ENTRY       gmx00908                    Pathway
NAME        Zeatin biosynthesis - Glycine max (soybean)
DESCRIPTION Zeatin is a member of the cytokinin family, a class of phytohormones involved in various processes of growth and development in plants. Most abundant cytokinins are adenine-type, where the N6 position of adenine is substituted with an isoprenoid, such as in zeatin, or an aromatic side chain, such as in kinetin. Zeatin can be synthesized in two different pathways: the tRNA pathway and the AMP pathway. In the tRNA pathway zeatin is a recycled product of isopentenylated tRNAs. In the AMP pathway zeatin is synthesized from an isopentenyl donor, dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP), and AMP, ADP, or ATP by isopentenyltransferases. After synthesis cytokinins can be glucosylated.
CLASS       Metabolism; Metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides
PATHWAY_MAP gmx00908  Zeatin biosynthesis
DBLINKS     GO: 0009691
ORGANISM    Glycine max (soybean) [GN:gmx]
GENE        100799145  adenylate isopentenyltransferase 3, chloroplastic [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            100803964  adenylate isopentenyltransferase 3, chloroplastic [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            547754  IPT; isopentenyl transferase [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            100813761  adenylate isopentenyltransferase [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            100799520  adenylate isopentenyltransferase 3, chloroplastic [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            100782474  adenylate isopentenyltransferase 5, chloroplastic [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            100812928  adenylate isopentenyltransferase 5, chloroplastic isoform X1 [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            100779563  adenylate isopentenyltransferase [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            100777757  adenylate isopentenyltransferase 3, chloroplastic [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            100817288  adenylate isopentenyltransferase 5, chloroplastic [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            100778430  adenylate isopentenyltransferase 5, chloroplastic [KO:K10760] [EC:2.5.1.27 2.5.1.112]
            100812443  cytokinin hydroxylase [KO:K10717]
            100808392  cytokinin hydroxylase [KO:K10717]
            100812567  cytokinin hydroxylase [KO:K10717]
            100785623  cytokinin hydroxylase-like [KO:K10717]
            100808738  CKX1; cytokinin dehydrogenase 1-like [KO:K00279] [EC:1.5.99.12]
            100787676  CKX3; cytokinin dehydrogenase 3-like [KO:K00279] [EC:1.5.99.12]
            100800722  cytokinin dehydrogenase 6 [KO:K00279] [EC:1.5.99.12]
            100793158  cytokinin dehydrogenase 3 [KO:K00279] [EC:1.5.99.12]
            100797928  cytokinin dehydrogenase 3 [KO:K00279] [EC:1.5.99.12]
            100797430  cytokinin dehydrogenase 6 [KO:K00279] [EC:1.5.99.12]
            100783374  cytokinin dehydrogenase 7 [KO:K00279] [EC:1.5.99.12]
            100808619  cytokinin dehydrogenase 6 [KO:K00279] [EC:1.5.99.12]
            100782645  cytokinin dehydrogenase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K00279] [EC:1.5.99.12]
            100804431  cytokinin dehydrogenase 3 [KO:K00279] [EC:1.5.99.12]
            100808553  cytokinin dehydrogenase 3 [KO:K00279] [EC:1.5.99.12]
            100816815  cytokinin dehydrogenase 3 [KO:K00279] [EC:1.5.99.12]
            100777568  cytokinin dehydrogenase 1 [KO:K00279] [EC:1.5.99.12]
            100790584  cytokinin dehydrogenase 5 isoform X2 [KO:K00279] [EC:1.5.99.12]
            100816566  cytokinin dehydrogenase 7 isoform X1 [KO:K00279] [EC:1.5.99.12]
            100776894  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: UDP-glycosyltransferase 73C2 [KO:K13496] [EC:2.4.1.-]
            100778817  UDP-glycosyltransferase 73C6 [KO:K13496] [EC:2.4.1.-]
            100820150  UDP-glycosyltransferase 73C3 isoform X1 [KO:K13496] [EC:2.4.1.-]
            100790358  UDP-glycosyltransferase 73C3 [KO:K13496] [EC:2.4.1.-]
            100781486  UDP-glycosyltransferase 73C6 [KO:K13496] [EC:2.4.1.-]
            100802029  UDP-glycosyltransferase 73C1 [KO:K13496] [EC:2.4.1.-]
            100527132  UDP-glucosyltransferase family protein [KO:K13496] [EC:2.4.1.-]
            100780411  UDP-glycosyltransferase 73C5 [KO:K13496] [EC:2.4.1.-]
            100777956  UDP-glycosyltransferase 73C3 [KO:K13496] [EC:2.4.1.-]
            100782035  UDP-glycosyltransferase 73C1 [KO:K13496] [EC:2.4.1.-]
            100777426  UDP-glycosyltransferase 73C6 [KO:K13496] [EC:2.4.1.-]
            112997714  UDP-glycosyltransferase 73C6 [KO:K13496] [EC:2.4.1.-]
            100792690  tRNA dimethylallyltransferase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K00791] [EC:2.5.1.75]
            100808814  tRNA dimethylallyltransferase 9 [KO:K00791] [EC:2.5.1.75]
            100791410  zeatin O-glucosyltransferase [KO:K13495] [EC:2.4.1.215]
            100791957  zeatin O-glucosyltransferase [KO:K13495] [EC:2.4.1.215]
