ENTRY       hsa03440                    Pathway
NAME        Homologous recombination - Homo sapiens (human)
DESCRIPTION Homologous recombination (HR) is essential for the accurate repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), potentially lethal lesions. HR takes place in the late S-G2 phase of the cell cycle and involves the generation of a single-stranded region of DNA, followed by strand invasion, formation of a Holliday junction, DNA synthesis using the intact strand as a template, branch migration and resolution. It is investigated that RecA/Rad51 family proteins play a central role. The breast cancer susceptibility protein Brca2 and the RecQ helicase BLM (Bloom syndrome mutated) are tumor suppressors that maintain genome integrity, at least in part, through HR.
CLASS       Genetic Information Processing; Replication and repair
PATHWAY_MAP hsa03440  Homologous recombination
NETWORK     nt06506  Double-strand break repair
            nt06508  Interstrand crosslink repair
  ELEMENT   N01439  Double-strand break signaling
            N01446  DNA end resection and RPA loading
            N01447  Double Holliday junction dissolution
            N01449  Synthesis-dependent strand annealing
            N01451  ATR signaling
            N01452  Homologous recombination
            N01539  RAD51 -dsDNA destabilization
DBLINKS     GO: 0000724
ORGANISM    Homo sapiens (human) [GN:hsa]
GENE        6742  SSBP1; single stranded DNA binding protein 1 [KO:K03111]
            10111  RAD50; RAD50 double strand break repair protein [KO:K10866] [EC:3.6.-.-]
            4361  MRE11; MRE11 homolog, double strand break repair nuclease [KO:K10865]
            4683  NBN; nibrin [KO:K10867]
            472  ATM; ATM serine/threonine kinase [KO:K04728] [EC:2.7.11.1]
            672  BRCA1; BRCA1 DNA repair associated [KO:K10605] [EC:2.3.2.27]
            580  BARD1; BRCA1 associated RING domain 1 [KO:K10683]
            5932  RBBP8; RB binding protein 8, endonuclease [KO:K20773] [EC:3.1.-.-]
            83990  BRIP1; BRCA1 interacting helicase 1 [KO:K15362] [EC:5.6.2.3]
            11073  TOPBP1; DNA topoisomerase II binding protein 1 [KO:K10728]
            84142  ABRAXAS1; abraxas 1, BRCA1 A complex subunit [KO:K20774]
            51720  UIMC1; ubiquitin interaction motif containing 1 [KO:K20775]
            29086  BABAM1; BRISC and BRCA1 A complex member 1 [KO:K20776]
            9577  BABAM2; BRISC and BRCA1 A complex member 2 [KO:K12173]
            79184  BRCC3; BRCA1/BRCA2-containing complex subunit 3 [KO:K11864] [EC:3.4.19.-]
            79728  PALB2; partner and localizer of BRCA2 [KO:K10897]
            675  BRCA2; BRCA2 DNA repair associated [KO:K08775]
            7979  SEM1; SEM1 26S proteasome subunit [KO:K10881]
            50511  SYCP3; synaptonemal complex protein 3 [KO:K19528]
            6117  RPA1; replication protein A1 [KO:K07466]
            6118  RPA2; replication protein A2 [KO:K10739]
            6119  RPA3; replication protein A3 [KO:K10740]
            29935  RPA4; replication protein A4 [KO:K10741]
            5888  RAD51; RAD51 recombinase [KO:K04482]
            5893  RAD52; RAD52 homolog, DNA repair protein [KO:K10873]
            5890  RAD51B; RAD51 paralog B [KO:K10869]
            5889  RAD51C; RAD51 paralog C [KO:K10870]
            5892  RAD51D; RAD51 paralog D [KO:K10871]
            7516  XRCC2; X-ray repair cross complementing 2 [KO:K10879]
            7517  XRCC3; X-ray repair cross complementing 3 [KO:K10880]
            8438  RAD54L; RAD54 like [KO:K10875] [EC:5.6.2.-]
            25788  RAD54B; RAD54 homolog B [KO:K10877] [EC:5.6.2.-]
            5424  POLD1; DNA polymerase delta 1, catalytic subunit [KO:K02327] [EC:2.7.7.7]
            5425  POLD2; DNA polymerase delta 2, accessory subunit [KO:K02328]
            10714  POLD3; DNA polymerase delta 3, accessory subunit [KO:K03504]
            57804  POLD4; DNA polymerase delta 4, accessory subunit [KO:K03505]
            641  BLM; BLM RecQ like helicase [KO:K10901] [EC:5.6.2.4]
            7156  TOP3A; DNA topoisomerase III alpha [KO:K03165] [EC:5.6.2.1]
            8940  TOP3B; DNA topoisomerase III beta [KO:K03165] [EC:5.6.2.1]
            80198  MUS81; MUS81 structure-specific endonuclease subunit [KO:K08991] [EC:3.1.22.-]
            146956  EME1; essential meiotic structure-specific endonuclease 1 [KO:K10882] [EC:3.1.22.-]
REFERENCE   PMID:18086882
  AUTHORS   Maloisel L, Fabre F, Gangloff S.
  TITLE     DNA polymerase delta is preferentially recruited during homologous recombination to promote heteroduplex DNA extension.
  JOURNAL   Mol Cell Biol 28:1373-82 (2008)
            DOI:10.1128/MCB.01651-07
REFERENCE   PMID:17571595
  AUTHORS   Haruta-Takahashi N, Iwasaki H.
  TITLE     [Recombination mediators]
  JOURNAL   Seikagaku 79:449-53 (2007)
REFERENCE   PMID:18430459
  AUTHORS   Ouyang KJ, Woo LL, Ellis NA.
  TITLE     Homologous recombination and maintenance of genome integrity: Cancer and aging through the prism of human RecQ helicases.
  JOURNAL   Mech Ageing Dev 129:425-40 (2008)
            DOI:10.1016/j.mad.2008.03.003
REFERENCE   PMID:15902993
  AUTHORS   Kawabata M, Kawabata T, Nishibori M.
  TITLE     Role of recA/RAD51 family proteins in mammals.
  JOURNAL   Acta Med Okayama 59:1-9 (2005)
            DOI:10.18926/AMO/31987
REFERENCE   PMID:12589470
  AUTHORS   Prado F, Cortes-Ledesma F, Huertas P, Aguilera A.
  TITLE     Mitotic recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
  JOURNAL   Curr Genet 42:185-98 (2003)
            DOI:10.1007/s00294-002-0346-3
REFERENCE   PMID:16935872
  AUTHORS   Heyer WD, Li X, Rolfsmeier M, Zhang XP.
  TITLE     Rad54: the Swiss Army knife of homologous recombination?
  JOURNAL   Nucleic Acids Res 34:4115-25 (2006)
            DOI:10.1093/nar/gkl481
REFERENCE   PMID:17395553
  AUTHORS   Michel B, Boubakri H, Baharoglu Z, LeMasson M, Lestini R.
  TITLE     Recombination proteins and rescue of arrested replication forks.
  JOURNAL   DNA Repair (Amst) 6:967-80 (2007)
            DOI:10.1016/j.dnarep.2007.02.016
KO_PATHWAY  ko03440
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