2024-03-28T15:12:22Z
https://zenodo.org/oai2d
oai:zenodo.org:4698410
2021-04-18T00:27:20Z
user-ajhse
Alonge S. K.
2020-10-01
<p>Primary Health Care (PHC) provides the most viable route towards achieving health related sustainable development goals (SDGs) and is crucial to the achievement of other SDGs. Given the importance of primary health care, nations across the world devote considerable effort and resources towards establishing and maintaining effective PHC systems. In Nigeria, domestic spending on the health sector has been declining while foreign donations towards improving primary health care have been on the increase. However, recent global trends and the imminent expiry of deadlines for a number of foreign donations point toward a not too distant future without foreign donations for health care system improvements. This constitutes a development challenge. Even though foreign donations have yielded some positive health outcomes, the effect of foreign donations on the primary health care system is unclear. The study set out to examine the amount and effect of foreign donations on the primary health care system in Nigeria. The paper combined qualitative methodology and analysis of literature to investigate the present state of primary healthcare, identify the setbacks to full development of primary healthcare in Nigeria and examined the effects of foreign donations on the primary health care system in Nigeria. The paper found that foreign donations have been increasing but have also led to the perpetuation of a non-committal attitude towards increasing domestic spending on health and the neglect of health system strengthening. Therefore, the paper recommends timely and steady increase in domestic funding for health along with the strengthening of the health system towards creating an effective primary health care system with or without foreign donations.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4698410
oai:zenodo.org:4698410
Zenodo
https://zenodo.org/communities/ajhse
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4698409
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
African Journal of Health, Safety and Environment (AJHSE), (2020-10-01)
primary health care, foreign donations, domestic funding
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE IN NIGERIA: AN APPRAISAL OF THE EFFECT OF FOREIGN DONATIONS
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:4698430
2021-04-18T00:27:20Z
user-ajhse
Samuel, G. A.
George, E. O.,
Ogbu, B. N.
Agaba, L. O.
Yisa, M. K.
2021-04-17
<p>Drug abuse and dependence producing substances are widely prevalent in African countries and have continued to increase. Substances abuse, which were originally conceived as the problem of a selected few is today becoming a problem of a sizeable proportions of the world population. A cross-sectional descriptive study design was used. Using Research advisor (2006) Sampling table, 365 students and 108 teachers were sampled using stratified random sampling technique out of 3812 and 156 study populations respectively. The instrument that was used for data collection was an adapted standardized questionnaire structured by Afuwai in 2016 who worked on drug abuse on socio-emotional behavior of secondary school students in Kaduna state, Nigeria (Afuwai, 2016). Hypothesis were tested using independent sample t-test at the .05 level of significance to determine whether there is a statistically significant difference between the means of the two unrelated groups. All statistics were done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM-SPSS version 24). The study shows that all kinds of drugs are being abused by senior secondary schools’ students in Kaduna State according to the opinions of the respondents with marijuana as the most commonly abuse drug while barbiturates (diazepam) is not a common abuse drug. An agglomeration of several factors influences the usage of drugs by senior secondary schools’ students in Zaria education Zone of Kaduna State as there were no specific factors found. The study established that female students are more predominant on abusing drugs than their male counterparts these days.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4698430
oai:zenodo.org:4698430
Zenodo
https://zenodo.org/communities/ajhse
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4698429
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
African Journal of Health, Safety and Environment (AJHSE), (2021-04-17)
abuse, drug, opinions, students, teachers
OPINIONS OF STUDENTS AND TEACHERS ON DRUG ABUSE AMONG SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL IN ZARIA EDUCATION ZONE, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
oai:zenodo.org:4698426
2021-04-18T00:27:20Z
user-ajhse
Atoe, K.
2020-12-02
<p>Cervical cancer has been recognized as the fourth commonest cancer worldwide with 70 % of deaths from cases occurring from developing countries. The mortality rate among women in Nigeria can be drastically reduced by early specific diagnosis of premalignant lesions. Although Cytokines are not routinely used as diagnostic markers for cervical cancer, this study investigated the strength of Granulocyte Monocyte Colony Stimulating growth Factor (GM-CSF) as an indicator in the prediction of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasm (CIN). The study was carried out at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Benin Teaching Hospital Benin City and Department of Chemical Pathology, Edo University Iyamho, Edo state Nigeria, between August, 2017 and January 2019. It was a cross-sectional prospective study. A total of 197 female participants were recruited for this study. Based on histological diagnosis they were grouped as; Negative, CIN 1, CIN 2 and CIN 3. Venous blood was obtained from participants and serum GM-CSF levels were determined using standardized laboratory methods. The results showed a statistically significant elevation of serum GM-CSF in participants with CIN lesions (56.27±1.21ng/ml) compared to those without (33.43±3.03ng/ml). The study also suggests a 56.3% sensitivity and a 95.3% specificity of GM-CSF marker to CIN with an Area under the Curve (AUC) of 0 .907, p<0.001 from the Receivers Operator Curve (ROC). This research suggests the use of GM-CSF as a good marker for screening of those at risk of cervical cancer because of its high prospect to reduce the incidence of false positives. However, because of the low sensitivity, it is recommended that GM-CSF be used as a CIN diagnostic tool in combination with the standard Pap smear test.</p>
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4698426
oai:zenodo.org:4698426
Zenodo
https://zenodo.org/communities/ajhse
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4698425
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
African Journal of Health, Safety and Environment (AJHSE), (2020-12-02)
Benin City, Cervix, Cancer, Diagnosis, GM-CSF, Neoplasia, Smoking, Metabolic medicine
ASSESSING THE UTILITY OF A CYTOKINE IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASM AMONG WOMEN IN BENIN CITY, NIGERIA
info:eu-repo/semantics/article