taxonomic level. The sorption capacity is low to average while the base saturation is high. The content of primary minerals is inherited and is determined by quartz and feldspars. This defines sandy soils as primitive ones with underdeveloped soilformation process.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2585693
oai:zenodo.org:2585693
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2017/BJSS_2017_2_2.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2585692
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 2(2), 99 - 106, (2017-10-05)
Sandy soils, origin, diagnostics, criteria for identification, classification
Criteria for Identification and Diagnostics of Sandy Soils in Bulgaria
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2586683
2020-01-20T14:08:17Z
user-bjss
Simeonova ,Tsetska
Benkova, Maya
Nenova, Lyuba
Atanassova, Irena
2018-07-03
<p>The cationic and anionic composition, i.e. K + , Na+ , Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl- , NO3 - , phosphates, SO4 2- and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in soil solutions of Technogenic soils (Technosols) from the area of Maritsa-Iztok coal mine basin in Bulgaria was analyzed and links with overburden strata were discussed. Two sites are located at the Mednikarovo village with humus and non- humus reclamation under grass vegetation. The other two are situated near the village of Obruchishte (non-vegetated and pine-vegetated). The sites differ in their textural composition, physico-chemical and hydro-physical properties. It was found that major cations and anions in the soil solutions at Mednikarovo site did not exceed the maximum permissible concentration limits (MPCL) for drinking water, while in solutions from the Obruchishte Technosols, composed of black clays intermixed with coal ash maximum permissible concentrations of sulphate (250 mg.l -1 ), phosphate (0.5 mg.l-1 ), calcium (150 mg.l-1 ) and magnesium (80 mg.l-1 ) were exceeded and may pose a threat to contamination of surface and sub-surface water of reclaimed soils.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2586683
oai:zenodo.org:2586683
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2018/BJSS_2018_1_1.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2586682
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 3(1), 4 - 12, (2018-07-03)
chemical composition, soil solution, technogenic soils, reclamation
Chemical Composition of Soil Solutions of Technosols from a Coal Mine Region in SouthEastern Europe.
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2580816
2020-01-20T15:07:37Z
user-bjss
Tsolova, Venera
Nikova, Ivona
Hristov, Biser
Ruskov, Kalin
Zdravkov, Alexandar
2016-12-22
<p>The content of Si, Al, Fe, Ti, Mn, Mg, Ca, Na, K, S, P, C, Cu, Pb and Zn were determined in order to reveal geochemical patterns of soils in the Bobov dol valley, Bulgaria. Since the Bobov dol Thermal-electric Power Plant (TPP) is situated in the valley this paper pays attention to the geospatial distribution of Cu, Pb, and Zn due to their diverse vital significance. Elements assemblages and geospatial distribution pathways are also discussed in the light of the past 40 years of operation of the Thermal Power Plant. According to the results obtained the average content of Cu (27.04 mg kg-1 ), Pb (21.96 mg kg-1 ) and Zn (57.95 mg kg-1 ) is higher than the average content of elements in local soil parent rocks: Cu (20.03 mg kg-1 ), Pb (6.07 mg kg-1 ) and Zn (46.60 mg kg-1 ). Compared to the precautionary threshold concentrations adopted for assessing the soil contamination in Bulgaria the elements contents are lower including their maximum values. However, the geoaccumulation indexes reveal an initial stage of contamination of soils with Pb. Lead tends to follow a separate mode of geospatial distribution which is controlled by both the geogenic factors and the aerosol emissions of TPP. Copper accumulation is more strongly affected by technogenic depositions and dominated in urban and technogenic zones under the form of oval spots. Konyavska Mountain is the domain of Zn revealing an altitudinal gradient of distribution. Its accumulation proceeds slowly in topsoil, but still, Zn is the most abundant element in studied soils from the Bobov dol valley. The petrogenetic pattern of geochemical suits still predominated in studied soils wherein the iron has the greatest affinity for studied elements. Soil medium reaction (pH) and organic carbon do not control the processes of distribution and accumulation of Cu, Pb and Zn. The lack of statistical correlation with organic carbon resulted from the siliciclastic nature of soil parent rocks and also reveals the prevailing geogenic origin of studied elements.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2580816
oai:zenodo.org:2580816
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_16/Paper3_2016_2.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2580815
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 1(2), 122 - 139, (2016-12-22)
Pedoecology, Trace Elements, Distribution, Geochemical Diversity, Background Values
Geochemical patterns of soils in the Bobov dol valley, Bulgaria. Assessment of Cu, Pb and Zn contents
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:3250812
2020-01-20T15:34:13Z
user-bjss
Simeon, P. O.
