ENTRY       hsa00030                    Pathway
NAME        Pentose phosphate pathway - Homo sapiens (human)
DESCRIPTION The pentose phosphate pathway is a process of glucose turnover that produces NADPH as reducing equivalents and pentoses as essential parts of nucleotides. There are two different phases in the pathway. One is irreversible oxidative phase in which glucose-6P is converted to ribulose-5P by oxidative decarboxylation, and NADPH is generated [MD:M00006]. The other is reversible non-oxidative phase in which phosphorylated sugars are interconverted to generate xylulose-5P, ribulose-5P, and ribose-5P [MD:M00007]. Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP) formed from ribose-5P [MD:M00005] is an activated compound used in the biosynthesis of histidine and purine/pyrimidine nucleotides. This pathway map also shows the Entner-Doudoroff pathway where 6-P-gluconate is dehydrated and then cleaved into pyruvate and glyceraldehyde-3P [MD:M00008].
CLASS       Metabolism; Carbohydrate metabolism
PATHWAY_MAP hsa00030  Pentose phosphate pathway
MODULE      hsa_M00004  Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:hsa00030]
            hsa_M00005  PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:hsa00030]
            hsa_M00006  Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:hsa00030]
            hsa_M00007  Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:hsa00030]
DBLINKS     GO: 0006098
ORGANISM    Homo sapiens (human) [GN:hsa]
GENE        2821  GPI; glucose-6-phosphate isomerase [KO:K01810] [EC:5.3.1.9]
            2539  G6PD; glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase [KO:K00036] [EC:1.1.1.49 1.1.1.363]
            25796  PGLS; 6-phosphogluconolactonase [KO:K01057] [EC:3.1.1.31]
            9563  H6PD; hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase/glucose 1-dehydrogenase [KO:K13937] [EC:1.1.1.47 3.1.1.31]
            5226  PGD; phosphogluconate dehydrogenase [KO:K00033] [EC:1.1.1.44 1.1.1.343]
            6120  RPE; ribulose-5-phosphate-3-epimerase [KO:K01783] [EC:5.1.3.1]
            729020  RPEL1; ribulose-5-phosphate-3-epimerase like 1 [KO:K01783] [EC:5.1.3.1]
            7086  TKT; transketolase [KO:K00615] [EC:2.2.1.1]
            84076  TKTL2; transketolase like 2 [KO:K00615] [EC:2.2.1.1]
            8277  TKTL1; transketolase like 1 [KO:K00615] [EC:2.2.1.1]
            6888  TALDO1; transaldolase 1 [KO:K00616] [EC:2.2.1.2]
            22934  RPIA; ribose 5-phosphate isomerase A [KO:K01807] [EC:5.3.1.6]
            51071  DERA; deoxyribose-phosphate aldolase [KO:K01619] [EC:4.1.2.4]
            64080  RBKS; ribokinase [KO:K00852] [EC:2.7.1.15]
            5236  PGM1; phosphoglucomutase 1 [KO:K01835] [EC:5.4.2.2]
            55276  PGM2; phosphoglucomutase 2 [KO:K15779] [EC:5.4.2.2 5.4.2.7]
            221823  PRPS1L1; phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1 like 1 [KO:K00948] [EC:2.7.6.1]
            5634  PRPS2; phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 2 [KO:K00948] [EC:2.7.6.1]
            5631  PRPS1; phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1 [KO:K00948] [EC:2.7.6.1]
            9104  RGN; regucalcin [KO:K01053] [EC:3.1.1.17]
            414328  IDNK; IDNK gluconokinase [KO:K00851] [EC:2.7.1.12]
            132158  GLYCTK; glycerate kinase [KO:K11529] [EC:2.7.1.165]
            230  ALDOC; aldolase, fructose-bisphosphate C [KO:K01623] [EC:4.1.2.13]
            226  ALDOA; aldolase, fructose-bisphosphate A [KO:K01623] [EC:4.1.2.13]
            229  ALDOB; aldolase, fructose-bisphosphate B [KO:K01623] [EC:4.1.2.13]
            2203  FBP1; fructose-bisphosphatase 1 [KO:K03841] [EC:3.1.3.11]
            8789  FBP2; fructose-bisphosphatase 2 [KO:K03841] [EC:3.1.3.11]
            5213  PFKM; phosphofructokinase, muscle [KO:K00850] [EC:2.7.1.11]
            5214  PFKP; phosphofructokinase, platelet [KO:K00850] [EC:2.7.1.11]
            5211  PFKL; phosphofructokinase, liver type [KO:K00850] [EC:2.7.1.11]
COMPOUND    C00022  Pyruvate
            C00031  D-Glucose
            C00117  D-Ribose 5-phosphate
            C00118  D-Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
            C00119  5-Phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate
            C00121  D-Ribose
            C00197  3-Phospho-D-glycerate
            C00198  D-Glucono-1,5-lactone
            C00199  D-Ribulose 5-phosphate
            C00204  2-Dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate
            C00221  beta-D-Glucose
            C00231  D-Xylulose 5-phosphate
            C00257  D-Gluconic acid
            C00258  D-Glycerate
            C00279  D-Erythrose 4-phosphate
            C00345  6-Phospho-D-gluconate
            C00577  D-Glyceraldehyde
            C00620  alpha-D-Ribose 1-phosphate
            C00631  2-Phospho-D-glycerate
            C00668  alpha-D-Glucose 6-phosphate
            C00672  2-Deoxy-D-ribose 1-phosphate
            C00673  2-Deoxy-D-ribose 5-phosphate
            C01151  D-Ribose 1,5-bisphosphate
            C01172  beta-D-Glucose 6-phosphate
            C01182  D-Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate
            C01218  6-Phospho-2-dehydro-D-gluconate
            C01236  D-Glucono-1,5-lactone 6-phosphate
            C01801  Deoxyribose
            C03752  2-Amino-2-deoxy-D-gluconate
            C04442  2-Dehydro-3-deoxy-6-phospho-D-gluconate
            C05345  beta-D-Fructose 6-phosphate
            C05378  beta-D-Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
            C05382  Sedoheptulose 7-phosphate
            C06019  D-arabino-Hex-3-ulose 6-phosphate
            C06473  2-Keto-D-gluconic acid
            C20589  D-Glucosaminate-6-phosphate
REFERENCE   
  AUTHORS   Nishizuka Y (ed).
