ENTRY       mtr00908                    Pathway
NAME        Zeatin biosynthesis - Medicago truncatula (barrel medic)
DESCRIPTION Zeatin is a member of the cytokinin family, a class of phytohormones involved in various processes of growth and development in plants. Most abundant cytokinins are adenine-type, where the N6 position of adenine is substituted with an isoprenoid, such as in zeatin, or an aromatic side chain, such as in kinetin. Zeatin can be synthesized in two different pathways: the tRNA pathway and the AMP pathway. In the tRNA pathway zeatin is a recycled product of isopentenylated tRNAs. In the AMP pathway zeatin is synthesized from an isopentenyl donor, dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP), and AMP, ADP, or ATP by isopentenyltransferases. After synthesis cytokinins can be glucosylated.
CLASS       Metabolism; Metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides
PATHWAY_MAP mtr00908  Zeatin biosynthesis
DBLINKS     GO: 0009691
ORGANISM    Medicago truncatula (barrel medic) [GN:mtr]
GENE        25499832  adenylate isopentenyltransferase 5, chloroplastic [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            11418306  adenylate isopentenyltransferase 5, chloroplastic [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            11422296  adenylate isopentenyltransferase 5, chloroplastic [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            11411684  adenylate isopentenyltransferase 5, chloroplastic [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            11412710  adenylate isopentenyltransferase 5, chloroplastic [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            11422300  adenylate isopentenyltransferase 5, chloroplastic [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            25494009  adenylate isopentenyltransferase 5, chloroplastic [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            120576031  adenylate isopentenyltransferase 5, chloroplastic-like [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            120576032  adenylate isopentenyltransferase 5, chloroplastic-like [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            120576033  adenylate isopentenyltransferase 5, chloroplastic-like [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            120576034  adenylate isopentenyltransferase 5, chloroplastic-like [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            120576035  adenylate isopentenyltransferase 5, chloroplastic-like [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            120576036  adenylate isopentenyltransferase 5, chloroplastic-like [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            120576037  adenylate isopentenyltransferase 5, chloroplastic-like [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            120576038  adenylate isopentenyltransferase 5, chloroplastic-like [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            25497789  adenylate isopentenyltransferase 5, chloroplastic [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            120579475  adenylate isopentenyltransferase 5, chloroplastic-like [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            25496348  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: adenylate isopentenyltransferase 5, chloroplastic [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            25488541  adenylate isopentenyltransferase 7, mitochondrial [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            25486078  adenylate isopentenyltransferase 5, chloroplastic [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            11420809  adenylate isopentenyltransferase 3, chloroplastic [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            11441304  adenylate isopentenyltransferase 5, chloroplastic [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            11438228  adenylate isopentenyltransferase [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            25497406  cytokinin hydroxylase [KO:K10717]
            25495619  cytokinin hydroxylase [KO:K10717]
            11443256  cytokinin dehydrogenase 2 [KO:K00279] [EC:1.5.99.12]
            11444937  cytokinin dehydrogenase 3 [KO:K00279] [EC:1.5.99.12]
            11415465  cytokinin dehydrogenase 6 [KO:K00279] [EC:1.5.99.12]
            11439864  cytokinin dehydrogenase 6 isoform X1 [KO:K00279] [EC:1.5.99.12]
            25494228  cytokinin dehydrogenase 3 [KO:K00279] [EC:1.5.99.12]
            25494229  cytokinin dehydrogenase 3 [KO:K00279] [EC:1.5.99.12]
            25490232  cytokinin dehydrogenase 5 [KO:K00279] [EC:1.5.99.12]
            11431926  cytokinin dehydrogenase 7 [KO:K00279] [EC:1.5.99.12]
            11427830  cytokinin dehydrogenase 1 [KO:K00279] [EC:1.5.99.12]
            11421493  UDP-glycosyltransferase 73C6-like [KO:K13496] [EC:2.4.1.-]
            25499733  UDP-glycosyltransferase 73C3 [KO:K13496] [EC:2.4.1.-]
            11429480  UDP-glycosyltransferase 73C6 [KO:K13496] [EC:2.4.1.-]
            11432076  UDP-glycosyltransferase 73C4 [KO:K13496] [EC:2.4.1.-]
            25483914  anthocyanidin 3-O-glucosyltransferase 4 [KO:K13496] [EC:2.4.1.-]
            11435265  UDP-glycosyltransferase 73C1 [KO:K13496] [EC:2.4.1.-]
            11434759  UDP-glycosyltransferase 73C1 [KO:K13496] [EC:2.4.1.-]
            120575750  UDP-glycosyltransferase 73C3-like [KO:K13496] [EC:2.4.1.-]