Apaji, N. J.
Jijingi, H. E
2019-06-20
<p>Sustainable Development is the utilization of resources to ensure the creation of<br>
materials and/or facilities/ devices that improve the well-being of man and his habitat in such<br>
a way and manner that the resources continue to be available for exploitation over a long<br>
period of time. However, many interacting factors of both nature and human activities<br>
continue to constitute great obstacles in the realization of the goal. This paper is aimed at<br>
adding to the awareness campaign in the aspects of soil utilization practices and the level of<br>
conservation awareness amongst our rural farmers who are responsible for over 70 % of local<br>
arable field crops produce. This work is an original scholarly research/ inquiry based on<br>
review of related pedagogic and didactic materials as well as observations in visits to farming<br>
communities. The results reveal soil degrading practices and low level of conservation<br>
awareness resulting from poor education (literally and practically) by government and /or<br>
private agencies occupied with sustainable development drive. The paper ends with useful<br>
suggestions that can impact positively on the awareness level and better practices by the rural<br>
farmers.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3250812
oai:zenodo.org:3250812
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2019/BJSS_2019_1_2.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3250811
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 4(1), 16 - 32, (2019-06-20)
utilization, creation, habitat, conservation, resource, obstacles
The Challenges Emanating from Soil Utilization Practices and the Levels of Conservation Education and Awareness Among Rural Farmers in Nigeria.
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2581118
2020-01-20T13:09:15Z
user-bjss
Awopegba, Matthew
Awodun, Moses
Oladele, Segun
2016-12-22
<p>Two field experiments were conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Federal University of Technology Akure (70 17'N, 150 14'E) in the rainforest zone of southwestern Nigeria during the dry and wet seasons of 2013 and 2014 to evaluate the comparative effects of leguminous and non-leguminous mulch types on the growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.). The leguminous plant mulch was Cajanus cajan while the nonlegume mulch type was Chromolaena odorata applied at the rate of 5 t ha-1 and NPK 20:10:10 fertilizer was applied at the rate of 200 kg ha-1. The treatment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. The growth and yield parameters in maize and changes in soil chemical properties were monitored and determined in both experiments. Significant increases in soil organic carbon (SOC), available P, total N, exchangeable bases, maize biomass and yield parameters over the control were obtained for the Cajanus cajan mulch treatment applied at 5 t ha-1 which were similar to the NPK fertilizer treatment. However, NPK treatment produced the highest grain yields in the dry season while Cajanus cajan and NPK treatments produced the highest biomass and grain yields in the wet season.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2581118
oai:zenodo.org:2581118
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_16/Paper6_2016_2.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2581117
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 1(2), 154 - 169, (2016-12-22)
Legumes, non-legumes, mulch, maize, biomass, yield, soil health
Maize (Zea mays) Biomass and Yield as Influenced by Leguminous and Non-Leguminous Mulch Types in Southwestern Nigeria
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:6780116
2022-06-30T01:48:33Z
user-bjss
Kirilov, Ivaylo
Lozanova, Vanya
Gerasimova, Iliana
Pankov, Vesselin
2022-06-29
