ENTRY       mtr00480                    Pathway
NAME        Glutathione metabolism - Medicago truncatula (barrel medic)
CLASS       Metabolism; Metabolism of other amino acids
PATHWAY_MAP mtr00480  Glutathione metabolism
MODULE      mtr_M00118  Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:mtr00480]
DBLINKS     GO: 0006749
ORGANISM    Medicago truncatula (barrel medic) [GN:mtr]
GENE        11414027  glutathione hydrolase 1 [KO:K18592] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13 3.4.19.14]
            25491006  glutathione hydrolase 1 [KO:K18592] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13 3.4.19.14]
            11442456  glutathione hydrolase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K18592] [EC:2.3.2.2 3.4.19.13 3.4.19.14]
            11427354  gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase 2-1 [KO:K22596] [EC:4.3.2.9]
            11432265  gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase 2-2 [KO:K22596] [EC:4.3.2.9]
            11417927  gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase 2-3 [KO:K22596] [EC:4.3.2.9]
            11406222  5-oxoprolinase [KO:K01469] [EC:3.5.2.9]
            11441054  glutamate--cysteine ligase, chloroplastic-like isoform X1 [KO:K01919] [EC:6.3.2.2]
            11442621  glutamate--cysteine ligase, chloroplastic [KO:K01919] [EC:6.3.2.2]
            11437224  glutamate--cysteine ligase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K01919] [EC:6.3.2.2]
            11425656  glutathione synthetase, chloroplastic [KO:K21456] [EC:6.3.2.3]
            11423166  glutathione synthetase, chloroplastic [KO:K21456] [EC:6.3.2.3]
            25488371  leucine aminopeptidase 1 [KO:K01255] [EC:3.4.11.1]
            11439557  leucine aminopeptidase 1 [KO:K01255] [EC:3.4.11.1]
            25502063  puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase isoform X1 [KO:K01256] [EC:3.4.11.2]
            25485680  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11407798  probable glutathione S-transferase parC [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11408680  glutathione S-transferase U17 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11417034  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11437562  glutathione S-transferase T1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11429173  glutathione S-transferase T1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11411339  glutathione S-transferase F11 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            25501802  glutathione transferase GST 23 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11426305  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            25498637  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            25480581  probable glutathione S-transferase parC [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11438242  glutathione S-transferase L3 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11416662  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11443729  glutathione S-transferase U25 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            25496773  glutathione S-transferase U7 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            25491534  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            25491535  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            25490591  glutathione S-transferase F9 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            25490596  glutathione S-transferase F9 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            25491097  probable glutathione S-transferase parA [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            25491098  probable glutathione S-transferase parA [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11413719  glutathione S-transferase U17 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11418054  glutathione S-transferase U9 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11425943  microsomal glutathione S-transferase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11423461  glutathione S-transferase U19 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            25489902  glutathione transferase GST 23 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11427321  glutathione S-transferase F9 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11437047  glutathione S-transferase F9 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            25487038  glutathione S-transferase 3 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            25487039  glutathione S-transferase 3 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            25487040  glutathione S-transferase 3 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            25487041  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            25487042  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            25487043  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            25487044  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            25487046  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            25487047  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            25487048  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11411589  glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11436005  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11405818  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11407372  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11405498  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11409926  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11410956  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11426304  probable glutathione S-transferase isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11409419  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11409927  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11407375  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11405846  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11407399  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11408634  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11407084  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            25484065  glutathione S-transferase L3 isoform X2 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11409080  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11422349  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11416259  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11408469  probable glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11418359  glutathione transferase GST 23 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            11432355  glutathione S-transferase L3 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            25484760  glutathione S-transferase [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            25484761  glutathione S-transferase PARB [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            25484762  glutathione S-transferase F13 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
