ENTRY       mtr00510                    Pathway
NAME        N-Glycan biosynthesis - Medicago truncatula (barrel medic)
DESCRIPTION N-glycans or asparagine-linked glycans are major constituents of glycoproteins in eukaryotes. N-glycans are covalently attached to asparagine with the consensus sequence of Asn-X-Ser/Thr by an N-glycosidic bond, GlcNAc b1- Asn. Biosynthesis of N-glycans begins on the cytoplasmic face of the ER membrane with the transferase reaction of UDP-GlcNAc and the lipid-like precursor P-Dol (dolichol phosphate) to generate GlcNAc a1- PP-Dol. After sequential addition of monosaccharides by ALG glycosyltransferases [MD:M00055], the N-glycan precursor is attached by the OST (oligosaccharyltransferase) complex to the polypeptide chain that is being synthesized and translocated through the ER membrane. The protein-bound N-glycan precursor is subsequently trimmed, extended, and modified in the ER and Golgi by a complex series of reactions catalyzed by membrane-bound glycosidases and glycosyltransferases. N-glycans thus synthesized are classified into three types: high-mannose type, complex type, and hybrid type. Defects in N-glycan biosynthesis lead to a variety of human diseases known as congenital disorders of glycosylation [DS:H00118 H00119].
CLASS       Metabolism; Glycan biosynthesis and metabolism
PATHWAY_MAP mtr00510  N-Glycan biosynthesis
MODULE      mtr_M00055  N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH:mtr00510]
            mtr_M00072  N-glycosylation by oligosaccharyltransferase [PATH:mtr00510]
            mtr_M00073  N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:mtr00510]
DBLINKS     GO: 0006487
ORGANISM    Medicago truncatula (barrel medic) [GN:mtr]
GENE        11446571  polyprenol reductase 1 [KO:K12345] [EC:1.3.1.22 1.3.1.94]
            25487856  dolichol kinase EVAN [KO:K00902] [EC:2.7.1.108]
            25502427  UDP-N-acetylglucosamine--dolichyl-phosphate N-acetylglucosaminephosphotransferase [KO:K01001] [EC:2.7.8.15]
            25479576  UDP-N-acetylglucosamine--dolichyl-phosphate N-acetylglucosaminephosphotransferase [KO:K01001] [EC:2.7.8.15]
            25488882  UDP-N-acetylglucosamine--dolichyl-phosphate N-acetylglucosaminephosphotransferase [KO:K01001] [EC:2.7.8.15]
            11446868  dolichyl-phosphate beta-glucosyltransferase [KO:K00729] [EC:2.4.1.117]
            25490289  UDP-N-acetylglucosamine transferase subunit ALG13 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K07432] [EC:2.4.1.141]
            11429491  UDP-N-acetylglucosamine transferase subunit ALG13 homolog [KO:K07432] [EC:2.4.1.141]
            11432518  UDP-N-acetylglucosamine transferase subunit ALG14 homolog [KO:K07441] [EC:2.4.1.141]
            11416098  dolichol-phosphate mannosyltransferase subunit 1 isoform X5 [KO:K00721] [EC:2.4.1.83]
            25493039  dolichol-phosphate mannosyltransferase subunit 1 [KO:K00721] [EC:2.4.1.83]
            11441268  dolichol-phosphate mannose synthase subunit 2 [KO:K09658]
            11425238  dolichol-phosphate mannose synthase subunit 2 [KO:K09658]
            25498274  dolichol-phosphate mannose synthase subunit 3 [KO:K09659]
            25490475  dolichol-phosphate mannose synthase subunit 3 [KO:K09659]
            11416406  UDP-glycosyltransferase TURAN isoform X1 [KO:K03842] [EC:2.4.1.142]
            11420245  alpha-1,3/1,6-mannosyltransferase ALG2 [KO:K03843] [EC:2.4.1.132 2.4.1.257]
            25500706  GDP-Man:Man(3)GlcNAc(2)-PP-Dol alpha-1,2-mannosyltransferase [KO:K03844] [EC:2.4.1.131]
            11434786  dol-P-Man:Man(5)GlcNAc(2)-PP-Dol alpha-1,3-mannosyltransferase [KO:K03845] [EC:2.4.1.258]
            11406853  dol-P-Man:Man(6)GlcNAc(2)-PP-Dol alpha-1,2-mannosyltransferase [KO:K03846] [EC:2.4.1.259 2.4.1.261]
            25500106  dol-P-Man:Man(7)GlcNAc(2)-PP-Dol alpha-1,6-mannosyltransferase isoform X2 [KO:K03847] [EC:2.4.1.260]
            25495617  probable dolichyl pyrophosphate Man9GlcNAc2 alpha-1,3-glucosyltransferase [KO:K03848] [EC:2.4.1.267]
            11426681  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: probable dolichyl pyrophosphate Glc1Man9GlcNAc2 alpha-1,3-glucosyltransferase [KO:K03849] [EC:2.4.1.265]
            120577389  probable dolichyl pyrophosphate Glc1Man9GlcNAc2 alpha-1,3-glucosyltransferase [KO:K03849] [EC:2.4.1.265]
            11413460  dol-P-Glc:Glc(2)Man(9)GlcNAc(2)-PP-Dol alpha-1,2-glucosyltransferase isoform X1 [KO:K03850] [EC:2.4.1.256]
            11417285  dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase subunit STT3B [KO:K07151] [EC:2.4.99.18]
            11419582  dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase subunit STT3A [KO:K07151] [EC:2.4.99.18]
            11422511  dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase subunit 1A [KO:K12666]
            11419421  dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase subunit 1B [KO:K12666]
            25484247  dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase subunit 2 [KO:K12667]
            11421886  dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase subunit DAD1 [KO:K12668]
            11430971  dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase subunit DAD1 [KO:K12668]