            100784697  zeatin O-glucosyltransferase [KO:K13495] [EC:2.4.1.215]
            100799527  zeatin O-glucosyltransferase [KO:K13495] [EC:2.4.1.215]
            100788235  zeatin O-glucosyltransferase [KO:K13495] [EC:2.4.1.215]
            100783479  zeatin O-glucosyltransferase [KO:K13495] [EC:2.4.1.215]
COMPOUND    C00002  ATP
            C00008  ADP
            C00015  UDP
            C00019  S-Adenosyl-L-methionine
            C00020  AMP
            C00029  UDP-glucose
            C00033  Acetate
            C00147  Adenine
            C00170  5'-Methylthioadenosine
            C00190  UDP-D-xylose
            C00235  Dimethylallyl diphosphate
            C00371  Zeatin
            C00979  O-Acetyl-L-serine
            C01513  Lupinate
            C01804  Discadenine
            C02029  Dihydrozeatin
            C03300  O-beta-D-Xylosylzeatin
            C03423  O-beta-D-Glucosylzeatin
            C04083  N6-(Delta2-Isopentenyl)-adenine
            C04432  tRNA containing 6-isopentenyladenosine
            C04713  N6-(delta2-Isopentenyl)-adenosine 5'-monophosphate
            C07330  3-Methyl-2-butenal
            C15545  cis-Zeatin
            C15546  O-beta-D-Glucopyranosyl-cis-zeatin
            C16424  Isopentenyladenosine-5'-triphosphate
            C16426  Isopentenyladenosine-5'-diphosphate
            C16427  Isopentenyl adenosine
            C16428  trans-Zeatin riboside triphosphate
            C16429  trans-Zeatin riboside diphosphate
            C16430  trans-Zeatin riboside monophosphate
            C16431  trans-Zeatin riboside
            C16441  cis-Zeatin riboside monophosphate
            C16443  trans-Zeatin-7-beta-D-glucoside
            C16445  Dihydrozeatin riboside monophosphate
            C16447  Dihydrozeatin riboside
            C16448  Dihydrozeatin-O-glucoside
            C16449  cis-Zeatin riboside
            C16467  cis-Prenyl-tRNA
            C17324  tRNA adenine
REFERENCE   PMID:14726522
  AUTHORS   Kasahara H, Takei K, Ueda N, Hishiyama S, Yamaya T, Kamiya Y, Yamaguchi S, Sakakibara H.
  TITLE     Distinct isoprenoid origins of cis- and trans-zeatin biosyntheses in Arabidopsis.
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 279:14049-54 (2004)
            DOI:10.1074/jbc.M314195200
REFERENCE   PMID:11313355
  AUTHORS   Takei K, Sakakibara H, Sugiyama T.
  TITLE     Identification of genes encoding adenylate isopentenyltransferase, a cytokinin biosynthesis enzyme, in Arabidopsis thaliana.
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 276:26405-10 (2001)
            DOI:10.1074/jbc.M102130200
REFERENCE   PMID:11479373
  AUTHORS   Kakimoto T.
  TITLE     Identification of plant cytokinin biosynthetic enzymes as dimethylallyl diphosphate:ATP/ADP isopentenyltransferases.
  JOURNAL   Plant Cell Physiol 42:677-85 (2001)
            DOI:10.1093/pcp/pce112
REFERENCE   PMID:15280363
  AUTHORS   Takei K, Yamaya T, Sakakibara H.
  TITLE     Arabidopsis CYP735A1 and CYP735A2 encode cytokinin hydroxylases that catalyze the biosynthesis of trans-Zeatin.
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 279:41866-72 (2004)
            DOI:10.1074/jbc.M406337200
REFERENCE   PMID:15342621
  AUTHORS   Hou B, Lim EK, Higgins GS, Bowles DJ.
  TITLE     N-glucosylation of cytokinins by glycosyltransferases of Arabidopsis thaliana.
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 279:47822-32 (2004)
            DOI:10.1074/jbc.M409569200
REFERENCE   PMID:9874810
  AUTHORS   Martin RC, Mok MC, Mok DW
  TITLE     Isolation of a cytokinin gene, ZOG1, encoding zeatin O-glucosyltransferase from Phaseolus lunatus.
  JOURNAL   Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96:284-9 (1999)
            DOI:10.1073/pnas.96.1.284
REFERENCE   PMID:10364407
  AUTHORS   Martin RC, Mok MC, Mok DW
  TITLE     A gene encoding the cytokinin enzyme zeatin O-xylosyltransferase of Phaseolus vulgaris.
  JOURNAL   Plant Physiol 120:553-8 (1999)
            DOI:10.1104/pp.120.2.553
REFERENCE   PMID:12644686
  AUTHORS   Veach YK, Martin RC, Mok DW, Malbeck J, Vankova R, Mok MC
  TITLE     O-glucosylation of cis-zeatin in maize. Characterization of genes, enzymes, and endogenous cytokinins.
  JOURNAL   Plant Physiol 131:1374-80 (2003)
            DOI:10.1104/pp.017210
REFERENCE   PMID:14555694
  AUTHORS   Werner T, Motyka V, Laucou V, Smets R, Van Onckelen H, Schmulling T
  TITLE     Cytokinin-deficient transgenic Arabidopsis plants show multiple developmental alterations indicating opposite functions of cytokinins in the regulation of shoot and root meristem activity.
  JOURNAL   Plant Cell 15:2532-50 (2003)
            DOI:10.1105/tpc.014928
REFERENCE   PMID:17062755
  AUTHORS   Miyawaki K, Tarkowski P, Matsumoto-Kitano M, Kato T, Sato S, Tarkowska D, Tabata S, Sandberg G, Kakimoto T
  TITLE     Roles of Arabidopsis ATP/ADP isopentenyltransferases and tRNA isopentenyltransferases in cytokinin biosynthesis.
  JOURNAL   Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:16598-603 (2006)
            DOI:10.1073/pnas.0603522103
REL_PATHWAY gmx00900  Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
KO_PATHWAY  ko00908
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