ENTRY       zma04136                    Pathway
NAME        Autophagy - other - Zea mays (maize)
DESCRIPTION Autophagy is a degradative pathway for the removal of cytoplasmic materials in eukaryotic cells, and is characterized by the formation of a double-membrane structure called the autophagosome, either in a housekeeping capacity or during stress and senescence. The process of autophagy could be divided into several stages: induction, vesicle nucleation, elongation and closure, and fusion and digestion. Most essential autophagic machineries are conserved throughout eukaryotes (see map04140 for animals and map04138 for fungi). This map is for other eukaryotes including plants and protists, where autophagy related genes (ATGs) play similar roles in the life cycle. However, autophagy has been relatively less studied in lower eukaryotes.
CLASS       Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolism
PATHWAY_MAP zma04136  Autophagy - other
DBLINKS     GO: 0006914
ORGANISM    Zea mays (maize) [GN:zma]
GENE        100275011  uncharacterized protein LOC100275011 [KO:K07204]
            103640651  regulatory-associated protein of TOR 1 isoform X2 [KO:K07204]
            100193091  uncharacterized protein LOC100193091 [KO:K07204]
            542211  uncharacterized protein LOC542211 [KO:K07203] [EC:2.7.11.1]
            100191700  uncharacterized protein LOC100191700 [KO:K08266]
            103634282  serine/threonine-protein kinase ATG1c isoform X2 [KO:K08269] [EC:2.7.11.1]
            100382597  uncharacterized protein LOC100382597 [KO:K08269] [EC:2.7.11.1]
            103641585  serine/threonine-protein kinase ATG1c-like [KO:K08269] [EC:2.7.11.1]
            100273282  uncharacterized protein LOC100273282 [KO:K08331]
            100279947  uncharacterized protein LOC100279947 [KO:K08331]
            100193032  uncharacterized protein LOC100193032 [KO:K08331]
            100278308  uncharacterized protein LOC100278308 [KO:K08331]
            100275582  uncharacterized protein LOC100275582 [KO:K08331]
            103654631  autophagy-related protein 13b [KO:K08331]
            109939169  autophagy-related protein 101 isoform X1 [KO:K19730]
            100275976  uncharacterized protein LOC100275976 [KO:K19730]
            103654871  autophagy-related protein 11 [KO:K08330]
            100383018  uncharacterized protein LOC100383018 [KO:K08330]
            100284627  PP2A regulatory subunit TAP46 [KO:K17606]
            100282177  PP2A regulatory subunit TAP46 [KO:K17606]
            100191189  uncharacterized protein LOC100191189 [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
            100191902  uncharacterized protein LOC100191902 [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
            100272765  putative serine/threonine protein phosphatase superfamily protein [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
            100273101  putative serine/threonine protein phosphatase superfamily protein [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
            100282302  uncharacterized protein LOC100282302 [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
            100282834  PP2Ac-5 - Phosphatase 2A isoform 5 belonging to family 2 [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
            100283820  uncharacterized protein LOC100283820 [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
            100381284  putative serine/threonine protein phosphatase superfamily protein [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
            100272642  uncharacterized protein LOC100272642 [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
            103644573  serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1 isozyme 1 [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
            100502331  autophagy protein 9 [KO:K17907]
            103629977  autophagy-related protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17906]
            109942396  autophagy-related protein 2 [KO:K17906]