            25485242  probable dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase subunit 3B [KO:K12669]
            25492724  dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase 48 kDa subunit [KO:K12670]
            25484036  lipid phosphate phosphatase gamma [KO:K07252] [EC:3.6.1.43]
            25501732  mannosyl-oligosaccharide glucosidase GCS1 isoform X2 [KO:K01228] [EC:3.2.1.106]
            11424998  probable glucan 1,3-alpha-glucosidase [KO:K05546] [EC:3.2.1.207]
            11438869  mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,2-alpha-mannosidase MNS3 [KO:K23741] [EC:3.2.1.209]
            120575730  mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,2-alpha-mannosidase MNS1-like isoform X1 [KO:K01230] [EC:3.2.1.113]
            25491240  mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,2-alpha-mannosidase MNS1 [KO:K01230] [EC:3.2.1.113]
            11438644  mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,2-alpha-mannosidase MNS1 isoform X1 [KO:K01230] [EC:3.2.1.113]
            11428168  alpha-1,3-mannosyl-glycoprotein 2-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase [KO:K00726] [EC:2.4.1.101]
            11439146  alpha-mannosidase 2 [KO:K01231] [EC:3.2.1.114]
            25483041  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: alpha-1,6-mannosyl-glycoprotein 2-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase [KO:K00736] [EC:2.4.1.143]
            25501857  uncharacterized protein LOC25501857 [KO:K00737] [EC:2.4.1.144]
            11425546  uncharacterized protein LOC11425546 [KO:K00737] [EC:2.4.1.144]
            25497910  uncharacterized protein LOC25497910 isoform X2 [KO:K00737] [EC:2.4.1.144]
            11441234  beta-1,4-mannosyl-glycoprotein 4-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase [KO:K00737] [EC:2.4.1.144]
COMPOUND    C00096  GDP-mannose
            C00110  Dolichyl phosphate
            C00381  Dolichol
            C00621  Dolichyl diphosphate
            C01246  Dolichyl beta-D-glucosyl phosphate
            C03021  Protein asparagine
            C03862  Dolichyl phosphate D-mannose
            C06081  Polyprenol
            G00001  N-Acetyl-D-glucosaminyldiphosphodolichol
            G00002  N,N'-Chitobiosyldiphosphodolichol
            G00003
            G00004
            G00005
            G00006
            G00007
            G00008
            G00009
            G00010
            G00011
            G00012
            G00013
            G00014
            G00015
            G00016
            G00017
            G00018  DS 3
            G00019
            G00020
            G00021
            G00022
            G00171
            G10526
            G10595
            G10596
            G10597
            G10598
            G10599
            G10694
REFERENCE   PMID:9111134
  AUTHORS   Schutzbach JS.
  TITLE     The role of the lipid matrix in the biosynthesis of dolichyl-linked oligosaccharides.
  JOURNAL   Glycoconj J 14:175-82 (1997)
            DOI:10.1023/A:1018533620002
REFERENCE   PMID:12200473
  AUTHORS   Oriol R, Martinez-Duncker I, Chantret I, Mollicone R, Codogno P.
  TITLE     Common origin and evolution of glycosyltransferases using Dol-P-monosaccharides as donor substrate.
  JOURNAL   Mol Biol Evol 19:1451-63 (2002)
            DOI:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a004208
REFERENCE   PMID:12684507
  AUTHORS   Thiel C, Schwarz M, Peng J, Grzmil M, Hasilik M, Braulke T, Kohlschutter A, von Figura K, Lehle L, Korner C.
  TITLE     A new type of congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG-Ii) provides new insights into the early steps of dolichol-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis.
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 278:22498-505 (2003)
            DOI:10.1074/jbc.M302850200
REFERENCE   PMID:11278778
  AUTHORS   Cipollo JF, Trimble RB, Chi JH, Yan Q, Dean N.
  TITLE     The yeast ALG11 gene specifies addition of the terminal alpha 1,2-Man to the Man5GlcNAc2-PP-dolichol N-glycosylation intermediate formed on the cytosolic side of the endoplasmic reticulum.
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 276:21828-40 (2001)
            DOI:10.1074/jbc.M010896200
REFERENCE   PMID:15987956
  AUTHORS   Frank CG, Aebi M.
  TITLE     ALG9 mannosyltransferase is involved in two different steps of lipid-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis.
  JOURNAL   Glycobiology 15:1156-63 (2005)
            DOI:10.1093/glycob/cwj002
REFERENCE   PMID:16878994
  AUTHORS   O'Reilly MK, Zhang G, Imperiali B.
  TITLE     In vitro evidence for the dual function of Alg2 and Alg11: essential mannosyltransferases in N-linked glycoprotein biosynthesis.
  JOURNAL   Biochemistry 45:9593-603 (2006)
            DOI:10.1021/bi060878o
REL_PATHWAY mtr00051  Fructose and mannose metabolism
            mtr00511  Other glycan degradation
            mtr00513  Various types of N-glycan biosynthesis
            mtr00520  Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism
            mtr00563  Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor biosynthesis
            mtr00900  Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
KO_PATHWAY  ko00510
///