  TITLE     [Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  JOURNAL   Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1980)
REFERENCE   
  AUTHORS   Nishizuka Y, Seyama Y, Ikai A, Ishimura Y, Kawaguchi A (eds).
  TITLE     [Cellular Functions and Metabolic Maps] (In Japanese)
  JOURNAL   Tokyo Kagaku Dojin (1997)
REFERENCE   
  AUTHORS   Michal G.
  TITLE     Biochemical Pathways
  JOURNAL   Wiley (1999)
REFERENCE   PMID:12700258
  AUTHORS   Hove-Jensen B, Rosenkrantz TJ, Haldimann A, Wanner BL.
  TITLE     Escherichia coli phnN, encoding ribose 1,5-bisphosphokinase activity (phosphoribosyl diphosphate forming): dual role in phosphonate degradation and NAD biosynthesis pathways.
  JOURNAL   J Bacteriol 185:2793-801 (2003)
            DOI:10.1128/JB.185.9.2793-2801.2003
REFERENCE   PMID:16788179
  AUTHORS   Orita I, Sato T, Yurimoto H, Kato N, Atomi H, Imanaka T, Sakai Y
  TITLE     The ribulose monophosphate pathway substitutes for the missing pentose phosphate pathway in the archaeon Thermococcus kodakaraensis.
  JOURNAL   J Bacteriol 188:4698-704 (2006)
            DOI:10.1128/JB.00492-06
REFERENCE   PMID:16428816
  AUTHORS   Kato N, Yurimoto H, Thauer RK
  TITLE     The physiological role of the ribulose monophosphate pathway in bacteria and archaea.
  JOURNAL   Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 70:10-21 (2006)
            DOI:10.1271/bbb.70.10
REFERENCE   PMID:23279921
  AUTHORS   Kouril T, Wieloch P, Reimann J, Wagner M, Zaparty M, Albers SV, Schomburg D, Ruoff P, Siebers B
  TITLE     Unraveling the function of the two Entner-Doudoroff branches in the thermoacidophilic Crenarchaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus P2.
  JOURNAL   FEBS J 280:1126-38 (2013)
            DOI:10.1111/febs.12106
REFERENCE   PMID:16458304
  AUTHORS   Reher M, Schonheit P
  TITLE     Glyceraldehyde dehydrogenases from the thermoacidophilic euryarchaeota Picrophilus torridus and Thermoplasma acidophilum, key enzymes of the non-phosphorylative Entner-Doudoroff pathway, constitute a novel enzyme family within the aldehyde dehydrogenase superfamily.
  JOURNAL   FEBS Lett 580:1198-204 (2006)
            DOI:10.1016/j.febslet.2006.01.029
REFERENCE   PMID:20023024
  AUTHORS   Reher M, Fuhrer T, Bott M, Schonheit P
  TITLE     The nonphosphorylative Entner-Doudoroff pathway in the thermoacidophilic euryarchaeon Picrophilus torridus involves a novel 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate- specific aldolase.
  JOURNAL   J Bacteriol 192:964-74 (2010)
            DOI:10.1128/JB.01281-09
REL_PATHWAY hsa00010  Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis
            hsa00040  Pentose and glucuronate interconversions
            hsa00052  Galactose metabolism
            hsa00230  Purine metabolism
            hsa00240  Pyrimidine metabolism
            hsa00340  Histidine metabolism
            hsa00630  Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism
            hsa00750  Vitamin B6 metabolism
KO_PATHWAY  ko00030
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