            25485729  glutathione S-transferase DHAR1, mitochondrial [KO:K21888] [EC:1.8.5.1 2.5.1.18]
            25489243  glutathione S-transferase DHAR3, chloroplastic [KO:K21888] [EC:1.8.5.1 2.5.1.18]
            25495943  glutathione reductase, cytosolic [KO:K00383] [EC:1.8.1.7]
            25484346  glutathione reductase, chloroplastic/mitochondrial [KO:K00383] [EC:1.8.1.7]
            11445769  isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] [KO:K00031] [EC:1.1.1.42]
            11425956  isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP], chloroplastic [KO:K00031] [EC:1.1.1.42]
            11419675  isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] [KO:K00031] [EC:1.1.1.42]
            25502143  6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating 1, chloroplastic [KO:K00033] [EC:1.1.1.44 1.1.1.343]
            25497623  6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating 2 [KO:K00033] [EC:1.1.1.44 1.1.1.343]
            11424460  inactive glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase 4, chloroplastic isoform X1 [KO:K00036] [EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
            120577280  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase, chloroplastic-like [KO:K00036] [EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
            25481550  glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase, chloroplastic [KO:K00036] [EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
            25495714  glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase 5, cytoplasmic isoform X1 [KO:K00036] [EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
            11440318  glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase 2, chloroplastic [KO:K00036] [EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
            11427023  glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic isoform [KO:K00036] [EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
            11437561  probable glutathione peroxidase 8 [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
            11427109  probable phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase isoform X1 [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
            11415756  probable phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
            11436241  probable glutathione peroxidase 8 [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
            11432980  phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase, chloroplastic [KO:K00432] [EC:1.11.1.9]
            25493431  1-Cys peroxiredoxin [KO:K11188] [EC:1.11.1.7 1.11.1.27 3.1.1.-]
            11426024  ornithine decarboxylase [KO:K01581] [EC:4.1.1.17]
            11417417  spermine synthase [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
            25501297  spermidine synthase 2 [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
            25489544  spermidine synthase 1 [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
            11405952  spermidine synthase 1 [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
            25482358  spermine synthase [KO:K00797] [EC:2.5.1.16]
            11414804  probable L-ascorbate peroxidase 6, chloroplastic/mitochondrial isoform X2 [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
            11436614  putative L-ascorbate peroxidase 6 [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
            11412115  L-ascorbate peroxidase, cytosolic [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
            11443228  L-ascorbate peroxidase 3 [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
            11419719  L-ascorbate peroxidase 3 [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
            11437370  thylakoid lumenal 29 kDa protein, chloroplastic [KO:K00434] [EC:1.11.1.11]
            11438405  ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase large subunit [KO:K10807] [EC:1.17.4.1]
            25488510  ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase large subunit [KO:K10807] [EC:1.17.4.1]
            25502786  ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase small chain [KO:K10808] [EC:1.17.4.1]
            25480771  ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase small chain [KO:K10808] [EC:1.17.4.1]
            25497818  ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase small chain [KO:K10808] [EC:1.17.4.1]
            25494012  ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase small chain A [KO:K10808] [EC:1.17.4.1]
            25483253  ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase small chain [KO:K10808] [EC:1.17.4.1]
COMPOUND    C00005  NADPH
            C00006  NADP+
            C00024  Acetyl-CoA
            C00025  L-Glutamate
            C00037  Glycine
            C00051  Glutathione
            C00072  Ascorbate
            C00077  L-Ornithine
            C00097  L-Cysteine
            C00127  Glutathione disulfide
            C00134  Putrescine
            C00151  L-Amino acid
            C00315  Spermidine
            C00669  gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteine
            C00750  Spermine
            C01322  RX
            C01419  Cys-Gly
            C01672  Cadaverine
            C01879  5-Oxoproline
            C02090  Trypanothione
            C02320  R-S-Glutathione
            C03170  Trypanothione disulfide
            C03646  Bis-gamma-glutamylcystine
            C03740  (5-L-Glutamyl)-L-amino acid
            C05422  Dehydroascorbate
            C05726  S-Substituted L-cysteine
            C05727  S-Substituted N-acetyl-L-cysteine
            C05729  R-S-Cysteinylglycine
            C05730  Glutathionylspermidine
            C16562  Glutathionylspermine
            C16563  Bis(glutathionyl)spermine
            C16564  Bis(glutathionyl)spermine disulfide
            C16565  Aminopropylcadaverine
            C16566  Glutathionylaminopropylcadaverine
            C16567  Homotrypanothione
            C16568  Homotrypanothione disulfide
            C16663  Tryparedoxin
            C16664  Tryparedoxin disulfide
REFERENCE   PMID:12675513
  AUTHORS   Josch C, Klotz LO, Sies H.