<p>The soils from the Dolna Banya valley of Sofia district are formed under forest meadow, bush and tree vegetation. It has influenced their texture, natural fertility and the reaction of the soil solution. As they are located in a semi-mountainous terrain, surface horizons are subject to erosion processes and podzolization. The aim of the research is to establish the changes in the profile of Rhodic Luvisols which occurred as a result of natural influences and the type of production activity on them. The research has found that for a long time there have been changes in the surface soil horizons of all studied differences of Rhodic Luvisols. The process of podzolization continues to develop and there is an increase in the content of silt in the horizons below the humus horizon. In the case of Fluvisols, an increase in the fraction of coarse and fine sand is reported. In the case of moderately eroded Planosols land use has an impact on the soil texture. In the deeper horizons, when planted with raspberries, the content of silt and physical clay increases compared to the same soil difference in the area with the application of threefield crop rotation, compacted with cereals using a shallow mouldboard ploughing .</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6780116
oai:zenodo.org:6780116
eng
Zenodo
https://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2022/BJSS_2022_1_3.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6780115
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 7(1), 24 - 33, (2022-06-29)
Fluvisols, Luvisols, Planosols, Sofia district, process of pseudopodzolization, soil texture, three-field crop rotation
Changes in the Properties of Luvisols, Planosols and Fluvisols Under the Influence of Agroproduction Activity from the Region of Sofia District
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:5767870
2021-12-09T13:48:46Z
user-bjss
Kirilov, Ivaylo
Hristov, Biser
Pavlov, Pavel
2021-12-08
<p>The paper deals with calcareous soils in Golo Bardo Mountain in western Bulgaria. Until now no significant studies have been made for the soils of Golo Bardo Mountain. Our goal was to give assess data for their soil features, characteristics, main diagnostic indicators and properties in order to define the soil formation processes, as well as their complete morphological description. Eight soil profiles were studied in different parts of the mountain. Due to the carbonate soil-forming rocks, the leaching processes in these soils are extremely weak and it is usually difficult to distinguish the individual genetic horizons. In relation to the soil-forming carbonate rocks in the area, we distinguish two main soil units. The studied soils are Leptosols or Phaeozems with good fine-granular structure, dark humus horizon (mollic) and shallow soil profile Ak-ACk-CRk, lying on hard or weathered carbonate rock. In the studied mountain area with different elevation, the surface mollic horizon is usually shallower and very often eroded with fragments from calcareous rock. The soils are well stocked with organic matter. The amount of organic carbon in the surface A horizon varied from 7.4 % to 2.8%. The calcium dominates in exchange capacity of the soil over all other cations. There is no exchange acidity in these soils, except small amounts in the soil surface and in litter. The content of carbonates is an important soil-forming feature of these soils.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5767870
oai:zenodo.org:5767870
eng
Zenodo
https://bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2021/BJSS_2021_2_4.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5767869
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 6(2), 146 - 156, (2021-12-08)
Leptosols, Phaeozems, carbonates, soil properties
Soils over Calcareous Rocks in Golo Burdo Mountain
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:10207679
2023-11-26T16:00:20Z
user-bjss
Kareem, Isiaka
Ismail, Mohd Razi
Puteh, Adam. B.