            100279118  uncharacterized protein LOC100279118 [KO:K17908]
            732797  beclin 1 protein [KO:K08334]
            103636340  beclin-1-like protein isoform X1 [KO:K08334]
            103653397  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, root isoform [KO:K00914] [EC:2.7.1.137]
            103627860  serine/threonine-protein kinase VPS15 isoform X1 [KO:K08333] [EC:2.7.11.1]
            103654173  serine/threonine-protein kinase VPS15 isoform X1 [KO:K08333] [EC:2.7.11.1]
            100240693  uncharacterized protein LOC100240693 [KO:K08336]
            732728  autophagy protein 5 [KO:K08339]
            100282904  uncharacterized protein LOC100282904 [KO:K17890]
            100233231  uncharacterized protein LOC100233231 [KO:K08337]
            100240692  uncharacterized protein LOC100240692 isoform 1 [KO:K17888]
            100240689  uncharacterized protein LOC100240689 [KO:K08343]
            103648544  autophagy-related protein 3 [KO:K08343]
            103644423  autophagy-related protein 3 [KO:K08343]
            103637461  autophagy-related protein 3 [KO:K08343]
            103625959  autophagy-related protein 3 [KO:K08343]
            100240694  uncharacterized protein LOC100240694 [KO:K08341]
            100240695  uncharacterized protein LOC100240695 [KO:K08341]
            100240696  Atg8c; autophagy-related 8c [KO:K08341]
            100240698  uncharacterized protein LOC100240698 [KO:K08341]
            100240697  uncharacterized protein LOC100240697 [KO:K08341]
            100240690  uncharacterized protein LOC100240690 [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
            100240691  uncharacterized protein LOC100240691 [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
            103645750  cysteine protease ATG4B-like [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
            103645145  cysteine protease ATG4B [KO:K08342] [EC:3.4.22.-]
COMPOUND    C00350  Phosphatidylethanolamine
            C01194  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol
            C04549  1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
REFERENCE   PMID:20962583
  AUTHORS   Duszenko M, Ginger ML, Brennand A, Gualdron-Lopez M, Colombo MI, Coombs GH, Coppens I, Jayabalasingham B, Langsley G, de Castro SL, Menna-Barreto R, Mottram JC, Navarro M, Rigden DJ, Romano PS, Stoka V, Turk B, Michels PA
  TITLE     Autophagy in protists.
  JOURNAL   Autophagy 7:127-58 (2011)
            DOI:10.4161/auto.7.2.13310
REFERENCE   PMID:21660427
  AUTHORS   Avin-Wittenberg T, Honig A, Galili G
  TITLE     Variations on a theme: plant autophagy in comparison to yeast and mammals.
  JOURNAL   Protoplasma 249:285-99 (2012)
            DOI:10.1007/s00709-011-0296-z
REFERENCE   PMID:22242963
  AUTHORS   Liu Y, Bassham DC
  TITLE     Autophagy: pathways for self-eating in plant cells.
  JOURNAL   Annu Rev Plant Biol 63:215-37 (2012)
            DOI:10.1146/annurev-arplant-042811-105441
REFERENCE   PMID:22764279
  AUTHORS   Yoshimoto K
  TITLE     Beginning to understand autophagy, an intracellular self-degradation system in plants.
  JOURNAL   Plant Cell Physiol 53:1355-65 (2012)
            DOI:10.1093/pcp/pcs099
REFERENCE   PMID:24563201
  AUTHORS   Li F, Chung T, Vierstra RD
  TITLE     AUTOPHAGY-RELATED11 plays a critical role in general autophagy- and senescence-induced mitophagy in Arabidopsis.
  JOURNAL   Plant Cell 26:788-807 (2014)
            DOI:10.1105/tpc.113.120014
REFERENCE   PMID:26598298
  AUTHORS   Michaeli S, Galili G, Genschik P, Fernie AR, Avin-Wittenberg T
  TITLE     Autophagy in Plants--What's New on the Menu?
  JOURNAL   Trends Plant Sci 21:134-44 (2016)
            DOI:10.1016/j.tplants.2015.10.008
REFERENCE   PMID:26614870
  AUTHORS   Yang X, Bassham DC
  TITLE     New Insight into the Mechanism and Function of Autophagy in Plant Cells.
  JOURNAL   Int Rev Cell Mol Biol 320:1-40 (2015)
            DOI:10.1016/bs.ircmb.2015.07.005
KO_PATHWAY  ko04136
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