            11441993  UDP-glycosyltransferase 73C5 [KO:K13496] [EC:2.4.1.-]
            11430668  UDP-glycosyltransferase 73C5 [KO:K13496] [EC:2.4.1.-]
            11423823  tRNA dimethylallyltransferase 2 [KO:K00791] [EC:2.5.1.75]
            25487257  tRNA dimethylallyltransferase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K00791] [EC:2.5.1.75]
            25501894  zeatin O-glucosyltransferase [KO:K13495] [EC:2.4.1.215]
            25491277  zeatin O-glucosyltransferase [KO:K13495] [EC:2.4.1.215]
            25482435  zeatin O-glucosyltransferase [KO:K13495] [EC:2.4.1.215]
COMPOUND    C00002  ATP
            C00008  ADP
            C00015  UDP
            C00019  S-Adenosyl-L-methionine
            C00020  AMP
            C00029  UDP-glucose
            C00033  Acetate
            C00147  Adenine
            C00170  5'-Methylthioadenosine
            C00190  UDP-D-xylose
            C00235  Dimethylallyl diphosphate
            C00371  Zeatin
            C00979  O-Acetyl-L-serine
            C01513  Lupinate
            C01804  Discadenine
            C02029  Dihydrozeatin
            C03300  O-beta-D-Xylosylzeatin
            C03423  O-beta-D-Glucosylzeatin
            C04083  N6-(Delta2-Isopentenyl)-adenine
            C04432  tRNA containing 6-isopentenyladenosine
            C04713  N6-(delta2-Isopentenyl)-adenosine 5'-monophosphate
            C07330  3-Methyl-2-butenal
            C15545  cis-Zeatin
            C15546  O-beta-D-Glucopyranosyl-cis-zeatin
            C16424  Isopentenyladenosine-5'-triphosphate
            C16426  Isopentenyladenosine-5'-diphosphate
            C16427  Isopentenyl adenosine
            C16428  trans-Zeatin riboside triphosphate
            C16429  trans-Zeatin riboside diphosphate
            C16430  trans-Zeatin riboside monophosphate
            C16431  trans-Zeatin riboside
            C16441  cis-Zeatin riboside monophosphate
            C16443  trans-Zeatin-7-beta-D-glucoside
            C16445  Dihydrozeatin riboside monophosphate
            C16447  Dihydrozeatin riboside
            C16448  Dihydrozeatin-O-glucoside
            C16449  cis-Zeatin riboside
            C16467  cis-Prenyl-tRNA
            C17324  tRNA adenine
REFERENCE   PMID:14726522
  AUTHORS   Kasahara H, Takei K, Ueda N, Hishiyama S, Yamaya T, Kamiya Y, Yamaguchi S, Sakakibara H.
  TITLE     Distinct isoprenoid origins of cis- and trans-zeatin biosyntheses in Arabidopsis.
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 279:14049-54 (2004)
            DOI:10.1074/jbc.M314195200
REFERENCE   PMID:11313355
  AUTHORS   Takei K, Sakakibara H, Sugiyama T.
  TITLE     Identification of genes encoding adenylate isopentenyltransferase, a cytokinin biosynthesis enzyme, in Arabidopsis thaliana.
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 276:26405-10 (2001)
            DOI:10.1074/jbc.M102130200
REFERENCE   PMID:11479373
  AUTHORS   Kakimoto T.
  TITLE     Identification of plant cytokinin biosynthetic enzymes as dimethylallyl diphosphate:ATP/ADP isopentenyltransferases.
  JOURNAL   Plant Cell Physiol 42:677-85 (2001)
            DOI:10.1093/pcp/pce112
REFERENCE   PMID:15280363
  AUTHORS   Takei K, Yamaya T, Sakakibara H.
  TITLE     Arabidopsis CYP735A1 and CYP735A2 encode cytokinin hydroxylases that catalyze the biosynthesis of trans-Zeatin.
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 279:41866-72 (2004)
            DOI:10.1074/jbc.M406337200
REFERENCE   PMID:15342621
  AUTHORS   Hou B, Lim EK, Higgins GS, Bowles DJ.
  TITLE     N-glucosylation of cytokinins by glycosyltransferases of Arabidopsis thaliana.
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 279:47822-32 (2004)
            DOI:10.1074/jbc.M409569200
REFERENCE   PMID:9874810
  AUTHORS   Martin RC, Mok MC, Mok DW
  TITLE     Isolation of a cytokinin gene, ZOG1, encoding zeatin O-glucosyltransferase from Phaseolus lunatus.
  JOURNAL   Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96:284-9 (1999)
            DOI:10.1073/pnas.96.1.284
REFERENCE   PMID:10364407
  AUTHORS   Martin RC, Mok MC, Mok DW
  TITLE     A gene encoding the cytokinin enzyme zeatin O-xylosyltransferase of Phaseolus vulgaris.
  JOURNAL   Plant Physiol 120:553-8 (1999)
            DOI:10.1104/pp.120.2.553
REFERENCE   PMID:12644686
  AUTHORS   Veach YK, Martin RC, Mok DW, Malbeck J, Vankova R, Mok MC
  TITLE     O-glucosylation of cis-zeatin in maize. Characterization of genes, enzymes, and endogenous cytokinins.
  JOURNAL   Plant Physiol 131:1374-80 (2003)
            DOI:10.1104/pp.017210
REFERENCE   PMID:14555694
  AUTHORS   Werner T, Motyka V, Laucou V, Smets R, Van Onckelen H, Schmulling T
  TITLE     Cytokinin-deficient transgenic Arabidopsis plants show multiple developmental alterations indicating opposite functions of cytokinins in the regulation of shoot and root meristem activity.
  JOURNAL   Plant Cell 15:2532-50 (2003)
            DOI:10.1105/tpc.014928
REFERENCE   PMID:17062755
  AUTHORS   Miyawaki K, Tarkowski P, Matsumoto-Kitano M, Kato T, Sato S, Tarkowska D, Tabata S, Sandberg G, Kakimoto T
  TITLE     Roles of Arabidopsis ATP/ADP isopentenyltransferases and tRNA isopentenyltransferases in cytokinin biosynthesis.
  JOURNAL   Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:16598-603 (2006)
            DOI:10.1073/pnas.0603522103
REL_PATHWAY mtr00900  Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
KO_PATHWAY  ko00908
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