  TITLE     Identification of cytosolic leucyl aminopeptidase (EC 3.4.11.1) as the major cysteinylglycine-hydrolysing activity in rat liver.
  JOURNAL   Biol Chem 384:213-8 (2003)
            DOI:10.1515/BC.2003.023
REFERENCE   PMID:18482986
  AUTHORS   Chu L, Lai Y, Xu X, Eddy S, Yang S, Song L, Kolodrubetz D.
  TITLE     A 52-kDa leucyl aminopeptidase from treponema denticola is a cysteinylglycinase that mediates the second step of glutathione metabolism.
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 283:19351-8 (2008)
            DOI:10.1074/jbc.M801034200
REFERENCE   PMID:14583094
  AUTHORS   Cappiello M, Lazzarotti A, Buono F, Scaloni A, D'Ambrosio C, Amodeo P, Mendez BL, Pelosi P, Del Corso A, Mura U.
  TITLE     New role for leucyl aminopeptidase in glutathione turnover.
  JOURNAL   Biochem J 378:35-44 (2004)
            DOI:10.1042/BJ20031336
REFERENCE   PMID:11157967
  AUTHORS   Suzuki H, Kamatani S, Kim ES, Kumagai H.
  TITLE     Aminopeptidases A, B, and N and dipeptidase D are the four cysteinylglycinases of Escherichia coli K-12.
  JOURNAL   J Bacteriol 183:1489-90 (2001)
            DOI:10.1128/JB.183.4.1489-1490.2001
REFERENCE   PMID:15610825
  AUTHORS   Oza SL, Shaw MP, Wyllie S, Fairlamb AH.
  TITLE     Trypanothione biosynthesis in Leishmania major.
  JOURNAL   Mol Biochem Parasitol 139:107-16 (2005)
            DOI:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2004.10.004
REFERENCE   PMID:12049631
  AUTHORS   Oza SL, Ariyanayagam MR, Fairlamb AH.
  TITLE     Characterization of recombinant glutathionylspermidine synthetase/amidase from Crithidia fasciculata.
  JOURNAL   Biochem J 364:679-86 (2002)
            DOI:10.1042/BJ20011370
REFERENCE   PMID:9677355
  AUTHORS   Tetaud E, Manai F, Barrett MP, Nadeau K, Walsh CT, Fairlamb AH.
  TITLE     Cloning and characterization of the two enzymes responsible for trypanothione biosynthesis in Crithidia fasciculata.
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 273:19383-90 (1998)
            DOI:10.1074/jbc.273.31.19383
REFERENCE   PMID:12750367
  AUTHORS   Ariyanayagam MR, Oza SL, Mehlert A, Fairlamb AH.
  TITLE     Bis(glutathionyl)spermine and other novel trypanothione analogues in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 278:27612-9 (2003)
            DOI:10.1074/jbc.M302750200
REFERENCE   PMID:12967709
  AUTHORS   Oza SL, Ariyanayagam MR, Aitcheson N, Fairlamb AH.
  TITLE     Properties of trypanothione synthetase from Trypanosoma brucei.
  JOURNAL   Mol Biochem Parasitol 131:25-33 (2003)
            DOI:10.1016/S0166-6851(03)00176-2
REFERENCE   PMID:12121990
  AUTHORS   Oza SL, Tetaud E, Ariyanayagam MR, Warnon SS, Fairlamb AH.
  TITLE     A single enzyme catalyses formation of Trypanothione from glutathione and spermidine in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 277:35853-61 (2002)
            DOI:10.1074/jbc.M204403200
REFERENCE   PMID:15537651
  AUTHORS   Comini M, Menge U, Wissing J, Flohe L.
  TITLE     Trypanothione synthesis in crithidia revisited.
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 280:6850-60 (2005)
            DOI:10.1074/jbc.M404486200
REFERENCE   PMID:7813456
  AUTHORS   Hunter KJ, Le Quesne SA, Fairlamb AH.
  TITLE     Identification and biosynthesis of N1,N9-bis(glutathionyl)aminopropylcadaverine (homotrypanothione) in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  JOURNAL   Eur J Biochem 226:1019-27 (1994)
            DOI:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.t01-1-01019.x
REFERENCE   PMID:12751784
  AUTHORS   Krauth-Siegel RL, Meiering SK, Schmidt H.