2023-11-26
<p>Moisture stress is among the major banes against production of rice at self-sufficient level. Different growth stages of rice are affected differently by moisture stress. Therefore, we conducted a study to determine the potential of seed priming in alleviating moisture stress in rice at tillering stage. The priming treatments used were 100mM calcium chloride dehydrate, 40% (w/v)polyethylene glycol (PEG)6000 and 100ppm kinetin. Pre-germination which is the farmers' practice was used as the control. We assessed the plants on number of tillers, productive tillers, tillering efficiency and sterility, number of spikelets, filled spikelets, 100 grain weight, grain yield, harvest index, chlorophyll and proline concentration, net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, inter cellular carbon dioxide and transpiration rate. We found that one day priming with 100ppm kinetin conferred better tolerance against moisture stress and produced higher grain yield than the rest treatments at tillering stage. The outcome of this research is that by using one-day priming with 100ppm kinetin for production of MR219, we can save water at tillering stage and use the saved water for nurturing the plants at booting stage which is ultra-sensitive to water stress.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10207679
oai:zenodo.org:10207679
https://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue2_2023/BJSS_2023_2_7.pdf
eng
Zenodo
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10207678
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 8(2), 151 - 162, (2023-11-26)
Seed Priming Improves Growth and Yield of Moisture-Stressed Rice at Tillering Stage
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:3865546
2020-05-30T22:18:21Z
user-bjss
Ouaret, Hemza
Drias, Ammar
2020-05-29
<p>This study examines the approach of two contradictions in agricultural activity. The former is between the imperativeness of using agricultural technology as a necessity to overcome natural obstacles and secure the increasing food needs. The latter is, however, between the imperativeness of protecting natural resources as a guarantee for global and sustainable development. This is through investigating the effects and manifestations of environmental degradation in the administrative region of the province of Mila, which turned out to be an excellent agricultural field with considerable agricultural areas and enormous water resources. However, it poses the problem of exploiting these natural resources due to terrain obstruction and climatic conditions. Diagnosis and exploitation of available natural resources, agricultural activities, practice, and inputs of agricultural technology used in production enabled us to record several observations on the threats to fragile agricultural and ecosystems. Through field research and treatment of physical and chemical analyzes of surface water in three different areas of study, it turns out that the latter know several aspects of environmental degradation, including water and soil pollution, biodiversity degradation, groundwater depletion, in addition to soil erosion and its contribution to the mudding of the largest dam in Algeria.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3865546
oai:zenodo.org:3865546
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2020/BJSS_2020_1_6.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3865545
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 5(1), 64 - 83, (2020-05-29)
agricultural activity, agricultural technology, fragile environment, environmental degradation, soil degradation, sustainable agricultural development
Problematic and Risks of Agricultural Activity in Fragile Environments Case of the Administrative Territory of Mila Province, Northeast Algeria
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:2585643
2020-01-20T14:22:50Z
user-bjss
Idris, A.D
Olaniyan, J.O
Affinnih, K.O
Ajala, O.N
2017-10-05
<p>The study evaluated the forms and distributions of potassium in red laterite soils. Top soils samples 0 – 30cm, were randomly collected from thirty different major agricultural areas across Patigi LGA of Kwara State. Descriptive statistics was performed while regression analysis was used to assess the correlation between potassium forms. Results showed the exchangeable sodium (Na+ ) was very low to moderate. The values ranged from 0.00 – 0.27 cmol/kg soil. The exchangeable potassium (K+ ) of the soils is very low with values of 0.11 – 0.30 cmol/kg. Calcium (Ca2+) values ranged between 0.10 and 5.1cmol/kg soil while magnesium (Mg2+) ranged from 0.1 – 2.9 cmol/kg soil. The total potassium (K) obtained by concentrated perchloric acid (HClO4) had higher values (3.1 – 11.0 cmol/kg of soil) than other potassium types studied. The available potassium (K) was positively and significantly correlated with HCl Extractable K+ (r = 0.98); HNO3 Extractable K+ (r= 0.93) and HCl04 Extractable K+ (r=0.90) at P<0.01. The values of the extractable potassium increased in the order of NH4OAC</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2585643
oai:zenodo.org:2585643
eng
Zenodo
http://www.bsss.bg/issues/Issue1_2017/Paper4_2017_1.pdf
https://zenodo.org/communities/bjss
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2585642
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
Bulgarian Journal of Soil Science, 2(1), 42 - 52, (2017-10-05)
Forms, Distribution, Potassium, Red laterite soils, Patigi.
Forms and Distribution of Potassium in Red Laterite Soils of Patigi in North Central Nigeria
info:eu-repo/semantics/article