  TITLE     The parasite-specific trypanothione metabolism of trypanosoma and leishmania.
  JOURNAL   Biol Chem 384:539-49 (2003)
            DOI:10.1515/BC.2003.062
REFERENCE   PMID:18395526
  AUTHORS   Krauth-Siegel RL, Comini MA.
  TITLE     Redox control in trypanosomatids, parasitic protozoa with trypanothione-based thiol metabolism.
  JOURNAL   Biochim Biophys Acta 1780:1236-48 (2008)
            DOI:10.1016/j.bbagen.2008.03.006
REFERENCE   PMID:8892297
  AUTHORS   Krauth-Siegel RL, Ludemann H.
  TITLE     Reduction of dehydroascorbate by trypanothione.
  JOURNAL   Mol Biochem Parasitol 80:203-8 (1996)
            DOI:10.1016/0166-6851(96)02689-8
REFERENCE   PMID:11150302
  AUTHORS   Dormeyer M, Reckenfelderbaumer N, Ludemann H, Krauth-Siegel RL.
  TITLE     Trypanothione-dependent synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides by Trypanosoma brucei ribonucleotide reductase.
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 276:10602-6 (2001)
            DOI:10.1074/jbc.M010352200
REFERENCE   PMID:12949079
  AUTHORS   Schmidt H, Krauth-Siegel RL.
  TITLE     Functional and physicochemical characterization of the thioredoxin system in Trypanosoma brucei.
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 278:46329-36 (2003)
            DOI:10.1074/jbc.M305338200
REFERENCE   PMID:9851611
  AUTHORS   Tetaud E, Fairlamb AH.
  TITLE     Cloning, expression and reconstitution of the trypanothione-dependent peroxidase system of Crithidia fasciculata.
  JOURNAL   Mol Biochem Parasitol 96:111-23 (1998)
            DOI:10.1016/S0166-6851(98)00120-0
REFERENCE   PMID:12446213
  AUTHORS   Castro H, Sousa C, Santos M, Cordeiro-da-Silva A, Flohe L, Tomas AM.
  TITLE     Complementary antioxidant defense by cytoplasmic and mitochondrial peroxiredoxins in Leishmania infantum.
  JOURNAL   Free Radic Biol Med 33:1552-62 (2002)
            DOI:10.1016/S0891-5849(02)01089-4
REFERENCE   PMID:10713147
  AUTHORS   Wilkinson SR, Temperton NJ, Mondragon A, Kelly JM.
  TITLE     Distinct mitochondrial and cytosolic enzymes mediate trypanothione-dependent peroxide metabolism in Trypanosoma cruzi.
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 275:8220-5 (2000)
            DOI:10.1074/jbc.275.11.8220
REFERENCE   PMID:17922848
  AUTHORS   Konig J, Fairlamb AH.
  TITLE     A comparative study of type I and type II tryparedoxin peroxidases in Leishmania major.
  JOURNAL   FEBS J 274:5643-58 (2007)
            DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.06087.x
REFERENCE   PMID:12466271
  AUTHORS   Hillebrand H, Schmidt A, Krauth-Siegel RL.
  TITLE     A second class of peroxidases linked to the trypanothione metabolism.
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 278:6809-15 (2003)
            DOI:10.1074/jbc.M210392200
REFERENCE   PMID:14982633
  AUTHORS   Soksawatmaekhin W, Kuraishi A, Sakata K, Kashiwagi K, Igarashi K.
  TITLE     Excretion and uptake of cadaverine by CadB and its physiological functions in Escherichia coli.
  JOURNAL   Mol Microbiol 51:1401-12 (2004)
            DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03913.x
REFERENCE   PMID:6798961
  AUTHORS   Pegg AE, Shuttleworth K, Hibasami H.
  TITLE     Specificity of mammalian spermidine synthase and spermine synthase.
  JOURNAL   Biochem J 197:315-20 (1981)
            DOI:10.1042/bj1970315
REL_PATHWAY mtr00220  Arginine biosynthesis
            mtr00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
            mtr00270  Cysteine and methionine metabolism
            mtr00430  Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism
            mtr00460  Cyanoamino acid metabolism
KO_PATHWAY  ko00480
///
